CN107540756A - One kind promotees blood coagulation Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide and its purification methods and uses - Google Patents
One kind promotees blood coagulation Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide and its purification methods and uses Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of plant extraction, and in particular to one kind promotees blood coagulation Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide and its purification methods and uses.The extraction separation method is that Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower is obtained into Thick many candies through degreasing, water extract-alcohol precipitation, and then the Thick many candies after removing protein, decolouring are further purified with the cellulose chromatography posts of DEAE 52, the gel chromatographic columnses of Sephadex G 100 and obtain.The present invention investigates to the external coagulating effectiveness of the polysaccharide, the results showed that the polysaccharide has good hemostasis effect, available for preparing coagulant thing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant extraction, and in particular to one kind promotees blood coagulation Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide and its extraction separation side
Method and application.
Background technology
Glossy privet（Ligustrum lucidumAit）For Oleaceae glossy privet platymiscium, originate on the south the Changjiang river to south China, southwest
Each provinces and regions, northwestwards it is distributed to Shaanxi, Gansu, Korea and is also distributed, there is cultivation in India, Nepal.Its dry fruit is glossy privet
Son, there is the effect of nourishing liver and kidney, UFA eyesight.At present, some researchers make to concocting method, the pharmacology of the fruit of glossy privet both at home and abroad
There is in-depth study with, chemical composition etc., chemical research shows that it contains polysaccharide, organic acid, terpene, steroid and flavonoids
Isoreactivity composition, there is anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, the raising effect such as immunity of organisms and liver protection, and the research to Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower then only limits
In extraction process, volatile oil, flavonoids, terpene etc., and the research on Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide has no report, therefore this is not only
The progress in polysaccharide field, while also provide wide prospect for the further utilization of Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower.
Blood coagulation is substantially the process that water miscible fibrinogen is changed into the solid fabric albumen of water-insoluble, be
Endogenous or（With）Thrombokinase is produced under exogenous cruor pathway, fibrin ferment is produced in the presence of clotting factor,
Finally fibrinogen is set to be changed into fibrin in the presence of fibrin ferment.Plasma prothrombin time（PT）Mainly reflect
It is factor I in exogenous cruor pathway, II, V, VII, X activity；Activated partial thromboplastic time（APTT）It is main anti-
Intrinsic coagulation system situation is reflected, it is relevant with the intrinsic coagulation factor active such as VIII, X, XI, XII；Thrombin time（TT）Value
It is the important indicator that main reflection fibrinogen is changed into fibrin degree；Plasma fibrinogen（FIB）Main reflection
The content of fibrinogen.
Blood clotting can be promoted and make the medicine of stopped bleeding, referred to as hemostatic.Clinically go out caused by the various causes of disease
Blood is relatively common, such as surgery and orthopaedic srugery：Intestines and stomach, kidney, bladder, prostate and thoracic operation；Such as create fracture bleeding, lift face
Surgery, cranium brain swelling and pain, contusion bleeding etc.；Internal medicine：Hepatopathy bleeding, tumour bleeding, hemorrhoid blood, empsyxis, nosebleed etc.；Gynaecology's hand
Art：Uterus and colpopolypus, myomata and tumour bleeding, bleeding after radiotherapy；Urological department：Hemorrhage of prostate, prostate excision,
Kidney and cystirrhagia etc.；Ear-nose-throat department：Outpatient service minor operation is prevented, tonsil resection, operation on larynx；Dentistry, the department of stomatology：Extraction hand
Art, palatine operation, gingivitis bleeding.Coagulant is one of extensive medicine of clinical application range, is also had in wound important
Application value, it mainly by reinforcement intravascular coagulation factor or suppress anticoagulant factor, promote blood coagulation, to reach hemostasis mesh
's.
The content of the invention
The isolated Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower with hemostasis effect is extracted from Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of
Polysaccharide, while provide extraction separation method and the application of the Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of extraction separation method for promoting blood coagulation Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide, it comprises the following steps：
（1）Fresh Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower, dry in the shade, crush, with petroleum ether flow back degreasing, after residue volatilizes petroleum ether, with alcohol steep, institute
Residue evaporates into no alcohol taste, then with ultrapure water heating extracting, filter while hot, the 1/ of original volume be concentrated under reduced pressure into after merging filtrate
4 or so, then ethanol is added into concentrate, stand, centrifugation, obtained precipitation adds ultra-pure water dissolving dialysis miscellaneous to remove small molecule
Matter, dialyzate carry out alcohol precipitation, and obtained polysaccharide precipitation, which is freeze-dried, produces Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower Thick many candies；
（2）Remove albumen, decolourize after Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower Thick many candies, dissolved with ultra-pure water, filter after be added to DEAE-52 fiber plain colors
Compose post, eluted successively with ultra-pure water, 0.1mol/L, 0.2mol/L, 0.3mol/L NaCl solution, eluent using phenol-
Sulfuric acid process is detected, and the absorbance surveyed at 490 nm, to elute pipe number as abscissa, absorbance is ordinate, draws elution
Curve, merge the polysaccharide sample of same eluting peak, be freeze-dried after dialysis, concentration；Wherein, 0.1 mol/L NaCl solution are washed
De- peak is component LL-1, and the eluting peak of 0.2 mol/L NaCl solutions is component LL-2,0.3 mol/L NaCl solutions elution
Peak is component LL-3；
（3）Component LL-1 dissolves with ultra-pure water, filter after be added to Sephadex G-100 gel chromatographic columnses, with ultrapure washing
It is de-, detected using phend-sulphuric acid, its absorbance, to elute pipe number as abscissa, absorbance are surveyed at the nm of wavelength 490
For ordinate, elution curve is drawn, obtains two groups of eluting peaks, concentrates the 2nd group of eluting peak, the polysaccharide for being freeze-dried to obtain is named as
LLp-1b；LLp-1b is to promote blood coagulation Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide.
Wherein, DEAE-52 celluloses are a kind of acidulous anion exchangers, mainly its adsorbable ionic species,
Such as protein, acidic polysaccharose etc., and then can smoothly it flow out as most neutral polysaccharide, so as to discard the dross and select the essential, reach point
From purpose, be usually used in the purifying of polysaccharide.
Wherein, SephadexG-100 gels are a kind of semi-synthetic gels, have a certain size aperture, different shape
Translational speed is different in gel chromatography column with the polysaccharide molecule of size, so that macromolecular polysaccharide and micromolecular compound, such as
Salt, pigment, albumen, micromolecular polysaccharide etc. separate, and can both play the purpose of purified polysaccharide, can be used for identifying polysaccharide again
Purity.
The rush blood coagulation Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide being prepared using above-mentioned extraction separation method.
Above-mentioned rush blood coagulation Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide is preparing the application in coagulant object space face.
Compared to the prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention uses special extraction separation method isolated polysaccharide LLp-1b from Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower, and to the external of the polysaccharide
Coagulating effectiveness is investigated, the results showed that the polysaccharide has good hemostasis effect, available for coagulant thing is prepared, such as promotees solidifying
Blood agent.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower Thick many candies DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography elution curves；
Fig. 2 components LL-1 SephadexG-100 gel column chromatography elution curves；
Fig. 3 Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide LLp-1b ultraviolet-visible spectrum full wavelength scanners；
The GC chromatograms of Fig. 4 standard mixture of monosaccharides；
Fig. 5 is LLp-1b hydrolysate GC chromatograms.
Embodiment
Below by way of embodiment, the technology contents of the present invention are described in further detail again, but the present invention
Protection domain is not limited thereto.
In following embodiments, material Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower used is collected in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province Huaxi District wetland park, is sweet-scented osmanthus
Section glossy privet platymiscium glossy privetLigustrum lucidumAit flower.
Concentration of alcohol herein is volumetric concentration.
1st, promote the extraction separation method of blood coagulation Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide, comprise the following steps：
（1）Fresh Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower dries in the shade, crushed in the cool（475 g）, flowed back degreasing 2 times with petroleum ether, every time 2 h, residue
After volatilizing petroleum ether, extracted 3 times with 70% ethanol room temperature, 3 d, reclaims Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower residue every time, is placed in fume hood and treats that it is waved
No alcohol taste is sent to, then uses ultra-pure water（Solid-liquid ratio 1g：12mL）In 85 DEG C of heating extractions 2 times, 5 h, second of 4 h for the first time.
Filtered while hot with Buchner funnel, merging filtrate, 1/4 or so of original volume is concentrated into Rotary Evaporators, to the solution after concentration
Middle addition absolute ethyl alcohol centrifuges to final concentration of 70%, 4 DEG C of standing 12h（6000 r/min, 10 min）Its precipitation is taken, precipitation is done
Ultra-pure water dissolving dialysis is added after dry（Loaded in bag filter, 36h, a ultra-pure water is changed per 2-4h）, during dialysis magnetic agitation with
Small molecular weight impurity is removed, then dialyzate carries out alcohol precipitation, and obtained polysaccharide precipitation, which is freeze-dried, produces Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower Thick many candies.
（2）Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower Thick many candies are completely dissolved with appropriate ultra-pure water and obtain the Thick many candies aqueous solution, it is water-soluble according to Thick many candies
The amount of the volume of liquid 1/4 adds Sevag reagents（Chloroform：N-butanol=4:1, volume ratio）, magnetic agitation shakes 30 min, and placement makes
Its natural layerings, undermost solvent and the denatured protein being mixed between supernatant and solvent are removed, obtain supernatant,
Aforesaid operations are repeated several times until occurring without albuminate layer.It is dense to end that absolute ethyl alcohol is added after supernatant is concentrated under reduced pressure
Spend for 70%, 4 DEG C of standing 12h, its drying precipitate is taken after centrifugation, produces the Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower Thick many candies except deproteinized.
（3）Step（2）Gained is completely dissolved except the Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower raw sugar of deproteinized with appropriate ultra-pure water, and one is added into solution
Quantitative D101 macroreticular resins, 24 h are shaken in 25 DEG C, magnetic stirring apparatus, filtering, resin is washed, merging filtrate, adds 95%
Ethanol takes its drying precipitate, produces the Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower Thick many candies of decolouring to final concentration of 70%, 4 DEG C of 24 h of standing after centrifugation.
（4）Take step（3）Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower Thick many candies after decolouring, are dissolved with ultra-pure water, filtered, and are added to DEAE-52 fibers
Plain column chromatography, carry out gradient elution, flow velocity with ultra-pure water, 0.1mol/L, 0.2 mol/L, 0.3 mol/L NaCl solution successively
In 1.0 mL/min, the automatic fraction collectors of BSZ-100 collect elution samples for control, and every 8 min collects a pipe, take phenol-
Sulfuric acid process carries out more sugar detections, and its absorbance is determined at 490 nm, and to elute pipe number as abscissa, absorbance is ordinate,
Draw elution curve（As shown in Figure 1）, merge the polysaccharide sample of same eluting peak, be freeze-dried after dialysis, concentration, wherein, 0.1
The eluting peak of mol/L NaCl solutions is component LL-1, and the eluting peaks of 0.2 mol/L NaCl solutions is component LL-2,0.3
The eluting peak of mol/L NaCl solutions is component LL-3.
（5）After taking component LL-1 to be dissolved with ultra-pure water, filtering, with Sephadex G-100 gel column chromatographies (1.5 × 100
Cm) further isolate and purify, with ultrapure water elution, flow control is received in 0.5 mL/min, the automatic fraction collectors of BSZ-100
Collecting elution samples, every 5 min collects a pipe, carries out more sugar detections using phend-sulphuric acid, its absorbance is surveyed at 490 nm,
To elute pipe number as abscissa, absorbance is ordinate, draws polysaccharide elution curve（As shown in Figure 2）, two groups of eluting peaks are obtained,
The 2nd group of eluting peak is concentrated, the polysaccharide for being freeze-dried to obtain is named as LLp-1b；LLp-1b is to promote blood coagulation Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide.
2nd, blood coagulation Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide LLp-1b ultraviolet-visible spectrum analysis, molecular weight determination and component analysis is promoted.
2.1 ultraviolet-visible spectrums are analyzed
It is as shown in Figure 3 to LLp-1b ultraviolet-visible full wavelength scanner, analysis result.From figure 3, it can be seen that polysaccharide exists
Illustrate that LLp-1b is free of protein and nucleic acid without obvious absworption peak at 260 nm and 280 nm.
2.2 molecular weight determination
Using 40,000,6.4 ten thousand, 150,000,250,000 and 500,000 glucan as reference substance, using the liquid phase color equipped with refractive index detector
Spectrometer carries out the measure of polysaccharide molecular weight, as a result shows：LLp-1b mean molecule quantity（Average Mw）For 64919 g/
mol。
2.3 monosaccharide composition analysis.
2.3.1 the hydrolysis of polysaccharide
It is accurate to weigh the mg of polysaccharide LLp-1b 10, add in 5 mL ampoule bottles, add the mol/L of 2 mL 2 trifluoroacetic acid, nitrogen
Sealing gland pipe.3 h are hydrolyzed at 110 DEG C, rotary evaporation removes trifluoroacetic acid solution, adds a small amount of methanol dissolved residue, and rotation is steamed
Drying is sent to, is so repeated 3 times, obtained hydrolysate is standby.
2.3.2 the derivatization of monose
The mg of the hydroxylamine hydrochloride 10 and mL of pyridine 0.5 is added into hydrolysate, vibration mixes, and is put into heating response in 90 DEG C of water-baths
30 min.Taking-up is cooled to room temperature, adds the mL of acetic anhydride 0.5, continues to react 30 min at 90 DEG C to carry out acetylation, instead
Answer product to inject gas-chromatography after 0.22 μm of membrane filtration to be analyzed；Standard monose is handled with same procedure, and mark is made
Quasi- monosaccharide derivatives mixed liquor.
2.3.3 GC conditions
Chromatographic column：HP（30 m × 0.35 mm, 0.25 μm)；Injector temperature：250 ℃；Detector temperature：280 ℃；Chromatographic column
Heating schedule：100 DEG C of 1 min of holding of initial temperature, then rise to 240 DEG C with 4 DEG C/min speed by 100 DEG C,
Keep 10 min；Carrier gas：High pure nitrogen, the mL/min of flow velocity 2；Sample size is 2 μ L.
2.3.4 monosaccharide composition analysis result
The GC chromatograms of standard mixture of monosaccharides are shown in Fig. 4（1. L- rhamnoses；2. the D- xyloses of L-arabinose 3.；4. D- is sweet
Dew sugar；5. D-Glucose；6. D- galactolipins）, Fig. 5 is monose GC chromatograms of the LLp-1b after hydrolysis, by with standard list
The comparison of retention time can determine that the monose of sample is formed in sugared collection of illustrative plates.As shown in Figure 5, LLp-1b detects D- galas
Sugar.
3 promote blood coagulation Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide LLp-1b activity analysis
Method：Using the external blood plasma blood coagulation of rabbit, four carry out blood coagulation activity detection to Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide.
3.1 instruments and reagent
TGL-16gR high speed desktop refrigerated centrifuges（Anting Scientific Instrument Factory, Shanghai）；(Shanghai one is permanent for LRH-150 biochemical cultivation cases
Science and Technology Ltd.)；Sodium chloride injection（Cisen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1603311336）；0.109 mol/L citric acids
Sodium solution（Self-control）, Yunnan Baiyao（Yunnan Paiyao Group Corp., Ltd, ZGA1604）；Breviscapine（Hunan is permanent
Raw pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, 15141005）；Prothrombin time（PT）Determine kit（105295）；During activated partial fibrin ferment
Between（APTT）Determine kit（1121911）；Thrombin time（TT）Determine kit（121168）；Fibrinogen（FIB）
Assay kit（132107）Produced by Shanghai Sun Bio-Tech Co., Ltd..
3.2 experimental animal
Beaver rabbit, male, the kg of body weight 2.0~2.5.
3.3 sample solutions are prepared
1 mg sample LLp-1b, 200 μ L solvents dissolve 5 mg/mL solution of system.The mg of Breviscapinun 8 is taken with 600 μ L solvents
13.33 mg/mL are made, take the mg of Yunnan Baiyao 1 that 40 mg/mL solution are made with 25 μ L solvents.Solvent（It is molten to also serve as blank
Agent）For：Absolute ethyl alcohol:1,2- propane diols:Physiological saline=1:1:3（Volume ratio）.
3.4 experimental method.
3.4.1 the detection method influenceed on APTT
The preparation of blood plasma：Rabbit auricular vein takes the mL of blood 3.6, is placed in 4 mL containing the μ L of 0.109 mol/L sodium citrates 400
In centrifuge tube, gently overturn and mix, 3000 rpm centrifuge 15 min, take supernatant liquor standby.
The 50 each sample solutions of μ L are added in different test cups respectively, add 100 μ L blood plasma and 37 DEG C of pre-temperatures
APTT reagents 100 μ L, 37 DEG C of 0.025 mol/L CaCl for being incubated 37 DEG C of pre-temperatures of addition after 5 min2The μ L of solution 100, record
Setting time.
3.4.2 the detection method influenceed on PT
The same 3.4.1 of blood plasma preparation method, the 50 each sample solutions of μ L are added in different test cups respectively, add 100 μ L
Blood plasma, 37 DEG C are incubated the μ L of PT reagents 200 that 37 DEG C of pre-temperatures are added after 3 min, record setting time, as PT values.
3.4.3 the detection method influenceed on TT
The same 3.4.1 of blood plasma preparation method, each sample solutions of 50 μ L and 200 μ L blood are added in different test cups respectively
Slurry, the μ L of TT reagents 200 are added after being incubated 3min, record setting time.
3.4.4 the detection method influenceed on FIB
The same 3.4.1 of blood plasma preparation method, directrix curve is calibrated according to reagent specification.200 μ L blood plasma and 200 μ L samples are taken, so
After add 700 μ L buffer solutions.After mixing, blood plasma 200 μ L, 37 DEG C of min of pre-temperature 3 after dilution are taken, add thrombin solution 100
μ L, record the content of fibrinogen.
3.5 data processing
As a result represented using arithmetic mean of instantaneous value and standard deviation, numerical statistic uses SPSS19.0 software one-way analysis of variance method
(One-Way ANOVA) compares its significant difference.Measurement result is shown in Table 1.
The LLp-1b coagulant activity ira vitro results of table 1
Note：Compared with blank, *** p<0.001< ** p<0.01< * p<0.05；
Compared with Yunnan Baiyao, ### p<0.001< ## p<0.01< # p<0.05；
Compared with Breviscapinun,△△△ p<0.001< △△ p <0.01< △ p <0.05。
As shown in Table 1, compared with blank group, LLp-1b can significantly shorten APTT and increase FIB（p<0.001）, its
Effect is slightly weaker than positive control Yunnan Baiyao group；The time that LLp-1b shortens PT and TT is shorter than blank group, but it is white to be longer than Yunnan
Medicine, it is seen then that the effect that LLp-1b shortens PT and TT is weaker than Yunnan Baiyao.There is certain rush blood coagulation to make by comprehensive analysis, LLp-1b
With.
Claims (3)
1. promote the extraction separation method of blood coagulation Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Fresh Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower, dry in the shade, crush, with petroleum ether flow back degreasing, after residue volatilizes petroleum ether, with alcohol steep, institute
Residue evaporates into no alcohol taste, then with ultrapure water heating extracting, filter, be concentrated under reduced pressure after merging filtrate while hot, then to concentrate
Middle addition ethanol, stand, centrifugation, obtained precipitation adds ultra-pure water dissolving dialysis, and to remove small molecular weight impurity, dialyzate carries out alcohol
Heavy, obtained polysaccharide precipitation, which is freeze-dried, produces Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower Thick many candies；
（2）Remove albumen, decolourize after Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower Thick many candies, dissolved with ultra-pure water, filter after be added to DEAE-52 fiber plain colors
Post is composed, is eluted successively with ultra-pure water, 0.1mol/L, 0.2mol/L, 0.3mol/L NaCl solution, eluent uses benzene
Phenol-sulfuric acid method is detected, and the absorbance surveyed at 490 nm, to elute pipe number as abscissa, absorbance is ordinate, and drafting is washed
De- curve, merge the polysaccharide sample of same eluting peak, be freeze-dried after dialysis, concentration；Wherein, 0.1 mol/L NaCl solutions
Eluting peak is component LL-1；
（3）Component LL-1 dissolves with ultra-pure water, filter after be added to Sephadex G-100 gel chromatographic columnses, with ultrapure washing
It is de-, detected using phend-sulphuric acid, its absorbance, to elute pipe number as abscissa, absorbance are surveyed at the nm of wavelength 490
For ordinate, elution curve is drawn, obtains two groups of eluting peaks, concentrates the 2nd group of eluting peak, the polysaccharide for being freeze-dried to obtain is named as
LLp-1b；LLp-1b is to promote blood coagulation Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide.
2. the rush blood coagulation Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide being prepared using the extraction separation method described in claim 1.
3. promoting blood coagulation Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.flower polysaccharide described in claim 2 is preparing the application in coagulant object space face.
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