CN107586962B - A kind of reuse method of dedusting ash containing zinc - Google Patents
A kind of reuse method of dedusting ash containing zinc Download PDFInfo
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- CN107586962B CN107586962B CN201710743451.8A CN201710743451A CN107586962B CN 107586962 B CN107586962 B CN 107586962B CN 201710743451 A CN201710743451 A CN 201710743451A CN 107586962 B CN107586962 B CN 107586962B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of reuse methods of dedusting ash containing zinc, will contain zinc dedusting ash and be passed through air classification-wind magnetic separation system, and separate big granularity dedusting ash to obtain selection by winnowing iron ore concentrate by air classification；It separates the magnetic material in fine granularity dedusting ash to obtain magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate by magnetic separation；Selection by winnowing iron ore concentrate and the sintering of magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate straight gyrus, smelting procedure use；The dry tail ash that bag filter traps is zinc-rich tailing, as mentioning zinc raw material；The mixed solution of ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride is prepared as leaching solvent；Zinc-rich tailing and leaching solvent mixing, stirring, filtering, obtain leachate and tailings；Leachate electrolysis mentions zinc, and obtained zinc metal sheet passes through founding again and zinc ingot metal is made.The present invention passes through air classification-wind magnetic separation dry separation craft combination wet process Zn extraction process, by in dedusting ash containing zinc zinc and iron extract, solve the problems, such as existing dezincification method as in dedusting ash containing zinc Zn content fluctuation it is big and caused by the wasting of resources, energy waste, processing cost performance it is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Metallurgical Solid Wastes technical field of comprehensive utilization, more particularly to a kind of dedusting ash containing zinc recycling side
Method.
Background technique
Steel smelting procedure each process can all generate a large amount of dirt mud, since there is dirt mud certain reuse to be worth, steel
Enterprise returns to sintering generally as secondary raw material and utilizes.Currently, be continuously increased with solid waste caused by steel industry,
Environmental protection problem highlights increasingly.Moreover, the recycling in sintering with these solid waste, harmful element is constantly enriched with,
Quality and process direct motion to sinter cause to significantly affect.
Currently, domestic recycling of many iron and steel enterprises by zinc-containing dust, sludge in sintering system, causes Zn-ef ficiency
Serious enrichment, Zn-ef ficiency, which is brought into, brings significant damage to smelting, mainly has: 1. forming accretion at positions such as furnace throat clinker tiles.②
Dross will lead to upper blast furnace Gas Flow disorder in the furnace generated due to zinc aggregation, hanging occurs and collapses material phenomenon.3. destroying furnace lining
Shell of blast furnace is caused to crack.4. being condensed in blast furnace gas ascending pipe, gathering and cause to rise pipe choking.5. sinking at blast-furnace tuyere
Product causes brick body loose refractory material erosion, and air port is caused to upwarp or damaged.6. coke ratio is caused to rise, the saturating of stock column is reduced
Gas.7. stokehold operating environment is severe, poor visibility.It is carried out at processing therefore, it is necessary to which zinc-containing dust, sludge are separated
Reason.How to turn waste into wealth, these dust, sludge are subjected to recycling and harmless treatment, reduces environmental pollution, has become steel
The extremely urgent problem of iron enterprise.On the other hand, China is a big steel country, metallurgical solid waste largely abandon or outlet causes
The a large amount of wasting of resources, recovery processing and recycles and also complies with China's Green Sustainable strategic requirement.
In the 1970s, beginning to the correlative study of Zn, Pb, Fe in recycling Ferrous Metallurgy solid waste both at home and abroad, most
Closely also there is related process report.As people are to the pay attention to day by day of environmental problem, how rational exploitation and utilization dedusting ash more causes
The great attention of enterprise and environmental protection administration.External such as Japan, the U.S. pay much attention to the recycling of dust, sludge, by
Professional chemical plant is handled, and recycling has been tended to.The utilization of metallurgical dust, sludge includes: that metal recovery is used ion exchange
Resin system prepares extreme high purity iron oxide, for doing smart pigment, magnetic material, catalyst etc..
Hu Xiaohong et al. delivers the article of entitled " research of blast furnace gas mud comprehensive utilization ", uses magnetic separation-shaking table for most
Good process flow.Test gained iron ore concentrate all iron content is greater than 62%.Zhang Hanquan et al. delivers entitled " Blast Furnace gas mud iron
Recovery process experimental study " article, can get smart mud yield 31.8l%, iron content product using two sections of gravity separation technology flow processings
Position 61.51%, the more satisfactory index that iron recovery is 51.64%.Cheng Haifang et al. deliver it is entitled " blast furnace gas ash it is comprehensive
Close utilize " article, it is flotation combined using weight one, the iron concentrate grade selected can be made to reach 47%~20%, the rate of recovery reaches
49.24%.Pan Guotai et al. delivers the article of entitled " brief talk blast furnace dust and propose carbon iron-extracting process science and technology ", using gravity treatment and weak
The technique of the last one magnetic collocation recycles the iron in gas ash, obtains preferable treatment effect, from returning resource maximumlly
It receives and utilizes.Zhang Meifang et al. delivers the article of entitled " recycling blast furnace of Baoshan Iron & Steel Co. gas mud with beneficiation method ", uses in laboratory
Flotation-magnetic separation or the flotation combined flow processing blast furnace of Baoshan Iron & Steel Co. dust of magnetic separation-can obtain the iron ore concentrate of iron content 60%, while recycling contains
The carbon powder of carbon 67%.The above several method is the method that several physical methods deviate from zinc in dedusting ash, and technique is relatively simple, processing
Cost is relatively low, but iron recovery is too low in treatment process, and treatment effect is not significant enough, and due to dedusting ash in treatment process
Ingredient fluctuates the waste that will cause water resource, medicament resource etc..
Entitled " direct-reduction of steel plant's zinc-containing dust rotary hearth furnace and the dezincification experimental study " that Wang Jingsong et al. is delivered uses
Carbon-burdened pellet is made in steel plant's zinc-containing dust, and simulation rotary hearth furnace restores 10min, gold under the conditions of 1300 DEG C and neutral atmosphere
Belong to rate up to 80%, dezinc degree is up to 97%；Entitled " zinc, lead and the removing behavior of alkali gold in metallurgical dust that She Xuefeng et al. is delivered
Research " use iron and steel enterprise's zinc-containing dust that carbonaceous pelletizing is made, rotary hearth furnace test is simulated under the high temperature conditions, is 1 in carbon-to-oxygen ratio,
Degree of metalization is greater than 70% when restoring 15min under the conditions of 1250-1300 DEG C of temperature, and dezinc degree reaches 93.4%-98.8%.Horse sunlight etc.
Entitled " the blast furnace dust dezincification, de- lead basic research based on roasting experiment " of human hair table removes blast furnace dust using pyrogenic process
In zinc, explore and analyze the factors such as calcining time, maturing temperature, basicity and chloride additive level to dezincification effect
Affecting laws, optimize pyrogenic process dezincification parameter.These methods handle Zinc-Bearing Wastes significant effect, but rotary hearth furnace process processing contains zinc
Dirt mud one-time investment is huge, and cost and energy consumption are excessively high, and economic benefit is not significant, more difficult big in today of iron and steel enterprise's meagre profit
Area promotes and applies.
The article of entitled " blast furnace dust ammonia soaks dezincification " that Zhu Rongsun et al. is delivered, research are made using ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride
Deviate from the zinc in blast furnace dust for leaching agent.Best extract technology condition are as follows: after liquid-solid ratio 4:1 mixing, adopt at room temperature
3h is stirred with the speed of 600r/min.With this condition, zinc leaching rate is up to 89%.The method mentions zinc solution process compared to pyrogenic process
Process is simple, and scale of investment is smaller, and processing cost is lower, and dezincification significant effect.But due to Zn content in blast furnace dust
Fluctuation range is larger in addition the different blast furnace dusts of same steel mill in Zn content differ 30 times or more.Deviate from using this scheme
When zinc in low zinc gas ash, inevitably cause to result in waste of resources with addition of leaching agent excess.So in industrial processes
Since the fluctuation of gas ash zinc content brings difficulty to the amount of allocating of leaching agent.
The article of entitled " from the experimental study of blast furnace dust recycling iron " of the superfine human hair table of Zhao Rui, research is using weak
The method of the strong magnetic two-stage magnetic separation of magnetic-by gas ash iron mineral and zinc mineral separate, then by magnetic roasting process by gas
Zinc in ash is further backing out, and is finally obtained grade 60.7%, the iron ore concentrate of the rate of recovery 70%.The process program by magnetic separation with
Pyrogenic process dezincification process integration gets up, and achieves preferable treatment effect, and more have compared to simple pyrogenic process dezincification technique
Economy, but the strong magnetic two-stage gradient magnetic separation effect of weak magnetic-needs to be further increased, and take off there are still pyrogenic process that lead energy consumption is high to ask
Topic.The processing reuse method of dedusting ash containing zinc, which is summed up mainly, at present physical method, pyrogenic process and wet process, in the prior art generally
It is combined using one of three kinds of methods or any two kinds.Affected by many factors, Zn content fluctuates in dedusting ash containing zinc
It is huge, and in existing method, the generally existing treatment effect of single alternative is undesirable or energy consumption and resource consumption it is big, processing cost is high
The disadvantages of, and a kind of efficient, low investment, low energy consumption, low cost and special for various composition are also not yet found in integrated processes
The generally applicable treating method of the dedusting ash of point.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of reuse methods of dedusting ash containing zinc, pass through air classification-wind magnetic separation dry separation craft
In conjunction with wet process Zn extraction process, by dedusting ash containing zinc zinc and iron extract, solve existing dezincification method due to removing containing zinc
In dust Zn content fluctuation it is big and caused by the wasting of resources, energy waste, low processing cost performance the problems such as；Method is simple, economical
It is practical, and considerable economic benefit can be created.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented with the following technical solutions:
A kind of reuse method of dedusting ash containing zinc, includes the following steps:
(1) dry separation, using air classification+wind magnetic separation dry separation technique；
1) zinc dedusting ash will be contained and be passed through air classification-wind magnetic separation system, i.e., zinc dedusting ash will be contained by air blower and be blown into
In air duct, the big granularity dedusting ash of d >=25 μm is separated by air classification in first segment air duct, obtains selection by winnowing iron essence
Mine；
2) 25 μm of fine granularity dedusting ash of d < proceed into second segment air duct, and second segment sets concentration equipment in air duct, lead to
It crosses wind magnetic separation to separate the magnetic material in fine granularity dedusting ash, obtains magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate；
3) air duct is not continued through by the fine granularity dedusting ash that concentration equipment traps, eventually enters into the cloth bag of air duct tail end
Deduster collects；
4) the selection by winnowing iron ore concentrate and magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate isolated by air classification and wind magnetic separation directly return to sintering, smelting
Process is refined to use；The dry tail ash that bag filter traps is zinc-rich tailing, as mentioning zinc raw material；
(2) zinc oxide is produced using zinc-rich tailing:
1) mixed solution of ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride is prepared as leaching solvent；Zinc-rich tailing and leaching solvent are according to solid-liquid matter
It is stirred after measuring the ratio mixing than 1:3~4；
2) mud being stirred is filtered, obtains leachate and tailings；
3) electrolysis of obtained leachate is mentioned into zinc, obtained zinc metal sheet passes through founding again and zinc ingot metal is made.
When the air classification, the air quantity in air duct is 160~270m3/ min, wind pressure are 2000~2800Pa, dedusting ash
Charging rate is 320~350kg/h.
The magnetic field strength of the concentration equipment is 8000~11000Oe.
The concentration of ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride is 2.35~2.80mol/L in the leaching solvent.
After the zinc-rich tailing and leaching solvent mixing when stirring, agitator speed is 200~400 revs/min, when stirring
Between 2.5~3.5 hours.
When the leachate electrolysis mentions zinc, temperature is 40~50 DEG C, and current density is 380~400A/m2, tank voltage is
2.8~3V.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) technique that lead is mentioned by air classification+wind magnetic separation+wet process, solves existing treatment process due to dedusting containing zinc
In ash Zn content fluctuation it is big and caused by the wasting of resources, energy waste, low processing cost performance the problems such as；
2) it reduces Zn-ef ficiency and all kinds of harm of bring is produced to smelting；
3) selection by winnowing iron ore concentrate and magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate directly return to sintering, smelting procedure uses, and full iron yield is high；
4) will contain zinc dedusting ash turns waste into wealth, and creates considerable economic value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of process flow chart of reuse method of dedusting ash containing zinc of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawing:
As shown in Figure 1, one kind reuse method of dedusting ash containing zinc of the present invention, includes the following steps:
(1) dry separation, using air classification+wind magnetic separation dry separation technique；
1) zinc dedusting ash will be contained and be passed through air classification-wind magnetic separation system, i.e., zinc dedusting ash will be contained by air blower and be blown into
In air duct, the big granularity dedusting ash of d >=25 μm is separated by air classification in first segment air duct, obtains selection by winnowing iron essence
Mine；
2) 25 μm of fine granularity dedusting ash of d < proceed into second segment air duct, and second segment sets concentration equipment in air duct, lead to
It crosses wind magnetic separation to separate the magnetic material in fine granularity dedusting ash, obtains magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate；
3) air duct is not continued through by the fine granularity dedusting ash that concentration equipment traps, eventually enters into the cloth bag of air duct tail end
Deduster collects；
4) the selection by winnowing iron ore concentrate and magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate isolated by air classification and wind magnetic separation directly return to sintering, smelting
Process is refined to use；The dry tail ash that bag filter traps is zinc-rich tailing, as mentioning zinc raw material；
(2) zinc oxide is produced using zinc-rich tailing:
1) mixed solution of ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride is prepared as leaching solvent；Zinc-rich tailing and leaching solvent are according to solid-liquid matter
It is stirred after measuring the ratio mixing than 1:3~4；
2) mud being stirred is filtered, obtains leachate and tailings；
3) electrolysis of obtained leachate is mentioned into zinc, obtained zinc metal sheet passes through founding again and zinc ingot metal is made.
When the air classification, the air quantity in air duct is 120~180m3/ min, wind pressure are 1500~1850Pa, dedusting ash
Charging rate is 280~300kg/h.
The magnetic field strength of the concentration equipment is 9000~12000Oe.
The concentration of ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride is 2.35~2.80mol/L in the leaching solvent.
After the zinc-rich tailing and leaching solvent mixing when stirring, agitator speed is 200~400 revs/min, when stirring
Between 2.5~3.5 hours.
When the leachate electrolysis mentions zinc, temperature is 40~50 DEG C, and current density is 380~400A/m2, tank voltage is
2.8~3V.
Following embodiment is implemented under the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention, gives detailed embodiment and tool
The operating process of body, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.Method therefor is such as without spy in following embodiments
Not mentionleting alone bright is conventional method.
[embodiment 1]
Take No. 5 blast furnaces of certain steel mill sample of dedusting ash containing zinc 100kg.Dry separation is carried out first, opens selection by winnowing hierarchy system
Air blower adjusts pipeline wind pressure to 2800Pa, adjusts magnetic field strength to 11000Oe, will contain zinc dedusting ash sample and wind-force-magnetic is added
In power dry separation system, charging rate 320kg/h is collected into selection by winnowing iron ore concentrate, magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate and zinc-rich tailing.
The mixed solution of ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride is prepared as leaching solvent, the concentration of ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride is 2.5mol/
L；Zinc-rich tailing is mixed with prepared leaching solvent by solid-liquid mass ratio 1:4, blender stirs under 400r/min revolving speed
3.5h, filtering, the mud after stirring is separated by solid-liquid separation.
Filtrate is warming up to 50 DEG C, in current density 400A/m2, electrolysis is carried out under the conditions of tank voltage 3V and mentions zinc, to obtaining
Zinc metal sheet carry out chemical analysis.
Through testing and analyzing, the component content of the dedusting ash containing zinc is as shown in table 1:
1 ash component of dedusting containing zinc wt% of table
| TFe | Zn | Pb | K | Na | Cl | |
| Dedusting ash containing zinc | 40.45 | 8.55 | 0.79 | 1.31 | 0.33 | 0.88 |
The product Contents of Main Components that each step obtains is as shown in table 2:
2 product composition data wt% of table
| TFe | Zn | Pb | K | Na | Cl | |
| Selection by winnowing iron ore concentrate | 60.28 | 0.62 | 0.12 | 0.34 | 0.08 | 0.20 |
| Magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate | 57.93 | 0.67 | 0.07 | 0.28 | 0.10 | 0.19 |
| Zinc-rich tailing | 12.18 | 30.50 | 1.94 | 2.86 | 0.65 | 1.91 |
| Zinc metal sheet | - | 99.97 | - | - | - | - |
[embodiment 2]
Take No. 10 blast furnaces of certain steel mill sample of dedusting ash containing zinc 100kg.Dry separation is carried out first, opens selection by winnowing hierarchy system
Air blower adjusts pipeline wind pressure to 2200Pa, adjusts magnetic field strength to 10000Oe, will contain zinc dedusting ash sample and wind-force-magnetic is added
In power dry separation system, charging rate 330kg/h is collected into selection by winnowing iron ore concentrate, magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate and zinc-rich tailing.
The mixed solution of ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride is prepared as leaching solvent, the concentration of ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride is 2.35mol/
L；Zinc-rich tailing is mixed with prepared leaching solvent by solid-liquid mass ratio 2:7, blender stirs under 200r/min revolving speed
3h, filtering, the mud after stirring is separated by solid-liquid separation.
Filtrate is warming up to 45 DEG C, in current density 390A/m2, electrolysis is carried out under the conditions of tank voltage 2.9V mentions zinc, to
The zinc metal sheet arrived carries out chemical analysis.
Through testing and analyzing, the component content of the dedusting ash containing zinc is as shown in table 3:
3 ash component of dedusting containing zinc wt% of table
| TFe | Zn | Pb | K | Na | Cl | |
| Dedusting ash containing zinc | 39.51 | 12.65 | 0.86 | 1.40 | 0.31 | 0.95 |
The product Contents of Main Components that each step obtains is as shown in table 4:
4 product composition data wt% of table
| TFe | Zn | Pb | K | Na | Cl | |
| Selection by winnowing iron ore concentrate | 58.85 | 0.74 | 0.17 | 0.46 | 0.11 | 0.37 |
| Magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate | 56.23 | 0.74 | 0.12 | 0.36 | 0.05 | 0.29 |
| Zinc-rich tailing | 12.36 | 28.52 | 2.02 | 2.77 | 0.81 | 1.69 |
| Zinc metal sheet | - | 99.89 | - | - | - | - |
[embodiment 3]
Take No. 2 blast furnaces of certain steel mill sample of dedusting ash containing zinc 100kg.Dry separation is carried out first, opens selection by winnowing hierarchy system
Air blower adjusts pipeline wind pressure to 2000Pa, adjusts magnetic field strength to 9500Oe, will contain zinc dedusting ash sample and wind-force-magnetic is added
In power dry separation system, charging rate 350kg/h is collected into selection by winnowing iron ore concentrate, magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate and zinc-rich tailing.
The mixed solution of ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride is prepared as leaching solvent, the concentration of ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride is 2.8mol/
L；Zinc-rich tailing is mixed with prepared leaching solvent by solid-liquid mass ratio 1:3, is stirred under blender 300r/min revolving speed
2.5h, filtering, the mud after stirring is separated by solid-liquid separation.
Filtrate is warming up to 40 DEG C, in current density 380A/m2, electrolysis is carried out under the conditions of tank voltage 2.8V mentions zinc, to
The zinc metal sheet arrived carries out chemical analysis.
Through testing and analyzing, the component content of the dedusting ash containing zinc is as shown in table 5:
5 ash component of dedusting containing zinc wt% of table
| TFe | Zn | Pb | K | Na | Cl | |
| Dedusting ash containing zinc | 39.64 | 12.66 | 0.90 | 1.33 | 0.30 | 0.94 |
The product Contents of Main Components that each step obtains is as shown in table 6:
6 product composition data wt% of table
| TFe | Zn | Pb | K | Na | Cl | |
| Selection by winnowing iron ore concentrate | 57.26 | 0.85 | 0.31 | 0.31 | 0.09 | 0.40 |
| Magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate | 58.93 | 0.72 | 0.17 | 0.29 | 0.14 | 0.25 |
| Zinc-rich tailing | 10.86 | 29.19 | 2.10 | 2.63 | 0.58 | 1.87 |
| Zinc metal sheet | - | 99.93 | - | - | - | - |
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of reuse method of dedusting ash containing zinc, which comprises the steps of:
(1) dry separation, using air classification+wind magnetic separation dry separation technique；
1) zinc dedusting ash will be contained and be passed through air classification-wind magnetic separation system, i.e., zinc dedusting ash will be contained by air blower and be blown into air duct
In, the big granularity dedusting ash of d >=25 μm is separated by air classification in first segment air duct, obtains selection by winnowing iron ore concentrate；
When air classification, the air quantity in air duct is 160~270m3/ min, wind pressure are 2000~2800Pa, and dedusting ash charging rate is
320~350kg/h；
2) 25 μm of fine granularity dedusting ash of d < proceed into second segment air duct, and second segment sets concentration equipment in air duct, passes through wind
Magnetic separation separates the magnetic material in fine granularity dedusting ash, obtains magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate；The magnetic field strength of concentration equipment is
8000~11000Oe；
3) air duct is not continued through by the fine granularity dedusting ash that concentration equipment traps, eventually enters into the bag-type dust of air duct tail end
Device collects；
4) the selection by winnowing iron ore concentrate and magnetic separation of iron ore concentrate isolated by air classification and wind magnetic separation directly return to sintering, smelter
Sequence uses；The dry tail ash that bag filter traps is zinc-rich tailing, as mentioning zinc raw material；
(2) zinc oxide is produced using zinc-rich tailing:
1) mixed solution of ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride is prepared as leaching solvent；Zinc-rich tailing and leaching solvent are according to solid-liquid mass ratio
It is stirred after the ratio mixing of 1:3~4；
2) mud being stirred is filtered, obtains leachate and tailings；
3) electrolysis of obtained leachate is mentioned into zinc, obtained zinc metal sheet passes through founding again and zinc ingot metal is made.
2. one kind reuse method of dedusting ash containing zinc according to claim 1, which is characterized in that ammonia in the leaching solvent
The concentration of water and ammonium chloride is 2.35~2.80mol/L.
3. one kind reuse method of dedusting ash containing zinc according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the zinc-rich tailing and leaching
When stirring after solvent mixing out, agitator speed is 200~400 revs/min, mixing time 2.5~3.5 hours.
4. one kind reuse method of dedusting ash containing zinc according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the leachate electrolysis mentions
When zinc, temperature is 40~50 DEG C, and current density is 380~400A/m2, tank voltage is 2.8~3V.
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| CN107586962A (en) | 2018-01-16 |
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