CN107524261B - Construction method of roof steel net rack - Google Patents
Construction method of roof steel net rack Download PDFInfo
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- CN107524261B CN107524261B CN201710825531.8A CN201710825531A CN107524261B CN 107524261 B CN107524261 B CN 107524261B CN 201710825531 A CN201710825531 A CN 201710825531A CN 107524261 B CN107524261 B CN 107524261B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C3/11—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with non-parallel upper and lower edges, e.g. roof trusses
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/58—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a roof steel net rack, which comprises the following steps: a1, arranging a crane scaffold operation platform along the circumference of the oval plane of the roof steel net rack and inside the oval plane; a2, splicing the roof steel net rack into sections, namely splicing every 1 roof steel net rack section from the south and the north of the stadium to the center symmetrically, and splicing every 1 roof steel net rack into 5 sections which are respectively a first section, a second section, a third section, a fourth section and a fifth section; a3, symmetrically splicing the segments of each roof truss segmented and assembled in the step A2 from east to west to the middle to form a roof truss; a4, repeating the steps A2 and A3 until a middle steel net rack is left, stopping the sectional splicing and hoisting method, and adopting a high-altitude scattered splicing construction method at a middle folding section; after the assembly of the closure segment is finished, the installation and construction of the whole steel net rack are finished; the invention combines high-altitude splicing and sectional hoisting, so that the invention has the advantages of high safety, small construction occupied area, short construction period and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction method in the field of buildings, in particular to assembly construction of a large-span steel structure net rack, and particularly relates to a construction method of a roof steel net rack.
Background
The steel structure net rack sectional hoisting and high-altitude bulk process is mature in China, but both the two methods have certain defects, the net rack sectional hoisting is to assemble the net rack on the ground layer according to the radian model after the roof is finished, namely, on the ground layer, steel pipe temporary supports are arranged one by one according to the inclined planes of welding lower chord welding ball joints of the net rack on the roof, the welding lower chord welding balls of the net rack are supported, the lower bolt ball joints are positioned on the designed radian, the formed cambered surface is the same as the net rack cambered surface after the roof is finished, and after the assembly connection construction of the steel net rack on the ground, the steel net rack on the roof is lifted and installed in place synchronously by the supports. The method has the defects that the whole atrium field is occupied, the influence time period is longer, and a steel pipe scaffold supporting platform is erected; the top of the platform is fully paved with the template, the top is provided with the protective railing, a large amount of steel pipes and wood are input, and the cost is high; the high-altitude bulk technique is to splice the rod pieces directly at high altitude, and the method has the defects of large number of rod pieces, complex splicing, easy splicing error, higher high-altitude bulk construction difficulty, low construction speed and long construction period. The splicing operation is carried out at the high position of workers, the construction time is long, and great potential safety hazards exist.
Therefore, aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a construction method of a roof steel net rack, which aims to solve the defects of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a roof steel truss construction method, which has the advantages of small occupied area of a field, low comprehensive manufacturing cost, high safety and high comprehensive construction speed in the construction process, and in order to realize the aim, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a construction method of a roof steel net rack is characterized in that the steel net rack is formed by splicing a plurality of steel net racks with different lengths to form a structure with an oval plane, and each steel net rack is formed by splicing a plurality of quadrangular pyramid units consisting of upper chords, lower chords and web members; each member of the upper chord member, the lower chord member and the web members is connected through a bolt ball, the bolt ball is divided into an upper bolt ball and a lower bolt ball, the upper bolt ball is connected with the web members and the upper chord member, and the lower bolt ball is connected with the web members and the lower chord member;
the steel truss construction method comprises the following steps:
a1, cranes are arranged along the circumference of the oval plane of the roof steel net rack and inside the oval plane, two scaffold operation platforms with the width of 10 meters are erected from the east-west atrium boundary line to the middle, and an operation ladder and a stand are erected; wherein 2 cranes are arranged in the atrium, and are respectively a first atrium crane and a second atrium crane; 4 cranes are arranged on the periphery, namely a first crane, a second crane, a third crane and a fourth crane; 2 cranes are used for hoisting, namely, one crane is used for hoisting inside and the other crane is used for hoisting outside; the cranes are evenly and symmetrically distributed in the north and south directions of the steel net rack;
a2, splicing the roof steel net rack into sections, namely splicing 1 roof steel net rack section from the south and north of the stadium to the center, splicing 1 roof steel net rack section into 5 sections which are respectively a first section, a second section, a third section, a fourth section and a fifth section, wherein a temporary support rod is needed in the splicing process of each section; the lengths of the first section and the fifth section are variable values, namely, the first section and the fifth section are spliced into sections with different lengths according to the length requirement of the roof steel truss;
in the step, the total weight of one steel net rack with the maximum span in the middle is about 11.033t, one steel net rack is spliced in sections and is divided into 5 sections for splicing, and the plane of the net rack is oval, so that the span of two ends is small, the middle span is large, and the lengths of the 1 st section and the 5 th section are variable values. Erecting 10m wide scaffold operation platforms on two sides of an atrium respectively, and reserving a 15m wide crane operation surface in the middle of the atrium; the length of the segment division is to ensure that the segment connection position is positioned on the scaffold operation platform, so that the splicing is convenient; each roof truss is assembled in sections from the south to the north, and the requirement of each roof truss is that each roof truss assembled in sections is firstly hoisted and assembled and then the second roof truss is assembled in sections, so that assembled parts are prevented from occupying too much field, and the hoisting method of the north side of the steel truss is consistent with that of the south side;
a3, symmetrically splicing a first section, a second section, a third section, a fourth section and a fifth section of each steel frame which are segmented and assembled in the step A2 to the middle from east and west directions to form a steel frame; one crane is arranged at the periphery of a building, the other crane is arranged in an atrium, and the two cranes carry out hoisting; the peripheral crane is used for hoisting the end sections in place and hoisting the sections to a stand, and then hoisting the middle 3 sections by the atrium crane; the peripheral crane is used for hoisting the end sections into place and hoisting the sections to a stand, and then the hoisting of the middle 3 sections is carried out by the atrium crane.
According to the characteristics of the large-span net rack of the bolt ball in the project, the sectional splicing hoisting is adopted, and the construction from the south to the north is carried out simultaneously to approach the middle; the atrium uses the scaffold as a temporary operation platform, and adopts an installation scheme of high-altitude bulk splicing at the place where the middle closure segment crane can not extend out of the big arm; and two truck cranes are used for hoisting in the subsection hoisting, and joints among the sections are arranged on the scaffold operation platform.
A4, repeating the steps A2 and A3 until a middle steel net rack is left, stopping the method of sectional splicing and sectional hoisting, and adopting a high-altitude scattered splicing construction method at a middle folding section; assembling from west to east in the installation sequence, hoisting by using a tower crane, and completing the installation and construction of the whole steel truss after the installation of the closure section is completed;
preferably, the specific method for splicing the segments of each roof truss in the step A3 symmetrically from east to west to middle is as follows:
a south side hoisting a first segment end segment by a first peripheral crane and fixing the first segment end segment in place;
b, hoisting the second section to the stand by a first peripheral crane, hoisting the second section on the stand to the scaffold operation platform by a first atrium crane, and positioning and fixing;
c, lifting the third section to the stand by a first peripheral crane, lifting the third section on the stand to the scaffold operation platform by a first atrium crane, and fixing in place;
d, hoisting the end segment of the fifth segment by a second peripheral crane, and fixing in place;
e, hoisting the fourth section to the stand by a second peripheral crane, hoisting the fourth section on the stand to the scaffold operation platform by a second atrium crane, and positioning and fixing; and finally, fixing the joint of the third section and the fourth section in place to form construction of a steel net rack.
Preferably, the method for assembling each of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth segments on the ground is as follows:
b1, firstly assembling the lower chords (9) on the ground, namely, firstly, assembling 7 lower chords (9) and lower bolt balls to form a sun, then assembling the web members (8), and connecting 2 web members (8) with the upper bolt balls and the lower bolt balls by using temporary support rods (14);
b2, continuously assembling 2 web members, enabling the two web members and the two web members g installed in the b1 to share an upper bolt ball and be connected with a lower bolt ball, enabling 4 web members and a half of the Chinese character 'ri' to form a regular quadrangular pyramid, and then installing an upper chord member at the apex angle of the quadrangular pyramid to enable one end of the upper chord member to be connected with the upper bolt ball;
b3, continuing to assemble the web members, so that the other end of the upper chord in the step b2 is connected with the new 2 web members, and meanwhile, the web members are connected with the middle end points of the Chinese character 'ri' formed by the lower chords;
b4, continuously installing 2 web members to form another square pyramid together with the other half of the Chinese character 'ri' formed by the two web members and the lower chord (9) in the step b 3; and then continuously assembling towards two sides, and repeating the steps to complete the assembling of the segments.
Preferably, the high-altitude scattered assembly construction method comprises the following steps: in order to avoid damaging the paint of the rod piece, a 5t sling is adopted, and the rod piece is fixed by a sleeving and knotting method and then is hoisted; before assembly, small hoisting units are spliced in grid splicing areas on the east and west sides according to the serial numbers of rod pieces and bolt balls in a drawing, and the small hoisting units are assembled and placed one by one according to the rod piece hoisting sequence; the small assembly units are divided into upper chord small assembly units, lower chord small assembly units and edge small assembly units, and the small assembly units are respectively centered on the upper chord bolt ball and the lower chord bolt ball and are connected with the two upper chord main rods, the lower chord main rods and the two web members; firm in connection when the ground equipment, strict inspection before hoist and mount prevents to produce because of connecting insecurely not hard up, falls when avoiding hoist and mount and injures people's accident.
Preferably, the high-altitude scattered assembly construction method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, assembling small assembling units at the edge of the support at the end part of the net rack. Firstly installing a first lower chord from the west surface support, simultaneously installing two web members and upper bolt balls which are connected with the first lower chord, and connecting the web members and the upper bolt balls with the completed part of the upper bolt balls to form a stable whole, namely a small splicing unit at the edge of the support at the end part of the net rack;
s2, after the small upper chord inverted four-corner unit grids, namely the small upper chord splicing units at the edge of the net rack end part support of the small upper chord splicing units are installed, continuously installing the small upper chord inverted four-corner splicing unit grids, namely the small upper chord splicing units; installing a reverse quadrangle unit from the end part of the support, hanging an upper chord bolt ball four-rod small unit, namely a small splicing unit consisting of an upper bolt ball, two upper chords and two web diagonal rods, to a connection point, respectively screwing the ends of the two web rods on the two lower chord bolt balls by an operator, and respectively screwing the two upper chords on the two upper bolt balls;
s3, mounting the lower chord regular four-corner small unit grids, namely after the lower chord small splicing unit and the upper chord small splicing unit are mounted, continuously mounting the lower chord inverted four-corner small splicing unit grids; hanging a small splicing unit consisting of a lower bolt ball, two lower chords and two web diagonal rods, namely a small unit with four rods of a lower chord bolt ball, to a connection point, screwing the ends of the two web rods on the two upper chord bolt balls respectively by an operator, and screwing the two lower chords on the two lower bolt balls respectively; and (5) repeating the steps s2 and s3 until the last steel truss is assembled.
Preferably, the steel mesh frame has an oval plane size of 81 × 68.4m.
Preferably, a plurality of bolt holes are uniformly and symmetrically distributed on the surface of the bolt ball and are used for being connected with the web member or the upper chord member and the lower chord member.
Preferably, the bolt ball is connected with the upper chord member, the lower chord member and the web member to form a bolt ball joint net frame,
the bolt ball node net rack consists of a bolt ball, a rod piece, a sleeve, a high-strength bolt and a jackscrew; the member, namely the upper chord member, the lower chord member or the web member, comprises a conical head, the high-strength bolt connects the bolt ball, the sleeve and the member into a whole from the inside, and the high-strength bolt is correspondingly screwed into the bolt hole. After the steel truss high-strength bolt is fastened, the small positioning bolt on the sleeve is screwed and locked.
Preferably, the sleeve is provided with two sliding grooves in radial symmetry for accommodating the jackscrew.
In the step, whether the high-strength bolt is screwed in place or not is judged that the high-strength bolt is fastened in place when no gap is formed on the contact surface between the nut and the spherical surface and the spanner cannot rotate continuously after the surface is fastened; if the force is still continuously applied after the fastening, the jackscrew is easy to break; thereby causing a false tightening phenomenon. After the bolt ball node net rack is assembled, false screwing of individual nodes is possibly caused by the factors of too tight thread fit, shearing of jackscrews, human factors and the like, a quality worker well makes side stations on site, and the installation quality is ensured.
In the invention, the roof design adopts a bolt ball net rack, the effective coverage area of the net rack is 4350 square meters, the height of the steel net rack is 4 meters, the total weight is 220.02 tons, and the installation height is 18.90 meters. The steel net rack is 81 × 68.4 meters in length and breadth span, and belongs to the assembly construction of the large-span steel structure net rack.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention comprehensively considers the manufacturing cost, the construction period, the construction safety, the convenient installation and operation and the combination of the field reality, eliminates the integral hoisting method and the integral lifting method, and decides to adopt the combined assembly method combining the sectional hoisting method and the local high-altitude bulk method; the overhead working time is reduced, the cost of auxiliary materials is reduced, and the construction period is saved.
2. According to the scheme, two scaffold operation platforms with the width of 10 meters are erected from east and west zhongting side lines to the middle below a steel truss mounting point and are used for hoisting from south and north sides to middle sections, and the folding sections are assembled by adopting a high-altitude scattered assembly method for overcoming the defect that a large arm of a crane has no moving space; therefore, the combined construction method gives full play to the advantages of the two construction methods, successfully overcomes the adverse conditions of high construction cost, long overhead operation time, crane movement limitation and the like, and has the advantages of low overall construction safety risk, small occupied area of a field, quick construction progress and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view and a sectional view of a steel truss roof according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the steel lattice frame of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the assembly of steel truss segments according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the sectional hoisting of the steel truss according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly of the bolt ball joints on the steel net frame of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the connection between the steel net frame rod and the bolt ball joint according to the present invention;
in the attached drawings, 1-a first section, 2-a second section, 3-a third section, 4-a fourth section, 5-a fifth section, 6-an upper bolt ball, 7-a lower bolt ball, 8-a web member, 9-a lower chord, 10-an upper chord, 11-a first peripheral crane, 12-a scaffold operation platform, 13-a first atrium crane, 14-a temporary support rod, 15-a high-strength bolt, 16-a rod piece, 17-a jackscrew and 18-a sleeve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples of preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
Embodiment 1 is as shown in fig. 1, a construction method of a roof steel net rack, which is characterized in that the steel net rack is formed by splicing a plurality of steel net racks with different lengths to form a structure with an oval plane, and each steel net rack is formed by splicing a plurality of quadrangular pyramid units consisting of an upper chord 10, a lower chord 9 and web members 8; each member 16 of the upper chord 10, the lower chord 9 and the web members 8 is connected through a bolt ball, the bolt ball is divided into an upper bolt ball 7 and a lower bolt ball 7, the upper bolt ball 6 is connected with the web members 8 and the upper chord 10, and the lower bolt ball 7 is connected with the web members 8 and the lower chord 9 by 20;
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the steel truss construction method includes the steps of:
a1, arranging cranes along the circumference of an oval plane of the roof steel net rack and inside the roof steel net rack, erecting two scaffold operation platforms 12 with the width of 10 meters from east and west atrium side lines to the middle, and erecting operation ladders and stands; wherein 2 cranes are arranged in the atrium, namely a first atrium crane and a second atrium crane; 4 peripheral cranes are arranged on the periphery, namely a first peripheral crane, a second peripheral crane, a third peripheral crane and a fourth peripheral crane; 2 cranes are used for hoisting, namely, one crane is used for hoisting inside and outside; the cranes are evenly and symmetrically distributed in the north and south directions of the steel net rack;
a2, splicing the roof steel net rack in sections, namely splicing 1 roof steel net rack in sections from the south and north of a stadium to the center, splicing 1 roof steel net rack into 5 sections, namely a first section 1, a second section 2, a third section 3, a fourth section 4 and a fifth section 5, wherein a temporary support rod 14 is needed in the splicing process of each section 30; the lengths of the first segment 1 and the fifth segment 5 are variable values, namely, the first segment and the fifth segment are spliced into segments with different lengths according to the length requirement of the roof steel truss;
the total weight of one steel net rack with the largest span in the middle of the steel net rack is about 11.033t, one steel net rack is spliced in sections and is divided into 5 sections for splicing, because the plane of the net rack is oval, the span at two ends is small, the middle span is large, and the lengths of the 1 st section and the 5 th section are variable values. Erecting 10m wide operation platforms on two sides of the atrium respectively, and reserving a 15m wide crane operation surface in the middle of the atrium; the length of the segment division is to ensure that the segment connection position is positioned on the operation platform, so that the splicing is convenient;
each roof truss is required to be segmented and assembled symmetrically from the south and the north to the center, namely each roof truss is firstly assembled and then segmented and assembled into a second roof truss, so that assembled parts are prevented from occupying too many fields, and the method for hoisting the north surface of the steel truss is consistent with that for hoisting the south surface of the steel truss;
a3, splicing a first section 1, a second section 2, a third section 3, a fourth section 4 and a fifth section 5 of each roof assembled in a segmented manner in the step A2 from east to west symmetrically to the middle to form a roof truss; one crane is arranged at the periphery of a building, the other crane is arranged in an atrium, and the two cranes carry out hoisting; the peripheral crane is used for hoisting the end sections in place and hoisting the sections to a stand, and then hoisting the middle 3 sections by the atrium crane; the peripheral crane is used for hoisting the end sections into place and hoisting the sections to a stand, and then the hoisting of the middle 3 sections is carried out by the atrium crane.
According to the characteristics of the large-span net rack of the bolt ball in the project, the sectional splicing hoisting is adopted, and the construction from the south to the north is carried out simultaneously to approach the middle; the atrium uses the scaffold as a temporary operation platform, and adopts an installation scheme of high-altitude bulk splicing at the place where the middle closure segment crane can not extend out of the big arm; two truck cranes are used for hoisting the sections, and the joints between the sections are arranged on the scaffold operation platform 12.
A4, repeating the steps A2 and A3 until a middle steel net rack is left, stopping the method of subsection splicing and subsection hoisting, and adopting a high-altitude scattered splicing construction method at a middle folding section; assembling the steel net frames from west to east, hoisting by using a tower crane, and completing the installation construction of the whole steel net frame after the closure section is installed;
as shown in fig. 4, preferably, the specific method for splicing the segments of each roof truss in the step A3 symmetrically from east to west to middle is as follows:
a south side hoisting the first segment 1 end segment by a first peripheral crane 11 and fixing the first segment 1 end segment in place;
b, lifting the second section 2 to the stand by a first peripheral crane 11, lifting the second section 2 on the stand to a scaffold operation platform 12 by a first atrium crane 13, and fixing in place;
c, lifting the third section 3 to a stand by a first peripheral crane 11, lifting the third section 3 on the stand to a scaffold operation platform 12 by a first atrium crane 13, and fixing in place;
d, hoisting the end segment of the fifth segment 5 by a second peripheral crane, and fixing in place;
e, hoisting the fourth section 4 to the stand by a second peripheral crane, hoisting the fourth section 4 on the stand to the scaffold operation platform 12 by a second atrium crane, and fixing in place; and finally, fixing the joint of the third section 3 and the fourth section 4 in place to form a steel net frame.
As shown in fig. 3, the assembly method of each of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth segments 5 on the ground is:
b1, firstly, assembling the lower chords 9 on the ground, namely, firstly, assembling the lower chords 9 and the lower bolt balls 7 into a sun by using 7 lower chords 9, then, assembling the web members 8, and connecting 2 web members 8 with the upper bolt balls 6 and the lower bolt balls 7 by using the temporary support rods 14;
b2, continuously assembling 2 web members 8, enabling the two web members 8 and the two web members 8 installed in b1 to share an upper bolt ball 6 and be connected with a lower bolt ball 7, enabling the 4 web members 8 and the half of the Chinese character 'ri' to form a regular quadrangular pyramid, and then installing an upper chord 10 at the apex angle of the quadrangular pyramid to enable one end of the upper chord 10 to be connected with the upper bolt ball 6;
b3, continuing to assemble the web members 8, so that the other ends of the upper chords 10 in the step b2 are connected with the new 2 web members 8, and meanwhile, the web members 8 are connected with the middle end points of the Chinese character 'ri' formed by the lower chords 9;
b4, continuing to install 2 web members 8 to form another square pyramid with the other half of the "Chinese character ri" formed by the two web members 8 and the lower chord member 9 in the step b 3; and then continuously assembling towards two sides, and repeating the steps to complete the assembling of the segments.
Preferably, the high-altitude scattered assembly construction method comprises the following steps: in order to avoid damaging the paint of the rod piece 16, a 5t sling is adopted, and hoisting is carried out after the fixation by a sleeving and knotting method; before assembly, small hoisting units are spliced in grid splicing areas at east and west sides according to the serial numbers of rod pieces 16 and bolt balls in a drawing, and the small hoisting units are arranged one by one according to the hoisting sequence of the rod pieces 16; the small assembly units are divided into upper chord 10 small assembly units, lower chord 9 small assembly units and edge small assembly units, and the small assembly units are respectively connected with two upper and lower chord main rods and two web members 8 by taking upper and lower chord bolt balls as centers; firm in connection when the ground equipment, strict inspection before hoist and mount prevents to produce because of connecting insecurely not hard up, falls when avoiding hoist and mount and injures people's accident.
Preferably, the high-altitude scattered assembly construction method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, firstly, assembling small edge assembling units at supports at the end parts of the net racks;
firstly installing a first lower chord 9 from a western support, simultaneously installing two web members 8 and upper bolt balls 6 connected with the first lower chord 9, and connecting the web members and the upper bolt balls 6 with the completed part of the upper bolt balls 6 to form a stable whole, namely a small splicing unit at the edge of the support at the end part of the net rack;
s2, mounting small unit grids of upper chords and inverted four corners, namely small splicing units of the upper chord 10; after the small splicing units at the edge of the support at the end part of the net rack are installed, continuously installing a small splicing unit grid of the upper chord 10 with the inverted four corners, namely the small splicing units of the upper chord 10; the method comprises the following steps that (1) inverted four-corner units are installed from the end part of a support, a small assembly unit consisting of an upper bolt ball 6, two upper chords 10 and two web diagonal members, namely an upper bolt ball four-rod small unit, is hung to a connection point, an operator respectively screws the ends of the two web members 8 into the two lower bolt balls, and the two upper chords 10 are respectively screwed into the two upper bolt balls 6;
s3, mounting a grid of small units at the four corners of the lower chord, namely small splicing units of the lower chord 9;
after the small splicing units of the upper chord 10 are installed, continuously installing grids of the small splicing units of the lower chord 9 with the inverted four corners; hanging a small splicing unit consisting of a lower bolt ball 7, two lower chords 9 and two web diagonal members, namely a small four-rod unit of the lower chord bolt ball, to a connection point, respectively screwing the ends of the two web members 8 into the two upper chord bolt balls by an operator, and respectively screwing the two lower chords 9 into the two lower bolt balls 7; and (5) repeating the steps s2 and s3 until the last steel truss assembly is completed.
Preferably, the oval planar dimension of the steel mesh frame is 81 × 68.4m.
Preferably, a plurality of bolt holes are uniformly and symmetrically distributed on the surface of the bolt ball and are used for being connected with the web member 8 or the upper chord member 9 and the lower chord member 9.
Preferably, the bolt ball is connected with the upper chord member 9, the lower chord member 9 and the web member 8 to form a bolt ball joint net frame, and the bolt ball joint net frame is composed of a bolt ball, a rod member 16, a sleeve 18, a high-strength bolt 15 and a jackscrew 17; the member 16, namely the upper chord 10, the lower chord 9 or the web member 8, comprises a conical head, a high-strength bolt 15 connects a bolt ball, a sleeve 18 and the member 16 into a whole from the inside, and the high-strength bolt 15 is correspondingly screwed into a bolt hole. After the steel frame high-strength bolt 15 is fastened, the small positioning bolt on the sleeve 18 should be screwed and locked.
Preferably, the sleeve 18 is provided with two sliding grooves in radial symmetry for accommodating the jackscrew 17.
In the step, whether the high-strength bolt 15 is screwed in place or not is judged, after the surface is fastened, no gap is formed on the contact surface between the nut and the spherical surface, and the spanner cannot rotate continuously, namely, the high-strength bolt is fastened in place; if the force is still continuously applied after the fastening, the jackscrew 17 is easy to break; thereby causing a false tightening phenomenon. After the bolt ball node net rack is assembled, false screwing of individual nodes due to the fact that the screw thread is matched too tightly, the jackscrew 17 is cut off, human factors and the like is possible, a quality worker can well make side stations on site, and installation quality is guaranteed.
In the invention, the roof design adopts a bolt ball net rack, the effective coverage area of the net rack is 4350 square meters, the design height of the steel net rack is 4 meters, the total weight is 220.02 tons, and the installation height is 18.90 meters. The vertical and horizontal span of the steel net rack is 81 x 68.4 meters, and the steel net rack belongs to the assembly construction of a large-span steel structure net rack.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A construction method of a roof steel net rack is characterized in that the steel net rack is of a structure with an oval plane formed by splicing a plurality of steel net racks with different lengths, and each steel net rack is formed by splicing a plurality of quadrangular pyramid units consisting of an upper chord member, a lower chord member and web members; each member of the upper chord member, the lower chord member and the web members is connected through a bolt ball, the bolt ball is divided into an upper bolt ball and a lower bolt ball, the upper bolt ball is connected with the web members and the upper chord member, and the lower bolt ball is connected with the web members and the lower chord member;
the steel truss construction method comprises the following steps:
a1, cranes are arranged along the circumference of the oval plane of the roof steel net rack and inside the oval plane, two scaffold operation platforms with the width of 10 meters are erected from the east court edge line and the west court edge line to the middle, and an operation ladder and a stand are erected; wherein 2 cranes are arranged in the atrium, namely a first atrium crane and a second atrium crane; 4 peripheral cranes are arranged on the periphery, namely a first peripheral crane, a second peripheral crane, a third peripheral crane and a fourth peripheral crane; 2 cranes are used for hoisting, namely, one crane is used for hoisting inside and outside; the cranes are evenly and symmetrically distributed in the north and south directions of the steel net frame;
a2, splicing the roof steel net rack into sections, namely splicing 1 roof steel net rack section from the south and north of the stadium to the center, splicing 1 roof steel net rack section into 5 sections, namely a first section (1), a second section (2), a third section (3), a fourth section (4) and a fifth section (5), wherein a temporary support rod (14) is needed in the splicing process of each section; the lengths of the first segment (1) and the fifth segment (5) are variable values, namely, the first segment and the fifth segment are spliced into different length segments according to the length requirement of the roof steel truss; each roof truss is assembled in sections from the south to the north, and the requirement of each roof truss is that each roof truss assembled in sections is firstly hoisted and assembled and then the second roof truss is assembled in sections, so that assembled parts are prevented from occupying too much field, and the hoisting method of the north side of the steel truss is consistent with that of the south side;
a3, splicing the first section (1), the second section (2), the third section (3), the fourth section (4) and the fifth section (5) of each roof, which are spliced in sections in the step A2, into a roof truss symmetrically from east to west; one crane is arranged at the periphery of a building, the other crane is arranged in an atrium, and the two cranes carry out hoisting; the peripheral crane is used for hoisting the end sections in place and hoisting the sections to a stand, and then hoisting the middle 3 sections by the atrium crane;
a4, repeating the steps A2 and A3 until a middle steel net rack is left, stopping the method of sectional splicing and sectional hoisting, and adopting a high-altitude scattered splicing construction method at a middle folding section; assembling the steel net frames from west to east, hoisting by using a tower crane, and completing the installation construction of the whole steel net frame after the closure section is installed;
the specific method for splicing the segments of each roof truss symmetrically towards the middle in the east and west directions in the step A3 comprises the following steps:
a, hoisting the end segment of the first segment (1) by a first peripheral crane on the south side and fixing the end segment of the first segment (1) in place;
b, hoisting the second section (2) to the stand by a first peripheral crane, hoisting the second section (2) on the stand to the scaffold operation platform by a first atrium crane, and fixing in place;
c, lifting the third section (3) to a stand by a first peripheral crane, lifting the third section (3) on the stand to a scaffold working platform by a first atrium crane, and fixing in place;
d, hoisting the end segment of the fifth segment (5) by a second peripheral crane, and fixing in place;
e, hoisting the fourth section (4) to the stand by a second peripheral crane, hoisting the fourth section (4) on the stand to the scaffold operation platform by a second atrium crane, and fixing in place; and finally, fixing the joint of the third section (3) and the fourth section (4) in place to form a steel net rack.
2. The construction method of the roofing steel grid frame according to claim 1, wherein the method for assembling each of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth sections on the ground is as follows:
b1, firstly, assembling the lower chords (9) on the ground, namely, firstly, assembling 7 lower chords (9) and the lower bolt balls (7) to form a sun, then, assembling the web members (8), and connecting 2 web members (8) with the upper bolt balls and the lower bolt balls by using temporary support rods (14);
b2, continuously assembling 2 web members, enabling the two web members and the 2 web members installed in the b1 to share an upper bolt ball (6) and be connected with a lower bolt ball (7), enabling 4 web members and a half of the Chinese character 'ri' to form a regular quadrangular pyramid, and then installing an upper chord member (10) at the apex angle of the quadrangular pyramid to enable one end of the upper chord member (10) to be connected with the upper bolt ball;
b3, continuing to assemble the web members (8) so that the other ends of the upper chord members (10) in the step b2 are connected with the new 2 web members (8), and meanwhile, the web members (8) are connected with the middle end points of the Chinese character 'ri' formed by the lower chord members (9);
b4, continuously installing 2 web members (8) to form another square pyramid together with the other half of the Chinese character 'ri' formed by the two web members (8) and the lower chord (9) in the step b 3; and continuously assembling towards two sides, and repeating the steps to complete the assembly of the segments.
3. The construction method of the roofing steel net rack according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-altitude splicing construction method comprises: in order to avoid damaging the paint of the rod piece, a 5t hanging strip is adopted, and the rod piece is fixed by a sleeving and knotting method and then is hoisted; before assembly, small hoisting units are spliced in grid splicing areas on the east and west sides according to the serial numbers of rod pieces and bolt balls in a drawing, and the small hoisting units are assembled and placed one by one according to the rod piece hoisting sequence; the small assembly units are divided into an upper chord small assembly unit, a lower chord small assembly unit and an edge small assembly unit, and the small assembly units are respectively connected with two upper and lower chord main rods and two web members by taking an upper chord bolt ball and a lower chord bolt ball as centers; firm in connection when the ground equipment, strict inspection before hoist and mount prevents to produce because of connecting jail not hard up, falls to hinder people's accident when avoiding hoist and mount, after the installation.
4. The construction method of the roofing steel net rack according to claim 3, characterized in that the high-altitude splicing construction method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, firstly, assembling small assembly units at the edge of a support at the end part of a net rack;
firstly installing a first lower chord, two web members connected with the first lower chord and upper bolt balls at the same time from the west surface support and connecting the web members and the upper bolt balls with the completed upper bolt balls to form a stable whole, namely a small splicing unit at the edge of the support at the end part of the net rack;
s2, mounting small unit grids of upper chords and inverted four corners, namely small upper chord splicing units;
after the small splicing units at the edge of the support at the end part of the net rack are installed, continuously installing a small splicing unit grid with an upper chord inverted four corners, namely the small splicing units of the upper chord; installing a reverse quadrangle unit from the end part of the support, hanging an upper chord bolt ball four-rod small unit, namely a small splicing unit consisting of an upper bolt ball, two upper chords and two web diagonal rods, to a connection point, respectively screwing the ends of the two web rods on the two lower chord bolt balls by an operator, and respectively screwing the two upper chords on the two upper bolt balls;
s3, mounting a lower chord regular four-corner small unit grid, namely a lower chord small splicing unit;
after the upper chord small splicing units are installed, continuously installing grids of the lower chord inverted four-corner small splicing units; hanging a small splicing unit consisting of a lower bolt ball, two lower chords and two web diagonal rods, namely a small unit with four rods of a lower chord bolt ball, to a connection point, screwing the ends of the two web rods on the two upper chord bolt balls respectively by an operator, and screwing the two lower chords on the two lower bolt balls respectively; and (5) repeating the steps s2 and s3 until the last steel truss is assembled.
5. The construction method of the steel net rack for roof covering according to claim 1, wherein the oval plane size of the steel net rack is 81 x 68.4m.
6. The construction method of the roof steel net rack according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of bolt holes are uniformly and symmetrically distributed on the surface of the bolt ball, and the bolt holes are used for being connected with the web members or the upper and lower chords.
7. The construction method of the roof steel net rack according to the claim 6, characterized in that the bolt ball is connected with the upper chord member, the lower chord member and the web member to form a bolt ball joint net rack, and the bolt ball joint net rack is composed of a bolt ball, a rod member (16), a sleeve (18), a high-strength bolt (15) and a jackscrew (17); the member, namely the upper chord (10), the lower chord (9) or the web member (8), comprises a conical head, a high-strength bolt (15) connects a bolt ball, a sleeve (18) and the member (16) into a whole from the inside, and the high-strength bolt (15) is correspondingly screwed into a bolt hole.
8. The construction method of the roofing steel grid structure according to the claim 7, characterized in that the sleeve (18) is provided with two sliding grooves in radial symmetry for accommodating the jackscrews (17).
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