CN107572496A - A kind of preparation method of high specific capacitance carbo lignius - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of high specific capacitance carbo lignius Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107572496A
CN107572496A CN201710830597.6A CN201710830597A CN107572496A CN 107572496 A CN107572496 A CN 107572496A CN 201710830597 A CN201710830597 A CN 201710830597A CN 107572496 A CN107572496 A CN 107572496A
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China
Prior art keywords
specific capacitance
preparation
carbo lignius
high specific
lignius
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CN201710830597.6A
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吴琼
于世涛
刘仕伟
解从霞
于海龙
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/13Energy storage using capacitors

Abstract

A kind of preparation method of high specific capacitance carbo lignius, it is characterised in that:Using barks such as larch, poplars as raw material; nonmetal oxide is doped source; under thermal and hydric environment high temperature high pressure process for a period of time after; multiple centrifugal filtration obtains dark-brown carbon precursor; dry, be put into tube calciner after grinding; high temperature cabonization under inert gas shielding; obtain the wooden base charcoal with flourishing pore structure of nonmetal doping; it is made into working electrode; investigate the charging and discharging curve of the three-electrode system ultracapacitor of composition; the parameters such as cyclic voltammetry curve, analysis prepare the electrochemical properties such as the specific capacitance of wooden base Carbon Materials.This operating procedure is mainly characterized in that using biomass resource discarded object bark be raw material, environmentally friendly cheap and easy to get, hydro-thermal reaction low-temp low-pressure, the passivator such as acid-alkali salt need not be added, the Carbon Materials pore structure of preparation is adjustable, has excellent electrochemical properties, course of reaction is simple to operate, and cost is cheap.

Description

A kind of preparation method of high specific capacitance carbo lignius
Art:
The present invention relates to field of nano material preparation, more particularly to a kind of preparation method of high specific capacitance carbo lignius
Background technology:
Electric chemical super capacitor is that a kind of have that use temperature range is wide, power density is high and the spies such as energy density is high Point, new and effective between capacitor and battery can store up equipment, in the vehicles, communications service and science and techniques of defence etc. Direction has a wide range of applications.Electrode material is the key factor for influenceing performance of the supercapacitor, by different materials through not Tongfang Carbon Materials made from method are commonly used because of the features such as reference area is big, preparation method is ripe and stability is high as ultracapacitor One of electrode material.In recent years, the graphene quilt of the CNT with homogeneous tubular porous structure and bigger serface Electrode is attempted to act as, but preparation cost is high, complex process limits their extensive use.Research points out that some nonmetallic are mixed Miscellaneous Carbon Materials show higher specific capacitance, therefore explore that cost is low, the simple nonmetal doping carbon materials of preparation technology Material has definite meaning.
The biomass resource environment-friendly type renewable resource abundant as a kind of deposit, rich in carbon, using it as raw material system Standby Carbon Materials have the excellent electric conductivity of conventional petroleum base, coal-based carbon material, and chemical property and flourishing pore structure are same When often have abundant functional group, superpower adsorption capacity and high chemical stability concurrently, nonmetallic heteroatoms doping process Middle active component interacts with biomass carbon, is generally entrained on carbon skeleton, and the activated centre stability of formation is higher, It is used as the preferable carbon based material of electrode material.
A kind of super electricity than energy-specific power excellent performance of Publication No. CN101531358 Introduction To Cn Patent The preparation method of container electrode Carbon Materials, the phenolic compounds such as resorcinol and formaldehyde there are into catalyst and certain proportion heat Under conditions of labile polymer polyethylene glycol, it is placed in reactor and reacts, obtain kermesinus colloid, in tubular type after fully dries Charing obtains target carbon material under nitrogen atmosphere in stove, and the quality specific capacitance in water-based and organic electrolyte is reachable respectively 170F/g120F/g, the method technique is simple, and product specific capacitance is high, but is related to the raw materials such as phenol and formaldehyde, limits actual answer With.
Publication No. CN105355464A Introduction To Cn Patent is a kind of have high specific capacitance, it is high specific surface area and mesoporous- The preparation method of micropore carbon microspheres, using styrene as monomer, SBA-15 is mesoporous template, and APP is multifunctional assistant system Standby polystyrene microsphere, then by obtained polystyrene microsphere is crosslinked, charing, etching obtain having the poly- of high-specific surface area Styryl is mesoporous-micropore carbon microspheres, the use that the method avoids soda acid activator can obtain flourishing pore structure and Fei Jin Belong to the carbosphere of doping, using it as electrode material, the specific capacitance in aqueous electrolyte reaches 130~170F/g, but the material It is not suitable for organic electrolyte system.
Publication No. CN102311113A Chinese patent provides a kind of preparation method of tobacco rod base porous carbon material, with Tobacco rod solid waste is carbon precursor raw material, uses the carbonate containing certain alkali metal ion concentration molten after being dehydrated, crushing Liquid impregnates, and successively undergoes pickling after carbonization-activation processing, hot deionized water is washed, obtains porous charcoal after dry and vacuum heat Material.Carbon Materials specific surface area is up to 1500~2200m made from the method2/ g, there is high power capacity, Gao Gong for capacitor material Rate, however during pickling and washing after product it is unfriendly to environment, it is necessary to after-treatment, the process for adding technique.
Publication No. CN104916542A Chinese patent provide a kind of capacitor wood activated charcoal composite and Its preparation method, by wood substance grain charing process under nitrogen atmosphere, after being washed respectively with hydrochloric acid and nitric acid with nickel nitrate solution It is mixed with dipping, secondary clacining reduction-oxidation nickel after drying, and it is activated with vapor, air is passed through in last calcining furnace Elemental nickel is again converted into nickel oxide, obtains being loaded with the active carbon with high specific surface area of nickel oxide, while utilize the catalytic of nickel Faraday's capacity effect of matter and nickel oxide, but reactions steps are tediously long, are related to high-temperature activation three times, limit to a certain extent The scope of application.
In summary, traditional capacitor for preparing uses the method with high specific capacitance Carbon Materials to include direct high temperature cabonization, Template etches, and acid-base solution impregnating, course of reaction is often cumbersome tediously long, and raw material is related to phenol, aldehyde, carbonate, although production Physical performance is excellent, and specific capacitance is high, and still environment is unfriendly while limits practical application.This patent is proposed with agriculture and forestry organic waste material tree Skin is raw material, and nonmetal oxide is doped source, is reacted using water as solvent, hydro-thermal reaction low-temp low-pressure, the Carbon Materials hole of preparation Structure is adjustable, has higher specific capacitance.
The content of the invention:
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation method of high specific capacitance carbo lignius.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention includes:A kind of preparation side of high specific capacitance carbo lignius Method, it is characterised in that:Using barks such as larch, poplars as raw material, nonmetal oxide is doped source, the high temperature under thermal and hydric environment HIGH PRESSURE TREATMENT for a period of time after, multiple centrifugal filtration obtains dark-brown carbon precursor, and tube calciner, indifferent gas are put into after drying The lower high temperature cabonization of body protection, obtains the wooden base charcoal with flourishing pore structure of nonmetal doping, is made into working electrode, The parameter such as charging and discharging curve, cyclic voltammetry curve of the three-electrode system ultracapacitor of composition is investigated, analysis prepares wooden base The electrochemical properties such as the specific capacitance of Carbon Materials.This operating procedure is mainly characterized in that using biomass resource discarded object bark be original Material, environmentally friendly cheap and easy to get, hydro-thermal reaction low-temp low-pressure, without adding the passivator such as acid-alkali salt, the Carbon Materials pore structure of preparation can Adjust, there are excellent electrochemical properties, course of reaction is simple to operate, and cost is cheap.
It is an advantage of the invention that:
1st, using forest tree castoff larch and poplar bark as reaction raw materials, rich in carbon source, natural biomass is made full use of, Carbonization degree is higher after hydrothermal treatment.
2nd, instant invention overcomes deficiency of the prior art, traditional production technology is changed, using hydro-thermal reaction, with water For solvent, raw material is not required to pre-process, and course of reaction is simple to operate, and production cost is low, and yield is high;
3rd, the wooden base charcoal specific surface area prepared in present invention reaction is flourishing, and nonmetallic active sites are stable, have Higher specific capacitance.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the cyclic voltammetry curve that the carbo lignius that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is prepared measures under different scanning rates;
The charging and discharging curve that the carbo lignius that Fig. 2 embodiment of the present invention 1 is prepared measures under different current densities.
Embodiment:
Present invention implementation is described in further detail below:
A kind of preparation method of high specific capacitance carbo lignius, it is characterised in that:It is non-using barks such as larch, poplars as raw material Metal oxide is doped source, under thermal and hydric environment high temperature high pressure process for a period of time after, multiple centrifugal filtration obtains dark-brown Carbon precursor, tube calciner is put into after drying, high temperature cabonization under inert gas shielding, obtain nonmetal doping has prosperity The wooden base charcoal of pore structure, is made into working electrode, and the discharge and recharge for investigating the three-electrode system ultracapacitor of composition is bent The parameters such as line, cyclic voltammetry curve, analysis prepare the electrochemical properties such as the specific capacitance of wooden base Carbon Materials.
Below, the present invention will be further detailed with embodiment, but it is not limited to any of these embodiments Individual or similar example.
Embodiment 1:
Grind, sieve after the poplar bark of collection is dried, choose 40-60 mesh wood powder as raw material, melamine is to mix Miscellaneous source, weighs wood powder 10g, and the doping of wood powder and melamine is compared for 12:1, volume 100ml polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is put into after mixing In liner reactor, ensure that liquor capacity and kettle volumetric ratio are 7:10, reactor is put into homogeneous reactor after well mixed, Isothermal reaction 12h at a temperature of 230 DEG C, cooled and filtered, collection obtain dark brown solid product, and tubular type calcining is put into after drying Stove, 900 DEG C, constant temperature 5h are warming up to 5 DEG C/min under nitrogen atmosphere protection, obtains the wooden base charcoal of N doping.Prepared by the method Wooden base charcoal, the content of nitrogen is 8.2%, specific surface area 1098.3m2/g。
Working electrode will be made after the Carbon Materials tabletting of preparation, Pt pieces are that saturated calomel electrode is reference electrode to electrode, The charging and discharging curve of three-electrode system capacitor is investigated, it is 312F/g to calculate its specific capacitance.
Embodiment 2:
Grind, sieve after the poplar wood skin of collection is dried, choose 80-100 mesh wood powder as raw material, thiocarbamide is doping Source, weighs wood powder 10g, and the doping of wood powder and thiocarbamide is compared for 9:1, the polytetrafluoroethyllining lining that volume 100ml is put into after mixing is anti- Answer in kettle, ensure that liquor capacity and kettle volumetric ratio are 6:10, reactor is put into homogeneous reactor after well mixed, 250 DEG C At a temperature of isothermal reaction 14h, cooled and filtered, collection obtains dark brown solid product, tube calciner, nitrogen is put into after drying 950 DEG C, constant temperature 3h are warming up to 5 DEG C/min under atmosphere protection, obtains the wooden base charcoal of sulfur doping.Wooden base prepared by the method Charcoal, the content of sulphur is 6.3%, specific surface area 869.4m2/g。
Working electrode will be made after the Carbon Materials tabletting of preparation, Pt pieces are that saturated calomel electrode is reference electrode to electrode, The charging and discharging curve of three-electrode system capacitor is investigated, it is 299F/g to calculate its specific capacitance.

Claims (8)

  1. A kind of 1. preparation method of high specific capacitance carbo lignius, it is characterised in that:Using barks such as larch, poplars as raw material, non-gold Category oxide is doped source, under thermal and hydric environment high temperature high pressure process for a period of time after, multiple centrifugal filtration obtains dark-brown charcoal Presoma, dry, be put into tube calciner after grinding, high temperature cabonization under inert gas shielding, obtain nonmetal doping has The wooden base charcoal of flourishing pore structure, is made into working electrode, investigates the charge and discharge of the three-electrode system ultracapacitor of composition The parameters such as electric curve, cyclic voltammetry curve, analysis prepare the electrochemical properties such as the specific capacitance of wooden base Carbon Materials.
  2. 2. according to a kind of preparation method of high specific capacitance carbo lignius described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Raw materials used fallen leaves The wood powder of 40-100 mesh is chosen after pine, the grinding sieving of poplar bark.
  3. 3. according to a kind of preparation method of high specific capacitance carbo lignius described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:That chooses is nonmetallic Doped source can be nitrogen source, sulphur source, phosphorus source or boron source.
  4. 4. according to a kind of preparation method of high specific capacitance carbo lignius described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Hydro-thermal reaction raw material Controlled with doped source mass ratio 5:1~20:1, solvent capacity is 3 with reactor Capacity Ratio:5~9:10.
  5. 5. according to a kind of preparation method of high specific capacitance carbo lignius described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Hydrothermal temperature At 220~260 DEG C, 12~18h of reaction time.
  6. 6. according to a kind of preparation method of high specific capacitance carbo lignius described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described charing temperature Spend for 800~1000 DEG C, the time is 2~5h.
  7. 7. according to a kind of preparation method of high specific capacitance carbo lignius described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described is high than electricity The specific surface area for holding carbo lignius is 628~1376m2/g。
  8. 8. according to a kind of preparation method of high specific capacitance carbo lignius described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described carbo lignius Specific capacitance under test conditions is 257~369F/g.
CN201710830597.6A 2017-09-15 2017-09-15 A kind of preparation method of high specific capacitance carbo lignius Withdrawn CN107572496A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108565462A (en) * 2018-05-25 2018-09-21 青岛大学 A kind of sulfur doping porous carbon materials and its preparation method and application
CN109250704A (en) * 2018-12-07 2019-01-22 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 A kind of preparation method and application of russianolive dried juice base porous carbon materials
CN109626370A (en) * 2019-01-21 2019-04-16 青岛科技大学 The preparation and its application of biomass-based porous carbon materials based on sycamore seed
CN112062125A (en) * 2020-09-09 2020-12-11 艾思尔信息科技(上海)有限公司 Hierarchical pore doped carbon material and preparation method and application thereof

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CN104157470A (en) * 2014-08-22 2014-11-19 重庆大学 Preparation method of supercapacitor carbon material
CN104445138A (en) * 2014-11-04 2015-03-25 东北林业大学 Method for preparing high-conductivity carbon material by virtue of hydrothermal method
CN105692611A (en) * 2016-03-21 2016-06-22 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Preparation method of biomass activated carbon rich in nitrogen and oxygen
CN106984267A (en) * 2017-03-23 2017-07-28 青岛科技大学 A kind of preparation method of the N doping carbon adsorbent of CO absorption 2

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104157470A (en) * 2014-08-22 2014-11-19 重庆大学 Preparation method of supercapacitor carbon material
CN104445138A (en) * 2014-11-04 2015-03-25 东北林业大学 Method for preparing high-conductivity carbon material by virtue of hydrothermal method
CN105692611A (en) * 2016-03-21 2016-06-22 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Preparation method of biomass activated carbon rich in nitrogen and oxygen
CN106984267A (en) * 2017-03-23 2017-07-28 青岛科技大学 A kind of preparation method of the N doping carbon adsorbent of CO absorption 2

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吴艳姣: "生物质水热炭的制备及性能研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技II辑》 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108565462A (en) * 2018-05-25 2018-09-21 青岛大学 A kind of sulfur doping porous carbon materials and its preparation method and application
CN109250704A (en) * 2018-12-07 2019-01-22 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 A kind of preparation method and application of russianolive dried juice base porous carbon materials
CN109250704B (en) * 2018-12-07 2021-08-17 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 Preparation method and application of oleaster gum base porous carbon material
CN109626370A (en) * 2019-01-21 2019-04-16 青岛科技大学 The preparation and its application of biomass-based porous carbon materials based on sycamore seed
CN112062125A (en) * 2020-09-09 2020-12-11 艾思尔信息科技(上海)有限公司 Hierarchical pore doped carbon material and preparation method and application thereof

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