CN107539014A - 一种轿车轮毂 - Google Patents
一种轿车轮毂 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002635 potassium citrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011082 potassium citrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/05—Alloys based on copper with manganese as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B1/00—Spoked wheels; Spokes thereof
- B60B1/06—Wheels with compression spokes
- B60B1/14—Attaching spokes to rim or hub
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B3/00—Disc wheels, i.e. wheels with load-supporting disc body
- B60B3/10—Disc wheels, i.e. wheels with load-supporting disc body apertured to simulate spoked wheels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
- C25D5/50—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by heat-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2310/00—Manufacturing methods
- B60B2310/20—Shaping
- B60B2310/202—Shaping by casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2310/00—Manufacturing methods
- B60B2310/20—Shaping
- B60B2310/204—Shaping by moulding, e.g. injection moulding, i.e. casting of plastics material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2310/00—Manufacturing methods
- B60B2310/20—Shaping
- B60B2310/208—Shaping by forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2310/00—Manufacturing methods
- B60B2310/20—Shaping
- B60B2310/214—Shaping by extrusion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2310/00—Manufacturing methods
- B60B2310/60—Surface treatment; After treatment
- B60B2310/621—Electro-chemical processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2360/00—Materials; Physical forms thereof
- B60B2360/10—Metallic materials
- B60B2360/109—Bronze
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
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- B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
- B60B2900/30—Increase in
- B60B2900/311—Rigidity or stiffness
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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Abstract
一种轿车轮毂，包括可拆分的铜合金轮辐和镍合金轮辋，所述轮辐包括多条呈辐射发散均匀分布的辐条，轮辐中心设有中心孔，中心孔周围均匀分布有多个安装孔，辐条的外端可拆卸的连接轮辋外侧端面，轮辋表面包覆有电镀镍层，轮辋采用镍合金和多道次旋压步骤保证强度，散热效果非常好，从而增强了制动性能，提高了轮胎的使用寿命，有效保障了汽车的安全行驶；轮辋表面电镀镍和使用的电镀镍液保证了其使用寿命并且使得镀层与合金结合牢固。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉一种轿车轮毂，属于轿车车轮部件技术领域。
背景技术
轿车轮毂是轿车零部件的一个重要组成部分，是车轮中心安装车轴的部位，是连接制动盘、轮盘和半轴的重要零部件，轿车轮毂在工作中是高速运行的，所以对车轮毂的强度等有很高的要求，现有的车轮毂大多采用直条轮辐，直条轮辐的缺点是安装强度较差，成本较高。
发明内容
一种轿车轮毂，包括可拆分的铜合金轮辐和镍合金轮辋，所述轮辐包括多条呈辐射发散均匀分布的辐条，轮辐中心设有中心孔，中心孔周围均匀分布有多个安装孔，辐条的外端可拆卸的连接轮辋外侧端面，轮辋表面包覆有电镀镍层，
铜合金轮辐元素质量百分比组成为：Mn 8.5﹪，Co 5.5﹪，Zn 2.5﹪，Bi 0.85﹪，V0.55﹪，Ti 0.35﹪，Al 0.25﹪，In 0.065﹪，Ga 0.085﹪，W 0.045﹪，Nb 0.045﹪，余量为Cu，将铜合金熔化，保温20分钟，之后模具预热；进行铸造，形成轮辐粗坯，铸造后在520-530℃，保温1小时，冷却之后加工出中心孔和安装孔，之后将工件加热至790-800℃保温15分钟之后淬火，将工件重新加热至420-430℃，保温2小时，
镍合金轮辋元素质量百分比组成为：Mn 4.5﹪，Co 3.5﹪，Nb 1.5﹪，Mo 0.75﹪，Mg0.45﹪，Si 0.35﹪，Zr 0.25﹪，Bi 0.075﹪，Cd 0.055﹪，C 0.045﹪，Ti 0.025﹪，余量为Ni，镍合金轮辋所需镍合金进行备料，将镍合金料坯加热至1100-1110℃在600吨的锻压机下锻造；之后温度控制在980-990℃保温15分钟后进行挤压，之后在790-800℃，保温2小时，放入扩口压力机上进行扩口，之后在旋压机上进行旋压加工，第一道次旋压温度保持在950-960℃；主轴转速达2.5转／s，进给比0.7mm/r，第二道次旋压温度保持在900-910℃；主轴转速达1.9转／s，进给比0.9mm/r，第三道次旋压温度保持在830-840℃；主轴转速达1.4转／s，进给比1.2mm/r，之后对轮辋表面预处理后在电镀镍液中进行电镀镍，电镀镍工艺：控制温度为30℃，电流密度为3A/dm2，电镀时间为90min，电镀镍液组成为：溶剂为水，硫酸镍25g/L、硝酸镍15g/L、氯化镍10.5g/L、硫酸铵3g/L、醋酸铵8g/L、氢氧化钾10g/L、硫酸铝5g/L、柠檬酸钾3g/L，之后在35℃的热水中，漂洗40s，之后在放入加热炉中热处理，温度控制在45℃，保温时间8min，之后升高温度至50℃热处理12min。
辐条的外端可拆卸的连接轮辋外侧端面可拆卸可以是螺钉式的。
上述发明内容相对于现有技术的有益效果在于：1）本发明轮毂采用可拆分铜合金轮辐和镍合金轮辋使得修理更换简便；2）轮辐采用铜合金保证轮毂的强度和更轻的重量，通过两次热模压使得制造精度更高，在高速转动时的变形小，减轻轮胎滚动阻力，从而减少了油耗， 3）轮辋采用镍合金和多道次旋压步骤保证强度，散热效果非常好，从而增强了制动性能，提高了轮胎的使用寿命，有效保障了汽车的安全行驶；4）轮辋表面电镀镍和使用的电镀镍液保证了其使用寿命并且使得镀层与合金结合牢固。
附图说明
图1为轮毂示意图；
图2为轮辐示意图。
具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现详细说明本发明的具体实施方式。
如图1-2所示一种轿车轮毂，包括可拆分的铜合金轮辐1和镍合金轮辋2，所述轮辐包括多条呈辐射发散均匀分布的辐条3，轮辐中心设有中心孔4，中心孔周围均匀分布有多个安装孔5，辐条的外端6可拆卸的连接轮辋外侧端面7，轮辋表面包覆有电镀镍层，
实施例1
一种轿车轮毂，包括可拆分的铜合金轮辐和镍合金轮辋，所述轮辐包括多条呈辐射发散均匀分布的辐条，轮辐中心设有中心孔，中心孔周围均匀分布有多个安装孔，辐条的外端可拆卸的连接轮辋外侧端面，轮辋表面包覆有电镀镍层，
铜合金轮辐元素质量百分比组成为：Mn 8.5﹪，Co 5.5﹪，Zn 2.5﹪，Bi 0.85﹪，V0.55﹪，Ti 0.35﹪，Al 0.25﹪，In 0.065﹪，Ga 0.085﹪，W 0.045﹪，Nb 0.045﹪，余量为Cu，将铜合金熔化，保温20分钟，之后模具预热；进行铸造，形成轮辐粗坯，铸造后在520-530℃，保温1小时，冷却之后加工出中心孔和安装孔，之后将工件加热至790-800℃保温15分钟之后淬火，将工件重新加热至420-430℃，保温2小时，
镍合金轮辋元素质量百分比组成为：Mn 4.5﹪，Co 3.5﹪，Nb 1.5﹪，Mo 0.75﹪，Mg0.45﹪，Si 0.35﹪，Zr 0.25﹪，Bi 0.075﹪，Cd 0.055﹪，C 0.045﹪，Ti 0.025﹪，余量为Ni，镍合金轮辋所需镍合金进行备料，将镍合金料坯加热至1100-1110℃在600吨的锻压机下锻造；之后温度控制在980-990℃保温15分钟后进行挤压，之后在790-800℃，保温2小时，放入扩口压力机上进行扩口，之后在旋压机上进行旋压加工，第一道次旋压温度保持在950-960℃；主轴转速达2.5转／s，进给比0.7mm/r，第二道次旋压温度保持在900-910℃；主轴转速达1.9转／s，进给比0.9mm/r，第三道次旋压温度保持在830-840℃；主轴转速达1.4转／s，进给比1.2mm/r，之后对轮辋表面预处理后在电镀镍液中进行电镀镍，电镀镍工艺：控制温度为30℃，电流密度为3A/dm2，电镀时间为90min，电镀镍液组成为：溶剂为水，硫酸镍25g/L、硝酸镍15g/L、氯化镍10.5g/L、硫酸铵3g/L、醋酸铵8g/L、氢氧化钾10g/L、硫酸铝5g/L、柠檬酸钾3g/L，之后在35℃的热水中，漂洗40s，之后在放入加热炉中热处理，温度控制在45℃，保温时间8min，之后升高温度至50℃热处理12min。
Claims (2)
1.一种轿车轮毂，包括可拆分的铜合金轮辐和镍合金轮辋，所述轮辐包括多条呈辐射发散均匀分布的辐条，轮辐中心设有中心孔，中心孔周围均匀分布有多个安装孔，辐条的外端可拆卸的连接轮辋外侧端面，轮辋表面包覆有电镀镍层，
铜合金轮辐元素质量百分比组成为：Mn 8.5﹪，Co 5.5﹪，Zn 2.5﹪，Bi 0.85﹪，V0.55﹪，Ti 0.35﹪，Al 0.25﹪，In 0.065﹪，Ga 0.085﹪，W 0.045﹪，Nb 0.045﹪，余量为Cu，将铜合金熔化，保温20分钟，之后模具预热；进行铸造，形成轮辐粗坯，铸造后在520-530℃，保温1小时，冷却之后加工出中心孔和安装孔，之后将工件加热至790-800℃保温15分钟之后淬火，将工件重新加热至420-430℃，保温2小时，
镍合金轮辋元素质量百分比组成为：Mn 4.5﹪，Co 3.5﹪，Nb 1.5﹪，Mo 0.75﹪，Mg0.45﹪，Si 0.35﹪，Zr 0.25﹪，Bi 0.075﹪，Cd 0.055﹪，C 0.045﹪，Ti 0.025﹪，余量为Ni，镍合金轮辋所需镍合金进行备料，将镍合金料坯加热至1100-1110℃在600吨的锻压机下锻造；之后温度控制在980-990℃保温15分钟后进行挤压，之后在790-800℃，保温2小时，放入扩口压力机上进行扩口，之后在旋压机上进行旋压加工，第一道次旋压温度保持在950-960℃；主轴转速达2.5转／s，进给比0.7mm/r，第二道次旋压温度保持在900-910℃；主轴转速达1.9转／s，进给比0.9mm/r，第三道次旋压温度保持在830-840℃；主轴转速达1.4转／s，进给比1.2mm/r，之后对轮辋表面预处理后在电镀镍液中进行电镀镍，电镀镍工艺：控制温度为30℃，电流密度为3A/dm2，电镀时间为90min，电镀镍液组成为：溶剂为水，硫酸镍25g/L、硝酸镍15g/L、氯化镍10.5g/L、硫酸铵3g/L、醋酸铵8g/L、氢氧化钾10g/L、硫酸铝5g/L、柠檬酸钾3g/L，之后在35℃的热水中，漂洗40s，之后在放入加热炉中热处理，温度控制在45℃，保温时间8min，之后升高温度至50℃热处理12min，辐条的外端可拆卸的连接轮辋外侧端面可拆卸可以是螺钉式的。
2.如权利要求2所述的一种轿车轮毂，辐条的外端可拆卸的连接轮辋外侧端面可拆卸可以是螺钉式的。
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