CN107552698B - A kind of forging method of HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar - Google Patents
A kind of forging method of HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar Download PDFInfo
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- CN107552698B CN107552698B CN201710720210.1A CN201710720210A CN107552698B CN 107552698 B CN107552698 B CN 107552698B CN 201710720210 A CN201710720210 A CN 201710720210A CN 107552698 B CN107552698 B CN 107552698B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of forging methods of HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar, comprising the following steps: HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot a) is carried out press upsetting pull cogging, obtains blank；B) blank for obtaining step a) carries out precise forging machine forging, obtains HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar；The total deformation rate of the precise forging machine forging is 45%~60%.Compared with prior art, forging method provided by the invention is directed to the characteristics of HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel, and using the new process of " press upsetting pull cogging+precise forging machine forging is become a useful person ", HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar has been prepared；During forging, product is not easy to crack, and crystal grain is tiny, uniform, and flaw detection meets GB/T4162A grades of requirements.The experimental results showed that the HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar that forging method provided by the invention obtains is not easy to crack, cogging lumber recovery is 80% or more, while crystal grain is tiny, uniform, and grain size is 7~8 grades；Also, the basic inorganization clutter reflection of ultrasonic examination, meets GB/T4162A grades of requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material processing technical fields, more specifically, are related to a kind of HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar
Forging method.
Background technique
HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel has excellent resistant to hydrogen damage force and good comprehensive mechanical property and is widely used in petroleum
In the engineering systems such as chemical industry and petroleum gas, core, Aeronautics and Astronautics.HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel is mainly made of Fe, Cr, Mn, Ni, Si,
In addition to stability possessed by general austenitic stainless steel and corrosion resistance, also have more much higher than other austenitic steels
Yield strength and good hydrogen embrittlement energy.
From the point of view of current applicable cases, HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel is China's independent development since last century the eighties, by climbing
The storage of steel group river oil Great Wall special steel Co., Ltd and Shenyang Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Engineering Physics Research Institute's cooperation research and development
Hydrogen production device material, it is desirable that still there is good mechanical property in the case where saturation is flushed with hydrogen state.But the material is to grain size and flaw detection
It is required that requirement is very harsh, often occurs the problem of forging cracking, forging material grain size is uneven and flaw detection does not conform in production process.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of forging method of HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar
The obtained HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar of forging method it is not easy to crack, crystal grain is tiny, uniform, and flaw detection meets GB/T4162A grades and wants
It asks.
The present invention provides a kind of forging methods of HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar, comprising the following steps:
A) HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot is subjected to press upsetting pull cogging, obtains blank；
B) blank for obtaining step a) carries out precise forging machine forging, obtains HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar；
The total deformation rate of the precise forging machine forging is 45%~60%.
Preferably, HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot described in step a) include following mass fraction component: less than be equal to
0.045% C, 8.00%~10.00% Mn, the Si less than or equal to 1.00%, the P less than or equal to 0.035% are less than or equal to
0.015% S, 19.00%~21.50% Cr, 5.50%~8.00% Ni, 0.20%~0.36% N and surplus
Fe。
Preferably, press upsetting pull cogging described in step a) is that two upsetting two of 2000t press unplugs base.
Preferably, two upsetting two of 2000t press unplugs the process of base specifically:
HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot is successively subjected to cogging heating, first time upsetting pull, melts down heating and second of upsetting pull, after forging
It is air-cooled to obtain blank.
Preferably, the temperature of the cogging heating is 1220 DEG C~1240 DEG C, and soaking time is 6h~10h；It is described to melt down
The temperature of heating is 1220 DEG C~1240 DEG C, and soaking time is 6h~10h.
Preferably, precise forging machine described in step b) is forged to the forging of 1800t precise forging machine four-pass.
Preferably, the process of the 1800t precise forging machine four-pass forging specifically:
Blank is successively carried out to Forge Heating, the forging of the first passage, the forging of the second passage, the forging of third passage, the 4th
Secondary forging and finish-forging, it is air-cooled after forging to obtain HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar.
Preferably, the temperature of the Forge Heating is 1130 DEG C~1150 DEG C, and soaking time is 3h~5h.
Preferably, the deformation rate of the first passage forging is 10%~15%；The deformation rate of the second passage forging
It is 30%~35%；The deformation rate of the third passage forging is 13%~20%；The deformation rate of four-pass forging is
5%~10%.
Preferably, the temperature of the finish-forging is 900 DEG C~930 DEG C.
The present invention provides a kind of forging methods of HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar, comprising the following steps: a) by HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel
Steel ingot carries out press upsetting pull cogging, obtains blank；B) blank for obtaining step a) carries out precise forging machine forging, obtains HR-2 resistant to hydrogen
Steel bar；The total deformation rate of the precise forging machine forging is 45%~60%.Compared with prior art, forging side provided by the invention
Method is directed to the characteristics of HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel, using the new process of " press upsetting pull cogging+precise forging machine forging is become a useful person ", is prepared
HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar；During forging, product is not easy to crack, and crystal grain is tiny, uniform, and flaw detection meets GB/T4162A grades and wants
It asks.The experimental results showed that the HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar that forging method provided by the invention obtains is not easy to crack, cogging lumber recovery exists
80% or more, while crystal grain is tiny, uniform, grain size is 7~8 grades；Also, the basic inorganization clutter reflection of ultrasonic examination,
Meet GB/T4162A grades of requirements.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the grain size effect picture for the HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar longitudinal edge that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 2 is the grain size effect picture for the HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar longitudinal direction center portion that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 3 is the grain size effect picture for the HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar longitudinal edge that comparative example provides；
Fig. 4 is the grain size effect picture for the HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar longitudinal direction center portion that comparative example provides.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that institute
The embodiment of description is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention,
Every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, belongs to this hair
The range of bright protection.
The present invention provides a kind of forging methods of HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar, comprising the following steps:
A) HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot is subjected to press upsetting pull cogging, obtains blank；
B) blank for obtaining step a) carries out precise forging machine forging, obtains HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar；
The total deformation rate of the precise forging machine forging is 45%~60%.
Forging method provided by the invention is directed to the characteristics of HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel, using " press upsetting pull cogging+precise forging machine is forged
Become a useful person " new process, HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar has been prepared.
HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot is carried out press upsetting pull cogging first by the present invention, obtains blank.In the present invention, described
HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot preferably includes the C of the component of following mass fraction: less than be equal to 0.045%, 8.00%~10.00%
Mn, the Si less than or equal to 1.00%, the P less than or equal to 0.035%, the S less than or equal to 0.015%, 19.00%~21.50%
Cr, 5.50%~8.00% Ni, 0.20%~0.36% N and the Fe of surplus；More preferably less than equal to 0.040%
C, 8.00%~10.00% Mn, the Si less than or equal to 1.00%, the P less than or equal to 0.025%, less than or equal to 0.015%
S, 19.00%~21.50% Cr, 5.50%~8.00% Ni, 0.20%~0.34% N and the Fe of surplus.In this hair
In bright, the HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot can satisfy the technical requirements of GJB5274-2006 and C3S237-91 using said components.
The present invention is not particularly limited the smelting process of the HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot, can guarantee to obtain and is mingled with the extremely low height of content
Pure HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot, it is preferred to use antivacuum induction smelting+duplex electroslag weight well known to those skilled in the art
Molten smelting process；However the steel ingot that any smelting process obtains all contains inevitable impurity, the present invention is to this without spy
Different limitation.
HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot is carried out press upsetting pull cogging by the present invention.In the present invention, the press upsetting pull cogging is excellent
It is selected as two upsetting two of 2000t press and unplugs base.The present invention is directed to the characteristics of HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel selection 2000t press progress upsetting pull and opens
Base cooperates subsequent 1800t precise forging machine to be forged, and requires important function to control product cracking, grain size and flaw detection.?
In the present invention, the process that two upsetting two of 2000t press unplugs base is preferred specifically:
HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot is successively subjected to cogging heating, first time upsetting pull, melts down heating and second of upsetting pull, after forging
It is air-cooled to obtain blank.In the present invention, the temperature of cogging heating be preferably 1220 DEG C~1240 DEG C, more preferably 1230
℃；The soaking time of the cogging heating is preferably 6h~10h, more preferably 8h.
In the present invention, the process of the first time upsetting pull is preferred specifically: the HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel steel after heating cogging
Ingot forges jumping-up to the 1/2 of raw steel ingot length fastly, then pulls out to raw steel ingot length.
In the present invention, the temperature for melting down heating is preferably 1220 DEG C~1240 DEG C, more preferably 1240 DEG C；It is described
The soaking time for melting down heating is preferably 6h~10h, more preferably 6h.
In the present invention, the process of second of upsetting pull is preferred specifically: will melt down the HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel steel after heating
Ingot forges jumping-up to the 1/2 of raw steel ingot length fastly, then pulls out to the charge length forged for precise forging machine.In the present invention, described
Charge length for precise forging machine forging preferably≤3.5m, and meet to forge to obtain specific finished size to subsequent precise forging machine and want
The deformation rate for the HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar reserved 45%~60% asked.In the present invention, the HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot, blank and
HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar is cylindrical structure, and the deformation rate is (round after cylindrical structure cross-sectional area-deformation before deforming
Column structure cross-sectional area)/preceding cylindrical structure cross-sectional area × 100% is deformed, it is not specifically limited to this by the present invention.
After completing second of upsetting pull, the present invention is air-cooled after forging the HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel steel billet after second of upsetting pull, obtains
To blank；The blank is forged for precise forging machine.
After obtaining the blank, obtained blank is carried out precise forging machine forging by the present invention, obtains HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar；Institute
The total deformation rate for stating precise forging machine forging is 45%~60%.In the present invention, the precise forging machine forging is preferably 1800t precise forging machine
Four-pass forging.The present invention is directed to the characteristics of HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel and 2000t press carries out the process of upsetting pull cogging, selects 1800t
Precise forging machine is forged, and requires important function to control product cracking, grain size and flaw detection.In the present invention, described
The process of 1800t precise forging machine four-pass forging is preferred specifically:
Blank is successively carried out to Forge Heating, the forging of the first passage, the forging of the second passage, the forging of third passage, the 4th
Secondary forging and finish-forging, it is air-cooled after forging to obtain HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar.In the present invention, the temperature of the Forge Heating is preferably
1130 DEG C~1150 DEG C, more preferably 1140 DEG C；The soaking time of the Forge Heating is preferably 3h~5h, more preferably 3h.
In the present invention, the total deformation rate of the precise forging machine forging is 45%~60%.The present invention is forged using four-pass
It is that precise forging machine forging meets above-mentioned total deformation rate requirement.In the present invention, the deformation rate of the first passage forging is preferably
10%~15%；The deformation rate of the second passage forging is preferably 30%~35%；The deformation rate of the third passage forging
Preferably 13%~20%；The deformation rate of the four-pass forging is preferably 5%~10%.In the present invention, the described 4th
Passage forging has both shaping operation to product.
In the present invention, the temperature of the finish-forging is preferably 900 DEG C~930 DEG C, more preferably 920 DEG C.
After completing the finish-forging, the present invention is air-cooled after forging the HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot after finish-forging, and it is anti-to obtain HR-2
Hydrogen steel bar.
The present invention provides a kind of forging methods of HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar, comprising the following steps: a) by HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel
Steel ingot carries out press upsetting pull cogging, obtains blank；B) blank for obtaining step a) carries out precise forging machine forging, obtains HR-2 resistant to hydrogen
Steel bar；The total deformation rate of the precise forging machine forging is 45%~60%.Compared with prior art, forging side provided by the invention
Method is directed to the characteristics of HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel, using the new process of " press upsetting pull cogging+precise forging machine forging is become a useful person ", is prepared
HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar；During forging, product is not easy to crack, and crystal grain is tiny, uniform, and flaw detection meets GB/T4162A grades and wants
It asks.The experimental results showed that the HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar that forging method provided by the invention obtains is not easy to crack, cogging lumber recovery exists
80% or more, while crystal grain is tiny, uniform, grain size is 7~8 grades；Also, the basic inorganization clutter reflection of ultrasonic examination,
Meet GB/T4162A grades of requirements.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, it is described in detail below by following embodiment.Following embodiment of the present invention
Φ 550mm steel ingot used by GJB5274-2006 and C3S237-91 technical requirements produce, using antivacuum induction smelting+it is bis-
The smelting process for joining electroslag remelting, obtains being mingled with the extremely low high-purity HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot of content, concrete composition is referring to 1 institute of table
Show.
The concrete composition * of 500 steel ingot of Φ used in 1 embodiment of the present invention of table
| Composition | C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | Ni | N |
| Content (mass fraction) | 0.03% | 9.43% | 0.35% | 0.005% | 0.001% | 19.45% | 7.69% | 0.30% |
* surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity
Embodiment 1
(1) two upsettings two are carried out to Φ 550mm steel ingot using 2000t press and unplugs base, obtain blank: by Φ 550mm steel ingot
1230 DEG C are heated to, 8h is kept the temperature, carries out first time upsetting pull: fast forging jumping-up to the 1/2 of raw steel ingot length, then pull out long to raw steel ingot
Degree；Then it melts down and is heated to 1240 DEG C, keep the temperature 6h, carry out second of upsetting pull: fast forging jumping-up to the 1/2 of raw steel ingot length, then pull out
The long charge length to for the forging of 1800t precise forging machine, it is air-cooled after forging to obtain blank；It is described to be used for what 1800t precise forging machine was forged
Charge length≤3.5m, and meet and forge to obtain Φ 115mmHR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar reserved 55% to subsequent 1800t precise forging machine
~60% deformation rate.
(2) blank is forged using 1800t precise forging machine, obtains Φ 115mm HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar: by blank plus
Heat keeps the temperature 3h, forged to 1140 DEG C: forging total deformation rate is 59%, successively carries out 4 passages, the first pass deformation rate
It is 12%, the second pass deformation rate is 31%, and third pass deformation rate is 15%, and four-pass (shaping) deformation rate is 6%；Eventually
Forging temperature is 920 DEG C, air-cooled after forging to obtain Φ 115mm HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar.
The HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar that the forging method that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides obtains is not easy to crack, and cogging lumber recovery is
85%, while crystal grain is tiny, uniform, grain size is 7.5~8 grades, referring to shown in Fig. 1~2；Also, ultrasonic examination substantially without
Clutter reflection is organized, GB/T4162A grades of requirements are met.
Embodiment 2
(1) two upsettings two are carried out to Φ 550mm steel ingot using 2000t press and unplugs base, obtain blank: by Φ 550mm steel ingot
1220 DEG C are heated to, 6h is kept the temperature, carries out first time upsetting pull: fast forging jumping-up to the 1/2 of raw steel ingot length, then pull out long to raw steel ingot
Degree；Then it melts down and is heated to 1230 DEG C, keep the temperature 6h, carry out second of upsetting pull: fast forging jumping-up to the 1/2 of raw steel ingot length, then pull out
The long charge length to for the forging of 1800t precise forging machine, it is air-cooled after forging to obtain blank；It is described to be used for what 1800t precise forging machine was forged
Charge length≤3.5m, and meet that forge to obtain Φ 250mm HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar to subsequent 1800t precise forging machine reserved
50%~60% deformation rate.
(2) blank is forged using 1800t precise forging machine, obtains Φ 250mm HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar: by blank plus
Heat keeps the temperature 3h, forged to 1150 DEG C: forging total deformation rate is 52%, successively carries out 4 passages, the first pass deformation rate
It is 10%, the second pass deformation rate is 31%, and third pass deformation rate is 13%, and four-pass (shaping) deformation rate is 10%；
Final forging temperature is 900 DEG C, air-cooled after forging to obtain Φ 250mm HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar.
The HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar that the forging method that the embodiment of the present invention 2 provides obtains is not easy to crack, and cogging lumber recovery is
81%, while crystal grain is tiny, uniform, grain size is 7~8 grades；Also, the basic inorganization clutter reflection of ultrasonic examination, meets
GB/T4162A grades of requirements.
Comparative example
Comparative example is the forging method for the HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar that the prior art uses, and Φ 360mm steel ingot used is pressed
GJB5274-2006 and C3S237-91 technical requirements production, using antivacuum induction smelting+duplex electroslag remelting smelter
Skill obtains being mingled with the extremely low high-purity HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot of content, and concrete composition is identical as embodiment；Using 2000t press
Φ 360mm steel ingot is directly forged fastly, 1160 DEG C ± 10 DEG C of heating temperature, obtains HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar.
The HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar that the forging method that comparative example provides obtains is easy to crack, and cogging lumber recovery is 68%, simultaneously
Crystal grain is uneven, and 6~7 grades of grain size account for about 70%, and 4 grades account for about 30%, and grain size is differential up to 4 grades, and mixed crystal, edge, which exists, to be elongated
Deformed grains, referring to shown in Fig. 3~4；Also, ultrasonic examination has the reflection of Φ 1.0~1.5mm equivalent tissue clutter, is unsatisfactory for
GB/T4162A grades of requirements.
The above description of the disclosed embodiments, enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.It is right
A variety of modifications of these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and as defined herein one
As principle can realize in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, the present invention will
It will not be intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and be to fit to consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein
Widest scope.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of forging method of HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar, comprising the following steps:
A) HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot is subjected to press upsetting pull cogging, obtains blank；The HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot includes following matter
Measure score component: less than be equal to 0.045% C, 8.00%~10.00% Mn, the Si less than or equal to 1.00%, be less than etc.
In 0.035% P, S, 19.00%~21.50% Cr, 5.50%~8.00% Ni less than or equal to 0.015%,
0.20%~0.36% N and Fe of surplus；The press upsetting pull cogging is that two upsetting two of 2000t press unplugs base；
B) blank for obtaining step a) carries out precise forging machine forging, obtains HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar；The precise forging machine is forged to
The forging of 1800t precise forging machine four-pass；
The total deformation rate of the precise forging machine forging is 45%~60%.
2. forging method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that two upsetting two of 2000t press unplugs the process of base
Specifically:
HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel ingot is successively subjected to cogging heating, first time upsetting pull, melts down heating and second of upsetting pull, it is air-cooled after forging
Obtain blank.
3. forging method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the temperature of the cogging heating is 1220 DEG C~1240
DEG C, soaking time is 6h~10h；The temperature for melting down heating is 1220 DEG C~1240 DEG C, and soaking time is 6h~10h.
4. forging method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the process of the 1800t precise forging machine four-pass forging
Specifically:
Blank is successively carried out to Forge Heating, the forging of the first passage, the forging of the second passage, the forging of third passage, four-pass forging
It makes and finish-forging, it is air-cooled after forging to obtain HR-2 resistant to hydrogen steel bar.
5. forging method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the temperature of the Forge Heating is 1130 DEG C~1150
DEG C, soaking time is 3h~5h.
6. forging method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the deformation rate of first passage forging is 10%~
15%；The deformation rate of the second passage forging is 30%~35%；The deformation rate of third passage forging is 13%~
20%；The deformation rate of the four-pass forging is 5%~10%.
7. forging method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the temperature of the finish-forging is 900 DEG C~930 DEG C.
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| CN109762999A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-05-17 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | A kind of smelting process of HR-2 steel |
| CN113059104A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-07-02 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | Forging method of cold-work shield steel forging material |
| CN114029439A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-02-11 | 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 | Method for processing ultra-long and ultra-high pressure steel pipe |
| CN114178450B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2024-06-14 | 内蒙古北方重工业集团有限公司 | Processing method of ultra-slender ultra-high pressure steel pipe blank |
| CN116891984B (en) * | 2023-09-11 | 2024-02-02 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Fe-Cr-Ni intermediate alloy for hydrogen-resistant stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
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