CN107516340A - A kind of construction method of human heart tricuspid valve geometrical model - Google Patents
A kind of construction method of human heart tricuspid valve geometrical model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of construction method of human heart tricuspid valve geometrical model, comprise the following steps：1), structure and physiological characteristic based on tricuspid valve as, tricuspid valve is regarded to a part for adjacent cylindroid housing；2), according to medical image and related data, the geometry of each leaflet of tricuspid valve is determined, and related fitting function is determined according to shape, according to medical data, determines the relevant parameter in fitting function；3), calculated by the geometrical model of foundation and contrasted between numerical simulation and medical data and image, the accuracy of checking research result.Model of the present invention is simple, is easy to implement.After founding mathematical models, form parameter is provided, 3D displayings can be carried out.After selecting appropriate material, corresponding artificial valve can be produced with the model, the replacement operation to heart tricuspid valve provides necessary condition.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the construction method technical field of geometrical model, and in particular to a kind of human heart tricuspid valve geometry mould
The construction method of type.
Background technology
Heart is a vitals of human body, and blood is transported to each position of whole body, is in blood circulation system
A part.Heart is a very busy organ again simultaneously, it was found that heart at least beats 3 × 10 in people's all one's life9It is secondary.People
Systemic heart has two ventricles and two atrium, respectively left ventricle, right ventricle and atrium sinistrum, atrium dextrum, there is four valves, respectively
For aorta petal, bicuspid valve, tricuspid valve and pulmonary valve.
Tricuspid valve ensures that blood flows and passed through one from atrium dextrum to right ventricle direction between atrium dextrum and right ventricle
Constant flow.Khurram Owais et al. are handled the related data of tricuspid valve, are calculated related to size, shape and motion
Annular measurement, and be also reconstituted in the tricuspid annulus of end-systole and diastasis, enable to accurately assess heart
The change of shapes and sizes in cycle.Marco Stevanella et al. propose the three-dimensional finite element model of tricuspid valve, carry out
Experiment measurement obtains more detailed tricuspid valve anatomical framework.Hiroyuki Nishi et al. use three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography
Tricuspid valve ring-type dynamics is assessed before and after tricuspid valvoplasty.
The defects of prior art and deficiency：At present, although in the presence of the research to tricuspid valve, still without people to tricuspid valve
Geometry founding mathematical models.Therefore research to tricuspid valve geometrical model so that have to it one deeper into understanding,
So as to which the prosthesis to tricuspid valve provides certain theoretical foundation.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of construction method of human heart tricuspid valve geometrical model, to solve above-mentioned skill
Art problem.
To solve the above problems, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of construction method of human heart tricuspid valve geometrical model, comprises the following steps：
1), structure and physiological characteristic based on tricuspid valve as, tricuspid valve is regarded to a part for adjacent cylindroid housing；
2), according to medical image and related data, the geometry of each leaflet of tricuspid valve is determined, and is determined according to shape
Related fitting function, according to medical data, determines the relevant parameter in fitting function；
3), calculated by the geometrical model of foundation and contrasted between numerical simulation and medical data and image,
The accuracy of checking research result.
Step 1) the particular content is as follows：
Tricuspid valve is regarded to a part for adjacent cylindroid housing as, the parametric equation of cylindroid housing is：
Wherein a, b are respectively cylindroid long and short half axial length.h1,h2The respectively value on its upper and lower border；For three
Cusp, determine a in parametric equation, b, h1,h2And θ span, by measuring we can determine whether a, b value, pass through
We can determine whether h for curve matching1,h2Value, θ span we determined according to three leaflet annulus length；
By to Stevanella M, the statistics of each data of tricuspid valve of Owais K measurements, by whole human body tricuspid valve point
Studied into three parts, wherein arc LS is preceding annulus, and arc LP is rear annulus, and arc PS is septal leaflet ring, thus by forward and backward, septal leaflet
Leaf regards a part for Cylindrical Shells of Oval Cross-Section as respectively.
Step 2) the particular content is as follows：
For the front leaflet of tricuspid valve, due to its geometry, approximation is regarded as a semiellipse post shell, according to
Statistics, take the long axial length 2a=SL=34mm of front leaflet, the length L of front leaflet ringant=40mm, b=7.55mm, θ ∈
[0,π]；
For h span, regard the annulus of tricuspid valve front leaflet as lower boundary, coboundary is regarded on the border of leaflet as,
By observing the geometry of tricuspid valve front leaflet, front leaflet is projected to such as Fig. 2 in two-dimensional space, wherein coboundary can be used
SIN functionTo be fitted, we remove border h1=0, it is maximum high according to the mediocommissure of table 1 height and leaflet
Degree.We can determine A, ω with three points,Value, according to the related data in table 1, preceding valve and septal leaflet even and highly take
11.16mm, preceding valve even and highly take 13.25mm with back lobe, and maximum height takes 24.96mm, final solving equations
Obtain：
A ≈ 24.99, ω ≈ 0.6747,
Therefore corresponding h can be obtained2Parametric equation be：
h2=24.99sin (0.6747 θ+0.463), θ ∈ [0, π]
The parametric equation for obtaining tricuspid valve front leaflet represents
Wherein h1=0, h2=24.99sin (0.6747 θ+0.463), θ ∈ [0, π]
For tricuspid valve posterior valve leaflet with septal cusp, using the method for front leaflet, simply before annulus major axis become after
Short axle of the annulus with septal leaflet ring group into ellipse.
Take the long 2a=SL=34mm of short axle of posterior valve leaflet, the length L of back lobe leaf jointpost=28.94mm, then understand posterior valve leaflet
The long b=21.553mm of major semiaxis；
Cylindrical Shells of Oval Cross-Section parametric equation where obtaining rear annulus is
Wherein h1=0, h2=21.4sin (1.146 θ+3.351),
For septal cusp：Major semiaxis is all identical with posterior valve leaflet with semi-minor axis, the length L of septal leaflet leaf jointsept=32.04mm；
Cylindrical Shells of Oval Cross-Section parametric equation where obtaining septal leaflet ring is
Wherein h1=0, h2=21.58sin (1.229 θ+1.159),
Thus, the mathematic(al) representation of three leaflet geometries of human heart tricuspid valve has been obtained.
Step 3) the particular content is as follows：The parametric equation for three leaflets of tricuspid valve that front obtains, by parameter side
The area of three leaflets is calculated in journey；
Known curve l1With curve l2Parametric equation be respectively
With
Then curve l1With curve l2Between area S.
Therefore the area S of preceding valve can be tried to achieveant≈861.1968mm2.；
The area of back lobe can similarly be tried to achieve
Spost≈566.0396mm2.；
The area of septal leaflet
Ssept≈555.9607mm2.；
The tricuspid valve leaflets size of table 1
Result of calculation above illustrates the feasible of given method within the experimental data error range in table 1
Property, the short axle of semiellipse where being just equal to rear, septal leaflet ring due to the major axis of semiellipse where preceding annulus passes through what is be calculated
The forward and backward of human heart tricuspid valve, septal cusp can be coupled by visual design sketch, so as to obtain whole three
The design sketch of cusp simulation, so as to examine the correctness of the parametric equation of the front and rear leaflet simulated.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) model is simple, is easy to implement.
(2) after founding mathematical models, form parameter is provided, 3D displayings can be carried out.
(3) after by selecting appropriate material, corresponding artificial valve can be produced with the model, gives heart tricuspid
The replacement operation of valve valve provides necessary condition.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the geometry schematic diagram of Tricuspid annulus of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of front leaflet of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the isoboles of front leaflet of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that (wherein a is tricuspid valve front leaflet to tricuspid valve structural representation of the present invention, and b is posterior tricuspid leaflet leaf, c tri-
Cusp septal cusp, d are three leaflets of tricuspid valve).
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Motion feature based on human heart tricuspid valve within a cardiac cycle, we are classified as three parts and ground
Study carefully；For the purpose, it would be desirable to the architectural characteristic of tricuspid valve is understood in detail, understands it within a cardiac cycle
Motion state.When can be seen that tricuspid valve in a closed condition according to the observation to human adult heart, annulus top view is approximately
" D " shape, preceding annulus is on the straight flange of " D ".Therefore two semiellipses can be regarded as Tricuspid annulus to be spliced together.
The geometry of each valve carries out mathematical description.It is assumed that the border of valve is all smooth.And annulus is all same
In plane, by the observation to medical imaging, the statistics of data and the above it is assumed that be fitted with software to data, from
And draw the parameter expression of tricuspid valve geometry.
A kind of construction method of human heart tricuspid valve geometrical model, comprises the following steps：
1), structure and physiological characteristic based on tricuspid valve as, tricuspid valve is regarded to a part for adjacent cylindroid housing；Really
Determine the structure of Tricuspid annulus, (2) determine the structure of tricuspid valve.Valve when being opened completely with tricuspid valve with reference to Tricuspid annulus
The shape and structure of leaf, the part for being seen as two semiellipse post shells are spliced into.
2), according to medical image and related data, the geometry of each leaflet of tricuspid valve is determined, and is determined according to shape
Related fitting function, according to medical data, determines the relevant parameter in fitting function；
3), calculated by the geometrical model of foundation and contrasted between numerical simulation and medical data and image,
The accuracy of checking research result.
Step 1) the particular content is as follows：
Tricuspid valve is regarded to a part for adjacent cylindroid housing as, the parametric equation of cylindroid housing is：
Wherein a, b are respectively cylindroid long and short half axial length, h1,h2The respectively value on its upper and lower border；For three
Cusp, determine a in parametric equation, b, h1,h2And θ span, by measuring we can determine whether a, b value, pass through
We can determine whether h for curve matching1,h2Value, θ span we determined according to three leaflet annulus length；
, will by the statistics of each data of tricuspid valve (such as table 1) to the existing measurements of Stevanella M, Owais K et al.
Whole human body tricuspid valve is divided into three parts and studied (such as Fig. 1), and wherein arc LS is preceding annulus, and arc LP is rear annulus, and arc PS is
Septal leaflet ring as, thus forward and backward, septal cusp is regarded to a part for Cylindrical Shells of Oval Cross-Section respectively.
Step 2) the particular content is as follows：
For the front leaflet of tricuspid valve, due to its geometry, approximation is regarded as a semiellipse post shell, according to
Statistics, take the long axial length 2a=SL=34mm of front leaflet, the length L of front leaflet ringant=40mm, b=7.55mm, θ ∈
[0,π]；
For h span, regard the annulus of tricuspid valve front leaflet as lower boundary, coboundary is regarded on the border of leaflet as,
By observing the geometry of tricuspid valve front leaflet, front leaflet is projected to such as Fig. 2 in two-dimensional space, wherein coboundary can be used
SIN functionTo be fitted, we remove border h1=0, it is maximum high according to the mediocommissure of table 1 height and leaflet
Degree.We can determine A, ω with three points,Value, according to the related data in table 1, preceding valve and septal leaflet even and highly take
11.16mm, preceding valve even and highly take 13.25mm with back lobe, and maximum height takes 24.96mm, as shown in Fig. 2 final solving equations
Obtain：
A ≈ 24.99, ω ≈ 0.6747,
Therefore corresponding h can be obtained2Parametric equation be：
h2=24.99sin (0.6747 θ+0.463), θ ∈ [0, π]
The parametric equation for obtaining tricuspid valve front leaflet represents
Wherein h1=0, h2=24.99sin (0.6747 θ+0.463), θ ∈ [0, π]
For tricuspid valve posterior valve leaflet with septal cusp, using the method for front leaflet, simply before annulus major axis become after
Short axle of the annulus with septal leaflet ring group into ellipse.
Take the long 2a=SL=34mm of short axle of posterior valve leaflet, the length L of back lobe leaf jointpost=28.94mm, then understand posterior valve leaflet
The long b=21.553mm of major semiaxis；
Cylindrical Shells of Oval Cross-Section parametric equation where obtaining rear annulus is
Wherein h1=0, h2=21.4sin (1.146 θ+3.351),
For septal cusp：Major semiaxis is all identical with posterior valve leaflet with semi-minor axis, the length L of septal leaflet leaf jointsept=32.04mm；
Cylindrical Shells of Oval Cross-Section parametric equation where obtaining septal leaflet ring is
Wherein h1=0, h2=21.58sin (1.229 θ+1.159),
Thus, the mathematic(al) representation of three leaflet geometries of human heart tricuspid valve has been obtained.
Step 3) the particular content is as follows：The parametric equation for three leaflets of tricuspid valve that front obtains, by parameter side
The area of three leaflets is calculated in journey；To the front leaflet of tricuspid valve, to obtain the area of front leaflet by problem can with it is equivalent into
Such as Fig. 3.
Known curve l1With curve l2Parametric equation be respectively
With
Then curve l1With curve l2Between area S.
Therefore the area S of preceding valve can be tried to achieveant≈861.1968mm2.；
The area of back lobe can similarly be tried to achieve
Spost≈566.0396mm2.；
The area of septal leaflet
Ssept≈555.9607mm2.；
The tricuspid valve leaflets size of table 1
Result of calculation above illustrates the feasible of given method within the experimental data error range in table 1
Property, the short axle of semiellipse where being just equal to rear, septal leaflet ring due to the major axis of semiellipse where preceding annulus passes through what is be calculated
The forward and backward of human heart tricuspid valve, septal cusp can be coupled by visual design sketch, so as to obtain whole three
The design sketch of cusp simulation, so as to examine the correctness of the parametric equation of the front and rear leaflet simulated, final coupling knot
Fruit such as Fig. 4.
Described above is present pre-ferred embodiments, for the ordinary skill in the art, according to the present invention's
Teaching, in the case where not departing from the principle of the present invention and spirit, the changes, modifications, replacement and the change that are carried out to embodiment
Type is still fallen within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of construction method of human heart tricuspid valve geometrical model, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1), structure and physiological characteristic based on tricuspid valve as, tricuspid valve is regarded to a part for adjacent cylindroid housing；
2), according to medical image and related data, the geometry of each leaflet of tricuspid valve is determined, and correlation is determined according to shape
Fitting function, according to medical data, determine the relevant parameter in fitting function；
3), calculated by the geometrical model of foundation and contrasted between numerical simulation and medical data and image, verified
The accuracy of result of study.
2. the construction method of a kind of human heart tricuspid valve geometrical model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Step 1) particular content is as follows：
Tricuspid valve is regarded to a part for adjacent cylindroid housing as, the parametric equation of cylindroid housing is：
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Wherein a, b are respectively cylindroid long and short half axial length, h1,h2The respectively value on its upper and lower border；
For tricuspid valve, a in parametric equation, b, h are determined1,h2And θ span, by measuring we can determine whether a,
B value, by curve matching, we can determine whether h1,h2Value, θ span we according to three leaflet annulus length come
It is determined that；
By the statistics of each data of tricuspid valve to existing measurement, whole human body tricuspid valve is divided into three parts and studied,
Wherein arc LS is preceding annulus, and arc LP is rear annulus, and arc PS is septal leaflet ring, thus regards forward and backward, septal cusp as Cylindrical Shells of Oval Cross-Section respectively
A part.
3. the construction method of a kind of human heart tricuspid valve geometrical model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Step 2) particular content is as follows：
For the front leaflet of tricuspid valve, due to its geometry, approximation is regarded as a semiellipse post shell, according to statistics
Data, take the long axial length 2a=SL=34mm of front leaflet, the length L of front leaflet ringant=40mm, b=7.55mm, θ ∈ [0, π]；
For h span, regard the annulus of tricuspid valve front leaflet as lower boundary, the border of leaflet is regarded coboundary as, passed through
The geometry of tricuspid valve front leaflet is observed, front leaflet is projected in two-dimensional space, wherein coboundary can use SIN functionTo be fitted, we remove border h1=0, according to the mediocommissure of table 1 height and leaflet maximum height, we
A, ω can be determined with three points,Value, according to the related data in table 1, preceding valve and septal leaflet even and highly take 11.16mm,
Preceding valve even and highly takes 13.25mm with back lobe, and maximum height takes 24.96mm, final solving equations
Obtain：
A ≈ 24.99, ω ≈ 0.6747,
Therefore obtain corresponding h2Parametric equation be：
h2=24.99sin (0.6747 θ+0.463), θ ∈ [0, π]；
The parametric equation for obtaining tricuspid valve front leaflet represents：
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Wherein h1=0, h2=24.99sin (0.6747 θ+0.463), θ ∈ [0, π]
For tricuspid valve posterior valve leaflet with septal cusp, using the method for front leaflet, simply the major axis of preceding annulus becomes rear annulus
Short axle with septal leaflet ring group into ellipse；
Take the long 2a=SL=34mm of short axle of posterior valve leaflet, the length L of back lobe leaf jointpost=28.94mm, then understand the length of posterior valve leaflet
Half axial length b=21.553mm；
Cylindrical Shells of Oval Cross-Section parametric equation where obtaining rear annulus is
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Wherein h1=0, h2=21.4sin (1.146 θ+3.351),
For septal cusp：Major semiaxis is all identical with posterior valve leaflet with semi-minor axis, the length L of septal leaflet leaf jointsept=32.04mm；
Cylindrical Shells of Oval Cross-Section parametric equation where obtaining septal leaflet ring is
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Wherein h1=0, h2=21.58sin (1.229 θ+1.159),
Thus, the mathematic(al) representation of three leaflet geometries of human heart tricuspid valve has been obtained.
4. the construction method of a kind of human heart tricuspid valve geometrical model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Step 3) particular content is as follows：The parametric equation for three leaflets of tricuspid valve that front obtains, three are calculated by parametric equation
The area of individual leaflet；
Known curve l1With curve l2Parametric equation be respectively
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</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>7.55</mn>
<mi>sin</mi>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>h</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>24.99</mn>
<mi>sin</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>0.6747</mn>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>0.463</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mo>&Element;</mo>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>&pi;</mi>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mo>.</mo>
</mrow>
With
<mrow>
<mfenced open = "{" close = "">
<mtable>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>17</mn>
<mi>c</mi>
<mi>o</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>7.55</mn>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>h</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mo>&Element;</mo>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>&pi;</mi>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mo>.</mo>
</mrow>
Then curve l1With curve l2Between area S；
<mrow>
<mi>S</mi>
<mo>&ap;</mo>
<msubsup>
<mo>&Integral;</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>&pi;</mi>
</msubsup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>h</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>h</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<msqrt>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>&part;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>&part;</mo>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>&part;</mo>
<msub>
<mi>y</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>&part;</mo>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
</mrow>
Therefore the area S of preceding valve can be tried to achieveant≈861.1968mm2.；
The area of back lobe can similarly be tried to achieve
Spost≈566.0396mm2.；
The area of septal leaflet
Ssept≈555.9607mm2.；
The tricuspid valve leaflets size of table 1
Result of calculation above illustrates the feasibility of given method within the experimental data error range in table 1, by
After the major axis of semiellipse where preceding annulus is just equal to, the short axle of semiellipse where septal leaflet ring, pass through the human body being calculated
The forward and backward of heart tricuspid valve, septal cusp can be coupled by visual design sketch, so as to obtain whole tricuspid valve
The design sketch of simulation, so as to examine the correctness of the parametric equation of the front and rear leaflet simulated.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111227868A (en) * | 2020-02-03 | 2020-06-05 | 中国医学科学院阜外医院 | Grading standard for secondary tricuspid regurgitation |
| CN113057677A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-02 | 华南理工大学 | Heart image modeling method, system and equipment for fusing ultrasonic image and CT image |
| CN115249236A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-10-28 | 拓微摹心数据科技(南京)有限公司 | Automatic calculation method for aortic valve leaflet length |
| CN115778635A (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2023-03-14 | 上海蓝帆博奥医疗科技有限公司 | Artificial heart valve |
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| CN106951714A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-14 | 北京大学人民医院 | Visible heart auscultatory valve areas body surface location method and teaching mode |
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| CN106951714A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-14 | 北京大学人民医院 | Visible heart auscultatory valve areas body surface location method and teaching mode |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111227868A (en) * | 2020-02-03 | 2020-06-05 | 中国医学科学院阜外医院 | Grading standard for secondary tricuspid regurgitation |
| CN113057677A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-02 | 华南理工大学 | Heart image modeling method, system and equipment for fusing ultrasonic image and CT image |
| CN113057677B (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-05-24 | 华南理工大学 | Heart image modeling method, system and equipment for fusing ultrasonic image and CT image |
| CN115249236A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-10-28 | 拓微摹心数据科技(南京)有限公司 | Automatic calculation method for aortic valve leaflet length |
| CN115249236B (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2023-09-15 | 拓微摹心数据科技(南京)有限公司 | Automatic calculation method for aortic valve leaflet length |
| CN115778635A (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2023-03-14 | 上海蓝帆博奥医疗科技有限公司 | Artificial heart valve |
| CN115778635B (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2023-05-26 | 上海蓝帆博奥医疗科技有限公司 | Artificial heart valve |
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