CN107589046B - Device and method for detecting plastic viscosity of lead plaster - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting plastic viscosity of lead plaster Download PDFInfo
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- CN107589046B CN107589046B CN201710775988.2A CN201710775988A CN107589046B CN 107589046 B CN107589046 B CN 107589046B CN 201710775988 A CN201710775988 A CN 201710775988A CN 107589046 B CN107589046 B CN 107589046B
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- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 101100327917 Caenorhabditis elegans chup-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 28
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011895 specific detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting plastic viscosity of lead plaster. The detection device comprises a detection cup and a detection frame, wherein the bottom of the detection cup is provided with a bottom plate which penetrates through the cup body of the detection cup and can translate, the width of the bottom plate is between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the cup body at the position, and the bottom plate is provided with ventilation holes; the detection frame is provided with a cross beam for supporting the detection cup during detection, the cross beam is provided with a detection hole for allowing lead plaster in the detection cup to pass through, and the diameter of the detection hole is between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the cup mouth of the detection cup. During detection, lead plaster is filled into the detection cup, then the detection cup is reversely buckled on the cross beam, the cup opening is aligned to the detection hole, the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster is characterized by detecting the height of a pile of lead plaster formed after the lead plaster falls down through free falling of the lead plaster, and the higher the plastic viscosity is, the larger the plastic viscosity is. The detected plastic viscosity has strong performance correlation with the actual lead plaster, and the device is used for detecting data accurately, the result is quantized, and the applicability is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lead storage battery production, in particular to a device and a method for detecting plastic viscosity of lead plaster.
Background
The lead accumulator is a chemical power source for converting chemical energy into electric energy, and belongs to a reversible DC power source for storing electric energy by internal chemical reaction or supplying electric power to electric equipment. The lead accumulator consists of polar plate, separator, electrolyte, cell tank, etc. The polar plate is the core part of the lead storage battery, the chemical reaction of the storage battery charge and discharge is mainly carried out by the active substances and the electrolyte on the polar plate, the polar plate is divided into a positive plate and a negative plate, and the positive plate and the negative plate are composed of a grid and the active substances coated on the grid.
The mixing of lead paste is a very critical technological process in the production and manufacture process of lead storage batteries, and is a paste prepared by mixing (stirring) lead powder, pure water, dilute sulfuric acid solution and various additives. An important purpose of the paste mixing process is to mix the various materials uniformly with a suitable phase composition to ensure a battery with high capacity and long life.
The phase of the lead plaster determines the performance of the polar plate, and meanwhile, the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster also determines the filling performance of the lead plaster, so that the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster is an important parameter in the manufacturing process of the lead storage battery.
Semi-solid fluids are widely used in rheology research as bingham models, which use two parameters of yield stress and plastic viscosity to represent rheological properties of materials, wherein the bingham model only adds a value of yield stress into an expression of Newtonian fluid viscosity, the yield stress is the internal friction force at the beginning of fluid flow, an object conforming to the bingham model is solid under the yield stress value and only shows certain elastic deformation, when the stress value is larger than the yield stress, the object becomes Newtonian fluid to flow continuously, and the ratio of the stress value to the shear rate at the moment is called plastic viscosity.
In the prior art, the detection and characterization of the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster mainly comprises the following two methods: 1. the plastic viscosity is reflected indirectly by the penetration test. But the results of the test do not correlate well with the performance of the actual lead plaster. 2. The experienced engineer feels the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster by pinching it with his hands, but the data cannot be used for a relatively accurate quantification.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for detecting plastic viscosity of lead plaster, which can accurately measure the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster, aiming at the defects of the method for detecting the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster in the prior art.
The device comprises a detection cup and a detection frame, wherein the bottom of the detection cup is provided with a bottom plate which penetrates through the cup body of the detection cup and can translate, the width of the bottom plate is between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the cup body at the position, and the bottom plate is provided with ventilation holes; the detection frame is provided with a cross beam for supporting the detection cup during detection, the cross beam is provided with a detection hole for allowing lead plaster in the detection cup to pass through, and the diameter of the detection hole is between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the cup mouth of the detection cup. When the lead paste detection device is used for detecting, firstly, the bottom plate of the detection cup is moved to one side without the air holes, the lead paste to be detected is filled with the detection cup, then the detection cup is reversely buckled on the cross beam, the cup mouth of the detection cup is opposite to the detection hole, then the bottom plate is pulled to enable one side of the air holes to move to a lead paste area, the lead paste falls freely, the height of the falling lead paste is detected, the plastic viscosity of the lead paste is represented through the height value, the plastic viscosity is larger if the height is higher, and the plastic viscosity is smaller if the height is lower.
Preferably, a knob is arranged at the end part of the bottom plate. The handle knob is convenient to move the bottom plate.
Preferably, the inner wall of the detection cup has a taper. The inner wall of the detection cup is designed to have a certain taper, so that the cup mouth is large, and the lead plaster conveniently falls from the detection cup when the lead plaster is reversely buckled.
Preferably, the cross beam is provided with a guide cylinder which is concentric with the detection hole and is matched with the detection cup. The guide cylinder is designed, so that the detection cup is convenient to align with the detection hole.
Further preferably, the difference between the inner diameter of the guide cylinder and the outer diameter of the detection cup is not greater than the difference between the inner diameter of the detection hole and the diameter of the cup mouth of the detection cup. When the difference between the inner diameter of the guide cylinder and the outer diameter of the detection cup is not larger than the difference between the inner diameter of the detection hole and the diameter of the cup mouth of the detection cup, the cup mouth of the detection cup can be conveniently aligned to the detection hole only by putting the cup mouth part of the detection cup after the back-buckling into the guide cylinder.
Preferably, the detection frame further comprises a base, and a column for fixing the cross beam is arranged on the base. The base can be used as a place where the lead plaster falls during detection, and after the lead plaster falls onto the base, a scattered pile is formed, and the height of the pile of lead plaster is measured.
Preferably, the height of the cross beam is 300-500 mm. The height of the cross beam is the falling height of the lead plaster, the falling height of the lead plaster is not too high or too low, the heights of all the lead plaster are smaller when the falling height is too low, and the heights of all the lead plaster are larger when the falling height is too low, so that the sample is not easy to distinguish.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the cup mouth of the detection cup is 20-40 mm, and the depth of the detection cup is 30-50 mm. The size of the detection cup is also required to be proper, the size of the detection cup determines the quantity and the shape of the lead plaster before falling, and the sample is not easy to distinguish under a certain falling height when the quantity of the lead plaster is too large or too small.
The invention also provides a method for detecting the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster by using the detection device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Filling lead plaster into a detection cup;
(2) Reversely buckling the detection cup on the cross beam, and aligning the cup opening with the detection hole;
(3) Pulling the bottom plate to enable the lead plaster to fall freely;
(4) And detecting the height of the falling lead plaster, and representing the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster by the height.
The device for detecting the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster is characterized in that the lead plaster is arranged in the detection cup, the detection cup is reversely buckled on the cross beam of the detection frame, the cup opening is aligned to the detection hole, the lead plaster falls down freely, after the falling height of the lead plaster is fixed, the height of a pile of the lead plaster formed after the falling of the lead plaster is detected, and the higher the plastic viscosity is, the larger the plastic viscosity is. The detected plastic viscosity has strong performance correlation with the actual lead plaster, and the device is used for detecting data accurately, the result is quantized, and the applicability is strong.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the test cup of the present invention when the test cup includes a bottom plate.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the test cup of the present invention without the base plate.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another view of the test cup of the present invention without the base plate.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the direction A-A in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the base plate.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view in the direction B-B of fig. 5.
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a test rack of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of the detection frame of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic top view of the detection frame of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, a device for detecting plastic viscosity of lead plaster comprises a detection cup 1 and a detection frame 2.
The bottom of the detecting cup 1 is provided with an opening 11 penetrating the cup body, and the opening 11 is internally provided with a bottom plate 12 which can translate, namely the bottom plate 12 penetrates the cup body. The width of the bottom plate 12 is between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the cup body at the position, the bottom plate 12 is provided with the air holes 13, the bottom plate is in a strip shape, the air holes 13 are positioned at one side of the bottom plate, and the aperture of the air holes 13 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the cup body at the position of the opening 11, so that one side of the bottom plate 12 without the air holes 13 is matched with the cup body of the detection cup 1 before detection, and the bottom plate can be used for filling lead plaster; during detection, the detection cup 1 needs to be reversely buckled, and the lead plaster is difficult to fall from the detection cup 1 due to certain viscosity, so that the bottom plate 12 is moved to enable the air holes 13 to be aligned with the inside of the cup body, and the lead plaster at the bottom of the cup lacks support, so that the lead plaster can fall from the detection cup 1 freely. Of course, the hole diameter of the ventilation hole 13 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cup body where the opening 11 is located, and the effect is poor.
The end of the base plate 12 is provided with a knob 14. The knob 14 is provided to facilitate movement of the base plate 12. The inner wall of the detection cup 1 has taper. The inner wall of the detection cup 1 is designed to have a certain taper, and the cup mouth is large, so that the lead plaster can conveniently fall from the detection cup 1 when the lead plaster is reversely buckled. The inner diameter of the cup mouth of the detection cup 1 is 20-40 mm, and the depth of the detection cup 1 is 30-50 mm. The size of the detection cup 1 is also required to be proper, the size of the detection cup 1 determines the quantity and the shape of the lead plaster before falling, and the sample is not easy to distinguish under a certain falling height when the quantity of the lead plaster is too large or too small.
The detection frame 2 is provided with a beam 21 for supporting the detection cup 1 during detection, the detection frame 2 further comprises a base 22, and the base 22 is provided with a column 23 for fixing the beam 21. The height of the cross beam 21 is 300-500 mm. The height of the beam 21 is the falling height of the lead plaster, and the falling height of the lead plaster is not too high or too low, and when the falling height is too low, the heights of all the lead plaster are relatively small, and thus, the sample cannot be easily distinguished. The beam 21 is provided with a detection hole 24 for the lead plaster in the detection cup 1 to pass through, and the diameter of the detection hole 24 is between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the cup opening of the detection cup 1.
The cross beam 21 has a guide cylinder 25 arranged concentrically with the detection aperture 24 and cooperating with the detection cup 1. The difference between the inner diameter of the guide cylinder 25 and the outer diameter of the detection cup 1 is not greater than the difference between the inner diameter of the detection hole 24 and the diameter of the cup mouth of the detection cup 1. The guide cylinder 25 is designed to facilitate alignment of the test cup 1 with the test hole 24. When the difference between the inner diameter of the guide cylinder 25 and the outer diameter of the detection cup 1 is not greater than the difference between the inner diameter of the detection hole 24 and the diameter of the cup mouth of the detection cup 1, the cup mouth of the detection cup 1 can be conveniently aligned with the detection hole 24 only by placing the cup mouth part of the detection cup 1 in the guide cylinder 25 after the back-off, and no special attention is required to whether the two parts are aligned.
During detection, firstly, the bottom plate 12 of the detection cup 1 is moved to one side without the air holes 13, the detection cup 1 is filled with lead plaster to be detected, the lead plaster needs to be scraped evenly along the cup opening of the detection cup 1, then the detection cup 1 is reversely buckled in the guide cylinder 25 on the cross beam 21, the cup opening of the detection cup is opposite to the detection hole 24, then the bottom plate 12 is pulled to move one side of the air holes 13 to a lead plaster area, the lead plaster falls on the base 22 freely, after the lead plaster falls on the base, a scattered pile is formed, the height of the lead plaster after falling is detected, the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster is represented by the height value, if the height is higher, the plastic viscosity is larger, and if the height is lower, the plastic viscosity is smaller.
Example 2
The plastic viscosity of the lead plaster was measured using the measuring device in example 1. Wherein, the rim of a cup internal diameter of detecting cup is 30mm, and the bottom of a cup (i.e. bottom plate department) internal diameter is 27mm, detects the degree of depth of cup and is 39mm. The height of the cross beam is 400mm.
The specific detection method comprises the following steps:
(1) Filling the lead plaster into a detection cup, and scraping the lead plaster with a steel plate after filling so as to enable the lead plaster to be flush with a cup opening;
(2) Reversely buckling the detection cup in a guide cylinder on the cross beam, and aligning the cup opening with the detection hole;
(3) Pulling the bottom plate to enable the lead plaster to fall freely;
(4) The height of the lead plaster after falling is detected by using a vernier caliper, and the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster is characterized by the height.
The specific lead plaster is detected according to the empirical value and a plurality of samples with different plastic viscosities, and the detection results of the samples are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Numbering device | Plastic viscosity (i.e. the height of the lead plaster after falling) |
| 1 | 26mm |
| 2 | 27mm |
| 3 | 30mm |
| 4 | 32mm |
| 5 | 34mm |
Example 3
The lead plaster coated plates numbered 1, 3 and 5 in example 2 were fabricated into electrode plates and prepared into lead storage batteries 6-DZM-20, and then the battery capacity and cycle life were tested.
The battery capacity was measured according to the 2hr capacity test in national standard GB/T22199-2008, 6.6, ambient temperature 25 ℃, 3 batteries each, and the measured data are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Cycle life test the test was carried out according to the cycle life test in national standard GB/T22199-2008, 6.1.2, each of which tests 1 battery, and the test data are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Numbering device | Cycle life (times) |
| 1 | 337 |
| 3 | 556 |
| 5 | 450 |
According to the experimental result, the lead plaster with the number of 1 has lower plastic viscosity, softer lead plaster and difficult coating, and is easy to generate the phenomenon of paste collapse, and the capacity of the lead plaster in a battery capacity test reaches the national standard, but the cycle life of the lead plaster is only 337 times and is not 350 times which meet the requirements of the national standard. The lead plaster with the number of 5 has higher plastic viscosity, harder lead plaster, easy occurrence of smear unsaturation, rib leakage and the like in smears, and longer cycle life reaching 450 times, but the battery capacity is only 19.83ah and cannot meet the factory standard requirement. Only when the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster is in a proper range, the battery capacity and the cycle life can reach the standards. The detection device and the detection method can conveniently and accurately detect the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster.
Claims (5)
1. The method for detecting the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster by using the detection device of the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster is characterized by comprising a detection cup and a detection frame, wherein the bottom of the detection cup is provided with a bottom plate which penetrates through the cup body of the detection cup and can translate, the width of the bottom plate is between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the cup body at the position, the bottom plate is provided with ventilation holes, and the pore diameter of the ventilation holes is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the cup body of the detection cup; the detection frame is provided with a cross beam for supporting the detection cup during detection, the height of the cross beam is 300-500 mm, the cross beam is provided with a detection hole for allowing lead plaster in the detection cup to pass through, the diameter of the detection hole is between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the cup opening of the detection cup,
the beam is provided with a guide cylinder which is arranged concentrically with the detection hole and is matched with the detection cup, the difference value between the inner diameter of the guide cylinder and the outer diameter of the detection cup is not larger than the difference value between the inner diameter of the detection hole and the cup opening diameter of the detection cup,
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Filling lead plaster into a detection cup;
(2) Reversely buckling the detection cup on the cross beam, and aligning the cup opening with the detection hole;
(3) Pulling the bottom plate to enable the lead plaster to fall freely;
(4) And detecting the height of the falling lead plaster, and representing the plastic viscosity of the lead plaster by the height.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the end of the base plate is provided with a knob.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the test cup has a taper.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the test rack further comprises a base having a post for securing the cross member.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the rim of the test cup is 20-40 mm and the depth of the test cup is 30-50 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710775988.2A CN107589046B (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2017-08-31 | Device and method for detecting plastic viscosity of lead plaster |
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| CN201710775988.2A CN107589046B (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2017-08-31 | Device and method for detecting plastic viscosity of lead plaster |
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| CN107589046B true CN107589046B (en) | 2023-12-01 |
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| CN114383974A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-04-22 | 中南大学 | Device and method for measuring viscosity of low-fluidity paste |
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Address after: 313100 Meishan Town Industrial Park, Changxing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province Applicant after: TIANNENG BATTERY GROUP Co.,Ltd. Address before: 313100 Coal Mountain Industrial Park, Changxing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province Applicant before: TIANNENG BATTERY GROUP Co.,Ltd. |
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