CN107525672B - One kind being based on the improved SKRgram method of Geordie index - Google Patents
One kind being based on the improved SKRgram method of Geordie index Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/021—Gearings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/028—Acoustic or vibration analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
- G01M13/045—Acoustic or vibration analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2218/00—Aspects of pattern recognition specially adapted for signal processing
- G06F2218/02—Preprocessing
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Abstract
One kind being based on the improved SKRgram method of Geordie index, acquire the normal vibration signal of epicyclic gearbox and the vibration signal with planet wheel bearing failure respectively first, then kurtosis index is replaced to improve original Kurtogram using Geordie index, it is respectively applied to normal and fault-signal to obtain respective narrowband figure in improved Kurtogram again, then the matrix of each narrowband index value composition is obtained according to narrowband figure, the matrix that normal signal is obtained is as benchmark, obtain new matrix composed by the ratio of the matrix that fault-signal obtains and the matrix that normal signal obtains, utilize the new narrowband figure of the new matrix construction, then according to the narrowband, optimal fault characteristic band is can be obtained in figure；Using Geordie index as sparse judgement, be avoided that is influenced by random large impact to final result bring the present invention, directly selects optimal frequency band from last narrowband figure, without to shining the corresponding narrowband figure of fault-signal, more suitable for on-line monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical fault diagnosis technical fields, in particular to a kind of to be based on Geordie index (Gini
Index) improved SKRgram method.
Background technique
Rolling bearing has been widely used in various rotating machineries as the most key components.Its failure
Failure is to cause mechanical equipment to be shut down the most important reason of accident even occurs.Therefore, how accurate predicted roll bearing fault
Have become mechanical fault diagnosis field one of topic the most popular.Vibration analysis is that mechanical fault diagnosis is most at this stage
For one of effective approach, the state deterioration of mechanical equipment often shows as the variation or exception of vibration information.Currently based on vibration
The signal processing method of dynamic information, such as there are also time-frequency domain method for time domain method, frequency domain method, these have all been successfully applied to rolling bearing
In fault diagnosis, and produce good effect.Although the failure that many methods have been successfully applied to rolling bearing at present is examined
It is disconnected, however be always the problem studied for the planet wheel bearing fault diagnosis in epicyclic gearbox.It is primarily present following
Difficult point: firstly, in epicyclic gearbox, the mesh vibration of gear, which will inevitably become, extracts faint planet wheel bearing failure
The main interference of information.Because there is also periodicity and impact for gear mesh vibration, and energy is big, causes much to be directed to
The method of dead axle bearing failure diagnosis fails herein.Secondly as planetary bearing it is whole also can with the rotation of planetary gear and around
Sun gear revolution, so, planetary bearing fault-signal can be modulated by revolving speed, and then increase the difficulty of spectrum analysis.Based on
Upper reason, many scholars hang back when facing planet wheel bearing failure.
Wang in 2016 et al. proposes SKRgram technology, and successfully diagnoses planet wheel bearing failure.This method first will
Normal epicyclic gearbox vibration signal is applied to Kurtogram and obtains one group of SK matrix, is expressed as SKbaseline.Then it will have
The epicyclic gearbox vibration signal of planet wheel bearing failure is applied to Kurtogram and obtains one group of new SK matrix, is denoted as
SKmeasured.Secondly formula S KR=SK is usedmeasured/SKbaselineOne group of new matrix is obtained, the narrowband Kurtogram figure is utilized
Building method, SKR SKRgram in a manner of narrowband figure is indicated.It is corresponding according to the protrusion band position in SKRgram
To fault-signal Kurtogram narrowband figure and then determine last frequency band.However, this method is still based on kurtosis index
Based on Kurtogram, therefore this method can not overcome in fault-signal random shock to interfere to influence to final result bring.
Be not suitable in addition, this method final step also needs to compare the narrowband fault-signal Kurtogram figure so that this method is cumbersome
Line monitoring.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages of the above prior art, it is improved based on Geordie index that the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind
SKRgram method had both overcome conventional method to the sensitivity of random large impact, and had also simplified step.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
One kind being based on the improved SKRgram method of Geordie index, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: vibration acceleration sensor being adsorbed on the shell of tested epicyclic gearbox planetary gear attachment, point
It does not acquire normally with the signal that has planetary bearing failure, and high frequency sampling is carried out to the signal that measures, is truncated and goes at mean value
Reason remembers that normal vibration signal is xnormal, vibration signal of the note with planetary bearing failure is xfault；
Step 2: kurtosis index is replaced to be applied in Kurtogram using Geordie index, such method is denoted as
Ginigram, wherein the representation formula of Geordie index such as (1) is shown；
Wherein, x is input signal, and N is signal sampling length,For matrix expression, input is indicated
All elements in signal are according to tactic matrix from small to large；
Step 3: by normal signal xnormalApplied to Ginigram, obtain corresponding by frequency band each in the narrowband Ginigram figure
Time-domain signal Geordie index composition matrix, be denoted as GInormal；
Step 4: the vibration signal x of planetary bearing failure will be hadfaultApplied to Ginigram, obtain by Ginigram
The matrix of the corresponding time-domain signal Geordie index composition of each frequency band, is denoted as GI in narrowband figurefault；
Step 5: utilizing formula (2), obtain new matrix GIR, will using the building method of the narrowband Kurtogram figure
GIR GIRgram in a manner of narrowband figure is indicated；
GIR=GIfault/GInormal (2)
Step 6: the corresponding frequency band in most apparent part in GIRgram is selected then to be believed according to frequency band as optimal frequency band
Breath carries out Analysis on Fault Diagnosis using filtering and spectral analysis method.
The present invention compared with the prior art, has the advantages that
A) present invention is avoided that using Geordie index as sparse judgement and gives final result bring shadow by random large impact
It rings.
B) present invention directly selects optimal frequency band from last narrowband figure, without to shining the corresponding narrowband of fault-signal
Figure, method have preferable robustness.
C) present invention, which is got rid of, preferably limits to the corresponding narrowband figure progress frequency band of artificial control fault-signal, is suitable for
Online health monitoring.
D) Geordie index is applied to improve Kurtogram technology for the first time by the present invention, provides think of for the improvement of this method
Road.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is embodiment epicyclic gearbox testing stand.
Fig. 2 is the method for the present invention flow chart.
Fig. 3 is the collected normal vibration signal x of embodimentnormal。
Fig. 4 is the collected fault vibration signal x of embodimentfault。
Fig. 5 is embodiment signal xnormalThe narrowband figure obtained applied to Ginigram.
Fig. 6 is embodiment signal xfaultThe narrowband figure obtained applied to Ginigram.
Fig. 7 is the narrowband figure GIRgram that embodiment is constructed according to GIR.
Fig. 8 is the filtering signal that embodiment is obtained according to the optimal frequency band of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is the envelope spectrum of filtering signal in implementation example figure 8.
Figure 10 is the filtering signal that conventional method SKRgram is obtained.
Figure 11 is the envelope spectrum of filtering signal in Figure 10.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
By taking epicyclic gearbox testing stand as an example, the testing stand is by motor 1, two-stage planetary gear roller box 2 and two-stage fixing axle
The part such as gear-box 3, brake 4 and rotational speed governor 5 forms, as shown in Figure 1.Vibrating sensor is installed on two-stage planetary gear
Roller box is on the shell near first order planetary gear position.When using normal components and prefabricated testing stand planet
Vibration signal is acquired respectively when housing washer failure in wheel.
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of be based on the improved SKRgram method of Geordie index, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: vibration acceleration sensor being adsorbed on the shell of tested epicyclic gearbox planetary gear attachment, point
It does not acquire normally with the signal that has planetary bearing failure, and high frequency sampling is carried out to the signal that measures, is truncated and goes at mean value
Reason remembers that normal vibration signal is xnormal, as shown in figure 3, vibration signal of the note with planetary bearing failure is xfault, such as Fig. 4
It is shown；
Step 2: kurtosis index is replaced to be applied in Kurtogram using Geordie index, such method is denoted as
Ginigram, wherein the representation formula of Geordie index such as (1) is shown；
Wherein, x is input signal, and N is signal sampling length,For matrix expression, input is indicated
All elements in signal are according to tactic matrix from small to large；
Step 3: by normal signal xnormalApplied to Ginigram, as shown in figure 5, obtaining by the narrowband Ginigram figure
The matrix of the corresponding time-domain signal Geordie index composition of each frequency band, is denoted as GInormal；
Step 4: the vibration signal x of planetary bearing failure will be hadfaultApplied to Ginigram, as shown in fig. 6, obtaining
The matrix being made of the corresponding time-domain signal Geordie index of frequency band each in the narrowband Ginigram figure, is denoted as GIfault；
Step 5: utilizing formula (2), obtain new matrix GIR, will using the building method of the narrowband Kurtogram figure
GIR GIRgram in a manner of narrowband figure is indicated, as shown in Figure 7；
GIR=GIfault/GInormal (2)
Step 6: select in Fig. 7 that as optimal frequency band, i.e. centre frequency is the corresponding frequency band in most apparent part
8984.347Hz, bandwidth are that the frequency band of 156.25Hz obtains filtered signal using filtering processing then according to band information
As shown in figure 8, then carrying out envelope spectrum analysis to filtered signal obtains result as shown in Figure 9.
Equally it is applied in traditional SKRgram using this two groups of signals, preferred by frequency band, the signal filtered is such as
Shown in Figure 10.The filtering signal periodic shock that present invention processing obtains in Fig. 8 is fairly obvious, however conventional method obtains in Figure 10
The filtering signal arrived is then occupied by big separate impact, it is clear that the present invention overcomes conventional method is quick for big random shock
The shortcomings that sense.In addition two methods of the envelope spectrum for the filtering signal that comparison obtain, the envelope spectrum discovery that the present invention obtains are apparent
Fault characteristic frequency and its frequency multiplication, signal-to-noise ratio are very high；However the envelope spectrum that conventional method obtains is as shown in figure 11, signal-to-noise ratio is very
It is low, it is also difficult to find the fault characteristic frequency of planet wheel bearing.Thus it is bright in contrast to conventional method advantage the present invention has also been confirmed
It is aobvious.
And the present invention, independent of the optimal frequency band of artificial screening, intelligence degree is high, is more applicable in practice in engineering.
Claims (1)
1. one kind is based on the improved SKRgram method of Geordie index, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: vibration acceleration sensor is adsorbed on the shell of tested epicyclic gearbox planetary gear attachment, is adopted respectively
Collection normally with the signal that has planetary bearing failure, and carries out high frequency sampling to the signal that measures, is truncated and goes average value processing, remembers
Normal vibration signal is xnormal, vibration signal of the note with planetary bearing failure is xfault；
Step 2: replacing kurtosis index to be applied in Kurtogram using Geordie index, and such method is denoted as Ginigram,
Wherein the representation formula of Geordie index such as (1) is shown；
Wherein, x is input signal, and N is signal sampling length,For matrix expression, indicate in input signal
All elements according to tactic matrix from small to large；
Step 3: by normal signal xnormalApplied to Ginigram, when obtaining corresponding by frequency band each in the narrowband Ginigram figure
The matrix of domain signal Geordie index composition, is denoted as GInormal；
Step 4: the vibration signal x of planetary bearing failure will be hadfaultApplied to Ginigram, obtain by the narrowband Ginigram
The matrix of the corresponding time-domain signal Geordie index composition of each frequency band, is denoted as GI in figurefault；
Step 5: utilizing formula (2), obtain new matrix GIR, using the building method of the narrowband Kurtogram figure, by GIR with
The mode GIRgram of narrowband figure is indicated；
GIR=GIfault/GInormal (2)
Step 6: selecting in GIRgram the corresponding frequency band in most apparent part as optimal frequency band, then according to band information,
Analysis on Fault Diagnosis is carried out using filtering and spectral analysis method.
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| CN110595751B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-12-18 | 华东理工大学 | Early fault characteristic wavelet reconstruction method guided by Gini index and application thereof |
| CN111413095A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-14 | 西安电子科技大学 | Instantaneous angular velocity-based distributed fault diagnosis and analysis method for planetary bearing |
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| CN102507186A (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2012-06-20 | 西安交通大学 | Characteristic parameter-based method for condition monitoring and fault identification of planetary gearbox |
| CN102866010A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-09 | 苏州大学 | Method for filtering spectral kurtosis of signal and relevant device |
| DE102011121789A1 (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-27 | Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for determination of damaged part in gear box, involves operating driving shaft of gear box at rotation speed, supplying sensor signal to evaluation unit, and determining value for kurtosis from sensor signal |
| CN103575523A (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2014-02-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Rotating machine fault diagnosis method based on Fast ICA-spectrum kurtosis-envelope spectrum analysis |
| CN106248356A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-21 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of rotary machinery fault diagnosis method based on kurtosis index |
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- 2017-08-18 CN CN201710710340.7A patent/CN107525672B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
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| CN102507186A (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2012-06-20 | 西安交通大学 | Characteristic parameter-based method for condition monitoring and fault identification of planetary gearbox |
| DE102011121789A1 (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-27 | Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for determination of damaged part in gear box, involves operating driving shaft of gear box at rotation speed, supplying sensor signal to evaluation unit, and determining value for kurtosis from sensor signal |
| CN102866010A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-09 | 苏州大学 | Method for filtering spectral kurtosis of signal and relevant device |
| CN103575523A (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2014-02-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Rotating machine fault diagnosis method based on Fast ICA-spectrum kurtosis-envelope spectrum analysis |
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