CN107570768B - Open type blisk channel multicutter subregion roughing process - Google Patents
Open type blisk channel multicutter subregion roughing process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of open type blisk multicutter subregion roughing process, the maximum that this method is calculated first is applicable in tool dimension, it selects more different sized knifes, leaf dish channel is divided into multiple machining areas, each region carries out roughing using cutter as big as possible, removal material more as possible, can effectively improve open type blisk channel roughing efficiency.The present invention is processed using large scale cutter as far as possible in different machining areas, since the large scale cutter either processing efficiency in the roughing of channel or rigidity are superior to the cutter of small size, and can remove the roughing surplus more than 80%；Other 20% blisk roughing surplus is layered side milling to complete by small cutter, and all NC milling technique can be completed by clamped one time for workpiece, improve the rough machined efficiency in open type blisk channel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of aero-engine blisk manufacture, and it is logical to be related to aero-engine blisk
Road processing method, specially open type blisk channel multicutter subregion roughing process.
Background technology
Open type blisk is the important component of modern aeroengine.Leaf dish is assembled with traditional blade and wheel hub
Structure is compared, and engine rotor blade and wheel disc are formed one, eliminates tenon, tongue-and-groove and locking dress in tradition connection
It sets, reduces construction weight and number of parts, avoid tenon windage loss, improve pneumatic efficiency, engine is made to work the longevity
Life and security reliability greatly improve, and structure is greatly simplified.But since its is complicated：Blade is thin, distortion is big, channel is narrow, deep
And opening character is poor, requirement on machining accuracy is high, and especially blade profile is complicated Space Free-Form Surface.So that blisk
Manufacturing technology requires high, and studies in China is most, most widely used processing method is multi-axis NC milling processing method.
Open type blisk rough forging is generally short cylindric, and material is mostly the difficult processing material such as titanium alloy, high temperature alloy
Material.The material removed from blank to molding process accounts for about the 60%-90% or more of blank, wherein being mostly in leaf
It is completed during the roughing of disk channel.Therefore, the efficient roughing in channel is realized, to shortening blisk manufacturing cycle and reduction
Processing cost is of great significance, while being also beneficial to the semifinishing and finishing of follow-up blade profile and hub surface.
Existing channel rough machining method mainly has layering side milling and slotting milling, either uses layering side milling or slotting milling,
All there are one common problems, i.e., cutter, which is chosen, usually leans on micro-judgment, and in order to ensure that process without interference, is often selected
Tool dimension is all than more conservative.Since material removal amount is big, the rigidity of small size cutter is poor and chip removal is difficult, while whole
Body leaf dish material is mostly difficult-to-machine material, causes tool wear also more serious.So research is a kind of to be applied to open type entirety leaf
The rough machined new process in disk channel reduces manufacturing cost to improve the processing efficiency in leaf dish channel, has extremely important
Meaning.
One removal amount of processing is 565808mm3Open type blisk, the common processing method of industrial quarters be using point
Layer side milling process, interlamellar spacing 0.57mm cut 80 layers altogether, select 2 cutter, are processed using the nose of an ox milling cutter of Φ 12R1
Channel top half uses the nose of an ox milling cutter processing channel lower half portion of Φ 8R1.The process completes leaf dish channel roughing
Need 14.95 hours.
Invention content
Technical problems to be solved
From the point of view of the principle of machining, large-sized cutter compared to for small cutter have lot of advantages：Cutter
Rigidity and intensity are good, can be with the cutting-in of bigger and higher feed speed material removal, and cutter wear of the tool flank is relatively slow, quilt
The surface smoothness for processing part is high.In order to overcome, existing open type blisk channel rough machining method efficiency is low, cutter is rigid
Insufficient disadvantage, the present invention provides a kind of open type blisk multicutter subregion roughing processes.This method is first
The maximum that is calculated is applicable in tool dimension, selects more different sized knifes, and leaf dish channel is divided into multiple machining areas,
Each region carries out roughing using cutter as big as possible, and removal material more as possible can effectively improve open type entirety leaf
Disk channel roughing efficiency.
Technical solution
A kind of open type blisk channel multicutter subregion roughing process, it is characterised in that：Including with
Lower step：
Step 1：Blade to be processed carries out equal parameterized treatments on opposite opened blisk, obtains along runner direction and product
Several point of contact of folded axis direction, for each point of contact PCC(i, j) is obtained corresponding optimal cutter and is turned by following steps
Angle BO(i, j) and maximum applicable tool radius rL(i, j), wherein (i, j) is point of contact PCCThe parametrization serial number of (i, j)；According to
The corresponding maximum applicable tool radius r of all point of contactLThe range of (i, j) selects several process tools；
Step 1.1：Cutter coordinate system and cutter geometrical model are established, and determines cutter parameters：
The Cutter coordinate system is CSM(OM-xM-yM-zM), wherein Cutter coordinate system is fixed on the table；Machining coordinate
The y of systemMAxis is the own rotation axis of workbench, ZMThe parallel cutter axis orientation with four-shaft numerically controlled processing platform of axis；When entirety to be processed
Leaf dish clamping on the table when, the axis of rotation and y of blisk to be processedMOverlapping of axles；
The cutter geometrical model is by parameterr、rcAnd H is determined, whereinIndicate that cutter taper, r indicate cutter half
Diameter, rcIndicate that radius of corner, H indicate that tool blade is long；rcIt is to predefine variable with H, r is optimized variable；
Step 1.2：Under the conditions of a certain given cutter corner B, determine that Tool in Cutting is processed song by following steps
Face S0On point of contact PCCWhen applicable tool radius, the cutter corner B be blisk around yMThe corner of axis：
Step 1.2.1：In Cutter coordinate system, according to processed curved surface S0On point of contact PCCCoordinate [xCC,yCC,zCC
]T, point of contact PCCUnit normal vector n=[the n at placex,ny,nz]TAnd the coordinate [x, y, z] of checkpoint PT, pass through formula
Parameter, Δ x, Δ y, Δ z and λ is calculated；Wherein checkpoint P is located at processed curved surface S0Or check surface Si
On, and P ≠ PCC；The check surface is several containment surfaces in composition leaf dish channel in process, and does not include processed curved surface
S0；
Step 1.2.2：The parameter, Δ x obtained according to step 1.2.1, Δ y, Δ z and λ divide following four situation to distinguish
The corresponding applicable tool radius r (P, B) of checkpoint P are calculated：
Situation 1：Δz≥H-rc：
If inequalityIt sets up, then cutter always can be logical with leaf dish
Road interferes, r (P, B)=0；
If inequality
It sets up, then cutter will not interfere always with leaf dish channel, r (P, B)=∞；
Under the conditions of remaining,
Situation 2：
If inequalityIt sets up, then cutter can occur dry with leaf dish channel always
It relates to, r (P, B)=0；
If inequalityIt sets up, then cutter always will not
It is interfered with leaf dish channel, r (P, B)=∞；
Under the conditions of remaining,
Situation 3：
If inequality Δ x2+Δy2+Δz2≤rc 2It sets up, then cutter can interfere always with leaf dish channel, r (P, B)=
0；
If inequality
It sets up, then cutter will not interfere always with leaf dish channel, r (P, B)=∞；
Under the conditions of remaining,
Situation 4：Δ z <-rc：
Cutter will not interfere always with leaf dish channel, r (P, B)=∞；
Step 1.2.3：For processed curved surface S0Or check surface SiOn all test point P, substitute into step 1.2.1 respectively
And 1.2.2, the corresponding applicable tool radius r (P, B) of each test point is obtained, then takes the minimum value minr (P, B) therein to be
Under the conditions of corner B, processed curved surface S is cut0On point of contact PCCWhen applicable tool radius；
Step 1.3：Cutting processed curved surface S is calculated using dichotomy0On point of contact PCCWhen optimal cutter corner BO
With the applicable tool radius r of maximumL：
Step 1.3.1：Determine the initial right boundary B of cutter cornerLAnd BRAnd the positioning accuracy of worktable rotary axis
BP；
Step 1.3.2：According to the method in step 1.2, r is calculated separatelyM0(BL)、rMi(BL) and rM0(BR)、rMi
(BR)；Wherein rM0(BL) expression cutter corner be BL, checkpoint is in curved surface S to be processed0Under conditions of upper, cut and be processed song
Face S0On point of contact PCCWhen applicable tool radius, rMi(BL) expression cutter corner be BL, checkpoint is in check surface SiOn
Under the conditions of, cut processed curved surface S0On point of contact PCCWhen applicable tool radius；rM0(BR) expression cutter corner be BR, inspection
It makes an inventory of and is in curved surface S to be processed0Under conditions of upper, processed curved surface S is cut0On point of contact PCCWhen applicable tool radius,
rMi(BR) expression cutter corner be BR, checkpoint is in check surface SiUnder conditions of upper, processed curved surface S is cut0On point of contact
PCCWhen applicable tool radius；
Step 1.3.3：Take BLAnd BRTwo points of midpointsCalculate rM0(BM) and rMi(BM)；
Step 1.3.4：If | BL-BR|≤BPIt sets up, then takes BMFor optimal cutter corner BO, and take rM0(BM) and rMi(BM)
Minimum value as maximum applicable tool radius rL；Otherwise judge rM0(BM) and rMi(BM) magnitude relationship, if rM0(BM) < rMi
(BM) then enable BR=BM, otherwise enable BL=BM, return to step 1.3.2；
Step 2：Each point of contact P that the cutter parameters and step 1 of the process tool selected according to step 1 obtainCC
(i, j) maximum applicable tool radius rL(i, j) determines every machining area process tool：
If rL(i,j)≥r1, then point of contact PCC(i, j) with No. 1 tool sharpening, No. 1 cutter, which refers in step 1, to be selected
Process tool in the maximum cutters of tool radius r；
If rk≤rL(i, j) < rk-1, (k=2,3 ..., K), then point of contact PCC(i, j) uses k tool sharpenings, wherein K
For the process tool quantity selected in step 1；
To all point of contact PCC(i, j) is as above judged, every machining area process tool is obtained；
Step 3：Cutter path is generated by following steps：
Step 3.1：According to coordinate and point of contact corresponding process tool parameter of the point of contact in Cutter coordinate system,
Calculate the corresponding cutter location of point of contact：
PCL(i, j)=PCC(i,j)+n·rc+nT·rk+nc·rc
Wherein PCL(i, j)=[xCL,yCL,zCL]TFor cutter location, PCC(i, j)=[xCC,yCC,zCC]TFor point of contact, n=
[nx,ny,nz]TFor point of contact PCCPer unit system arrow at (i, j),nc=[0,0, -1]T；
Step 3.2：Along blade stacking axis direction be layered, by the cutting lay divided along blade stacking axis direction by by blade tip to
The sequence of blade root sorts, and uses LnIt indicates, n=1,2 ..., Ln, wherein number of plies Ln are calculated as follows：
H indicates that height of the blade along long-pending folded axle direction, Ap indicate axial cutting-in；
Step 3.3：Determine every machining locus process tool：For kth cutter, the process of machining locus is determined
For：
Traverse all cutting lay Ln, on each cutting lay, knife is checked one by one from leading edge to rear along leaf dish runner direction
Site PCL(i,j)：
If 1) the unavailable k tool sharpenings of the point, check next cutter location；
If 2) point can use k tool sharpenings, by cutter location PCL(i, j) is added in machining path, and carries out such as
Lower judgement：
(1) if, cutter location PCL(i, j) is this cutting lay first point, then generates a feed point being located on security plane,
And feed point is added in machining path, and before being placed in the cutter location；
(2) if, cutter location PCL(i, j) is the first point of continuous cutter location, and former point is machined point, then takes previous knife
Site PCL(i-1, j) is feed point, and feed point is added in machining path, and before being placed in the cutter location；The continuous knife
Site refers to the cutter location that several continuous cutter locations are available k tool sharpenings；
(3) if, cutter location PCL(i, j) is the last point of this cutting lay end point or continuous cutter location, then generating one is located at
Withdrawing point on security plane, and withdrawing point is added in machining path, and after being placed in the cutter location；
(4) if, cutter location PCL(i, j) is the first point of continuous cutter location, and former point is undressed point, then along leaf dish stream
Road direction checks cutter location P one by one from rear to leading edgeCL(i,j)；Detection mode is identical as the test mode from leading edge to rear；
Step 4：According to the cutter path that step 3 generates, using the feed on the outside of channel, the maximum cutter of diameter is first used
Complete the roughing of corresponding machining area in a manner of layered milling, then tool changing, the cutter being relatively large in diameter using next is complete
At the processing of corresponding region, until last minimum cutter completes the roughing in channel.
Advantageous effect
The present invention uses multicutter subregion roughing process, and large scale is used as far as possible in different machining areas
Cutter is processed.Since the large scale cutter either processing efficiency in the roughing of channel or rigidity are superior to small size
Cutter, and the roughing surplus more than 80% can be removed；Other 20% blisk roughing surplus passes through small cutter
Side milling is layered to complete, all NC milling technique can be completed by clamped one time for workpiece, improve open type entirety
The rough machined efficiency in leaf dish channel.It is 565808mm with material removal amount3Open type blisk roughing for, the used time is by carrying on the back
14.95 hours of scape technology are reduced to 8.29 hours.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become in the description from combination following accompanying drawings to embodiment
Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1 is blisk model to be processed.
Fig. 2 is cutter for same parameterized model.
Fig. 3 is blisk pressure face result of calculation.
Fig. 4 is blisk suction surface result of calculation.
Fig. 5 is machining area division result.
Fig. 6 is the segment of cutting knife rail on suction surface and pressure face.
Fig. 7 is the cutter path of No. 2 Tool in Cutting pressure faces.
Fig. 8 is channel roughing Vericut simulation results 1.
Fig. 9 is channel roughing Vericut simulation results 2.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, the embodiment is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and
It is not considered as limiting the invention.
Open type blisk channel multicutter subregion roughing process in the present embodiment includes the following steps：
Step 1：Blade to be processed carries out equal parameterized treatments on opposite opened blisk, obtains along runner direction and product
Several point of contact of folded axis direction, for each point of contact PCC(i, j) is obtained corresponding optimal cutter and is turned by following steps
Angle BO(i, j) and maximum applicable tool radius rL(i, j), wherein (i, j) is point of contact PCCThe parametrization serial number of (i, j)；According to
The corresponding maximum applicable tool radius r of all point of contactLThe range of (i, j) selects several process tools.
Blisk is made of blade and wheel hub, and blade includes that pressure face, suction surface and front and rear edge are constituted.It needs to add
The channel of work is surrounded by pressure face, suction surface and wheel hub.It is the blisk mould to be processed of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 1
Type, leaf dish hub diameter are 88mm, and axial width 35mm, blade is along long-pending folded axle direction height h=46mm.It is illustrated in figure 2 knife
The parameterized model of tool,Indicate that cutter taper, r indicate tool radius, rcIndicate cutter radius of corner.
On blade according to etc. parameter distributions, calculating obtain 71 × 81 (runner direction × long-pending folded axle direction) a knives touch
Point.For each cutter-contact point PCC, the applicable tool radius r of maximum of pressure face and suction surface is calculated separately by the following methodL
And corresponding optimal cutter corner BO, cutter taper is set when calculatingRadius of corner rc=1mm.
Step 1.1：Cutter coordinate system and cutter geometrical model are established, and determines cutter parameters：
The Cutter coordinate system is CSM(OM-xM-yM-zM), wherein Cutter coordinate system is fixed on the table；Machining coordinate
The y of systemMAxis is the own rotation axis of workbench, ZMThe parallel cutter axis orientation with four-shaft numerically controlled processing platform of axis；When entirety to be processed
Leaf dish clamping on the table when, the axis of rotation and y of blisk to be processedMOverlapping of axles；
The cutter geometrical model is by parameterr、rcAnd H is determined, whereinIndicate that cutter taper, r indicate cutter half
Diameter, rcIndicate that radius of corner, H indicate that tool blade is long；rcIt is to predefine variable with H, r is optimized variable；
Step 1.2：Under the conditions of a certain given cutter corner B, determine that Tool in Cutting is processed song by following steps
Face S0On point of contact PCCWhen applicable tool radius, the cutter corner B be blisk around yMThe corner of axis：
Step 1.2.1：In Cutter coordinate system, according to processed curved surface S0On point of contact PCCCoordinate [xCC,yCC,zCC
]T, point of contact PCCUnit normal vector n=[the n at placex,ny,nz]TAnd the coordinate [x, y, z] of checkpoint PT, pass through formula
Parameter, Δ x, Δ y, Δ z and λ is calculated；Wherein checkpoint P is located at processed curved surface S0Or check surface Si
On, and P ≠ PCC；The check surface is several containment surfaces in composition leaf dish channel in process, and does not include processed curved surface
S0；
Step 1.2.2：The parameter, Δ x obtained according to step 1.2.1, Δ y, Δ z and λ divide following four situation to distinguish
The corresponding applicable tool radius r (P, B) of checkpoint P are calculated：
Situation 1：Δz≥H-rc：
If inequalityIt sets up, then cutter always can be logical with leaf dish
Road interferes, r (P, B)=0；
If inequality
It sets up, then cutter will not interfere always with leaf dish channel, r (P, B)=∞；
Under the conditions of remaining,
Situation 2：
If inequalityIt sets up, then cutter can occur dry with leaf dish channel always
It relates to, r (P, B)=0；
If inequalityIt sets up, then cutter always will not
It is interfered with leaf dish channel, r (P, B)=∞；
Under the conditions of remaining,
Situation 3：
If inequality Δ x2+Δy2+Δz2≤rc 2It sets up, then cutter can interfere always with leaf dish channel, r (P, B)=
0；
If inequality
It sets up, then cutter will not interfere always with leaf dish channel, r (P, B)=∞；
Under the conditions of remaining,
Situation 4：Δ z <-rc：
Cutter will not interfere always with leaf dish channel, r (P, B)=∞；
Step 1.2.3：For processed curved surface S0Or check surface SiOn all test point P, substitute into step 1.2.1 respectively
And 1.2.2, the corresponding applicable tool radius r (P, B) of each test point is obtained, then takes the minimum value minr (P, B) therein to be
Under the conditions of corner B, processed curved surface S is cut0On point of contact PCCWhen applicable tool radius；
Step 1.3：Cutting processed curved surface S is calculated using dichotomy0On point of contact PCCWhen optimal cutter corner BO
With the applicable tool radius r of maximumL：
Step 1.3.1：Determine the initial right boundary B of cutter cornerLAnd BRAnd the positioning accuracy of worktable rotary axis
BP；
Step 1.3.2：According to the method in step 1.2, r is calculated separatelyM0(BL)、rMi(BL) and rM0(BR)、rMi
(BR)；Wherein rM0(BL) expression cutter corner be BL, checkpoint is in curved surface S to be processed0Under conditions of upper, cut and be processed song
Face S0On point of contact PCCWhen applicable tool radius, rMi(BL) expression cutter corner be BL, checkpoint is in check surface SiOn
Under the conditions of, cut processed curved surface S0On point of contact PCCWhen applicable tool radius；rM0(BR) expression cutter corner be BR, inspection
It makes an inventory of and is in curved surface S to be processed0Under conditions of upper, processed curved surface S is cut0On point of contact PCCWhen applicable tool radius,
rMi(BR) expression cutter corner be BR, checkpoint is in check surface SiUnder conditions of upper, processed curved surface S is cut0On point of contact
PCCWhen applicable tool radius；
Step 1.3.3：Take BLAnd BRTwo points of midpointsCalculate rM0(BM) and rMi(BM)；
Step 1.3.4：If | BL-BR|≤BPIt sets up, then takes BMFor optimal cutter corner BO, and take rM0(BM) and rMi(BM)
Minimum value as maximum applicable tool radius rL；Otherwise judge rM0(BM) and rMi(BM) magnitude relationship, if rM0(BM) < rMi
(BM) then enable BR=BM, otherwise enable BL=BM, return to step 1.3.2.
Result of calculation is as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.The result of calculation of suction surface and pressure face is integrated, maximum is suitable in all cutter-contact points
With tool radius maximum value max (rL)=16.97mm, the applicable tool radius minimum value min (r of maximumL)=3.21mm.According to meter
It calculates result and has selected six staight shank corner rounding(milling) cutter according to size is descending, cutter parameters are as shown in Table 1.
Cutter selected by table 1
Step 2：For every cutter, calculate separately pressure face can machining area and suction surface can machining area.
Region division principle：To each point of contact, with cutter of the channel without interference when judging to cut this, while tool dimension will use up
It may be big.
Each point of contact P that the cutter parameters and step 1 of the process tool selected according to step 1 obtainCC(i, j) most
Tool radius r applicable greatlyL(i, j) determines every machining area process tool：
If rL(i,j)≥r1, then point of contact PCC(i, j) with No. 1 tool sharpening, No. 1 cutter, which refers in step 1, to be selected
Process tool in the maximum cutters of tool radius r；
If rk≤rL(i, j) < rk-1, (k=2,3 ..., K), then point of contact PCC(i, j) uses k tool sharpenings, wherein K
For the process tool quantity selected in step 1；
To all point of contact PCC(i, j) is as above judged, every machining area process tool is obtained, such as Fig. 5 institutes
Show.
Step 3：Cutter path is generated by following steps；The used Processing Strategies of the present invention are multicutter subregion
Layered milling, and big cutter is first cut, and is cut after small cutter.
Step 3.1：According to coordinate and point of contact corresponding process tool parameter of the point of contact in Cutter coordinate system,
Calculate the corresponding cutter location of point of contact：
PCL(i, j)=PCC(i,j)+n·rc+nT·rk+nc·rc
Wherein PCL(i, j)=[xCL,yCL,zCL]TFor cutter location, PCC(i, j)=[xCC,yCC,zCC]TFor point of contact, n=
[nx,ny,nz]TFor point of contact PCCPer unit system arrow at (i, j),nc=[0,0, -1]T；
Step 3.2：Along blade stacking axis direction be layered, by the cutting lay divided along blade stacking axis direction by by blade tip to
The sequence of blade root sorts, and uses LnIt indicates, n=1,2 ..., Ln, wherein number of plies Ln are calculated as follows：
H indicates that height of the blade along long-pending folded axle direction, Ap indicate axial cutting-in；
Step 3.3：Determine every machining locus process tool：For kth cutter, the process of machining locus is determined
For：
Traverse all cutting lay Ln, on each cutting lay, knife is checked one by one from leading edge to rear along leaf dish runner direction
Site PCL(i,j)：
If 1) the unavailable k tool sharpenings of the point, check next cutter location；
If 2) point can use k tool sharpenings, by cutter location PCL(i, j) is added in machining path, and carries out such as
Lower judgement：
(1) if, cutter location PCL(i, j) is this cutting lay first point, then generates a feed point being located on security plane,
And feed point is added in machining path, and before being placed in the cutter location；
(2) if, cutter location PCL(i, j) is the first point of continuous cutter location, and former point is machined point, then takes previous knife
Site PCL(i-1, j) is feed point, and feed point is added in machining path, and before being placed in the cutter location；The continuous knife
Site refers to the cutter location that several continuous cutter locations are available k tool sharpenings；
(3) if, cutter location PCL(i, j) is the last point of this cutting lay end point or continuous cutter location, then generating one is located at
Withdrawing point on security plane, and withdrawing point is added in machining path, and after being placed in the cutter location；
(4) if, cutter location PCL(i, j) is the first point of continuous cutter location, and former point is undressed point, then along leaf dish stream
Road direction checks cutter location P one by one from rear to leading edgeCL(i,j)；Detection mode is identical as the test mode from leading edge to rear.
The present embodiment carries out leaf dish channel roughing using multicutter subregion layered milling method, and interlamellar spacing is set as
0.57mm cuts 80 layers altogether, and the cutting pressure face of generation and the segment of cutting cutter path of cutting suction surface are as shown in Figure 6.Such as Fig. 7
Show cutter path when No. 2 Tool in Cutting pressure faces, contain feed section, segment of cutting and withdrawing section (in order to indicate clear,
One section of knife rail is shown every a cutting lay).
Step 4：According to the cutter path that step 3 generates diameter is first used using from leaf dish blank upside or downside feed
Maximum cutter completes the roughing of corresponding machining area in a manner of layered milling, then tool changing, using it is next diameter compared with
Big cutter completes the processing of corresponding region, until last minimum cutter completes the roughing in channel.To every cutter
The region to be processed, first completes the processing of pressure face, then carries out the processing of suction surface.Each cutter corresponds to machining area area ratio
And its channel material volume of removal is as shown in the table.
2 each Tool in Cutting region area of table and material removal volume
As can be seen from the above table, preceding 4 have reached the 88.2% of channel volume the material volume of cutter removal.
It is that every channel pattern after tool sharpening is emulated in Vericut as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9.A-quadrant is
Channel after Cutter1 processing；B area is the channel after Cutter1 and Cutter2 processing；The regions C be Cutter1,
Channel after Cutter2 and Cutter3 processing；The regions D are after Cutter1, Cutter2, Cutter3 and Cutter4 are processed
Channel；The regions E are the channel after Cutter1, Cutter2, Cutter3, Cutter4 and Cutter5 processing；The regions F are all 6
The channel after the completion of tool sharpening.
Applicant uses process of the present invention, with selected 6 cutter and the cutter path of generation, at one
4 Shaft and NC Machining Test milling machines process the leaf dish, and processing efficiency compared with the background art, improves 44.5%.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art are not departing from the principle of the present invention and objective
In the case of can make changes, modifications, alterations, and variations to the above described embodiments within the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of open type blisk channel multicutter subregion roughing process, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
Step 1：Blade to be processed carries out equal parameterized treatments on opposite opened blisk, obtains along runner direction and long-pending folded axle
Several point of contact in direction, for each point of contact PCC(i, j) obtains corresponding optimal cutter corner B by following stepsO
(i, j) and maximum applicable tool radius rL(i, j), wherein (i, j) is point of contact PCCThe parametrization serial number of (i, j)；According to all
The corresponding maximum applicable tool radius r of point of contactLThe range of (i, j) selects several process tools；
Step 1.1：Cutter coordinate system and cutter geometrical model are established, and determines cutter parameters：
The Cutter coordinate system is CSM(OM-xM-yM-zM), wherein Cutter coordinate system is fixed on the table；Cutter coordinate system
yMAxis is the own rotation axis of workbench, ZMThe parallel cutter axis orientation with four-shaft numerically controlled processing platform of axis；When blisk to be processed
Clamping on the table when, the axis of rotation and y of blisk to be processedMOverlapping of axles；
The cutter geometrical model is by parameterr、rcAnd H is determined, whereinIndicate that cutter taper, r indicate tool radius, rc
Indicate that radius of corner, H indicate that tool blade is long；rcIt is to predefine variable with H, r is optimized variable；
Step 1.2：Under the conditions of a certain given cutter corner B, Tool in Cutting processed curved surface S is determined by following steps0On
Point of contact PCCWhen applicable tool radius, the cutter corner B be blisk around yMThe corner of axis：
Step 1.2.1：In Cutter coordinate system, according to processed curved surface S0On point of contact PCCCoordinate [xCC,yCC,zCC]T, contact
Point PCCUnit normal vector n=[the n at placex,ny,nz]TAnd the coordinate [x, y, z] of checkpoint PT, pass through formula
Parameter, Δ x, Δ y, Δ z and λ is calculated；Wherein checkpoint P is located at processed curved surface S0Or check surface SiOn, and P
≠PCC；The check surface is several containment surfaces in composition leaf dish channel in process, and does not include processed curved surface S0；
Step 1.2.2：The parameter, Δ x obtained according to step 1.2.1, Δ y, Δ z and λ, a point following four situation calculate separately
Obtain the corresponding applicable tool radius r (P, B) of checkpoint P：
Situation 1：Δz≥H-rc：
If inequalityIt sets up, then cutter can be sent out always with leaf dish channel
Raw interference, r (P, B)=0；
If inequality
It sets up, then cutter will not interfere always with leaf dish channel, r (P, B)=∞；
Under the conditions of remaining,
Situation 2：
If inequalityIt sets up, then cutter can interfere always with leaf dish channel, r
(P, B)=0；
If inequalityIt sets up, then cutter always will not be with leaf
Disk channel interferes, r (P, B)=∞；
Under the conditions of remaining,
Situation 3：
If inequality Δ x2+Δy2+Δz2≤rc 2It sets up, then cutter can interfere always with leaf dish channel, r (P, B)=0；
If inequality
It sets up, then cutter will not interfere always with leaf dish channel, r (P, B)=∞；
Under the conditions of remaining,
Situation 4：Δ z <-rc：
Cutter will not interfere always with leaf dish channel, r (P, B)=∞；
Step 1.2.3：For processed curved surface S0Or check surface SiOn all test point P, respectively substitute into step 1.2.1 and
1.2.2, obtain the corresponding applicable tool radius r (P, B) of each test point, then take minimum value minr (P, B) therein be
Under the conditions of corner B, processed curved surface S is cut0On point of contact PCCWhen applicable tool radius；
Step 1.3：Cutting processed curved surface S is calculated using dichotomy0On point of contact PCCWhen optimal cutter corner BOAnd maximum
It is applicable in tool radius rL：
Step 1.3.1：Determine the initial right boundary B of cutter cornerLAnd BRAnd the positioning accuracy B of worktable rotary axisP；
Step 1.3.2：According to the method in step 1.2, r is calculated separatelyM0(BL)、rMi(BL) and rM0(BR)、rMi(BR)；Its
Middle rM0(BL) expression cutter corner be BL, checkpoint is in curved surface S to be processed0Under conditions of upper, processed curved surface S is cut0On
Point of contact PCCWhen applicable tool radius, rMi(BL) expression cutter corner be BL, checkpoint is in check surface SiUnder conditions of upper,
Cut processed curved surface S0On point of contact PCCWhen applicable tool radius；rM0(BR) expression cutter corner be BR, at checkpoint
In curved surface S to be processed0Under conditions of upper, processed curved surface S is cut0On point of contact PCCWhen applicable tool radius, rMi(BR)
Expression cutter corner is BR, checkpoint is in check surface SiUnder conditions of upper, processed curved surface S is cut0On point of contact PCCWhen
It is applicable in tool radius；
Step 1.3.3：Take BLAnd BRTwo points of midpointsCalculate rM0(BM) and rMi(BM)；
Step 1.3.4：If | BL-BR|≤BPIt sets up, then takes BMFor optimal cutter corner BO, and take rM0(BM) and rMi(BM) most
Small value is as maximum applicable tool radius rL；Otherwise judge rM0(BM) and rMi(BM) magnitude relationship, if rM0(BM) < rMi(BM)
Then enable BR=BM, otherwise enable BL=BM, return to step 1.3.2；
Step 2：Each point of contact P that the cutter parameters and step 1 of the process tool selected according to step 1 obtainCC(i,j)
The applicable tool radius r of maximumL(i, j) determines every machining area process tool：
If rL(i,j)≥r1, then point of contact PCC(i, j) with No. 1 tool sharpening, No. 1 cutter refer to it is being selected in step 1 plus
The maximum cutters of tool radius r in work cutter；
If rk≤rL(i, j) < rk-1, (k=2,3 ..., K), then point of contact PCCIt is step that (i, j), which uses k tool sharpenings, wherein K,
The process tool quantity selected in rapid 1；
To all point of contact PCC(i, j) is as above judged, every machining area process tool is obtained；
Step 3：Cutter path is generated by following steps：
Step 3.1：According to coordinate and point of contact corresponding process tool parameter of the point of contact in Cutter coordinate system, calculate
The corresponding cutter location of point of contact：
PCL(i, j)=PCC(i,j)+n·rc+nT·rk+nc·rc
Wherein PCL(i, j)=[xCL,yCL,zCL]TFor cutter location, PCC(i, j)=[xCC,yCC,zCC]TFor point of contact, n=[nx,ny,
nz]TFor point of contact PCCPer unit system arrow at (i, j),nc=[0,0, -1]T；
Step 3.2：It is layered along blade stacking axis direction, the cutting lay divided along blade stacking axis direction is pressed by blade tip to blade root
Sequence sequence, use LnIt indicates, n=1,2 ..., Ln, wherein number of plies Ln are calculated as follows：
H indicates that height of the blade along long-pending folded axle direction, Ap indicate axial cutting-in；
Step 3.3：Determine every machining locus process tool：For kth cutter, determine that the process of machining locus is：
Traverse all cutting lay Ln, on each cutting lay, cutter location is checked one by one from leading edge to rear along leaf dish runner direction
PCL(i,j)：
If 1) cutter location PCL(i, j) unavailable k tool sharpenings, then check next cutter location；
If 2) cutter location PCL(i, j) can use k tool sharpenings, then by cutter location PCL(i, j) is added in machining path, and
It makes the following judgment：
(1) if, cutter location PCL(i, j) is this cutting lay first point, then generates a feed point being located on security plane, and will
Feed point is added in machining path, and before being placed in the cutter location；
(2) if, cutter location PCL(i, j) is the first point of continuous cutter location, and former point is machined point, then takes previous cutter location
PCL(i-1, j) is feed point, and feed point is added in machining path, and before being placed in the cutter location；The continuous cutter location
Refer to the cutter location that several continuous cutter locations are available k tool sharpenings；
(3) if, cutter location PCL(i, j) is the last point of this cutting lay end point or continuous cutter location, then generates one and be located at safety
Withdrawing point in plane, and withdrawing point is added in machining path, and after being placed in the cutter location；
(4) if, cutter location PCL(i, j) is the first point of continuous cutter location, and former point is undressed point, then along leaf dish runner side
To checking cutter location P one by one from rear to leading edgeCL(i,j)；Detection mode is identical as the test mode from leading edge to rear；
Step 4：According to the cutter path that step 3 generates, using the feed on the outside of channel, first using the maximum cutter of diameter to divide
The mode of layer milling completes the roughing of corresponding machining area, and then tool changing completes phase using the next cutter being relatively large in diameter
The processing in region is answered, until last minimum cutter completes the roughing in channel.
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| CN108363890B (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2021-09-28 | 西北工业大学 | Method for evaluating material residual height of open type blisk channel plunge milling rough machining |
| CN108746668A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-11-06 | 郑州飞机装备有限责任公司 | A kind of method for fine finishing of helicoid |
| CN108829030B (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2021-08-20 | 昆明理工大学 | Characteristic tool path optimization method for blade root of integral impeller |
| CN108817488B (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2020-04-03 | 西北工业大学 | Precision calibration method for blisk composite numerical control milling double-column machine tool |
| CN109857065B (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2021-11-19 | 天津银宝山新科技有限公司 | Large-scale mold deep cavity roughing method and application |
| CN112404539A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-02-26 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Blisk rough milling method |
| CN113885439B (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2023-05-23 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Blade curvature identification and program optimization method based on machine tool indexing |
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