CN107511718A - Single product high-volume repeats the intelligent tool state monitoring method of process - Google Patents
Single product high-volume repeats the intelligent tool state monitoring method of process Download PDFInfo
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- CN107511718A CN107511718A CN201710823053.7A CN201710823053A CN107511718A CN 107511718 A CN107511718 A CN 107511718A CN 201710823053 A CN201710823053 A CN 201710823053A CN 107511718 A CN107511718 A CN 107511718A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
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Abstract
The invention provides the intelligent tool state monitoring method that a kind of single product high-volume repeats process, comprise the following steps：S1, Sample Storehouse is established, the characteristic signal sample of work pieces process when collection cutter is in different lifetime stages；S2, multiple sensor signals fusion；The factor of the excessively middle effect characteristicses signal of S3, machine tooling；S4, the ability for assigning cutter life monitoring algorithm self study；S5, in the life-span monitoring of cutter early stage, take every processing m parts once to be monitored, then start to monitor in real time when monitoring and also having H parts away from last set N closing is monitored during other processing.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The generation of erroneous judgement can preferably be avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tool condition monitoring method, more particularly to a kind of single product high-volume to repeat the intelligent knife of process
Has state monitoring method.
Background technology
Tool condition monitoring mainly experienced two development courses from occurring to being developed so far：
1）Traditional monitor stages
In traditional cutting process, the processing staff that is identified by of cutting tool state distinguishes cutting sound, chip color, cut
Time etc. is cut to judge, or its damaged degree and wear extent are surveyed after dismounting cutter to judge according between manufacturing procedure.
2）The intelligent monitoring stage
So-called intelligent monitoring refers to that in product processing computer is by detecting various kinds of sensors signal intensity, in advance
Survey cutter abrasion and damaged state, so as to determine whether cutter needs to change, conventional tool monitoring signal have vibration signal,
Temperature signal, spindle motor current signal, acoustic emission signal etc., cutting-tool wear state are described as shown in figure 1, being divided into：Initial wear
Stage, normal wearing stage and drastically wear stage.
The initial wear stage：The defects of rough, micro-flaw, oxidation often be present in the rear knife face of new sharpening cutter,
And cutting edge, than sharp, in working angles, rear knife face and machined surface contact area are smaller, contact compared with
Greatly, therefore, the initial wear time is shorter.
Normal wearing stage：Into during normal wear, the rear knife face of cutter polishes substantially, and it connects with machined surface
Contacting surface product is larger, and contact diminishes, even wearing and comparison is slow.The wear extent of normal wearing stage cutter is substantially and workpiece
Process time it is directly proportional.
Drastically wear stage：When tool wear to a certain extent after, workpiece machined surface roughness value increase, cutting
Power, cutting temperature rise, cutter drastically wear.Drastically wear stage generally entails strong vibration and abnormal noise, arrives
This stage is it is necessary to timely shutting down replacing cutter.
Go out which wear stage current cutter is in by tool condition monitoring system resolution, when in drastically wearing rank
Section, then prompt digital control system tool changing.
What traditional tool condition monitoring often relied on is the knowhow of the long term accumulation of skilled worker, so can not keep away
That exempts from occurs problems with：
1）If tool abrasion is less than blunt standard but has been removed, does not make full use of the actual life of cutter and make
Into waste, increase processing cost；
2）If tool abrasion is higher than blunt standard, i.e. cutter has occurred and that abrasion or damaged, then can influence the processing of workpiece
Surface quality and dimensional accuracy, or even damage lathe.
3）The waste on personnel is caused, present industrial trend is manless production, goes to find cutter by personnel
Abrasion and the damaged needs that can not have met modern industrial production, and how by dismantling cutter to detect tool wear
Amount can then cause the pause of processing, influence production efficiency.
Traditional tool condition monitoring system is often monitored by the way of threshold value is set, using spindle power signal as
Example：The spindle power of machine tool in process all the time is not one layer constant, when under heavy cut state, its
Cutting power can increase therewith, therefore machine tool chief axis power is during thing is in dynamic change in process, because
We can set suitable threshold value for this, and system for prompting tool wear exceedes normal limitation when this value is exceeded, and machine tooling is complete
Workpiece tool changing again；We be it should also be appreciated that cutter tipping may occur in process for lathe simultaneously, caused by harm
More serious than tool wear is more, it is necessary to which we set a limiting threshold value, and immediately shutdown, prevents cutter from breaking when the threshold value is exceeded
Damage to lathe in itself and operating personnel damage.
In lathe normal process, the peak value of machine tool chief axis power is stable in certain section, will not be occurred too big
Saltus step, normal process level thresholds threshold value is relatively low；When machine tool chief axis power exceedes wear threshold, illustrate the attrition value of cutter
Allow more than processing, when the complete workpiece of machine tooling, tool changing will be shut down；When machine tool chief axis power oversteps the extreme limit threshold value,
Illustrate cutter there occurs breakage, tool wear is a slowly varying process, and damaged thing emergency case, to lathe in itself and behaviour
Significant damage is caused as personnel, so when spindle power curve oversteps the extreme limit threshold value, it is impossible to changed again when the work pieces process is complete
Knife avoids serious harm caused by tool failure, it is necessary to hard stop tool changing.So this signal can be in the form of a kind of mutation
Occur, the later stage curve of processing as shown in Figure 2.
Though developing into the intelligent tool status monitoring occurred in recent years has broken away from limitation on personnel, realize intelligence and exist
Line monitors, but still suffers from monitoring inaccurately, the doubt problem of tool change time, because existing intellectual monitoring can only often be differentiated
Go out current cutter and be in order at initial wear stage, normal wearing stage still drastically wear stage, the tool of cutter can not be provided
Body life time, therefore also can usually cause cutter excessively to use the two problems using insufficient and cutter.
And erroneous judgement often occurs in the intellectual monitoring of modern cutter, because monitoring system does not know that cutter is in now
Which type of machining state, processed in High-speed machining or low speed, be heavy cut or light cut, monitoring system complete one
It is ignorant.When cutter carries out cutting sales volume heavy cut greatly at a high speed, its characteristic signal when cutter often than carrying out the small cutting output of low speed
Change during light cut it is violent more, and at this time tool monitoring system perhaps just will be considered that cutter occur at this moment breakage or
Beyond cutter blunt standard, it is necessary to tool changing.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the invention provides the intelligence that a kind of single product high-volume repeats process
Tool condition monitoring method.
The invention provides the intelligent tool state monitoring method that a kind of single product high-volume repeats process, including it is following
Step：
S1, Sample Storehouse is established, the characteristic signal sample of work pieces process when collection cutter is in different lifetime stages；
S2, multiple sensor signals fusion；
The factor of the excessively middle effect characteristicses signal of S3, machine tooling；
S4, the ability for assigning cutter life monitoring algorithm self study；
S5, in the life-span monitoring of cutter early stage, take every processing m parts once to be monitored, other process during then monitoring
Close, start to monitor in real time when monitoring and also having H parts away from last set N.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in step sl, characteristic signal include spindle motor current signal, vibration signal,
Voice signal, temperature signal.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in step s3, the factor of effect characteristicses signal includes cutting width W, cut
Cut depth D, feed speed V.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：By such scheme, the generation of erroneous judgement can be preferably avoided.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is cutting-tool wear state schematic diagram in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is the later stage curve map processed in the prior art.
Fig. 3 is the multisensor for the intelligent tool state monitoring method that a kind of single product high-volume of the present invention repeats process
Signal fused schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the machine tooling for the intelligent tool state monitoring method that a kind of single product high-volume of the present invention repeats process
Cross the schematic diagram of the factor of middle effect characteristicses signal.
Fig. 5 is building for the Sample Storehouse for the intelligent tool state monitoring method that a kind of single product high-volume of invention repeats process
Vertical flow chart.
Fig. 6 is the training flow for the intelligent tool state monitoring method that a kind of single product high-volume of invention repeats process
Figure.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described for explanation and embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figures 3 to 6, the product high-volume that single specification is more and more engaged in for modern machine repeats to add
This phenomenon of work, in order to improve the accuracy of Monitoring of Tool Condition, False Rate is reduced, while add self-learning capability, it is really real
The on-line monitoring of existing cutting tool state, the result of monitoring is not limited solely to obtain cutter is in for which type of state of wear, but
Can obtain current cutter it is remaining can workpieces processing quantity, the invention provides the intelligence that a kind of single product high-volume repeats process
Energy tool condition monitoring method, comprises the following steps：
1）Sample Storehouse is established, the characteristic signal sample of work pieces process when collection cutter is in different lifetime stages, this feature letter
Number can be spindle motor current signal, vibration signal, voice signal, temperature signal etc..And need to look for from these characteristic signals
To the characteristic signal closely related with cutting-tool wear state, insensitive signal is excluded.Wherein samples selection must be complete
Face, first workpiece is processed since new knife to tool wear to the sample for causing last unqualified i.e. workpiece of workpieces processing
Data are all desirable, it is ensured that the integrality of Sample Storehouse, while the quantity of sample is big, can avoid accidentalia to decision-making
Influence.
2）Multiple sensor signals merge, it is necessary to which the problem faced is if only by a kind of monitoring of signal, is
The very high degree of accuracy can not possibly be reached, because every kind of signal has the limitation of oneself.Multi-sensor Fusion refers to cutter shape
The judgement of state does not depend solely on a kind of signal, but the data of multi-signal are acquired and handled, and utilizes every kind of signal
There is respective advantage, have complementary advantages with regard to more accurate result can be obtained.Such as the main shaft gathered simultaneously in process is electric
Signal, vibration signal and processing signal etc. are flowed, and characteristic value different in same signal also can be to varying degrees
Reflect the state of wear of cutter, therefore different signal characteristic values can be assigned according to the sensitivity of their Cutter wears
The weights that they are different are given, and then obtain rational monitoring result, cutter is obtained eventually through the synthetic determination of various features value
The state of abrasion.
3）The factor of the excessively middle effect characteristicses signal of machine tooling：Cutting width W, cutting depth D, feed speed V and outer
The various disturbing factors in portion, when lathe carry out be that single workpiece high-volume repeats to process when, cutter is all the time in assorted
Cutting depth, width and the feed speed of sample are all known, can find out that its normal processing is special from master sample
Reference number, the convenient next monitoring to cutter life, this is also the importance for starting sample collection, the success that sample is chosen with
It is no directly to determine next to the order of accuarcy of cutter life monitoring.
4) ability of cutter life monitoring algorithm self study is assigned, when judging by accident, such as algorithm judges this cutter
It can not continue workpieces processing, but find that after the cutter to changing carries out careful inspection this cutter can also be after
At this moment continuous processing, this algorithm just illustrated also imperfection add a penalty mechanism, it is necessary to improved to algorithm itself, when
When judging by accident, its algorithm itself carries out some adjustment, assigns a kind of ability of self study of algorithm.Instruction by algorithm to sample
Practice to realize monitoring of the algorithm to cutter life.
If 5) monitor last work of tool sharpening from tool sharpening unit one according to above-mentioned monitoring mode
Part, the amount of such data processing is just too big, too high to the load of monitoring system, and is also not necessarily in actual production.It is false
If a life-span given when new knife is appeared on the scene is N parts, then it is monitored to obtain residue before it processes N/2, or even 2N/3
Number of packages is processed without what meaning, if because breakage does not occur for this when of cutter, the certain thing of its wear extent is allowing
In the range of, so in the case that workpiece processing tool number is within 2N/3, the monitor mode that can simplify, monitoring
Focus on whether cutter occurs above breakage, reduction procedure is as described below：
In the life-span monitoring of cutter early stage, every processing m parts can be taken once to be monitored, then monitoring during other processing
Close, start to monitor in real time when monitoring and also having 10 or 20 away from last set N, because this when, tool wear started
Drastically occur, characteristic signal also can substantially change relatively within this period, and this when, monitoring also became relatively easy
And necessity.
Because using the monitor mode of multi-sensor information fusion, tool wear initial stage and mid-term in order to
Reduce data processing pressure and save data processing time, can be only monitored using a kind of sensor parameters, equally, work as prison
Control begins to use multi-sensor information fusion to be monitored when also having 10 or 20 away from last set N.
The intelligent tool state monitoring method that a kind of single product high-volume provided by the invention repeats process has following
Advantage：
1) False Rate is reduced
Repeat to process for the high-volume of single specification product so that it is known which type of cutter add all in all the time
Work state, it is High-speed machining or low speed, is heavy cut or light cut etc., avoids conventional monitoring system and acutely processing
In stage it is possible that erroneous judgement.
2) monitoring is more accurate
Compared to conventional tool condition monitoring, the remaining workpieces processing number of cutter can be obtained, work pieces process can be avoided to arrive
Half cutter is scrapped and causes the processing of labor cost to fail, and being processed due to present labor cost successfully needs many steps, therefore is worked into
The cost of one workpiece of later stage can greatly improve, and can reduce the disqualification rate of workpiece well using new tool monitoring, enter
It is and cost-effective.
Above content is to combine specific preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to is assert
The specific implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention,
On the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, should all be considered as belonging to the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of single product high-volume repeats the intelligent tool state monitoring method of process, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
S1, Sample Storehouse is established, the characteristic signal sample of work pieces process when collection cutter is in different lifetime stages；
S2, multiple sensor signals fusion；
The factor of the excessively middle effect characteristicses signal of S3, machine tooling；
S4, the ability for assigning cutter life monitoring algorithm self study；
S5, in the life-span monitoring of cutter early stage, take every processing m parts once to be monitored, other process during then monitoring
Close, start to monitor in real time when monitoring and also having H parts away from last set N.
2. single product high-volume according to claim 1 repeats the intelligent tool state monitoring method of process, its feature
It is：In step sl, characteristic signal includes spindle motor current signal, vibration signal, voice signal, temperature signal.
3. single product high-volume according to claim 1 repeats the intelligent tool state monitoring method of process, its feature
It is：In step s3, the factor of effect characteristicses signal includes cutting width W, cutting depth D, feed speed V.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN108873814A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-23 | 深圳精匠云创科技有限公司 | Monitoring system, monitoring method and storage equipment |
| CN109262369A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-25 | 成都数之联科技有限公司 | A kind of cutting tool state detection system and method |
| CN109298680A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-02-01 | 成都数之联科技有限公司 | A kind of data collection system of cutting tool for CNC machine detection |
| TWI649551B (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2019-02-01 | 國立勤益科技大學 | Method for estimating tool wear by applying chip color |
| CN109605126A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-04-12 | 深圳市五湖智联实业有限公司 | A kind of numerically-controlled machine tool on-line checking cutter life system |
| CN110263474A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-20 | 重庆理工大学 | A kind of cutter life real-time predicting method of numerically-controlled machine tool |
| CN115338693A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-11-15 | 江苏天南电力股份有限公司 | Machining loss avoiding method and system for automatic lathe |
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Application publication date: 20171226 |