CN107604262A - A kind of stainless steel of high intensity 304 and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of stainless steel of high intensity 304 and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107604262A CN107604262A CN201710704183.9A CN201710704183A CN107604262A CN 107604262 A CN107604262 A CN 107604262A CN 201710704183 A CN201710704183 A CN 201710704183A CN 107604262 A CN107604262 A CN 107604262A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of stainless steel of high intensity 304 and preparation method thereof, including：304 stainless steel bases；It is compound in the Mo Ti alloying layers on the 304 stainless steel base surface.Compared with prior art, the content of the invention by reducing manganese, adds copper, niobium and micro nitrogen, increases the structure stability and anti intercrystalline corrosion ability of stainless steel base；Using double-deck glow plasma cementation process 304 stainless steel surfaces ions are oozed with Ti Mo and carries out alloying surface, the alloying layer of even compact is formed on stainless steel base surface, the intensity and hardness of stainless steel are greatly improved, avoids the generation that timeliness ftractures in deep-draw forming process.Test result indicates that the stainless steel of high intensity 304 prepared by the present invention has the characteristics of intensity is high, hardness is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of stainless steel materials, more particularly to stainless steel of a kind of high intensity 304 and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
304 stainless steels have good corrosion resistance, low temperature intensity, extensive use as a kind of Cr-Ni austenitic stainless steels
In chemical industry equipment, auto industry, biomedical engineering and nuclear energy equipment etc..In addition, 304 stainless steels also have extensively in high temperature resistant field
General application prospect.However, with industrial expansion, higher requirement is proposed to the intensity of steel.
In the prior art, 304 stainless steels and preparation method thereof have obtained extensive report, for example, Application No.
201210037350.6 Chinese patent literature report and a kind of there is Sb doping SnO2304 bipolar plate of stainless steel of film coating
And its preparation method and application.Application No. 02152646.X Chinese patent literature reports a kind of with deep drawing quality
SUS304 stainless steels, wherein, element silicon percentage by weight is not more than 0.65, and adds percentage by weight between 0.8 to 2
Copper, the high temperature ferrite of the stainless steel are mutually worth between 3.5 to 7.5, and the stainless steel need not carry out intermediate annealing and temperature
Between punch process, save activity duration and processing cost.
However, handling the complex process of stainless steel at present, cost is higher, and tensile strength and hardness are relatively low, easily exist
Timeliness cracking occurs in deep-draw forming process, the problems such as drawing crack in drawing process, therefore is typically controlled by adjusting hot rolling composition
Field trash and ferrite content processed improve the intensity of stainless steel, such as add the copper of part, improve the content of nickel element, together
When reduce carbon, the content of nitrogen, reduce the quantity of interstitial atom, improve mobility of the material in deformation process.But existing skill
Art can not effectively obtain 304 stainless steels with high intensity and high rigidity.It is considered as desirable by the inventor to, there is provided a kind of high intensity 304
Stainless steel and preparation method thereof, there is the characteristics of intensity is high, hardness is high.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a kind of stainless steel of high intensity 304 and preparation method thereof, the high intensity 304 is not
Rust steel has the characteristics of intensity is high, hardness is high.
To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of stainless steel of high intensity 304, including：304 stainless steel bases；It is compound in the 304 stainless steel base surface
Mo-Ti alloying layers, by mass percentage, its composition is 304 stainless steel base：Cr：17~19%, Ni：8~
9%, Mn：0.5~1.0%, Cu：2.0~3.0%, Nb：0.4~0.5%, N：0.05~0.1%, V：0.05~0.1%, C：
≤ 0.05%, Si：≤ 0.6%, P：≤ 0.02%, S：≤ 0.002%, surplus Fe.
Preferably, in the Mo-Ti alloyings layer, Mo compositions account for the quality percentage of the stainless steel of high intensity 304
Than for 0.2~0.3%.
Preferably, in the Mo-Ti alloyings layer, Ti compositions account for the quality percentage of the stainless steel of high intensity 304
Than for 0.1~0.2%.
Preferably, the thickness of the Mo-Ti alloyings layer is 20~30 μm.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of the stainless steel of high intensity 304, comprises the following steps：Step (a)
304 stainless steel bases are washed, are sanded, are polished, acetone cleaning, hot blast drying；Step (b) utilizes under ar gas environment
Double glow discharge alloying process stove, using 304 stainless steel bases as negative electrode, using titanium maxter alloy as source electrode, in 304 stainless steel
Matrix surface carries out surface ion and oozes Ti-Mo, cools down, obtains the stainless steel of high intensity 304.
Preferably, in step b, the operating air pressure of the double glow discharge alloying process stove is 35~40Pa.
Preferably, 304 stainless steel base is prepared as follows：Step (s1) adds in 304 stainless steel plates
Mass fraction is 2.0~3.0% Cu, 0.4~0.5% Nb, 0.05~0.1% N, 0.05~0.1% V, in intermediate frequency
750 DEG C are heated in coreless induction furnace, is incubated for the first time, is then heated to 1500 DEG C, second of insulation, obtains molten state steel
Water；Step (s2) cuts molten state pouring molten steel into casting mold according to preliminary dimension；Step (s3) enters the cast panel after cutting
Row annealing, then carries out pickling processes with sulfuric acid；Cast panel after pickling processes is carried out cold-rolling treatment by step (s4)；Step
(s5) cast panel after cold-rolling treatment is made annealing treatment, then carries out pickling processes with sulfuric acid, smooth and finishing processing, obtain
304 stainless steel bases.
Preferably, in step s3, the temperature of annealing is 1080~1100 DEG C.
Preferably, in step s4, the reduction ratio of cold-rolling treatment is 70%~80%.
Preferably, in step s5, the temperature of annealing is 1110~1120 DEG C.
From above scheme as can be seen that the invention provides a kind of stainless steel of high intensity 304 and preparation method thereof, including：
304 stainless steel bases；It is compound in the Mo-Ti alloying layers on the 304 stainless steel base surface, the 304 stainless base steel
By mass percentage, its composition is body：Cr：17~19%, Ni：8~9%, Mn：0.5~1.0%, Cu：2.0~3.0%,
Nb：0.4~0.5%, N：0.05~0.1%, V：0.05~0.1%, C：≤ 0.05%, Si：≤ 0.6%, P：≤ 0.02%, S：
≤ 0.002%, surplus Fe.Compared with prior art, the content of the invention by reducing manganese, copper, niobium and trace nitrogen member are added
Element, increase the structure stability and anti intercrystalline corrosion ability of stainless steel base；Using double-deck glow plasma cementation process to 304 not
Rust steel surface ion oozes Ti-Mo and carries out alloying surface, and the alloying that even compact is formed on stainless steel base surface changes
Property layer, greatly improve the intensity and hardness of stainless steel, avoid the generation that timeliness ftractures in deep-draw forming process.Experimental result table
Bright, the stainless steel of high intensity 304 prepared by the present invention has the characteristics of intensity is high, hardness is high.
Embodiment
Describe to be used to disclose the present invention below so that those skilled in the art can realize the present invention.It is excellent in describing below
Embodiment is selected to be only used as illustrating, it may occur to persons skilled in the art that other obvious modifications.
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of stainless steel of high intensity 304, including：304 stainless steel bases；It is compound in described
The Mo-Ti alloying layers on 304 stainless steel base surfaces, 304 stainless steel base by mass percentage, its composition
For：Cr：17~19%, Ni：8~9%, Mn：0.5~1.0%, Cu：2.0~3.0%, Nb：0.4~0.5%, N：0.05~
0.1%, V：0.05~0.1%, C：≤ 0.05%, Si：≤ 0.6%, P：≤ 0.02%, S：≤ 0.002%, surplus Fe.
Preferably, in the Mo-Ti alloyings layer, Mo compositions preferably account for the stainless steel of high intensity 304
Mass percent be：0.2~0.3%.The mass percent that Ti compositions preferably account for the stainless steel of high intensity 304 is：0.1~
0.2%.The thickness of the Mo-Ti alloyings layer is preferably 20~30 μm.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of the stainless steel of high intensity 304, comprises the following steps：Step (a)
304 stainless steel bases are washed, are sanded, are polished, acetone cleaning, hot blast drying；Step (b) utilizes under ar gas environment
Double glow discharge alloying process stove, using 304 stainless steel bases as negative electrode, using titanium maxter alloy as source electrode, in 304 stainless steel
Matrix surface carries out surface ion and oozes Ti-Mo, cools down, obtains the stainless steel of high intensity 304.
Preferably, 304 stainless steel base is preferably prepared as follows：Step (s1) is stainless 304
The Cu, 0.4~0.5% Nb, 0.05~0.1% N, 0.05~0.1% that mass fraction is 2.0~3.0% are added in steel plate
V, be heated to 750 DEG C in intermediate frequency coreless induction furnace, be incubated for the first time, be then heated to 1500 DEG C, be incubated for second, obtain
To molten state molten steel；Step (s2) cuts molten state pouring molten steel into casting mold according to preliminary dimension；Step (s3) will be cut
Cast panel afterwards is made annealing treatment, and then carries out pickling processes with sulfuric acid；Step (s4) carries out the cast panel after pickling processes cold
Roll processing；Step (s5) is made annealing treatment the cast panel after cold-rolling treatment, then carries out pickling processes with sulfuric acid, smooth and smart
Whole processing, obtain 304 stainless steel bases.
Preferably, in step s1, the time of insulation is preferably 20-40 minutes for the first time, more preferably 30 minutes；
The time of second of insulation is preferably 20-40 minutes, more preferably 30 minutes.In step s3, the temperature of annealing is preferably
1080~1100 DEG C.In step s4, the reduction ratio of cold-rolling treatment is preferably 70%~80%.In step s5, the temperature of annealing
Degree is preferably 1110~1120 DEG C.
Preferably, in step b, operating air pressure, source voltage, the moon of the double glow discharge alloying process stove
Pole tension, the moon-source electrode distance preferably in certain limit, carry out surface ion and ooze Ti-Mo, operating air pressure is preferred at a certain temperature
For 35~40Pa；Source voltage is preferably 700~900V；Cathode voltage is preferably 400~600V；The moon-source electrode distance is preferably
15~20mm；The metallic cementation temperature is preferably 1050~1100 DEG C.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the content of the invention by reducing manganese, adds copper, niobium and micro nitrogen, increase is not
The structure stability and anti intercrystalline corrosion ability for steel matrix of becoming rusty；Using double-deck glow plasma cementation process to 304 stainless steel surfaces
Ion oozes Ti-Mo and carries out alloying surface, forms the alloying layer of even compact on stainless steel base surface, significantly
The intensity and hardness of stainless steel are improved, avoids the generation that timeliness ftractures in deep-draw forming process.Test result indicates that the present invention
The stainless steel of high intensity 304 of preparation has the characteristics of intensity is high, hardness is high.
The raw material and chemical reagent that the embodiment of the present invention uses are purchased in market.
Embodiment 1
(1), 304 stainless steel base preparation technologies are as follows：
1. the Cu elements that mass fraction is 2.0~3.0% are added in 304 stainless steel plates, 0.4~0.5% Nb elements,
0.05~0.1% N element, 0.05~0.1% V element, 750 DEG C are heated in intermediate frequency coreless induction furnace, insulation half
Hour, it is again heated to 1500 DEG C, is incubated 30 minutes；2. molten state pouring molten steel is cut into casting mold according to preliminary dimension；③
The cast panel cut is made annealing treatment at 1080 DEG C, then carries out pickling processes with sulfuric acid；4. heat is moved back into the casting after pickling
Plate carries out cold-rolling treatment, and it is 75% to control reduction ratio；5. the cast panel after progress cold-rolling treatment is carried out at annealing at 1110 DEG C
Reason, then carries out pickling processes with sulfuric acid；6. the cold cast panel moved back after pickling carries out smooth and finishing processing, 304 stainless steels are obtained
Matrix.
(2), the preparation technology of surface reforming layer is as follows：
1. 304 stainless steel bases pre-process.Matrix is washed by deionization, is sanded, polished first, acetone cleans, hot blast
Drying；2. prepared by titanium molybdenum surface reforming layer.Ion is carried out using double glow discharge alloying process stove and oozes Ti-Mo, in argon gas ring
Under border, using 304 stainless steel bases as negative electrode, using titanium maxter alloy as source electrode, adjustment operating air pressure is 40Pa, source voltage is
900V, cathode voltage 600V, the moon-source electrode distance are 20mm, and surface ion is carried out at a temperature of 1080 DEG C and oozes Ti-Mo, then
Gained sample is cooled down with stove, finally obtains the stainless steel of high intensity 304 with alloying surface layer, gained Mo-Ti
Alloying surface thickness degree is 20 μm.By mass percentage, a kind of composition of the stainless steel of high intensity 304 is：Cr：
17%, Ni：9%, Mn：1.0%, Cu：2.0%, Nb：0.4%, N：0.1%, V：0.05%, Mo：0.25%, Ti：0.15%,
C：≤ 0.05%, Si：≤ 0.6%, P：≤ 0.02%, S：≤ 0.002%, surplus Fe.
Embodiment 2
(1), 304 stainless steel base preparation technologies are as follows：
1. the Cu elements that mass fraction is 2.0~3.0% are added in 304 stainless steel plates, 0.4~0.5% Nb elements,
0.05~0.1% N element, 0.05~0.1% V element, 750 DEG C are heated in intermediate frequency coreless induction furnace, insulation half
Hour, it is again heated to 1500 DEG C, is incubated 30 minutes；2. molten state pouring molten steel is cut into casting mold according to preliminary dimension；③
The cast panel cut is made annealing treatment at 1090 DEG C, then carries out pickling processes with sulfuric acid；4. heat is moved back into the casting after pickling
Plate carries out cold-rolling treatment, and it is 70% to control reduction ratio；5. the cast panel after progress cold-rolling treatment is carried out at annealing at 1115 DEG C
Reason, then carries out pickling processes with sulfuric acid；6. the cold cast panel moved back after pickling carries out smooth and finishing processing, 304 stainless steels are obtained
Matrix.
(2), the preparation technology of surface reforming layer is as follows：
1. 304 stainless steel bases pre-process.Matrix is washed by deionization, is sanded, polished first, acetone cleans, hot blast
Drying；2. prepared by titanium molybdenum surface reforming layer.Ion is carried out using double glow discharge alloying process stove and oozes Ti-Mo, in argon gas ring
Under border, using 304 stainless steel bases as negative electrode, using titanium maxter alloy as source electrode, adjustment operating air pressure is 38Pa, source voltage is
800V, cathode voltage 500V, the moon-source electrode distance are 18mm, and surface ion is carried out at a temperature of 1100 DEG C and oozes Ti-Mo, then
Gained sample is cooled down with stove, finally obtains the stainless steel of high intensity 304 with alloying surface layer, gained Mo-Ti
Alloying surface thickness degree is 26 μm.By mass percentage, a kind of composition of the stainless steel of high intensity 304 is：Cr：
18%, Ni：8.6%, Mn：0.8%, Cu：2.5%, Nb：0.5%, N：0.07%, V：0.1%, Mo：0.3%, Ti：0.1%,
C：≤ 0.05%, Si：≤ 0.6%, P：≤ 0.02%, S：≤ 0.002%, surplus Fe.
Embodiment 3
(1), 304 stainless steel base preparation technologies are as follows：
1. the Cu elements that mass fraction is 2.0~3.0% are added in 304 stainless steel plates, 0.4~0.5% Nb elements,
0.05~0.1% N element, 0.05~0.1% V element, 750 DEG C are heated in intermediate frequency coreless induction furnace, insulation half
Hour, it is again heated to 1500 DEG C, is incubated 30 minutes；2. molten state pouring molten steel is cut into casting mold according to preliminary dimension；③
The cast panel cut is made annealing treatment at 1100 DEG C, then carries out pickling processes with sulfuric acid；4. heat is moved back into the casting after pickling
Plate carries out cold-rolling treatment, and it is 80% to control reduction ratio；5. the cast panel after progress cold-rolling treatment is carried out at annealing at 1120 DEG C
Reason, then carries out pickling processes with sulfuric acid；6. the cold cast panel moved back after pickling carries out smooth and finishing processing, 304 stainless steels are obtained
Matrix.
(2), the preparation technology of surface reforming layer is as follows：
1. 304 stainless steel bases pre-process.Matrix is washed by deionization, is sanded, polished first, acetone cleans, hot blast
Drying；2. prepared by titanium molybdenum surface reforming layer.Ion is carried out using double glow discharge alloying process stove and oozes Ti-Mo, in argon gas ring
Under border, using 304 stainless steel bases as negative electrode, using titanium maxter alloy as source electrode, adjustment operating air pressure is 35Pa, source voltage is
700V, cathode voltage 400V, the moon-source electrode distance are 15mm, and surface ion is carried out at a temperature of 1050 DEG C and oozes Ti-Mo, then
Gained sample is cooled down with stove, finally obtains the stainless steel of high intensity 304 with alloying surface layer, gained Mo-Ti
Alloying surface thickness degree is 30 μm.By mass percentage, a kind of composition of the stainless steel of high intensity 304 is：Cr：
19%, Ni：8%, Mn：0.5%, Cu：3.0%, Nb：0.45%, N：0.05%, V：0.08%, Mo：0.2%, Ti：0.2%,
C：≤ 0.05%, Si：≤ 0.6%, P：≤ 0.02%, S：≤ 0.002%, surplus Fe.
A kind of performance test of the stainless steel of high intensity 304 of the present invention is according to GB/T4237-2015 standard testings, not enter
304 stainless steels that row surface ion oozes Ti-Mo are control sample, and each embodiment performance test results are as shown in table 1.
The performance of table 1, each embodiment product
General principle, principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
For personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, that described in above-described embodiment and specification is the present invention
Principle, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, these change and
Improvement is both fallen within the range of claimed invention.The protection domain of application claims by appended claims and its
Equivalent defines.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. stainless steel of high intensity 304, it is characterised in that including：304 stainless steel bases；The Mo-Ti alloying layers on the 304 stainless steel base surface are compound in,By mass percentage, its composition is 304 stainless steel base：Cr：17~19%, Ni：8~9%, Mn：0.5~ 1.0%, Cu：2.0~3.0%, Nb：0.4~0.5%, N：0.05~0.1%, V：0.05~0.1%, C：≤ 0.05%, Si： ≤ 0.6%, P：≤ 0.02%, S：≤ 0.002%, surplus Fe.
- 2. the stainless steel of high intensity 304 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the Mo-Ti alloyings layer, The mass percent that Mo compositions account for the stainless steel of high intensity 304 is 0.2~0.3%.
- 3. the stainless steel of high intensity 304 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the Mo-Ti alloyings layer, The mass percent that Ti compositions account for the stainless steel of high intensity 304 is 0.1~0.2%.
- 4. the stainless steel of high intensity 304 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of the Mo-Ti alloyings layer Spend for 20~30 μm.
- 5. a kind of preparation method of the stainless steel of high intensity 304, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：304 stainless steel bases are washed, are sanded, being polished by step (a), acetone cleaning, hot blast drying；Step (b) is under ar gas environment, using double glow discharge alloying process stove, using 304 stainless steel bases as negative electrode, with titanium Molybdenum alloy is source electrode, and carrying out surface ion on the 304 stainless steel base surface oozes Ti-Mo, cools down, obtains high intensity 304 not Become rusty steel.
- 6. preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in step b, the double glow discharge alloying process The operating air pressure of stove is 35~40Pa.
- 7. preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that 304 stainless steel base is made as follows It is standby：Step (s1) added in 304 stainless steel plates mass fraction be 2.0~3.0% Cu, 0.4~0.5% Nb, 0.05~ 0.1% N, 0.05~0.1% V, 750 DEG C are heated in intermediate frequency coreless induction furnace, is incubated, is then heated to for the first time 1500 DEG C, second of insulation, obtain molten state molten steel；Step (s2) cuts molten state pouring molten steel into casting mold；Step (s3) is made annealing treatment the cast panel after cutting, then carries out pickling processes with sulfuric acid；Cast panel after pickling processes is carried out cold-rolling treatment by step (s4)；Step (s5) is made annealing treatment the cast panel after cold-rolling treatment, then carries out pickling processes, smooth and finishing with sulfuric acid Processing, obtains 304 stainless steel bases.
- 8. preparation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in step s3, the temperature of annealing for 1080~ 1100℃。
- 9. preparation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in step s4, the reduction ratio of cold-rolling treatment is 70% ~80%.
- 10. preparation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in step s5, the temperature of annealing for 1110~ 1120℃。
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| CN109023076A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-12-18 | 合肥久新不锈钢厨具有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel and preparation method thereof with anti-ultraviolet function |
| CN110241364A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-17 | 东北大学 | High-strength 304 stainless steel band of modeling nano/submicron grained cold rolling of one kind and preparation method thereof |
| CN112191857A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-01-08 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing iron-based powder by using high-energy-density plasma rotating electrode |
| CN112701388A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-23 | 惠州亿纬创能电池有限公司 | Electrode shell of steel shell button cell, steel shell button cell comprising electrode shell and application of steel shell button cell |
| CN115927937A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-04-07 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Mn (manganese) x Cu (1-x) Damping coating with/Ti double-layer structure and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110241364B (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-03-26 | 东北大学 | High-strength plastic nano/submicron crystal cold-rolled 304 stainless steel strip and preparation method thereof |
| CN112191857A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-01-08 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing iron-based powder by using high-energy-density plasma rotating electrode |
| CN112191857B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-07-06 | 西安欧中材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing iron-based powder by using high-energy-density plasma rotating electrode |
| CN112701388A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-23 | 惠州亿纬创能电池有限公司 | Electrode shell of steel shell button cell, steel shell button cell comprising electrode shell and application of steel shell button cell |
| CN115927937A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-04-07 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Mn (manganese) x Cu (1-x) Damping coating with/Ti double-layer structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN115927937B (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2024-06-11 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Mn (Mn)xCu(1-x)Ti double-layer structure vibration-damping coating and preparation method thereof |
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