CN107574278A - A kind of method that ferronickel is prepared with lateritic nickel ore enriching nickel - Google Patents
A kind of method that ferronickel is prepared with lateritic nickel ore enriching nickel Download PDFInfo
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- CN107574278A CN107574278A CN201710626093.2A CN201710626093A CN107574278A CN 107574278 A CN107574278 A CN 107574278A CN 201710626093 A CN201710626093 A CN 201710626093A CN 107574278 A CN107574278 A CN 107574278A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that ferronickel is prepared with lateritic nickel ore enriching nickel, this method includes the lateritic nickel ore powder after crushing and is well mixed with reducing agent, fluxing agent, and briquet, heat up prereduction in High-temp. kiln, pass through selective oxidation again, divide method to obtain the high ferronickel of nickel content finally by molten.The present invention is realized to the selective oxidation of metallic iron and nickel in prereduction product, can be achieved to greatly improve the nickel content in ferronickel, while realizes high nickel recovery, and the ferronickel of the high quality of acquisition is advantageous to the smelting of stainless steel.This method has the features such as adaptability to raw material is strong, technological process is simple, workable, product quality is high, nickel recovering effect is good, energy consumption and low processing cost.A new direction is provided for lateritic nickel ore enriching nickel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, and in particular to a kind of method that ferronickel is prepared with lateritic nickel ore enriching nickel.
Background technology
Main source of the lateritic nickel ore as current primary nickel resources, nickel content is far below iron content, and nickel has with iron
Similar physicochemical characteristics, all attached to be stored in the silicate containing magnalium, embedding cloth is very fine and closely woven, it is difficult to passes through the side such as physical upgrading
Method efficiently separates them.Therefore, how the effectively enrichment of the nickel in lateritic nickel ore to be turned into and lateritic nickel ore deep processing is ground instantly
The focus and difficult point studied carefully.At present, pyrogenic attack lateritic nickel ore is concentrated mainly in pre-reduction on the enrichment of nickel, main side
Method has：(1) selective reduction (by controlling reducing atmosphere with carbon ratio in reducing) (the coals such as Jiang Man, Sun Tichang, Liu Zhiguo
The affecting laws [J] that class and additive are selectively reduced directly to lateritic nickel ore, mining metallurgical engineering, 2012,32 (5)：77~81)；
(2) reduction that additive suppression iron oxide is added in pre-reduction (is realized ferrous oxide vulcanizing treatment with sulfur-containing additive
Selective reduction, or addition sodium salt suppress the reduction of iron iron oxide) (the lateritic nickel ores such as Li Guanghui, Rao Mingjun, Jiang Tao sodium salt reduces
The mechanism [J] of roasting-magnetic separation, China YouSe Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2012,22, (1)：27~280；The lateritic nickel ores selection of Rao Ming armies
Property reduction/vulcanization prepare thick ferronickel basis and new technology research [D], Changsha：Central South University, 2014).It is reported in the literature with
The related technical scheme of above two method also has：
" a step reduction roasting-magnetic separation " technique produces ferronickel, have studied influence of the reduction coal addition to roasting effect,
Lateritic nickel ore chemical composition：Ni1.52%, Fe14.08%, Ni/ (Ni+Fe) are 9.74%；Add a certain amount of reduction coal and
Additive, in 1200 DEG C of logical N of temperature2Protective roast 180min, make the oxide of most nickel oxide and a small amount of iron in raw ore
Selective reduction is obtained, prepares the ferronickel fine powder containing Ni10.74%, the Ni rate of recovery is 86.23%.Material phase analysis only has
81.46% metallic nickel phase, separately there is 13.25% silicic acid nickel phase, remaining as nickel oxide phase.Selective reduction can improve ferronickel
Nickel content, but effect is not notable, and due to insufficient with carbon, it is inabundant with nickel oxide existing for silicic acid nickel phase in raw ore
Reduction, have impact on the rate of recovery of metallic nickel.(Liang Wei, Wang Hui, symbol sword just etc. high efficiente callback ferronickels from low-grade laterite nickel ore
[J], Central South University's journal (natural science edition), 2011,42, (8)：2173~2177).
Patent of invention (the A 2011.08.10 of CN 102146511) discloses a kind of selective reduction roasting recovery laterite nickel
A certain amount of lateritic nickel ore is broken for -10mm by the process of nickel and iron in ore deposit, this method, adds 10%~20% reduction
Agent and 5%~15% fluxing agent, 40~80min is calcined after mixing at 1100 DEG C~1150 DEG C, by ball after natural cooling
Grinding machine ore grinding, the ore pulp that the granularity -0.074mm of concentration 60% accounts for 85~95% is obtained, be 150~200KA/m bars in magnetic field intensity
Magnetic separation is carried out under part.Raw ore is nickeliferous 1.43%, iron content 13.21%, ferronickel powder nickel content 7.61%, nickel recovery 83.71%.Should
Although technique flow is simple, final products ferronickel nickel content is not high, and the rate of recovery of nickel is low.
Patent of invention (the A 2012.07.25 of CN 102605174) discloses one kind and distinguished from low nickel high ferro lateritic nickel ore
The process of nickel and iron is reclaimed, this method respectively obtains two kinds of products of ferronickel powder and iron powder by the direct-reduction roasting of two steps,
Raw ore contains Ni1.48%, and Fe33.56%, reducing agent coal dust addition 5%, additive amount 20%, additive is sodium hydroxide
With the mixture of calcium chloride, ratio 1：0.5, sample reduction roasting 40min at 1100 DEG C, dense in quality after cooling after mixing
It is levigate during degree 60% or so to account for 90% to granularity -0.074mm, the magnetic separation under magnetic field intensity 1.8KGs, obtain nickeliferous 10.61%
Ferronickel powder, nickel recovery 80.71%；Continue the binding agent of the coal dust 8% of addition 25% in magnetic tailing, at 1200 DEG C also
Original roasting 50min, carries out secondary magnetic separation after cooling and obtains iron powder.The technique have passed through dispensing-reduction roasting-magnetic twice
Choosing, technological process is complicated, and operation is not easy, and additive usage amount is big, and energy consumption and cost are too high, while the rate of recovery of nickel is low.
Patent of invention (the A 2015.04.08 of CN 104498733) discloses a kind of raising lateritic nickel ore carbon heat selective also
Former method.By adding sulfur-bearing auxiliary agent, under suitable carbon thermal reduction system, the sulphur in sulfur-bearing auxiliary agent is preferentially and ferriferous oxide
Intermediate product FeO reaction generation FeS, so as to inhibit ferrous oxide reduction into metallic iron.Raw ore contains in embodiment
Ni1.90%, Fe22.10%, Ni, Fe content are respectively the rate of recovery of 10.39% and 81.91%, Ni and Fe in obtained ferronickel
Respectively 90.83%, 68.84%.This method is little for the increase rate of ferronickel nickel content, and iron still has higher recovery
Rate, simultaneously because the addition of sulfur-bearing auxiliary agent, necessarily greatly improves the sulfur content in ferronickel, for the original as stainless steel smelting
Expect ferronickel, high-sulfur ferronickel necessarily increases the difficulty of stainless steel smelting.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims to overcome that above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art and one kind is provided and with lateritic nickel ore enriching nickel prepares nickel
The method of iron, this method are directed to the enrichment of middle-low grade lateritic nickel ore nickel, divide using coal base prereduction-selective oxidation-is molten
The method that technique prepares ferronickel, breach traditional thought using process for selective reduction come enriching nickel, iron and nickel to oxygen affinity and
On the basis of power is of different sizes, oxidizing process is by controlling oxidizing atmosphere and oxidization time is realized to metallic iron and metallic nickel
Selective oxidation, then pass through (1350~1500 DEG C) molten point of ferronickels for obtaining high nickel content of low temperature.
The present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose using following technical scheme：
A kind of method that ferronickel is prepared with lateritic nickel ore enriching nickel, including：Lateritic nickel ore and reducing agent coal after will be broken
Powder and/or coke powder, fluxing agent Fluorspar Powder and/or boric acid are well mixed, and briquet, and the prereduction that heated up in High-temp. kiln-
Selective oxidation, method is divided to obtain the high ferronickel of nickel content finally by molten.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the addition of the reducing agent must assure that the oxide of the nickel and iron in lateritic nickel ore
While fully reduction, it is ensured that 10%~40% excess carbon in prereduction product be present；The addition of fluorite is lateritic nickel ore
The 3~15% of quality, the addition of boric acid are the 0~1.5% of lateritic nickel ore quality.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, it is interior to match somebody with somebody nickel and iron in the molal quantity and lateritic nickel ore that carbon ratio is the fixed carbon in reducing agent
The ratio between the molal quantity of oxygen of oxide be more than 1.0.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the selective oxidation of prereduction product is used for the high-temperature oxydation of metallic iron, temperature 800
DEG C~1200 DEG C.The condition is in order to ensure an oxidized metal iron during selective oxidation, and metallic nickel is not oxidized, oxic gas
The control of atmosphere and oxidization time is untill the excess carbon in reduzate is fully burnt.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the product after chosen property oxidation melts at 1350 DEG C~1500 DEG C divides, and realizes slag gold
It is sufficiently separated, obtains the ferronickel of high nickel content.
The present invention mechanism be：Under the effect of enough reducing agents, the oxide of iron and the oxide of nickel are filled lateritic nickel ore
Divide and be reduced into metallic iron and metallic nickel.Metallic iron and metallic nickel particles Dispersed precipitate compare surface in slag phase in prereduction product
Product is very big.Because the affinity of iron and oxygen is more than the affinity of nickel and oxygen, under oxidizing atmosphere, metallic iron preferentially reacts with oxygen gives birth to
Cheng Tie oxide；When oxidizing process starts, due to there are the reducing agent of surplus in prereduction product, therefore metallic nickel exists
Oxidation does not aoxidize initial stage, it is ensured that the high efficiente callback of metallic nickel.Because containing a large amount of low melting points in the product after secondary oxidation
FeO and prereduction before the fluxing agent fluorite and/or boric acid be incorporated in briquetting, so by 1350~1500 DEG C molten point, will contain
The high slag of iron oxide is separated with nickeliferous high metal.Nickel in ferronickel is significantly enriched with.
Compared with the technology of existing lateritic nickel ore enriching nickel：This method breaches the enriching nickel in lateritic nickel ore reduction process
Custom thinking, avoid the problem of selective reduction enriching nickel effect is undesirable and nickel recovery is relatively low.This method is not added
Other sulfur-bearings, containing sodium additives, avoid pollution of this kind of additive to ferro-nickel product and the corrosion to equipment.
It is comprehensive as described above, of the invention have advantages below：Adaptability to raw material is strong, technological process is simple, workable, nickel
The nickel content of iron product is high, nickel recovering effect is good, the features such as energy consumption and low processing cost.One is opened for lateritic nickel ore enriching nickel
Individual new direction.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram that the present invention prepares ferronickel with lateritic nickel ore enriching nickel.
Embodiment
Under the present invention is further elaborated in conjunction with specific embodiments explanation, but protection scope of the present invention and not only limit
In specific examples below.
The chemical composition of lateritic nickel ore used is as shown in table 1, and lateritic nickel ore obtains by be pre-dried-being crushed to -5mm
Lateritic nickel ore powder, its preparation flow are as shown in Figure 1.
The lateritic nickel ore chemical composition (%) of table 1
The present invention prepares the flow of ferronickel as shown in figure 1, Ni/ (Fe+ in lateritic nickel ore used using above-mentioned lateritic nickel ore powder
Ni it is) 7.96%, is described in detail below with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Lateritic nickel ore dry-is crushed to -5mm, reducing agent adds coal dust, fluxing agent fluorite by interior with carbon surplus 40%
Addition be lateritic nickel ore amount 5%, boric acid addition be lateritic nickel ore amount 0.5%.Various raw materials are after fully mixing
Briquet, abundant prereduction at being 1100~1200 DEG C in tunnel kiln temperature, prereduction product is under air atmosphere with stove
Oxidation, 1000~1150 DEG C of secondary oxidation temperature, oxidization time 120 minutes, product after oxidation by mineral hot furnace 1450~
Melting to divide at 1500 DEG C makes slag gold separation obtain ferronickel for 30 minutes.By experimental analysis, nickel, iron content are respectively in ferro-nickel product
12.97% and 79.97%, nickel, iron recovery are respectively 92.64% and 49.43%.
Embodiment 2
Lateritic nickel ore dry-is crushed to -5mm, reducing agent adds coal dust, fluxing agent fluorite by interior with carbon surplus 20%
Addition be lateritic nickel ore amount 8%, boric acid addition be lateritic nickel ore amount 1.5%.Various raw materials are after fully mixing
Briquet, rotary kiln temperature be 1100~1200 DEG C at abundant prereduction, prereduction product under air atmosphere, in
900~1100 DEG C of completion selective oxidations, oxidization time 30 minutes, the product after oxidation is by mineral hot furnace at 1400~1450 DEG C
Lower molten point makes slag gold separation obtain ferronickel for 30 minutes.By experimental analysis, nickel, iron content are respectively 13.56% in ferro-nickel product
With 81.46%, nickel, iron recovery are respectively 91.86% and 48.88%.
Embodiment 3
Lateritic nickel ore dry-is crushed to -5mm, reducing agent adds coal dust, fluxing agent fluorite by interior with carbon surplus 20%
Addition be lateritic nickel ore amount 15%, boric acid addition be lateritic nickel ore amount 1.0%.Various raw materials are after fully mixing
Briquet, rotary kiln temperature be 1100~1150 DEG C at abundant prereduction, prereduction product under air atmosphere, in
800~1150 DEG C of completion selective oxidations, oxidization time 30 minutes, the product after oxidation is by mineral hot furnace at 1350~1400 DEG C
Lower molten point makes slag gold separation obtain ferronickel for 30 minutes.By experimental analysis, nickel, iron content are respectively 14.94% in ferro-nickel product
With 81.2%, nickel, iron recovery are respectively 98.6% and 46.37%.
In embodiment 1,2,3, prereduction product rate of recovery of nickel after peroxidating is above 90%, and the rate of recovery of iron is then
Less than 50%, nickel content reaches 13~15% in ferronickel, has compared with Ni/ in lateritic nickel ore (Fe+Ni) 7.96% and greatly improves, nickel
Metal enrichment positive effect.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. method that ferronickel is prepared with lateritic nickel ore enriching nickel, it is characterised in that：Lateritic nickel ore and reduction after will be broken Agent coal dust and/or coke powder, fluxing agent Fluorspar Powder and/or boric acid are well mixed, and briquet, pre- go back of being heated up in High-temp. kiln Original-selective oxidation, method is divided to obtain the high ferronickel of nickel content finally by molten.
- 2. the method for ferronickel is prepared with lateritic nickel ore enriching nickel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The reducing agent While addition must assure that the oxide of nickel and iron fully reduces in lateritic nickel ore, it is ensured that have 10% in prereduction product ~40% excess carbon；The addition of fluorite is the 3~15% of lateritic nickel ore quality, and the addition of boric acid is lateritic nickel ore quality 0~1.5%.
- 3. the method for ferronickel is prepared with lateritic nickel ore enriching nickel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Prereduction product It is 800 DEG C~1200 DEG C that selective oxidation, which is used for the high-temperature oxydation of metallic iron, oxidizing temperature, and the time of selective oxidation should protect Excess carbon in card prereduction product is fully burnt.
- 4. the method for ferronickel is prepared with lateritic nickel ore enriching nickel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Chosen property oxidation Product afterwards melts at 1350 DEG C~1500 DEG C to be divided, and is realized that slag gold is sufficiently separated, is obtained the ferronickel of high nickel content.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110983043A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-10 | 武汉科技大学 | Method for preparing high-grade ferronickel from medium-low grade laterite-nickel ore |
| CN111961881A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-20 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Additive applied to nickel flash furnace smelting process and application method thereof |
| CN116555586A (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-08-08 | 西部矿业股份有限公司 | Method for recycling nickel from low-grade nickel silicate ore |
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| CN111961881A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-20 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Additive applied to nickel flash furnace smelting process and application method thereof |
| CN111961881B (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-05-24 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Additive applied to nickel flash furnace smelting process and using method thereof |
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| CN116555586B (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2024-04-19 | 西部矿业股份有限公司 | Method for recycling nickel from low-grade nickel silicate ore |
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