CN107548849A - A kind of seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear - Google Patents
A kind of seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear, is related to pear tree planting technology field, comprises the following steps：(1), seed collection；(2), seed treatment；(3) kind of a processing, is macerated；(4), vernalization is handled；(5), seeding and seedling raising；(6), seedling management；(7), lifting goes out garden.Present invention reduces growing-seedling period, germination percentage and survival rate are high, and obtained seedlings root is flourishing, improves the quality and yield of Cuiguan pear.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pear tree field of planting, and in particular to a kind of seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear.
Background technology
Cuiguan pear category Chinese pear is that with relieving cough and reducing sputum, quench one's thirst of promoting the production of body fluid, removing toxic substances of bringing down a fever, moistening lung is aid digestion, solution sore, wine poison
And other effects, it is the south China high-quality precocious New pear variety that Popularization And Development is most fast in recent years, cultivated area is maximum.
With increase of the people to the demand of Cuiguan pear, the demand of plantation individual and pears seedling also greatly increases, at present
In the market majority uses propagation by grafiting and division propagation, but generally existing survival rate is low, branch skewer broadcasts the problem of rooting rate is low, group
Knit culture to be difficult to take root, slow-growing, growing-seedling period length, the needs for being difficult to meet good seed using traditional seedling raising method.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear, shorten growing-seedling period, germination percentage and into
Motility rate is high, and obtained seedlings root is flourishing, improves the quality and yield of Cuiguan pear.
The invention provides following technical scheme：A kind of seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear, comprises the following steps：
(1), seed collection
In the Pear Fruit mature period, the Cuiguan pear elite stand fruit of pure elite stand kind, robust growth, no disease and pests harm is taken
It is real, place naturally to pericarp softness, wash rejecting pulp by rubbing with the hands, leave the seed containing endocarp；
Seed containing endocarp is put into 1~2h of immersion in 10~15% NaCl solution, glued so as to remove on kind of skin
Attached pulp, seed is placed on blotting paper and spontaneously dried, gone not plump, impurity elimination with wet cleaning process, remove brokenly grain, select full kind
Son；
(2), seed treatment
Once awake kind：The seed that step (1) obtains is put into 1~2h of immersion in 40~45 DEG C of clear water, then takes out and drains
After be put into seed-soaking liquid 30~40min of immersion；
Dormancy is handled：The seed for kind of once waking up is put into freezer or refrigerator, keeping temperature is 2~5 DEG C, relative humidity 75
~77%, refrigerate 2~4 days；
Secondary awake kind：Seed after dormancy is handled takes out, and is put into bactericidal liquid and soaks 40~50min, in immersion process
Stirred with 50~60r/min rotating speed；
(3) kind of a processing, is macerated
55~60cm of digging dell is vexed to macerate seed, and the bottom in hole spreads a layer thickness and macerates ripe pig manure for 2~4cm, repaves
A layer thickness is that 1~3cm macerates kind of a matrix, then spreads one layer of seed, it is corresponding continue cycling through one layer of pig manure of laying, one layer macerate kind of a base
Matter and one layer of seed, 8~9 layers are stacked, then cover the thick diatomite of 10~15cm, keep moistening, after macerating kind of processing 6~8 days, taken
Go out standby；
(4), vernalization is handled
Electric current vernalization：The seed that step (3) obtains is put into vernalization in insulation vernalization casing, sets vernalization casing upper end to open
Mouthful, the bottom of vernalization casing offers mesh, and vernalization box cavity both sides are symmetrically arranged with battery lead plate, and seed is put into rear germinating box
After body, a germinator, after having sprayed germinator every time, two electrode plates that will be set in germinating box body are sprayed every 4~5h
The positive pole and negative pole of power supply are connected respectively, is switched on power, and are passed through the micro-current that intensity is 20 μ A to seed, each conduction time is
After 10~15s, 30~35h, seed is taken out from vernalization casing；
Germinating cabinet's vernalization：The fine sand that a layer thickness is 3~4cm is laid in germinating cabinet, seed is embedded in fine sand, and by before
Germinator is stated with clear water according to 1：2~3 ratios are mixed to get the germination liquid after being watered, and spray fine sand, keep fine sand moistening, treat
After more than 90% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, prepare sowing；
(5), seeding and seedling raising
Preparing nursery bed, seedling medium is laid, laying depth is 10~15cm, builds Small plastic shed with bamboo cane and covers shading
Seedling growth greenhouse is made in the sunshade net of rate 50~75%, the Cuiguan pear seed after vernalization is uniformly sowed in seedling medium, every mu is broadcast
Kind of 4~4.5kg, after planting pours permeable immediately, is then covered with fine earth, the thickness of fine earth is 1~2cm, then covers one layer again
Straw, until coming up, remove straw；
(6), seedling management
Sunshade net is thrown off after seed sprouting in good time, every the watering of 4 days roots once, every 1~2 day blade face water spray once,
Liquid manure is applied every 10 Tiangengs once, rejects small and weak, disease and excessive growth seedling, it is ensured that nursery stock is neat；
(7), lifting goes out garden.
Wherein, step (2) seed-soaking liquid includes the raw material of following part meter：20~25 parts of bamboo vinegar, taurine 15~20
Part, 15~20 parts of potassium permanganate, 10~15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5~10 parts of sodium selenite, 5~10 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, gibberellin
100~110 parts of 5~10 parts, 2~3 parts of shrubby sophora extract, 2~3 parts of zinc sulfate, 2~3 parts of magnesium sulfate and water.
Wherein, step (2) bactericidal liquid includes the raw material of following part meter：20~25 parts of potassium permanganate, carbendazim 10~
100~102 parts of 15 parts, 6~8 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, 6~8 parts of heteroauxin and water.
Wherein, the step (3), which macerates kind of matrix, includes the raw material of following part meter：14~16 parts of expanded perlite, pine needle meal
14~16 parts, 10~12 parts of vinasse, 9~10 parts of bagasse, 4~6 parts of oyster shell whiting, 4~6 parts of Carapax Eriocheir sinensis, 1~3 part of sawdust, yeast
35~55 parts of 1~3 part of bacterium, 1~3 part of methyl α-naphthyl acetate and water.
Wherein, illumination period and dark period are set alternately in step (4) germinating cabinet：Light application time be 8~
10h, intensity of illumination are 2000~2500LX, and temperature control is 25~26 DEG C；5~6h of interlunation, temperature control are 15~18
DEG C, light intensity is 150~800LX.
Wherein, step (4) germinator includes the raw material of following part meter：4~16 parts of amino acid/11,14~16 parts of boric acid,
It is 3~5 parts of selenium powder, 3~5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 3~5 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 4~5 parts of Nafusaku, 1~3 part of extract solution from aloe, sweet
100~120 parts of 1~3 part of oil and water.
Wherein, step (5) seedling medium includes the raw material of following part meter：65~75 parts of turfy soil, wood chip 45~55
Part, 35~45 parts of vermiculite, 19~21 parts of river sand, 8~10 parts of biogas residue, 8~10 parts of ground phosphate rock, 5~7 parts of ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate 5~
7 parts and 3~5 parts of magnesium sulfate.
Wherein, step (6) liquid manure includes the raw material of following part meter：45~55 parts of oyster shell whiting, rapeseed cake 24~26 part, meter
19~21 parts of chaff, 19~21 parts of vermiculite power, 14~16 parts of citric acid, 14~16 parts of urea, 14~16 parts of vinasse, humic acid 10~
100~150 parts of 12 parts, 9~11 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5~7 parts of sodium selenite, 5~7 parts of manganese sulfate, 3~5 parts of magnesium sulfate and water.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Growing-seedling period is shortened, germination percentage and survival rate are high, and obtained seedlings root is flourishing,
The quality and yield of Cuiguan pear is improved, it is specific as follows：
(1), handled after present invention collection seed, effectively improve the characteristic of seed, passed through kind of once waking up respectively, stop
Dormancy processing and secondary awake kind, wherein, kind of once waking up makes its shell weak, a raising kind transdermally, is easy to brokenly for softening kind of a skin
It bud, can also quickly break seed dormancy, promote the development of seed embryo, shorten seed germinating time, improve the germination of seed
Rate, and the survival rate after germination can be ensured；Dormancy processing makes seed carry out hibernation in advance, promote seed germ differentiation；Two
Secondary awake kind is used for breaking dormancy again, meanwhile, pathogen of seed carrying etc. is effectively eliminated, seed disease resistance can be improved
Ability, strengthen resistance；
(2), the present invention carries out macerating kind of a processing to seed, and preparation macerates kind of a matrix, has stronger gas permeability, and then favorably
In the breathing of seed, the broken dormancy process of seed is accelerated, while it also avoid the mold of seed, improves germination percentage；
(3), the present invention carries out seeding and seedling raising using seedling growth greenhouse, coordinates seedling management so that emergence is fast and planting percent is high, children
Seedling growth is vigorous and with flourishing root system, shortens seedling-slowing stage, the survival rate of transplant planting is high, improves yield；
(4), seedling medium of the invention has the function that Anti-bacterium, insect pest；In addition, the mulching straw in nursery, prevents
Only growth of weeds and soil washing, loosing soil can be kept, promote the root system development of seedling, avoid seedling by disease and corruption
It is rotten, coordinate seedling management, promote emergence and seedling, shorten seedling-slowing stage, the survival rate of transplant planting is high, improves yield.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.These embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention and not had to
In limitation the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear, comprises the following steps：
(1), seed collection
In the Pear Fruit mature period, the Cuiguan pear elite stand fruit of pure elite stand kind, robust growth, no disease and pests harm is taken
It is real, place naturally to pericarp softness, wash rejecting pulp by rubbing with the hands, leave the seed containing endocarp；
Seed containing endocarp is put into 10% NaCl solution and soaks 1h, so as to remove the fruit adhered on kind of skin
Meat, seed is placed on blotting paper and spontaneously dried, gone not plump, impurity elimination with wet cleaning process, remove brokenly grain, select full seed；
(2), seed treatment
Once awake kind：The seed that step (1) obtains is put into 40 DEG C of clear water and soaks 1h, then takes out and leaching is put into after draining
30min is soaked in kind liquid；
Dormancy is handled：The seed for kind of once waking up is put into freezer, keeping temperature is 2 DEG C, relative humidity 75%, refrigeration 2
My god；
Secondary awake kind：Seed after dormancy is handled takes out, and is put into bactericidal liquid and soaks 40min, in immersion process with
50r/min rotating speed stirring；
(3) kind of a processing, is macerated
Digging 55cm dell is vexed to macerate seed, and the bottom in hole spreads a layer thickness and macerates ripe pig manure for 2cm, repaves a layer thickness
Macerate kind of a matrix for 1cm, then spread one layer of seed, it is corresponding continue cycling through one layer of pig manure of laying, one layer macerate kind of matrix and one layer of kind
Son, 8 layers are stacked, then cover the thick diatomite of 10cm, keep moistening, after macerating kind of processing 6 days, taken out standby；
(4), vernalization is handled
Electric current vernalization：The seed that step (3) obtains is put into vernalization in insulation vernalization casing, sets vernalization casing upper end to open
Mouthful, the bottom of vernalization casing offers mesh, and vernalization box cavity both sides are symmetrically arranged with battery lead plate, and seed is put into rear germinating box
After body, a germinator is sprayed every 4h, after having sprayed germinator every time, two electrode plates set in germinating box body are distinguished
The positive pole and negative pole of power supply are connected, is switched on power, the micro-current that intensity is 20 μ A is passed through to seed, each conduction time is 10s,
After 30h, seed is taken out from vernalization casing；
Germinating cabinet's vernalization：The fine sand that a layer thickness is 3cm is laid in germinating cabinet, seed is embedded in fine sand, and will be foregoing
Germinator is with clear water according to 1：2 ratios are mixed to get the germination liquid after being watered, and spray fine sand, keep fine sand moistening, treat 90% with
After upper seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, prepare sowing；
(5), seeding and seedling raising
Preparing nursery bed, seedling medium is laid, laying depth 10cm, Small plastic shed is built with bamboo cane and covers shading rate
Seedling growth greenhouse is made in 50% sunshade net, and the Cuiguan pear seed after vernalization is uniformly sowed in seedling medium, every mu of sowing 4kg,
After planting pour permeable, then covered with fine earth, the thickness of fine earth is 1cm, one layer of straw is then covered again, until seedling goes out immediately
Soil, remove straw；
(6), seedling management
Sunshade net is thrown off after seed sprouting in good time, every the watering of 4 days roots once, every 1 day blade face water spray once, every
10 Tiangengs apply liquid manure once, reject small and weak, disease and excessive growth seedling, it is ensured that nursery stock is neat；
(7), lifting goes out garden.
Wherein,
Step (2) seed-soaking liquid includes the raw material of following part meter：20 parts of bamboo vinegar, 15 parts of taurine, potassium permanganate 15
Part, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 parts of sodium selenite, 5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 5 parts of gibberellin, 2 parts of shrubby sophora extract, 2 parts of zinc sulfate,
100 parts of 2 parts of magnesium sulfate and water.
Step (2) bactericidal liquid includes the raw material of following part meter：20 parts of potassium permanganate, 10 parts of carbendazim, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 6
100 parts of part, 6 parts of heteroauxin and water.
The step (3), which macerates kind of matrix, includes the raw material of following part meter：14 parts of expanded perlite, 14 parts of pine needle meal, vinasse
35 parts of 10 parts, 9 parts of bagasse, 4 parts of oyster shell whiting, 4 parts of Carapax Eriocheir sinensis, 1 part of sawdust, 1 part of saccharomycete, 1 part of methyl α-naphthyl acetate and water.
Illumination period and dark period are set alternately in step (4) germinating cabinet：Light application time is 8h, and illumination is strong
It is 25 DEG C to spend for 2000LX, temperature control；Interlunation 5h, temperature control are 15 DEG C, light intensity 150LX.
Step (4) germinator includes the raw material of following part meter：4 parts of amino acid/11,14 parts of boric acid, 3 parts of selenium powder, multiple nitre
100 parts of 3 parts of phenol sodium, 3 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 4 parts of Nafusaku, 1 part of extract solution from aloe, 1 part of glycerine and water.
Step (5) seedling medium includes the raw material of following part meter：65 parts of turfy soil, 45 parts of wood chip, 35 parts of vermiculite, river
3 parts of 19 parts of sand, 8 parts of biogas residue, 8 parts of ground phosphate rock, 5 parts of ammonium nitrate, 5 parts of potassium nitrate and magnesium sulfate.
Step (6) liquid manure includes the raw material of following part meter：45 parts of oyster shell whiting, 24 parts of rapeseed cake, 19 parts of rice bran, vermiculite power
19 parts, 14 parts of citric acid, 14 parts of urea, 14 parts of vinasse, 10 parts of humic acid, 9 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5 parts of sodium selenite, manganese sulfate 5
100 parts of part, 3 parts of magnesium sulfate and water.
Embodiment 2
A kind of seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear, comprises the following steps：
(1), seed collection
In the Pear Fruit mature period, the Cuiguan pear elite stand fruit of pure elite stand kind, robust growth, no disease and pests harm is taken
It is real, place naturally to pericarp softness, wash rejecting pulp by rubbing with the hands, leave the seed containing endocarp；
Seed containing endocarp is put into 15% NaCl solution and soaks 2h, so as to remove the fruit adhered on kind of skin
Meat, seed is placed on blotting paper and spontaneously dried, gone not plump, impurity elimination with wet cleaning process, remove brokenly grain, select full seed；
(2), seed treatment
Once awake kind：The seed that step (1) obtains is put into 45 DEG C of clear water and soaks 2h, then takes out and leaching is put into after draining
40min is soaked in kind liquid；
Dormancy is handled：The seed for kind of once waking up is put into freezer or refrigerator, keeping temperature is 5 DEG C, relative humidity 77%,
Refrigeration 4 days；
Secondary awake kind：Seed after dormancy is handled takes out, and is put into bactericidal liquid and soaks 50min, in immersion process with
60r/min rotating speed stirring；
(3) kind of a processing, is macerated
Digging 60cm dell is vexed to macerate seed, and the bottom in hole spreads a layer thickness and macerates ripe pig manure for 4cm, repaves a layer thickness
Macerate kind of a matrix for 3cm, then spread one layer of seed, it is corresponding continue cycling through one layer of pig manure of laying, one layer macerate kind of matrix and one layer of kind
Son, 9 layers are stacked, then cover the thick diatomite of 15cm, keep moistening, after macerating kind of processing 8 days, taken out standby；
(4), vernalization is handled
Electric current vernalization：The seed that step (3) obtains is put into vernalization in insulation vernalization casing, sets vernalization casing upper end to open
Mouthful, the bottom of vernalization casing offers mesh, and vernalization box cavity both sides are symmetrically arranged with battery lead plate, and seed is put into rear germinating box
After body, a germinator is sprayed every 5h, after having sprayed germinator every time, two electrode plates set in germinating box body are distinguished
The positive pole and negative pole of power supply are connected, is switched on power, the micro-current that intensity is 20 μ A is passed through to seed, each conduction time is 15s,
After 35h, seed is taken out from vernalization casing；
Germinating cabinet's vernalization：The fine sand that a layer thickness is 4cm is laid in germinating cabinet, seed is embedded in fine sand, and will be foregoing
Germinator is with clear water according to 1：3 ratios are mixed to get the germination liquid after being watered, and spray fine sand, keep fine sand moistening, treat 90% with
After upper seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, prepare sowing；
(5), seeding and seedling raising
Preparing nursery bed, seedling medium is laid, laying depth 15cm, Small plastic shed is built with bamboo cane and covers shading rate
Seedling growth greenhouse is made in 75% sunshade net, and the Cuiguan pear seed after vernalization is uniformly sowed in seedling medium, every mu of sowing
4.5kg, after planting pours permeable immediately, is then covered with fine earth, and the thickness of fine earth is 2cm, then covers one layer of straw again, until
Come up, remove straw；
(6), seedling management
Sunshade net is thrown off after seed sprouting in good time, every the watering of 4 days roots once, every 2 days blade face water sprays once, every
10 Tiangengs apply liquid manure once, reject small and weak, disease and excessive growth seedling, it is ensured that nursery stock is neat；
(7), lifting goes out garden.
Wherein,
Step (2) seed-soaking liquid includes the raw material of following part meter：25 parts of bamboo vinegar, 20 parts of taurine, potassium permanganate 20
Part, 15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of sodium selenite, 10 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 10 parts of gibberellin, 3 parts of shrubby sophora extract, zinc sulfate 3
110 parts of part, 3 parts of magnesium sulfate and water.
Step (2) bactericidal liquid includes the raw material of following part meter：25 parts of potassium permanganate, 15 parts of carbendazim, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 8
102 parts of part, 8 parts of heteroauxin and water.
The step (3), which macerates kind of matrix, includes the raw material of following part meter：16 parts of expanded perlite, 16 parts of pine needle meal, vinasse
55 parts of 12 parts, 10 parts of bagasse, 6 parts of oyster shell whiting, 6 parts of Carapax Eriocheir sinensis, 3 parts of sawdust, 3 parts of saccharomycete, 3 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate and water.
Illumination period and dark period are set alternately in step (4) germinating cabinet：Light application time is 10h, illumination
Intensity is 2500LX, and temperature control is 26 DEG C；Interlunation 6h, temperature control are 18 DEG C, light intensity 800LX.
Step (4) germinator includes the raw material of following part meter：6 parts of amino acid/11,16 parts of boric acid, 5 parts of selenium powder, multiple nitre
120 parts of 5 parts of phenol sodium, 5 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 5 parts of Nafusaku, 3 parts of extract solution from aloe, 3 parts of glycerine and water.
Step (5) seedling medium includes the raw material of following part meter：75 parts of turfy soil, 55 parts of wood chip, 45 parts of vermiculite, river
5 parts of 21 parts of sand, 10 parts of biogas residue, 10 parts of ground phosphate rock, 7 parts of ammonium nitrate, 7 parts of potassium nitrate and magnesium sulfate.
Step (6) liquid manure includes the raw material of following part meter：55 parts of oyster shell whiting, 26 parts of rapeseed cake, 21 parts of rice bran, vermiculite power
21 parts, 16 parts of citric acid, 16 parts of urea, 16 parts of vinasse, 12 parts of humic acid, 11 parts of ferrous sulfate, 7 parts of sodium selenite, manganese sulfate 7
150 parts of part, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate and water.
Embodiment 3
A kind of seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear, comprises the following steps：
(1), seed collection
In the Pear Fruit mature period, the Cuiguan pear elite stand fruit of pure elite stand kind, robust growth, no disease and pests harm is taken
It is real, place naturally to pericarp softness, wash rejecting pulp by rubbing with the hands, leave the seed containing endocarp；
Seed containing endocarp is put into 12% NaCl solution and soaks 1.5h, so as to remove the fruit adhered on kind of skin
Meat, seed is placed on blotting paper and spontaneously dried, gone not plump, impurity elimination with wet cleaning process, remove brokenly grain, select full seed；
(2), seed treatment
Once awake kind：The seed that step (1) obtains is put into 43 DEG C of clear water and soaks 1.5h, then takes out and is put into after draining
35min is soaked in seed-soaking liquid；
Dormancy is handled：The seed for kind of once waking up is put into freezer or refrigerator, keeping temperature is 3 DEG C, relative humidity 76%,
Refrigeration 3 days；
Secondary awake kind：Seed after dormancy is handled takes out, and is put into bactericidal liquid and soaks 45min, in immersion process with
55r/min rotating speed stirring；
(3) kind of a processing, is macerated
Digging 57cm dell is vexed to macerate seed, and the bottom in hole spreads a layer thickness and macerates ripe pig manure for 3cm, repaves a layer thickness
Macerate kind of a matrix for 2cm, then spread one layer of seed, it is corresponding continue cycling through one layer of pig manure of laying, one layer macerate kind of matrix and one layer of kind
Son, 9 layers are stacked, then cover the thick diatomite of 12cm, keep moistening, after macerating kind of processing 7 days, taken out standby；
(4), vernalization is handled
Electric current vernalization：The seed that step (3) obtains is put into vernalization in insulation vernalization casing, sets vernalization casing upper end to open
Mouthful, the bottom of vernalization casing offers mesh, and vernalization box cavity both sides are symmetrically arranged with battery lead plate, and seed is put into rear germinating box
After body, a germinator is sprayed every 4.5h, after having sprayed germinator every time, by two electrode plates set in germinating box body point
Not Lian Jie power supply positive pole and negative pole, switch on power, be passed through the micro-current that intensity is 20 μ A to seed, each conduction time is
After 12s, 32h, seed is taken out from vernalization casing；
Germinating cabinet's vernalization：The fine sand that a layer thickness is 4cm is laid in germinating cabinet, seed is embedded in fine sand, and will be foregoing
Germinator is with clear water according to 1：2 ratios are mixed to get the germination liquid after being watered, and spray fine sand, keep fine sand moistening, treat 90% with
After upper seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, prepare sowing；
(5), seeding and seedling raising
Preparing nursery bed, seedling medium is laid, laying depth 12cm, Small plastic shed is built with bamboo cane and covers shading rate
Seedling growth greenhouse is made in 65% sunshade net, and the Cuiguan pear seed after vernalization is uniformly sowed in seedling medium, every mu of sowing 4kg,
After planting pour permeable, then covered with fine earth, the thickness of fine earth is 2cm, one layer of straw is then covered again, until seedling goes out immediately
Soil, remove straw；
(6), seedling management
Sunshade net is thrown off after seed sprouting in good time, every the watering of 4 days roots once, every 2 days blade face water sprays once, every
10 Tiangengs apply liquid manure once, reject small and weak, disease and excessive growth seedling, it is ensured that nursery stock is neat；
(7), lifting goes out garden.
Wherein,
Step (2) seed-soaking liquid includes the raw material of following part meter：23 parts of bamboo vinegar, 17 parts of taurine, potassium permanganate 17
Part, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 7 parts of sodium selenite, 7 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 7 parts of gibberellin, 2.5 parts of shrubby sophora extract, zinc sulfate 2.5
105 parts of part, 2.5 parts of magnesium sulfate and water.
Step (2) bactericidal liquid includes the raw material of following part meter：22.5 parts of potassium permanganate, 12.5 parts of carbendazim, naphthalene second
101 parts of 7 parts of acid, 7 parts of heteroauxin and water.
The step (3), which macerates kind of matrix, includes the raw material of following part meter：15 parts of expanded perlite, 15 parts of pine needle meal, vinasse
45 parts of 11 parts, 9.5 parts of bagasse, 5 parts of oyster shell whiting, 5 parts of Carapax Eriocheir sinensis, 2 parts of sawdust, 2 parts of saccharomycete, 2 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate and water.
Illumination period and dark period are set alternately in step (4) germinating cabinet：Light application time is 9h, and illumination is strong
It is 25 DEG C to spend for 2200LX, temperature control；Interlunation 5.5h, temperature control are 17 DEG C, light intensity 500LX.
Step (4) germinator includes the raw material of following part meter：5 parts of amino acid/11,15 parts of boric acid, 4 parts of selenium powder, multiple nitre
110 parts of 4 parts of phenol sodium, 4 parts of ABT root-inducing powders, 4 parts of Nafusaku, 2 parts of extract solution from aloe, 2 parts of glycerine and water.
Step (5) seedling medium includes the raw material of following part meter：70 parts of turfy soil, 50 parts of wood chip, 40 parts of vermiculite, river
4 parts of 20 parts of sand, 9 parts of biogas residue, 9 parts of ground phosphate rock, 6 parts of ammonium nitrate, 6 parts of potassium nitrate and magnesium sulfate.
Step (6) liquid manure includes the raw material of following part meter：50 parts of oyster shell whiting, 25 parts of rapeseed cake, 20 parts of rice bran, vermiculite power
20 parts, 15 parts of citric acid, 15 parts of urea, 15 parts of vinasse, 11 parts of humic acid, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 6 parts of sodium selenite, manganese sulfate 6
125 parts of part, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate and water.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, or which part technical characteristic is equally replaced
Change.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1), seed collection
In the Pear Fruit mature period, the Cuiguan pear elite stand fruit of pure elite stand kind, robust growth, no disease and pests harm is taken, from
So place to pericarp softness, wash rejecting pulp by rubbing with the hands, leave the seed containing endocarp；
Seed containing endocarp is put into 1~2h of immersion in 10~15% NaCl solution, so as to remove what is adhered on kind of skin
Pulp, seed is placed on blotting paper and spontaneously dried, gone not plump, impurity elimination with wet cleaning process, remove brokenly grain, select full seed；
(2), seed treatment
Once awake kind：The seed that step (1) obtains is put into 1~2h of immersion in 40~45 DEG C of clear water, then takes out and is put after draining
Enter 30~40min of immersion in seed-soaking liquid；
Dormancy is handled：The seed once waken up kind is put into freezer or refrigerator, keeping temperature is 2~5 DEG C, relative humidity be 75~
77%, refrigerate 2~4 days；
Secondary awake kind：Seed after dormancy is handled takes out, and is put into bactericidal liquid and soaks 40~50min, with 50 in immersion process
~60r/min rotating speed stirring；
(3) kind of a processing, is macerated
55~60cm of digging dell is vexed to macerate seed, and the bottom in hole spreads a layer thickness and macerates ripe pig manure for 2~4cm, repaves one layer
Thickness is that 1~3cm macerates kind of a matrix, then spreads one layer of seed, it is corresponding continue cycling through one layer of pig manure of laying, one layer macerate kind of matrix and
One layer of seed, 8~9 layers are stacked, then cover the thick diatomite of 10~15cm, keep moistening, after macerating kind of processing 6~8 days, taken out standby
With；
(4), vernalization is handled
Electric current vernalization：The seed that step (3) obtains is put into vernalization in insulation vernalization casing, vernalization casing upper end open is set,
The bottom of vernalization casing offers mesh, and vernalization box cavity both sides are symmetrically arranged with battery lead plate, and seed is put into rear vernalization casing
Afterwards, a germinator is sprayed every 4~5h, after having sprayed germinator every time, by two electrode plates set in germinating box body point
Not Lian Jie power supply positive pole and negative pole, switch on power, to seed be passed through intensity be 20 μ A micro-current, each conduction time be 10
After~15s, 30~35h, seed is taken out from vernalization casing；
Germinating cabinet's vernalization：The fine sand that a layer thickness is 3~4cm is laid in germinating cabinet, seed is embedded in fine sand, and is urged foregoing
Bud agent is with clear water according to 1：2~3 ratios are mixed to get the germination liquid after being watered, and spray fine sand, keep fine sand moistening, treat 90% with
After upper seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, prepare sowing；
(5), seeding and seedling raising
Preparing nursery bed, seedling medium is laid, laying depth is 10~15cm, builds Small plastic shed with bamboo cane and covers shading rate 50
Seedling growth greenhouse is made in~75% sunshade net, and the Cuiguan pear seed after vernalization is uniformly sowed in seedling medium, and every mu of sowing 4~
4.5kg, after planting pours permeable immediately, is then covered with fine earth, and the thickness of fine earth is 1~2cm, then covers one layer of straw again,
Until coming up, straw is removed；
(6), seedling management
Sunshade net is thrown off after seed sprouting in good time, every the watering of 4 days roots once, every 1~2 day blade face water spray once, every
10 Tiangengs apply liquid manure once, reject small and weak, disease and excessive growth seedling, it is ensured that nursery stock is neat；
(7), lifting goes out garden.
2. the seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (2) the seed-soaking liquid bag
Include the raw material of following part meter：20~25 parts of bamboo vinegar, 15~20 parts of taurine, 15~20 parts of potassium permanganate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10
~15 parts, 5~10 parts of sodium selenite, 5~10 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 5~10 parts of gibberellin, 2~3 parts of shrubby sophora extract, zinc sulfate 2
100~110 parts of~3 parts, 2~3 parts of magnesium sulfate and water.
3. the seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (2) the bactericidal liquid bag
Include the raw material of following part meter：20~25 parts of potassium permanganate, 10~15 parts of carbendazim, 6~8 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, 6~8 parts of heteroauxin
With 100~102 parts of water.
4. the seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (3) macerates kind of a matrix
Include the raw material of following part meter：14~16 parts of expanded perlite, 14~16 parts of pine needle meal, 10~12 parts of vinasse, bagasse 9~10
Part, 4~6 parts of oyster shell whiting, 4~6 parts of Carapax Eriocheir sinensis, 1~3 part of sawdust, 1~3 part of saccharomycete, 1~3 part of methyl α-naphthyl acetate and water 35~55
Part.
5. the seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (4) germinating cabinet
Illumination period and dark period are set alternately：Light application time is 8~10h, and intensity of illumination is 2000~2500LX, temperature control
It is made as 25~26 DEG C；5~6h of interlunation, temperature control are 15~18 DEG C, and light intensity is 150~800LX.
6. the seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (4) the germinator bag
Include the raw material of following part meter：4~16 parts of amino acid/11,14~16 parts of boric acid, 3~5 parts of selenium powder, 3~5 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, ABT lifes
100~120 parts of 3~5 parts of root powder, 4~5 parts of Nafusaku, 1~3 part of extract solution from aloe, 1~3 part of glycerine and water.
7. the seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (5) seedling medium
Include the raw material of following part meter：65~75 parts of turfy soil, 45~55 parts of wood chip, 35~45 parts of vermiculite, 19~21 parts of river sand, biogas residue
3~5 parts of 8~10 parts, 8~10 parts of ground phosphate rock, 5~7 parts of ammonium nitrate, 5~7 parts of potassium nitrate and magnesium sulfate.
8. the seed seedling-raising method of Cuiguan pear according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (6) liquid manure includes
The raw material of following part meter：45~55 parts of oyster shell whiting, 24~26 parts of rapeseed cake, 19~21 parts of rice bran, 19~21 parts of vermiculite power, citric acid
14~16 parts, 14~16 parts of urea, 14~16 parts of vinasse, 10~12 parts of humic acid, 9~11 parts of ferrous sulfate, sodium selenite 5~
100~150 parts of 7 parts, 5~7 parts of manganese sulfate, 3~5 parts of magnesium sulfate and water.
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| CN108271631A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-07-13 | 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 | A kind of sunflower high-yield planting method |
| CN108450274A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-08-28 | 合肥申沃园艺有限公司 | A kind of seed seedling-raising method of Lisianthus |
| CN108476877A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-09-04 | 合肥百绿盛农业科技有限公司 | A kind of ecology planting method improving eggplant disease resistance ability |
| CN109169156A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-01-11 | 吴江市黎里心怡农业科技有限公司 | A kind of pear tree compound nutritional matrix |
| CN111543137A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2020-08-18 | 江苏嘉润生态苗木有限公司 | Rose seed seedling raising method |
| CN114145176A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-08 | 安徽九华翌芸生态农业观光旅游有限公司 | Kiwi fruit seedling cultivation and planting method |
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Application publication date: 20180109 |