CN107593323A

CN107593323A - A kind of implantation methods of Silicon-rich cabbage heart

Info

Publication number: CN107593323A
Application number: CN201710740872.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Foshan Sanshui Charles Agricultural Technology Research Institute (general Partner)
Current assignee: Foshan Sanshui Charles Agricultural Technology Research Institute (general Partner)
Priority date: 2017-08-25
Filing date: 2017-08-25
Publication date: 2018-01-19

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods of Silicon-rich cabbage heart, utilize sand, wood chip and rice chaff, calcium superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate etc. is added to stir, then sprayed with 0.4% formalin, substrate seedling made of disinfection, spraying silicate solutions, in growth period, supplement fertilizer and promote plant growth, there is provided the nutriment needed for plant, so as to obtain Silicon-rich cabbage heart.Silicate solutions are the one or more in sodium metasilicate, potassium silicate, ammonium silicate.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of Silicon-rich cabbage heart

Technical field

The present invention relates to vegetables and fruits planting technology field, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of Silicon-rich cabbage heart.

Background technology

Cabbage heart also known as tender flower stalk, Cruciferae Brassica genus, one, biennial herb plant, it is adapted to sowing on the warm ground in south Area, it is one of special vegetable of south China.Cabbage heart quality is tender, and sweet-bitter flavor is nutritious, edible portion containing protein, Fat, carbohydrate, also containing calcium, phosphorus, iron, carrotene, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C etc., and have it is clearing heat and detoxicating, Sterilization, the function of reducing blood lipid.

Chinese patent《Pollution-free planting technology of Cantonese flowering cabbages》(number of patent application：CN201310201642.3) disclose A kind of non-polluted planting of Guangdong cabbage heart, technique, improves yield, shortens crop cycle；《A kind of cultivation side of the spring vegetable heart Method》(number of patent application：CN201210457105.0 a kind of no insect pest, the cultural method of the eugonic spring vegetable heart) are disclosed, Yield can be improved, makes spring vegetable city's time advance in the heart；They using live method plantation cabbage heart, can make land use tight ；Silicon is one of element needed by human, and their cultural method does not have the trace element increase for making cabbage heart.

The content of the invention

It is micro to solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of implantation methods of Silicon-rich cabbage heart, cabbage heart can not only be improved Yield, moreover it is possible to improve the quality of cabbage heart, cabbage heart is rich in element silicon.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：

A kind of implantation methods of Silicon-rich cabbage heart, comprise the following steps：

(1) seed treatment：Plantation is put and dries 3-4h in the sun, then plantation is placed in 50 DEG C of warm water and soaks 20- 30min, then in 20 DEG C of water 2h is soaked again, it is placed in 15-20 DEG C of vernalization with dipped the binding up with gauze of silicate solutions；

(2) substrate seedling：The matrix prepared is fitted into nutritive cube, is sown into seed, pours permeable, pours a water and silicon per 5d Acid salt solution；

(3) seedling management：25-30 DEG C of temperature is controlled, thinning before rough leaf expansion, when true leaf deploys, applies urea 150kg, can transplant seedlings field planting when cabbage heart has three true leaves；

(4) field planting cultivation：Before field planting, decomposed manure 5000kg, composite fertilizer 50kg, siliceous fertilizer 50kg are applied, site preparation does furrow, will Cabbage heart is colonized by line-spacing 10cm × 15cm, sprinkle root water；

(5) managed after planting：Urea 150kg is applied after Seeding planting, when plant buddings, imposes urea 150-225kg, fine day is early Evening each water drenching once, per 7d sprays a silicate solutions；

(6) harvest：When the tender flower stalk length of cabbage heart is equal to highest blade tip, bud just open, i.e., " neat mouth flower " when It can harvest.

The kind of above-mentioned cabbage heart includes four or nine cabbage hearts, Xiao Gang cabbage hearts, blue or green willow leaf cabbage heart, big bouquet cabbage heart, the green vegetables heart in March.

Above-mentioned steps (1) described silicate solutions are the one or more in sodium metasilicate, potassium silicate, ammonium silicate.

The preparation method of above-mentioned steps (2) described matrix is to be well mixed sand and fermentation wood chip, fermentation rice chaff, is added Calcium superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate stir, and are then sprayed with 0.4% formalin, disinfection.

The ratio of the sand of above-mentioned matrix, wood chip and rice chaff is 1:2:2, calcium superphosphate 1-5 parts of addition, ammonium nitrate 0.5-2 Part, potassium sulfate 0.5-2 parts, magnesium sulfate 0.25-1 parts, silicate 1-2 parts.

Above-mentioned sand is the fine sand in river sand, Mx=2.2-1.6；The fermentation wood chip is to mix wood chip and phosphate fertilizer, night soil Uniform stack retting is closed, plastic covering film, liquid dung stack retting again is drenched toward wood chip surface per 30d, is repeated several times；The fermentation rice chaff is handle Rice chaff heap is in heaps, and grass or other combustibles are herded in bottom, covers soil, lights herbage, allows its spontaneous combustion in soil.

The pH value of above-mentioned matrix is 6.0-7.0.

Also apply micro- fertilizer such as zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, borax before above-mentioned steps (4) described field planting, the siliceous fertilizer is water-soluble The efficient siliceous fertilizer of property, containing water-soluble silica 50%.

The related introduction that the present invention prepares the raw material of matrix is as follows：

Sand：Be be 0.074-5mm through rain drop erosion or the particle diameter formed by rock rolling after rock decay rock particles, River sand be natural stone in its natural state, active force through water collides repeatedly for a long time, rub caused by, its composition is more multiple Miscellaneous, there is certain slickness on surface, and the non-metallic ore more than impurity content, river sand particle is round and smooth, cleaner, wide material sources, river The main component of sand is SiO₂。

Wood chip：Refer to sawdust, the wood shavings powder left during wood processing, contain abundant nutriment in wood chip, wherein Carbon source in wood chip has the monose such as glucose, sucrose, maltose and Shuan Tang, and starch, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin Deng polysaccharide material；Nitrogen source generally comprises protein, amino acid, ammonia, ammonium salt etc.；In wood chip also containing potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron and its His trace element etc..

Rice chaff：Refer to the rice hulls separated during paddy husk rice, its main component is cellulose and lignin, and rice chaff adds The compost in animal waste, have an impact to the nitrogen (ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen) in animal waste, animal waste heap can be adjusted Carbon-nitrogen ratio in fertilizer, the PH of material in compost fermentation is reduced, prevents the volatilization of nitrogen.

Compared with prior art, usefulness of the present invention is：

Silicon-containing material is more in sand, with hydrolyzable after contact with moisture into silicate, is easily absorbed by plants, strengthens the anti-of plant Pest and disease damage ability, lodging tolerance；Wood chip can play moisturizing, ventilative effect, increase and extension fertilizer efficiency, promote plant to increase Production；Rice chaff ash is the ash after rice husk is burnt till, and containing abundant potash fertilizer, is added in compost, and it is good to be allowed to draining, loosing soil, and Add potash fertilizer content, pH value meta-alkalescence.

The present invention prepares matrix plantation cabbage heart using sand, wood chip and rice chaff, can be supplied to the nutrition needed for plant growth Material, the photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of plant are improved, so as to improve growth rate, promote the growth of plant.

For the present invention using discarded crops such as sand, wood chip and rice chaffs, not only wide material sources, cheap, moreover it is possible to reduces romaine lettuce Cost, crop yield is improved, can more be reduced environmental pollution.

Embodiment

In order that the technical means, the inventive features, the objects and the advantages of the present invention are easy to understand, tie below Specific embodiment is closed, the present invention is expanded on further.

Embodiment 1

(1) seed treatment：Seed is put and dries 3h in the sun, then seed is placed in 50 DEG C of warm water and soaks 20min, 2h is soaked in 20 DEG C of water again, 15 DEG C of vernalization are placed in dipped the binding up with gauze of silicate solutions；

(3) seedling management：25 DEG C of temperature is controlled, thinning before rough leaf expansion, when true leaf deploys, applies urea 150kg, Can transplant seedlings field planting when cabbage heart has three true leaves；

(5) managed after planting：Urea 150kg is applied after Seeding planting, when plant buddings, imposes urea 150kg, fine day is sooner or later each Water drenching once, per 7d sprays a silicate solutions；

The ratio of the sand of above-mentioned matrix, wood chip and rice chaff is 1:2:2,0.5 part of 1 part of calcium superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, the sulphur of addition Sour 0.5 part of potassium, 0.25 part of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of silicate.

Above-mentioned sand is the fine sand in river sand, Mx=1.6；The fermentation wood chip is to mix wood chip with phosphate fertilizer, night soil Even stack retting, plastic covering film, liquid dung stack retting again is drenched toward wood chip surface per 30d, is repeated several times；The fermentation rice chaff is rice chaff Heap is in heaps, and grass or other combustibles are herded in bottom, covers soil, lights herbage, allows its spontaneous combustion in soil.

The pH value of above-mentioned matrix is 6.0.

Embodiment 2

(1) seed treatment：Seed is put and dries 3.5h in the sun, then seed is placed in 50 DEG C of warm water and soaked 25min, then 2h is soaked in 20 DEG C of water, it is placed in 18 DEG C of vernalization with dipped the binding up with gauze of silicate solutions；

(3) seedling management：28 DEG C of temperature is controlled, thinning before rough leaf expansion, when true leaf deploys, applies urea 150kg, Can transplant seedlings field planting when cabbage heart has three true leaves；

(5) managed after planting：Urea 150kg is applied after Seeding planting, when plant buddings, imposes urea 200kg, fine day is sooner or later each Water drenching once, per 7d sprays a silicate solutions；

The ratio of the sand of above-mentioned matrix, wood chip and rice chaff is 1:2:2,1 part of 3 parts of calcium superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, the sulfuric acid of addition 1 part of potassium, 0.5 part of magnesium sulfate, 1.5 parts of silicate.

Above-mentioned sand is the fine sand in river sand, Mx=1.8；The fermentation wood chip is to mix wood chip with phosphate fertilizer, night soil Even stack retting, plastic covering film, liquid dung stack retting again is drenched toward wood chip surface per 30d, is repeated several times；The fermentation rice chaff is rice chaff Heap is in heaps, and grass or other combustibles are herded in bottom, covers soil, lights herbage, allows its spontaneous combustion in soil.

The pH value of above-mentioned matrix is 6.5.

Embodiment 3

(1) seed treatment：Seed is put and dries 4h in the sun, then seed is placed in 50 DEG C of warm water and soaks 30min, 2h is soaked in 20 DEG C of water again, 20 DEG C of vernalization are placed in dipped the binding up with gauze of silicate solutions；

(3) seedling management：30 DEG C of temperature is controlled, thinning before rough leaf expansion, when true leaf deploys, applies urea 150kg, Can transplant seedlings field planting when cabbage heart has three true leaves；

(5) managed after planting：Urea 150kg is applied after Seeding planting, when plant buddings, imposes urea 225kg, fine day is sooner or later each Water drenching once, per 7d sprays a silicate solutions；

The ratio of the sand of above-mentioned matrix, wood chip and rice chaff is 1:2:2,2 parts of 5 parts of calcium superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, the sulfuric acid of addition 2 parts of potassium, 1 part of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of silicate.

Above-mentioned sand is the fine sand in river sand, Mx=2.2；The fermentation wood chip is to mix wood chip with phosphate fertilizer, night soil Even stack retting, plastic covering film, liquid dung stack retting again is drenched toward wood chip surface per 30d, is repeated several times；The fermentation rice chaff is rice chaff Heap is in heaps, and grass or other combustibles are herded in bottom, covers soil, lights herbage, allows its spontaneous combustion in soil.

The pH value of above-mentioned matrix is 7.0.

Comparative example 1

Difference with embodiment 1 is, seed is placed in 50 DEG C of warm water and soaks 50min, then soaks 2h in 30 DEG C of water, Bind up with gauze and be placed in 25 DEG C of vernalization；

Comparative example 2

Difference with embodiment 1 is, the matrix prepared is fitted into nutritive cube, is sown into seed, pours permeable, pours one per 5d Secondary water, 20 DEG C of temperature is controlled, thinning before rough leaf expansion, when true leaf deploys, applies urea 100kg, when cabbage heart there are three very Can transplant seedlings field planting during leaf；

Comparative example 3

Difference with embodiment 1 is, the ratio of the sand of matrix, wood chip and rice chaff is 1:1:2, the calcium superphosphate 6 of addition Part, 2.5 parts of ammonium nitrate, 2.5 parts of potassium sulfate, 1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2.5 parts of silicate, the pH value of matrix is 7.5.

Efficacy validation

Select that good permeability, drainage be good, fertile loose neutral soil, according to embodiment 1,2,3 and comparative example 1,2,3 Implantation methods plantation cabbage heart.

As a result it is as follows：

Embodiment	Yield (kg/hm²)	Nitrate (mg/kg)	Vc(mg/100g)	Soluble sugar (%)
					Embodiment 1	1078	1817	45.27	0.75
Embodiment 2	1165	1985	45.67	0.77
					Embodiment 3	1274	1990	46.50	0.80
Comparative example 1	824	1487	40.00	0.67
					Comparative example 2	825	1565	42.07	0.69
Comparative example 3	879	1714	42.50	0.70

It can be seen that by above table, cabbage heart, the kind with comparative example 1,2,3 planted using the implantation methods of embodiment 1,2,3 Plant method is compared, and yield of flowering Chinese cabbage increase, quality improves.

Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously Therefore the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for one of ordinary skill in the art For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention Protect scope.

Claims

1. a kind of implantation methods of Silicon-rich cabbage heart, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

(2) substrate seedling：The matrix prepared is fitted into nutritive cube, is sown into seed, pours permeable, pours a water and silicate per 5d Solution；

(4) field planting cultivation：Before field planting, decomposed manure 5000kg, composite fertilizer 50kg, siliceous fertilizer 50kg are applied, site preparation does furrow, by cabbage heart It is colonized by line-spacing 10cm × 15cm, sprinkle root water；

(5) managed after planting：Urea 150kg is applied after Seeding planting, when plant buddings, imposes urea 150-225kg, fine day is sooner or later each Water drenching once, per 7d sprays a silicate solutions；

(6) harvest：When the tender flower stalk length of cabbage heart is equal to highest blade tip, bud just open, i.e., " neat mouth flower " when can adopt Receive.

2. the implantation methods of a kind of Silicon-rich cabbage heart according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the kind of the cabbage heart includes Four or nine cabbage hearts, Xiao Gang cabbage hearts, blue or green willow leaf cabbage heart, big bouquet cabbage heart, the green vegetables heart in March.

A kind of 3. implantation methods of Silicon-rich cabbage heart according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (1) silicate Solution is the one or more in sodium metasilicate, potassium silicate, ammonium silicate.

4. the implantation methods of a kind of Silicon-rich cabbage heart according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (2) matrix Preparation method is to be well mixed sand and fermentation wood chip, fermentation rice chaff, adds calcium superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate Stir, then sprayed with 0.4% formalin, disinfection.

5. the implantation methods of a kind of Silicon-rich cabbage heart according to claim 4, it is characterised in that sand, the wood chip of the matrix Ratio with rice chaff is 1:2:2, calcium superphosphate 1-5 parts of addition, ammonium nitrate 0.5-2 parts, potassium sulfate 0.5-2 parts, magnesium sulfate 0.25-1 parts, silicate 1-2 parts.

6. the implantation methods of a kind of Silicon-rich cabbage heart according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the sand is thin in river sand Sand, Mx=2.2-1.6；The fermentation wood chip is that wood chip is well mixed into stack retting with phosphate fertilizer, night soil, plastic covering film, often 30d drenches liquid dung stack retting again toward wood chip surface, is repeated several times；The fermentation rice chaff be rice chaff heap is in heaps, bottom herd it is careless or its His combustibles, soil is covered, lights herbage, allow its spontaneous combustion in soil.

7. the implantation methods of a kind of Silicon-rich cabbage heart according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the pH value of the matrix is 6.0-7.0。

8. the implantation methods of a kind of Silicon-rich cabbage heart according to claim 1, it is characterised in that before step (4) field planting Also apply zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, micro- fertilizer such as borax, the siliceous fertilizer is water-soluble high-efficient siliceous fertilizer, containing water-soluble silica 50%.