CN107558985A - A kind of well spacing and reservoir treating method of oil shale in-situ exploitation - Google Patents

A kind of well spacing and reservoir treating method of oil shale in-situ exploitation Download PDF

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CN107558985A
CN107558985A CN201710824476.0A CN201710824476A CN107558985A CN 107558985 A CN107558985 A CN 107558985A CN 201710824476 A CN201710824476 A CN 201710824476A CN 107558985 A CN107558985 A CN 107558985A
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well
vertical shaft
oil shale
horizontal
level
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CN107558985B (en
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孙友宏
赵帅
***
韩婧
刘召
康世杰
陈强
王振东
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Jilin University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of well spacing of oil shale in-situ exploitation and reservoir treating method, in oil shale recovery regional extent, lays two mouthfuls of water horizontal wells and six mouthfuls of vertical shafts;Vertical shaft is distributed on the both sides in oil shale recovery region, first level well and the second horizontal well and drilled respectively to the upper plate of oil shale and lower shoe into skew symmetry mode, first level well and the second horizontal well.First level well and the second horizontal well have distance in horizontal, vertical direction and are in inlay state;Multilateral Wells are ejected to first level well and the second horizontal well respectively by the way of water-jet.For first level well and the second horizontal well, go out 3 Multilateral Wells in oil shale formation with top vectored injection downwards using water-jet drilling tool respectively;Finally, the Multilateral Wells of first level well, the Multilateral Wells of the second horizontal well and all vertical shaft pressure breaks are penetrated by the way of hydraulic fracturing, its crack is more developed, porosity further improves with permeance property.

Description

A kind of well spacing and reservoir treating method of oil shale in-situ exploitation
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil shale in-situ cracking exploitation field, the well spacing and ground of more particularly to a kind of oil shale in-situ exploitation Layer processing method.
Background technology
The key for realizing oil shale in-situ exploitation is that kerogenic cracking is completed in underground, and usual oil shale layer is positioned at deposition Between the upper plate and lower shoe in basin, rock stratum is dense, and permeability and porosity are relatively low.Therefore, try to carry The permeability and porosity of high oil shale layer, the quality and the rate of oil and gas recovery of oil shale in-situ cracking can be effectively improved.Mesh What the in-situ retorting of preceding oil shale was mainly studied is its recovery method and heating means(Such as:CN 103321618 A), either Subsurface heater and heating system etc.(Such as:CN104775801A;CN204457711U etc.).For the well spacing side of oil shale recovery The research of formula and reservoir treating method is relatively fewer, and hole pattern and the reasonability and science of reservoir treating method, will be straight Connecing influences the lysisin situ quality and recovery ratio of oil shale.Therefore the present invention just improves oil shale underground fracture quality and recovery ratio For target, scientific and reasonable explanation is provided to the processing method and hole pattern of oil shale formation.
The content of the invention
For in the work progress of oil shale in-situ cracking exploitation, the primary rocks in deposits of oil shale is fine and close, and porosity is with oozing The problem of rate is low thoroughly, effectively to save material, saving the energy and adhere to the principle of sustainable use, present invention offer is a kind of rationally And the well spacing and reservoir treating mode of the oil shale in-situ cracking exploitation of science, to improve the quality of oil shale in-situ cracking with adopting Yield.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
The buried depth of oil shale formation is determined, determines the position of oil shale upper plate and lower shoe.Using the drilling well of horizontal well Mode bores two mouthfuls of water horizontal wells, the respectively horizontal well 2 of first level well 1 and second, conduct in the range of being exploited respectively Recovery well.Second horizontal well 2 passes through oil through whole oil shale formation and positioned at the lower shoe of oil shale layer, first level well 1 The superstratum of rammell and the upper plate for being located at oil shale layer;
The horizontal well 2 of first level well 1 and second into skew symmetry mode, i.e. the second horizontal well 2 with first level well 1 in the horizontal direction A distance away, the horizontal well 2 of first level well 1 and second in vertical direction also a distance away, first level well 1 is located at On the left of the upper plate of oil shale in-situ productive formation, apart from production zone left side edge 20m;Second horizontal well 2 is located at oil shale On the right side of in-situ retorting lower shoe, apart from production zone right side edge 20m;
3 mouthfuls of vertical shafts, respectively vertical shaft first are laid at oil shale recovery edges of regions 10m in the left side of first level well 1 31st, the second vertical shaft 32, the 3rd vertical shaft 33, the distance between the first vertical shaft 31 and the second vertical shaft 32 are 60m, the second vertical shaft 32 and the The distance between three vertical shafts 33 are 60m;3 mouthfuls are laid at oil shale recovery edges of regions 10m on the right side of the second horizontal well 2 Vertical shaft, respectively vertical shaft the 4th 34, the 5th vertical shaft 35, the 6th vertical shaft 36, the distance between the 3rd vertical shaft 33 and the 4th vertical shaft 34 It is 60m for the distance between 60m, the 4th vertical shaft 34 and the 5th vertical shaft 35, the distance between the 5th vertical shaft 35 and the 6th vertical shaft 36 For 60m;
As the preferred of above-mentioned technical proposal, first level well 1 and the second horizontal well 2 are sprayed respectively by the way of water-jet Project Multilateral Wells.For first level well 1, it is downwardly oriented using water-jet drilling tool and ejects 3 in oil shale formation Multilateral Wells;For the second horizontal well 2,3 branches in oil shale formation are ejected using water-jet drilling tool is upwardly-directed Well, the Multilateral Wells of the horizontal well 2 of first level well 1 and second are in inlay state;
As the preferred of above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention is using hydraulic fracturing by the way of by the Multilateral Wells of first level well 1 and the The Multilateral Wells pressure break insertion of two horizontal wells 2 makes its crack more develop, and porosity further improves with connectivity.
The operation principle and process of the present invention:
Carry out the fracture job of each Multilateral Wells of first level well 1 and each Multilateral Wells of the second horizontal well 2.Using waterpower pressure The measure split carries out pressure break to the horizontal well 2 of first level well 1 and second.Fracturing fluid is passed through into first level well 1 and during pressure break Two horizontal wells 2 inject, and the first vertical shaft 31, the second vertical shaft 32, the 3rd vertical shaft 33, the 4th vertical shaft 34, the 5th vertical shaft 35 and the 6th are perpendicular Flow pass of the well 36 as fracturing fluid.The block ring of first level well 1 is suppressed first level well 1 by pressure when passing through pressure break End, the block ring of the second horizontal well 2 is suppressed to the end of the second horizontal well 2 in the same manner.And pressure break first level Well 1, each Multilateral Wells of the second horizontal well 2 and the first vertical shaft 31, the second vertical shaft 32, the 3rd vertical shaft 33, the 4th vertical shaft the 34, the 5th Vertical shaft 35, the 6th vertical shaft 36, improve the permeability and porosity of whole oil shale formation;
By can more be filled to 6 mouthfuls of vertical shafts and 2 mouthfuls of water horizontal wells and its perforating and fracturing of Multilateral Wells, the pores'growth of oil shale formation Point, can be using the horizontal well 2 of first level well 1 and second as heated well;Heat is by the Multilateral Wells of first level well 1, with The crack of the Multilateral Wells of two horizontal wells 2 is extended, and heats whole oil shale layer, simultaneously because cranny development, splits by heating Shale oil after solution can be extracted with shale gas by 6 mouthfuls of vertical shafts;
The heated well that can exploit 6 mouthfuls of vertical shafts as oil shale in-situ, the heat of injection are entered by the crack between each vertical shaft Row extension, whole oil shale layer is heated, after oil shale is heated, kerogen cracking produces shale oil and gas, in injection heating In well under the displacement effect of gas, oil gas, by the Multilateral Wells of horizontal well, then passes through horizontal well by crack caused by pressure break Multilateral Wells enter the horizontal well 2 of first level well 1 and second, and then pass through the horizontal well 2 of first level well 1 and second and extract to ground Face device.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
For in the work progress of oil shale in-situ cracking exploitation, the primary rocks in deposits of oil shale is fine and close, porosity and infiltration Rate is low, and the Multilateral Wells of horizontal well and the insertion of the Multilateral Wells pressure break of horizontal well are made its crack by the present invention by the way of hydraulic fracturing More develop, porosity further improves with connectivity, so as to lift the quality and recovery ratio of oil shale in-situ cracking.Save Material, save the energy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of oil shale in-situ productive formation processing method schematic diagram of the present invention.
A kind of oil shale in-situ that Fig. 2 is the present invention exploits well-arranging procedure schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The production zone for shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, determining oil shale in-situ cracking is referred to, determines oil shale upper plate with The position of bottom plate.At oil shale layer 460m located underground to 489m;The production zone of oil shale is length 180m, width 80m's Rectangular area.First level well 1 is drilled out apart from production zone left side edge 20m, the length of first level well 1 is that 180m is located at oily page The upper plate of rock stratum;The second horizontal well 2 is drilled out at production zone right side edge 20m, the length of the second horizontal well 2 is 180m, It is drilled into the lower shoe of oil shale layer, the horizontal well 2 of first level well 1 and second is into skew symmetry mode;Respectively 6 are arranged in production zone Mouthful vertical shaft, respectively arranges 3 mouthfuls of vertical shafts in the both sides of the horizontal well 2 of first level well 1 and second, i.e., vertical shaft the 1st, the second vertical shaft 32, 3rd vertical shaft 33 is arranged in the left side of first level well 1, and the distance between the first vertical shaft 31 and the second vertical shaft 32 are 60m, second The distance between vertical shaft 33 of vertical shaft 32 and the 3rd is 60m;4th vertical shaft 34, the 5th vertical shaft 35, the 6th vertical shaft 36 are arranged in second The right side of horizontal well 2, the distance between the 3rd vertical shaft 33 and the 4th vertical shaft 34 are 60m, the 4th vertical shaft 34 and vertical shaft the 5th 35 it Between distance be 60m, the distance between the 5th vertical shaft 35 and the 6th vertical shaft 36 be 60m;
The drilling of horizontal well Multilateral Wells is carried out by the way of water-jet to first level well 1.Water-jet drilling tool is placed In the end of first level well 1, the spray-hole of water-jet drilling tool is set to be rushed towards oil shale formation by the big pump amount of slush pump The effect of hitting, the first Multilateral Wells 11 of first level well 1 are drilled out in oil shale layer;Then upper water lift power sprays drilling tool to well head, And block ring is transferred at the front end 40m of the first Multilateral Wells 11 of first level well 1, water-jet drilling tool is transferred again, by water Power injection drilling tool is positioned over block ring front end, the spray-hole of water-jet drilling tool is passed through slush pump towards oil shale formation Big pump stroke effect, the second Multilateral Wells 12 of first level well 1 are drilled out in oil shale layer;Then upper water lift power injection drilling tool To well head, and transfer block ring and bore at the front end 40m of the second Multilateral Wells 12 of first level well 1, transferring water-jet again Tool, is positioned over block ring front end by water-jet drilling tool, the spray-hole of water-jet drilling tool is passed through mud towards oil shale formation The big pump stroke effect of stock pump, the 3rd Multilateral Wells 13 of water first level well 1 are drilled out in oil shale layer;
The drilling of horizontal well Multilateral Wells is carried out by the way of water-jet to the second horizontal well 2.Water-jet drilling tool is placed In the end of the second horizontal well 2, the spray-hole of water-jet drilling tool is set to be rushed towards oil shale formation by the big pump amount of slush pump The effect of hitting, the 4th Multilateral Wells 21 of the second horizontal well 2 are drilled out in oil shale layer;Then upper water lift power sprays drilling tool to well head, And block ring is transferred at the front end 40m of the 4th Multilateral Wells 21 of the second horizontal well 2, water-jet drilling tool is transferred again, by water Power injection drilling tool is positioned over block ring front end, the spray-hole of water-jet drilling tool is passed through slush pump towards oil shale formation Big pump stroke effect, the quintafurcation well 22 of the second horizontal well 2 is drilled out in oil shale layer;Then upper water lift power injection drilling tool To well head, and block ring is transferred to the front end 40m of the quintafurcation well 22 of the second horizontal well 2, transfer water-jet drilling tool again, Water-jet drilling tool is positioned over block ring front end, the spray-hole of water-jet drilling tool is passed through mud towards oil shale formation The big pump stroke effect of pump, the 6th Multilateral Wells 23 of the second horizontal well 2 are drilled out in oil shale layer.
The operation principle and process of the present invention:
Refer to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, each Multilateral Wells and each Multilateral Wells of the second horizontal well 2 of progress first level well 1 Fracture job.Pressure break is carried out to the horizontal well 2 of first level well 1 and second using the measure of hydraulic fracturing.By fracturing fluid during pressure break Injected by first level well 1 and the second horizontal well 2, the first vertical shaft 31, the second vertical shaft 32, the 3rd vertical shaft 33, the 4th vertical shaft 34, The flow pass of 5th vertical shaft 35 and the 6th vertical shaft 36 as fracturing fluid.Pressure when passing through pressure break is by the resistance of first level well 1 The end of ring compacting first level well 1 is flowed, the block ring of the second horizontal well 2 is suppressed to the end of the second horizontal well 2 in the same manner End.And pressure break first level well 1, each Multilateral Wells of the second horizontal well 2 and the first vertical shaft 31, the second vertical shaft the 32, the 3rd are perpendicular Well 33, the 4th vertical shaft 34, the 5th vertical shaft 35, the 6th vertical shaft 36, improve the permeability and porosity of whole oil shale formation;
By can more be filled to 6 mouthfuls of vertical shafts and 2 mouthfuls of water horizontal wells and its perforating and fracturing of Multilateral Wells, the pores'growth of oil shale formation Point, can be using the horizontal well 2 of first level well 1 and second as heated well;Heat is by the Multilateral Wells of first level well 1, with The crack of the Multilateral Wells of two horizontal wells 2 is extended, and heats whole oil shale layer, simultaneously because cranny development, splits by heating Shale oil after solution can be extracted with shale gas by 6 mouthfuls of vertical shafts;
The heated well that can exploit 6 mouthfuls of vertical shafts as oil shale in-situ, the heat of injection are entered by the crack between each vertical shaft Row extension, whole oil shale layer is heated, after oil shale is heated, kerogen cracking produces shale oil and gas, in injection heating In well under the displacement effect of gas, oil gas, by the Multilateral Wells of horizontal well, then passes through horizontal well by crack caused by pressure break Multilateral Wells enter the horizontal well 2 of first level well 1 and second, and then pass through the horizontal well 2 of first level well 1 and second and extract to ground Face device.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of well spacing and reservoir treating method of oil shale in-situ exploitation, it is characterised in that:In the area of oil shale in-situ cracking The position of oil shale formation upper plate and lower shoe is determined in domain, at oil shale layer 460m located underground to 489m;Oil shale Production zone is length 180m, width 80m rectangular area, first level well is drilled out apart from production zone left side edge 20m (1), first level well(1)Length is the upper plate that 180m is located at oil shale layer;Drilled out at production zone right side edge 20m Second horizontal well(2), the second horizontal well(2)Length is 180m, is drilled into the lower shoe of oil shale layer, first level well(1)With Two horizontal wells(2)Into skew symmetry mode;6 mouthfuls of vertical shafts are arranged in production zone respectively, in first level well(1)With the second horizontal well (2)Both sides respectively arrangement 3 mouthfuls of vertical shafts;
First level well(1), the second horizontal well(2), the first vertical shaft(31), the second vertical shaft(32), the 3rd vertical shaft(33), it is the 4th perpendicular Well(34), the 5th vertical shaft(35), the 6th vertical shaft(36)Aperture be 380mm, first level well(1)The first Multilateral Wells (11), first level well(1)The second Multilateral Wells(12), first level well(1)The 3rd Multilateral Wells(13), the second horizontal well (2)The 4th Multilateral Wells(21), the second horizontal well(2)Quintafurcation well(22), the second horizontal well(2)The 6th Multilateral Wells (23)Aperture is 200mm;
In first level well(1)Left side 3 mouthfuls of vertical shafts, respectively vertical shaft are laid at oil shale recovery edges of regions 10m One(31), the second vertical shaft(32), the 3rd vertical shaft(33), the first vertical shaft(31)With the second vertical shaft(32)The distance between for 60m, the Two vertical shafts(32)With the 3rd vertical shaft(33)The distance between be 60m;In the second horizontal well(2)Right side apart from oil shale recovery area 3 mouthfuls of vertical shafts, respectively vertical shaft the 4th are laid at domain edge 10m(34), the 5th vertical shaft(35), the 6th vertical shaft(36), the 3rd vertical shaft (33)With the 4th vertical shaft(34)The distance between for 60m, the 4th vertical shaft(34)With the 5th vertical shaft(35)The distance between for 60m, 5th vertical shaft(35)With the 6th vertical shaft(36)The distance between be 60m;
Respectively to first level well by the way of water-jet(1)Eject Multilateral Wells;To first level well(1), by waterpower Injection drilling tool is positioned over first level well(1)End, the spray-hole of water-jet drilling tool is drilled out towards oil shale formation One horizontal well(1)The first Multilateral Wells(11);Then upper water lift power sprays drilling tool to well head, and transfers block ring to first level Well(1)The first Multilateral Wells(11)Front end 40m at, again transfer water-jet drilling tool, water-jet drilling tool is positioned over resistance Ring front end is flowed, drills out first level well(1)The second Multilateral Wells(12);Then upper water lift power sprays drilling tool to well head, and transfers Block ring is to first level well(1)The second Multilateral Wells(12)Front end 40m at, again transfer water-jet drilling tool, by waterpower Injection drilling tool is positioned over block ring front end, the spray-hole of water-jet drilling tool is drilled out first level well towards oil shale formation (1)The 3rd Multilateral Wells(13);
Respectively to the second horizontal well by the way of water-jet(2)Eject Multilateral Wells;To the second horizontal well(2), by waterpower Injection drilling tool is positioned over the second horizontal well(2)End, the spray-hole of water-jet drilling tool is drilled out towards oil shale formation Two horizontal wells(2)The 4th Multilateral Wells(21);Then upper water lift power sprays drilling tool to well head, and transfers block ring to the second level Well(2)The 4th Multilateral Wells(21)Front end 40m at, again transfer water-jet drilling tool, water-jet drilling tool is positioned over resistance Ring front end is flowed, drills out the second horizontal well(2)Quintafurcation well(22);Then upper water lift power sprays drilling tool to well head, and transfers Block ring is to the second horizontal well(2)Quintafurcation well(22)Front end 40m at, again transfer water-jet drilling tool, by waterpower Injection drilling tool is positioned over block ring front end, the spray-hole of water-jet drilling tool is drilled out the second horizontal well towards oil shale formation (2)The 6th Multilateral Wells(23);
Carry out first level well(1)Each Multilateral Wells and the second horizontal well(2)Each Multilateral Wells fracture job;Using water The measure split is forced to first level well(1)With the second horizontal well(2)Carry out pressure break;Fracturing fluid is passed through into first level during pressure break Well(1)With the second horizontal well(2)Injection, the first vertical shaft(31), the second vertical shaft(32), the 3rd vertical shaft(33), the 4th vertical shaft(34)、 5th vertical shaft(35)With the 6th vertical shaft(36)Flow pass as fracturing fluid;Pressure when passing through pressure break is by first level well (1)Block ring compacting first level well(1)End, in the same manner by the second horizontal well(2)Block ring compacting second Horizontal well(2)End;And pressure break first level well(1), the second horizontal well(2)Each Multilateral Wells and the first vertical shaft (31), the second vertical shaft(32), the 3rd vertical shaft(33), the 4th vertical shaft(34), the 5th vertical shaft(35), the 6th vertical shaft(36), improve whole The permeability and porosity of individual oil shale formation;
By can more be filled to 6 mouthfuls of vertical shafts and 2 mouthfuls of water horizontal wells and its perforating and fracturing of Multilateral Wells, the pores'growth of oil shale formation Point, can be by first level well(1)With the second horizontal well(2)As heated well;Heat passes through first level well(1)Branch Well, with the second horizontal well(2)The cracks of Multilateral Wells be extended, whole oil shale layer is heated, simultaneously because cranny development, warp The shale oil crossed after heating cracks can be extracted with shale gas by 6 mouthfuls of vertical shafts;
The heated well that can exploit 6 mouthfuls of vertical shafts as oil shale in-situ, the heat of injection are entered by the crack between each vertical shaft Row extension, whole oil shale layer is heated, after oil shale is heated, kerogen cracking produces oil gas, the gas in injection heating well Under the displacement effect of body, oil gas, into the Multilateral Wells of horizontal well, then passes through the branch of horizontal well by crack caused by pressure break Well enters first level well(1)With the second horizontal well(2), and then pass through first level well(1)With the second horizontal well(2)Extract extremely Ground installation.
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CN109184649A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-11 吉林大学 A kind of method that charcoal auxiliary heating oil shale extracts shale oil gas
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CN109458165A (en) * 2018-11-20 2019-03-12 西南石油大学 A kind of shale gas orienting fracturing yield increasing method
CN110454135A (en) * 2019-07-15 2019-11-15 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Shale oil well spacing method for long horizontal well with small well spacing, multiple strata series and close cutting
CN110454135B (en) * 2019-07-15 2021-08-03 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Shale oil well spacing method for long horizontal well with small well spacing, multiple strata series and close cutting
US11629576B2 (en) 2020-02-10 2023-04-18 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Multi-lateral well heel to toe development optimization
CN117027748A (en) * 2023-08-16 2023-11-10 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 Shale oil in-situ well construction method, deviation magnetic guiding system and multi-well anti-collision system

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