CN107578158A - A kind of Order Scheduling optimization method suitable for manufacturing works - Google Patents
A kind of Order Scheduling optimization method suitable for manufacturing works Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to production control technology field, and in particular to a kind of Order Scheduling optimization method suitable for manufacturing works, specifically include following steps：Enterprise order information input enterprise resource planning ERP or Master Product Schedule are classified and optimized by S1, obtain original order dispensing plan；S2 establishes the drum planning optimization model of order, obtains setting time SDS and the optimization deadline of each short-term plan of sub- order different in enterprise order information；S3 is scheduled according to the sub- order for setting time SDS to launch in the works original order；S4 operations " drum snub rope " DBR logics, the order dispensing plan after being optimized.The resources of production that the method for the present invention can avoid bringing by the instant dynamic change of order waste, the defects of resource waits, order release sequence is unreasonable caused by traditional ERP/MPS plans can also be overcome, the resources of production can maximumlly be utilized, reduce stock, be very suitable for intelligentized workshop.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to production control technology field, more particularly, to a kind of Order Scheduling suitable for manufacturing works
Optimization method.
Background technology
Under present market environment, can timely meet diversified customer demand be manufacturing enterprise core it is competing
Power is striven, but the variation of product demand and the punctual of product consign to manufacturing enterprise and bring challenge.Enterprise is in order to survive down
Come, it is necessary to the customer order in production equipment is carried out effectively to plan and dispatch, to meet the needs of client on time, reduced
Delay.Enterprise Resources Planning (Enterprise Resource Planning, abbreviation ERP)/main life of most of manufacturing enterprises
Production plan (Master Production Schedule, abbreviation MPS) is for planning higher level customer order plan.
Capabilities plan is to be carried out for the planned time cycle in the way of hierarchical.What is formulated at first is one rough long-term
Plan, followed by mid-term plan, are finally to formulate corresponding short-term plan over time (referring to patent US2005/
0114202A1)。
On the one hand, coarse cutting method is estimated that in the specified period client that preceding needs manufacture at hand
Order.Here cycle can be the moon or year in long-term plan, and it depends on the product type of its production.Long-term ERP meters
Draw and can be used for formulating mid-term plan, short-term plan then be used to provide the order for needing to produce in the short-term plan cycle.In short term
Planning cycle can be one day or a week, and this depends on the productive temp of product.In most of manufacturing enterprises, ERP/
MPS plans are for launching customer order to workshop, so as to produce the production needed for short-term plan week interim paln
Product.In the same short-term plan cycle, workshop is based on customer order and launches production order.However, installation prepares and material is matched somebody with somebody
It is that the production order based on the same short-term plan cycle releases news determination to send the time, and which results in resource wait.
On the other hand, ERP/MPS plans are determined based on the rough estimate launched to ability and production order, wherein
Ability and production order to launch be to launch to consider that different clients being consolidated based on the planned order in the same short-term plan cycle again
Determine what is determined after demand.However, some uncertain factors in the short-term plan cycle result in the changes in demand of client.Sometimes
Client can increase new product demand in previously given order and insert rush order, it is desirable in current short-term plan
Handled in cycle.If it is the fixed demand determination in planned order impression information to produce order and launch, then
Sometimes client, which cancels an order, will result in the low utilization of resources.Therefore, by the plan of ERP/MPS generations without too big
Meaning, resource is simultaneously underused based on the production schedule that the ERP/MPS Order Schedulings generated are formulated, and also need to add
Class creates a large amount of Work in Process in workshop.In addition, because order is cancelled major part in the short-term plan cycle
The capacity consistency resource (capacity constraint resource, CCR) in workshop can be not fully utilized, therefore formulate
The production schedule be not enough to order of being hit the target within the required short-term plan cycle.
In addition, in most of manufacturing enterprises, production order dispensing plan is determined based on simple rule, such as
The EDD, FIFO, SPT commonly used in workshop.These rules are that the information of arrival time or friendship phase based on order determine,
When producing order to launch is formulated for product diversity, this rule cannot provide optimal resource scheduling scheme.
In CCR resources, the production of different cultivars product is needed to adjust switching time, and the most set-up time, which is that sequence is related, to be set
Put the time (SDS).However, the SDS times in this rule on CCR are not accounted for into, therefore, according to simple rule
The production order release sequence that (such as EDD, FIFO, SPT rule) determines can not be given at production order meter optimal on CCR
Draw.
Launched moreover, planned order in the short-term plan cycle is launched to be used to set up producing order, and under not considering
Tomorrow requirement in one short-term plan cycle.This can limit CCR utilization rate, once the order that planned order is launched can be with
Completed before the short-term plan cycle, CCR will be not fully utilized.
For above-mentioned technical problem, there is presently no seeing complete set, efficient, convenient Order Scheduling optimization method,
How above-mentioned technological difficulties are solved, and more accurately producing order for the generation of each planned order launches plan, so as to ensure maximum
CCR is utilized to limit, is the problem to be solved in the present invention.
The content of the invention
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of ordering suitable for manufacturing works
Single plan optimization method, wherein by Enterprise Resources Planning (Enterprise Resource Planning, abbreviation ERP)/
The order of MPS (Master Production Schedule, abbreviation MPS) system generation launches the basis of plan
On, the defects of presence for ERP/MPS systems, select suitable optimization system optimization original order to launch plan, and combine
DBR logics are further compared and optimized, according to real-time capacity consistency resource (capacity constraint
Resource, CCR) situation adjustment short-term plan, and then the Order Scheduling after being optimized, this method can avoid order from taking
Disappear or Equipment caused by the resources of production that bring of order temporary variations waste, additionally it is possible to overcome traditional ERP/MPS to plan
Caused by resource wait, the defects of order release sequence is unreasonable, can maximumlly utilize the resources of production, reduction stock, ten
Divide and be applied to intelligentized workshop.
To achieve the above object, according to the invention provides a kind of Order Scheduling optimization method suitable for manufacturing works,
Characterized in that, this method specifically includes following steps：
Enterprise order information input enterprise resource planning ERP/Master Product Schedule is classified and optimized by S1, is obtained
Original order launches plan and planned production cycle, and the order is launched includes several long-term plan in the works, each long-term
Plan is divided into several short-term plans after decomposing layer by layer；
S2 establishes the drum planning optimization model of order, and enterprise order information is inputted into the Optimized model, excellent from the order
Change the setting time SDS that sub- order different in enterprise order information is acquired in model, and according to capacity consistency resource CCR
Obtain the optimization deadline that the order in step S1 launches each short-term plan in the works；
The sub- order that S3 is launched in the works according to setting time SDS obtained in step S2 to original order is scheduled,
Adjust the order that original order launches plan neutron order product；
S4 implements the order after adjustment and launches plan, when each short-term plan is implemented, by the short-term plan from step S2
Optimized model in the planned production cycle of the short-term plan of optimization deadline for obtaining with being obtained in step S1 compared
It is right, " drum-buffering-rope " DBR logics, and then the order dispensing after being optimized are run to the short-term plan according to comparison result
Plan.
Drum+buffering+rope method, also referred to as DBR Round-robin Schedulings.
Drum refers to the control point in production system.If bottleneck in system be present, then bottleneck is exactly best control
Point.If system does not have bottleneck, time bottleneck is selected.If a system does not both have bottleneck, time bottleneck is also not present and provides
Source, then the position at control point can arbitrarily select.But best position is logistics bifurcation, i.e., the output stream of resource at this
To several downstream operations.
Buffer refers to the buffer stock above set in bottleneck.Buffer is a kind of time buffering, and the purpose is to wish
Machining center D always has work to do, and is being processed as which kind of product unimportant.
Rope refers to the transmission that the machined situation of bottleneck is passed to the information of upstream operations, its purpose is to by
Need to produce, to avoid stock from increasing.Rope as information transmission both can be formal or informal.
It is further preferred that in step sl, when classifying to enterprise order information, influenceing the factor of classification includes：
Order form delivery time, product, production technology etc..
Preferably, in the step S2, the influence factor of the capacity consistency resource CCR includes equipment state and added
Work speed etc..
Preferably, when implementing n-th short-term plan, by the optimization deadline of the short-term plan and the short-term plan
Planning cycle be compared,
If the optimization deadline is less than or equal to planning cycle, the part order of the N+1 short-term plan is pulled along
Into the current planning cycle, the planning cycle is reached capacity consistency resource CCR, then run " drum-buffering-rope " DBR patrols
Volume, follow-up Order Scheduling is pulled along successively, follow-up short-term plan is reached capacity consistency resource CCR, so as to
Order to renewal launches plan；
If the optimization deadline is more than planning cycle, directly operation " drum-buffering-rope " DBR logics, according to having optimized
Launch and plan into time more new order,
Wherein, N=1,2,3 ... n, n are the number that order launches short-term plan in the works.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, have advantages below and
Beneficial effect：
(1) optimization method of the invention crosses the base in the order dispensing plan of enterprise resource planning ERP/MPS systems generation
On plinth, the defects of presence for ERP/MPS systems, suitable optimization system optimization original order is selected to launch plan, and combine
DBR logics are further compared and optimized, according to real-time capacity consistency resource (capacity constraint
Resource, CCR) situation adjustment short-term plan, and then the Order Scheduling after being optimized, this method can avoid order from becoming
The resources of production that order temporary variations caused by change or Equipment are brought waste, additionally it is possible to overcome traditional ERP/MPS to plan
Caused by resource wait, the defects of order release sequence is unreasonable, can maximumlly utilize the resources of production, reduction stock, ten
Divide and be applied to intelligentized workshop.
(2) present invention is by establishing suitable Optimized model, binding ability constraint resource (capacity constraint
Resource, CCR) equipment working condition, order situation of change can be taken into account in time, the deadline after being optimized, should
The change of implementation bottleneck, adjusts the production schedule in time caused by time can take into full account equipment working condition, order change,
Can avoid due to order launch change of plan not in time, caused by duplication of production, hysteresis production, stock the problems such as.
(3) Optimized model of the invention can also according to the real-time condition of the type of order, bonding apparatus and production line,
The production sequence of sub- order is adjusted, all resources of production so can be fully utilized, both reduce the stand-by period, also keep away
The idle or excessive load of equipment is exempted from, macroscopically the production schedule can be adjusted and dispatched.
(4) order optimization method of the invention is by the way that when each short-term plan is carried out, the residue being intended in the cycle can
It is compared with the time with the optimization deadline being calculated, adjusts the task amount of current period in time, and to follow-up meter
Draw the cycle be adjusted, the production schedule can be adjusted in real time, improve the utilization rate of resource.
(5) method of the invention can adjust Order Scheduling in real time, realize maximally utilizing for the resources of production, and the party
Method is simple and easy, and improving cost is cheap, is suitable for large range promotion use.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall framework figure suitable for the Order Scheduling optimization method of manufacturing works；
Fig. 2 is the step flow chart suitable for the Order Scheduling optimization method of manufacturing works；
Fig. 3 is the specific steps flow chart suitable for the Order Scheduling optimization method of manufacturing works；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of " operation algorithm " subprogram；
Fig. 5 is the simulation drawing of " selection algorithm " subprogram；
Fig. 6 is " preference pattern " subprogram simulation drawing；
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of " operation DBR logics " subprogram.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples,
The present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain the present invention,
It is not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below is only
Conflict can is not formed each other to be mutually combined.
Fig. 1 is a kind of overall framework figure of Order Scheduling optimization method suitable for manufacturing works, and this method can have more
It is used for manufacturing environment body.This method forms step by Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7.
The system for launching plan operation with reference to MRP/MPS customer orders as described in Figure 1.Next short-term plan week
The customer order of phase and the customer order in next short-term plan cycle are devoted in manufacturing environment.Manufacture system includes
The CCR resources of one meeting limitation manufacture system production capacity, produce optimal production order using the method for the present invention and launch meter
Draw.
As shown in figure 1, the system of the present invention has certain optimisation in the works using preference pattern to select to produce order and launch
The model 23M of target, and using selection algorithm come select generate Optimal Production order dispensing plan optimized algorithm.
As shown in figure 1, in the system of the present invention, preference pattern includes the mathematical modeling of several consideration SDS scheduling.These
Model is used for the order dispatch for optimizing different target.For example, the target in a model is to minimize the manufacturing cycle and generate most
Aristogenesis production order launches plan.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention system 1 in, selection algorithm include different optimized algorithm 21A multiple options it
Can solve preference pattern 23A generation Optimal Production order dispensing plans.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention system 1 using DBR logics using maximize utilization rates of the CCR in production environment as
Target making production order launches plan.The customer demand that DBR logic is utilized for not completing in the short-term plan cycle provides
Feedback information, and update customer order impression information for next short-term plan cycle.
Fig. 2 describes the integrated rolling planning based on constraint control and the general step of scheduling system and method.
As shown in Fig. 2 the system and method for the present invention are using customer order impression information and send it to operation calculation
Method, and then generate a production Order Scheduling by running algorithm.
As shown in Fig. 2 obtaining the deadline in the system of the present invention, the production order meter is calculated by running algorithm
The manufacturing cycle drawn.System has checked whether the time is more than or equal to the pot life for considering the short-term plan cycle, and prospect is short
Cycle phase can increase the demand that the customer order out of next the short-term plan cycle is launched, and rerun algorithm and examined
The short-term plan cycle is considered and the production order of the demand of customer order dispensing plan in next short-term plan cycle launches meter
Draw.Otherwise, operation DBR logics continue executing with, and obtain the unfinished demand for being derived from the order that customer order launches plan, in addition
If the demand in next short-term plan cycle is increased into, the demand of next short-term plan is just also obtained.It is not complete
Into demand upgrading demand of providing that customer order in next short-term plan cycle launches, and feedback mechanism sends and used
Plan 10 is launched in renewal customer order.
Fig. 3 illustrates to control the detailed step used in the integrated method for rolling cycle Order Scheduling and scheduling based on constraint
Suddenly.
As shown in figure 3, the method for the present invention uses the customer order impression information of next short-term plan cycle (Q+1),
It is used to formulate production order dispensing plan within the short-term plan cycle (Q).In view of short-term plan cycle (Q+1) and forward direction
The customer order dispensing plan of prospect short-term plan cycle { (Q+1)+i } is sent to operation algorithm (20) and is used to formulate in short term
Production order launches plan in planning cycle (Q+1).Wherein, i is an index for being used for representing the following short-term plan cycle.
As shown in figure 3, the method operation algorithm in invention utilizes selected algorithm and specified based on producing order dispensing
The model of the optimization aim for the determination drawn generates a production Order Scheduling.
As shown in figure 3, the method for the present invention has checked time, i.e., the production Order Scheduling obtained from operation algorithm
Manufacturing cycle, less than the pot life within the short-term plan cycle (Q+1).If produce the manufacturing cycle that order launches plan
Less than the pot life for considering the short-term plan cycle, then addition prediction is that the client for increasing leading short-term plan { (Q+1)+i } orders
Single demand, and be sent to operation algorithm and be used for generating production order dispensing plan.Otherwise, production order is obtained from operation algorithm
Dispensing plan is sent to operation DBR.
As shown in figure 3, the method for the present invention generates the short-term plan cycle (Q+1) in DBR is run using DBR logics
Production order launch plan, calculate customer order dispensing unfinished demand, and send it with update customer order throwing
The demand of the plan of putting 70.Short-term plan cycle (Q+2), (Q+3), the conduct of upgrading demand of the customer order dispensing plan of (Q+n)
The feedback of customer order dispensing plan is sent, to update the customer order in next short-term plan cycle.Wherein n is used for table
Show the maximum quantity for considering the short-term plan cycle in following short-term plan.
Fig. 4 describes the flow chart of " operation algorithm " subprogram.As shown in figure 4, operation algorithm selects from selection algorithm
A kind of optimized algorithm, the algorithm are considered for formulating optimization production order dispensing plan.Algorithm operation is performed from selection algorithm
The algorithm of middle selection.
As shown in figure 4, operation algorithm have selected a mathematical modeling from preference pattern, this mathematical modeling is by specifying
Production order launch planned target composition.Perform the model that model running selects from preference pattern.Calculate target and calculate system
Make order and launch the target function value for performing model in the works.
As shown in figure 4, algorithm is run using Optimized Operation come Optimized Operation target.Run short to looking forward to before algorithm checks
Whether the customer demand of phase planning cycle adds.If with the addition of it is preceding to demand if use condition, perform algorithm generation include before
Customer demand plan to the demand in prospect short-term plan cycle.Otherwise, from operation algorithm output optimal plan.
Fig. 6 illustrates " selection algorithm " subprogram.As shown in fig. 6, selection algorithm subprogram is one comprising multiple optional
The optimized algorithm selection menu of optimized algorithm, it is referred to as selection algorithm 21A and ordered for generating production within the short-term plan cycle
The single-throw plan of putting.
Fig. 7 illustrates " preference pattern " subprogram.As shown in fig. 7, preference pattern subprogram, which is one, includes a variety of tune
The scheduling model menu of model is spent, each scheduling model has specific regulation goal.A scheduling is selected from preference pattern
Model, abbreviation preference pattern 23M, for the generation production order dispensing plan in the short-term plan cycle.
" operation DBR logics " subprogram is following illustrated, it is that the method for utilizing the present invention is based on constraint integrated rolling week
The plan and scheduling of phase order.Operation DBR logics can obtain the Optimal Production order dispensing plan on CCR, and this plan is to work as
Obtained when condition is invalid from operation algorithm.It is optimal plan to produce order dispensing plan, and it is run DBR logics use
Plan is launched in formulating production order.Production order dispensing is designed for short-term from next short-term plan cycle and predictability
Order demand is obtained in planning cycle, referred to as calculates the unfinished demand of time in advance.Utilize the unfinished demand of time in advance
Output time in advance upgrades demand.The method and system referred in the present invention, this time in advance demand being updated are used for
Customer order, which is obtained, for next short-term plan cycle launches plan.
The present invention formulates Optimal Production order and launches plan, and it is according to next short-term plan cycle and next short
The customer order plan that phase planning cycle is formulated, make full use of CCR simultaneously within the different short-term plan cycles to realize
Maximize production capacity.
The DBR logics of the present invention are used to formulate Optimal Production order on production order dispensing plan and CCR and launch plan.
The different models based on Different Optimization target be make use of to formulate the Optimal Production Order Scheduling on CCR.
A kind of effective algorithm 21A is further utilized from selection algorithm menu for next short-term plan cycle,
An Optimal Production order dispensing plan is established on the basis of one selected scheduling model 23M.For next short-term plan
Cycle contributes to before in the short-term plan cycle starting to obtain using a kind of obtained production order release sequences of effective algorithm 21A
Change to material requirement and installation.The forward direction prospect information that production order is launched saves the haulage time of material, is also production
Order provides initial time buffering.
The production order dispensing meter of an optimization has been formulated based on the selected model (23M) for there are hard objectives on CCR
Draw, the order that the model is considered between different orders on CCR determines to set the time (SDS).SDS is used in scheduling model
The validity of scheduling can be improved, and the order Optimized Operation for taking the short-term plan cycle into account can be realized.
When formulating production order and launching plan, considered using preceding to prospect strategy in next short-term plan cycle
Customer order and the demand in next short-term plan cycle.On CCR, the optimal life based on selected model 23M determinations
Production Order Scheduling is formulated first against next short-term plan cycle, if client needs within next short-term plan cycle
The ability of CCR after being done is asked to underuse, the additional demand from next short-term plan cycle will be added to next
In the demand in short-term plan cycle, so as to effectively utilize CCR resources.
In the present invention, when CCR abilities are not fully utilized, the demand increased in next short-term plan cycle can
Increase CCR utilization rate, customer order can also be advanceed in a short-term plan cycle earlier.In addition, on CCR most
Good production Order Scheduling also improves the efficiency of Optimized Operation.
Present invention employs DBR methods the plan for producing order is launched to formulate.Once the production order of optimization launches meter
Draw and determine, next short-term plan cycle that it will be calculated upgrades demand.This is upgraded demand in the present invention, passes through
Using the feedback information of the optimization production Order Scheduling on CCR, it is used to update the ERP/MPS meters in the short-term plan cycle
Draw.The customer order that this feedback information can be used for updating ERP plans and correcting in next short-term plan cycle launches meter
Draw.To short-term plan and the integrated utilization rate for improving CCR of scheduling in the present invention, reduce between short-term plan and scheduling
Gap.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles of the invention etc., all should be wrapped
It is contained within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Order Scheduling optimization method suitable for manufacturing works, it is characterised in that this method specifically includes following steps：
Enterprise order information input enterprise resource planning ERP/Master Product Schedule is classified and optimized by S1, is obtained original
Order launch plan and corresponding planned production cycle, the order launch include several long-term plan, Mei Gechang in the works
Phase plan is divided into several short-term plans after decomposing layer by layer；
S2 establishes the drum planning optimization model of order, and enterprise order information is inputted into the Optimized model, optimizes mould from the order
The setting time SDS of sub- order different in enterprise order information is acquired in type, and is walked according to capacity consistency resource CCR
Order in rapid S1 launches the optimization deadline of each short-term plan in the works；
The sub- order that S3 is launched in the works according to setting time SDS obtained in step S2 to original order is scheduled, and is adjusted
Original order launches the order of plan neutron order product；
S4 implements the order after adjustment and launches plan, when each short-term plan is implemented, by the short-term plan from the excellent of step S2
The planned production cycle for changing the short-term plan of the optimization deadline obtained in model with being obtained in step S1 is compared, root
" drum-buffering-rope " DBR logics, and then the order dispensing plan after being optimized are run to the short-term plan according to comparison result.
2. Order Scheduling optimization method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step sl, to enterprise order information
When being classified, influenceing the factor of classification includes：Order form delivery time, product and production technology.
3. Order Scheduling optimization method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that in the step S2, the ability
Constraint resource CCR influence factor includes equipment state and processing speed.
4. Order Scheduling optimization method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that in step s3, n-th is short-term implementing
During plan, the optimization deadline of the short-term plan is compared with the planning cycle of the short-term plan,
If the optimization deadline is less than or equal to planning cycle, the part order of the N+1 short-term plan is pulled to plan week
In the prospect cycle after the interim optimization deadline, the planning cycle is set to reach capacity consistency resource CCR, then run " drum-
Buffering-rope " DBR logics, follow-up Order Scheduling is pulled along successively, follow-up short-term plan is reached capacity consistency money
Source CCR, so as to the order dispensing plan updated；
If the optimization deadline is more than planning cycle, " drum-buffering-rope " DBR logics are directly run, according to the optimization deadline
More new order launches plan,
Wherein, N=1,2,3 ... n, n are the number that order launches short-term plan in the works.
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| CN113554301A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-26 | 浙江工企信息技术股份有限公司 | Production plan scheduling method and system |
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