Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a squareness measuring instrument and a room squareness measuring method which are simple, convenient and efficient to operate so as to solve the problems.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
the positive measuring instrument comprises a central shaft, wherein a first measuring rod, an angle dial and a second measuring rod are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the central shaft, at least one of the first measuring rod and the second measuring rod can rotate relative to the central shaft, cavities are formed in the first measuring rod and the second measuring rod, and a first motor, a first transmission device driven by the first motor, a first telescopic rod driven by the first transmission device, a second motor, a second transmission device driven by the second motor, a second telescopic rod driven by the second transmission device and a control system are arranged in the two cavities.
The measuring device comprises a first measuring rod, a second measuring rod, a first telescopic rod, a second telescopic rod, a control system and a scale, wherein one end of the first measuring rod and one end of the second measuring rod are respectively provided with a first extending opening matched with the first telescopic rod, the other end of the first measuring rod and one end of the second measuring rod are respectively provided with a second extending opening matched with the second telescopic rod, the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod are parallel to each other and are respectively connected in a sliding mode in a cavity, the control system comprises a control button for starting or closing a first motor and a second motor, the control button is arranged on the outer wall of the first measuring rod and the outer wall of the second measuring rod, and the first measuring rod, the first telescopic rod.
Further, the first transmission device and the second transmission device both comprise a gear and a rack which are meshed with each other, the gear is arranged on output shafts of the first motor and the second motor, and the rack is arranged on the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod.
Therefore, the rotary motion of the first motor and the second motor can be converted into the linear motion of the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod through the matching of the gear and the rack.
The gear and rack meshing transmission is the most widely applied transmission form in mechanical transmission, and has the characteristics of accurate transmission, high efficiency, compact structure, reliable work and long service life.
Furthermore, a driven wheel is arranged between the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod, and driven teeth matched with the racks are arranged on the driven wheel. The driven wheel is rotatably connected to the inner walls of the first measuring rod and the second measuring rod.
The driven wheel can support the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod, so that the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod can stably slide.
Furthermore, there are three driven wheels, and the driven wheels are arranged at even intervals along the length direction of the first telescopic rod or the second telescopic rod.
The purpose that sets up like this is in order to further guarantee that first telescopic link and second telescopic link can stretch out first measuring stick and second measuring stick steadily.
Furthermore, the first transmission device and the second transmission device both comprise a lead screw and a sliding block which are connected with each other, the lead screw is connected to output shafts of the first motor and the second motor through a coupler, and the sliding block is connected to the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod.
The lead screw and the sliding block are common standard transmission parts, the rotary motion of the first motor and the rotary motion of the second motor can be effectively converted into the linear motion of the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod respectively, and the lead screw and the sliding block are high in transmission precision and low in noise. Because the standard part can be directly purchased from the market, the replacement is convenient and the cost is low.
Further, the first motor and the second motor are both servo motors, the servo motors are connected with servo controllers, the control system comprises a PLC, and the servo controllers are connected with the PLC.
The servo motor is provided with a signal feedback device, the speed of the motor can be measured in real time, the control precision is very high, and the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod can be moved accurately.
Furthermore, the first motor is arranged at one end, close to the first extending opening, in the cavity, and the second motor is arranged at one end, close to the second extending opening, in the cavity.
The aim of this arrangement is to provide the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod with as large an effective displacement as possible. The effective displacement means the actual length of the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod which can extend out of the first measuring rod and the second measuring rod, so as to increase the measuring area of the positive measuring instrument as much as possible.
Furthermore, a stop block is arranged at a first extending opening and a second extending opening of the first measuring rod, and clamping blocks corresponding to the stop blocks are arranged on the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod.
The purpose of setting up dog and fixture block prevents that first telescopic link and second telescopic link from flexible transition and breaking away from first measuring stick and second measuring stick to guarantee the normal work of whole square measuring apparatu.
Furthermore, one end of each of the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod, which extends out of the first measuring rod, is hemispherical.
The purpose of this arrangement is that the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod will not damage the coating on the wall when they abut against the inner wall of the room.
The room squareness measuring method comprises the following steps: calculating a theoretical value of a diagonal angle of the floor of a room to be measured; the center shaft of the square measuring instrument is placed at the center of the room ground, when the square measuring instrument is placed, the first measuring rod is positioned below, two ends of the first measuring rod are aligned to a pair of opposite angles of the room ground, and the second measuring rod is positioned above; rotating the second measuring rod, and enabling the included angle between the second measuring rod and the first measuring rod to be equal to the calculated theoretical value according to the reading of the angle dial; pressing down a control button, slowly extending a first telescopic rod and a second telescopic rod out of a first measuring rod and a second measuring rod, and loosening the control button after the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod abut against the surrounding wall surface; and observing whether the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod are just propped against four corners of the floor of the room to judge the squareness of the room.
If the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod just prop against four corners of the floor of a room, the floor of the room is proved to be square and is a standard rectangle; on the contrary, the floor of the room is proved to be not square and not a standard rectangle.
Meanwhile, the user can also read scales on the first measuring rod, the first telescopic rod, the second measuring rod and the second telescopic rod, calculate an actual value of a diagonal line of the ground of the room, and compare the actual value with a standard value. The closer the actual value is to the standard value, the higher the squareness of the floor of the room is proved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the square measuring instrument adopts a structure that the angle dial is arranged between the two measuring rods, the two measuring rods can automatically stretch out and draw back, the square condition of the floor or the wall of a room can be simply and efficiently measured, the operation is convenient and fast, manpower and material resources are saved, and the defects of the existing room square measuring method are effectively overcome.
Detailed Description
The quality inspection of the house is an important link in the house construction process, and the squaring measurement of the floor and the wall of a room is one of the main measurement contents of the house quality inspection. However, at present, no instrument specially used for detecting the squareness of the floor or the wall of a room is available in the market, and detection personnel basically judge the squareness of the room by manually measuring the length, the width and the diagonal dimension of the floor or the wall of the room by using a measuring tape. The measurement mode is more original, and needs a plurality of measurement personnel to operate simultaneously, thereby not only wasting human resources, but also having lower measurement efficiency.
In view of the above situation, the present technical solution provides a squareness measuring apparatus, which can intuitively and efficiently measure the squareness of the floor or wall of a room, that is, the difference between the shape of the floor or wall of the room and the standard rectangle is small, and the smaller the difference is, the more square the room is.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
First embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a surveying instrument including a central shaft 800, and a first surveying rod 100, an angle scale 700, and a second surveying rod 200 sequentially disposed along a length direction of the central shaft 800, wherein the first surveying rod 100 and the angle scale 700 are fixedly connected to the central shaft 800, and a straight edge of the angle scale 700 coincides with one side of the first surveying rod 100. The second measuring stick 200 is rotatably connected to the central shaft 800, cavities are formed in the first measuring stick 100 and the second measuring stick 200, and a first motor 300, a first transmission device driven by the first motor 300, a first telescopic rod 120 driven by the first transmission device, a second motor 400, a second transmission device driven by the second motor 400, a second telescopic rod 140 driven by the second transmission device, and a control system are arranged in each of the two cavities.
One end of each of the first measuring rod 100 and the second measuring rod 200 is provided with a first extending opening matched with the first telescopic rod 120, the other end of each of the first measuring rod 100 and the second measuring rod 200 is provided with a second extending opening matched with the second telescopic rod 140, the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140 are parallel to each other and are respectively connected in the cavity in a sliding mode, the control system comprises a control button 600 for starting or closing the first motor 300 and the second motor 400, the control button 600 is arranged on the outer wall of each of the first measuring rod 100 and the second measuring rod 200, and scales are arranged on each of the first measuring rod 100, the first telescopic rod 120, the second measuring rod 200 and the second telescopic rod 140.
Two control buttons 600 are respectively arranged in the middle of the first measuring rod 100 and the second measuring rod 200 to facilitate the operation of a measurer.
The working process and principle of the square measuring instrument are as follows: firstly, a theoretical value of a diagonal angle of a room floor to be measured is calculated, then the central shaft 800 is placed at the center of the room floor, when the central shaft is placed, the first measuring rod 100 is positioned below, two ends of the first measuring rod are respectively aligned with a pair of opposite angles of the room floor, and the second measuring rod 200 is positioned above. The second stick 200 is then rotated so that the angle between the second stick 200 and the first stick 100 is equal to the previously calculated theoretical value, based on the reading of the angle dial 700. Finally, two control buttons 600 are pressed, the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140 slowly extend out of the first measuring rod 100 and the second measuring rod 200, and the control buttons 600 are released after the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140 abut against the surrounding wall.
After the above operations are completed, the user can visually observe whether the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140 are just against four corners of the floor of the room. If yes, the floor of the room is proved to be square and is a standard rectangle; if not, the floor of the room is proved to be not square enough and not a standard rectangle.
Meanwhile, the user can also read the scales on the first measuring rod 100, the first telescopic rod 120, the second measuring rod 200 and the second telescopic rod 140, calculate the actual value of the diagonal dimension of the floor of the room, and compare the actual value with the standard value. The closer the actual value is to the standard value, the higher the squareness of the floor of the room is proved.
Further, the first transmission device and the second transmission device each include a gear and a rack that are engaged with each other, the gear is disposed on the output shafts of the first motor 300 and the second motor 400, and the rack is disposed on the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140. When the gear and the rack are used for transmission, the output shafts of the first motor 300 and the second motor 400 are perpendicular to the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140.
Thus, the rotational motion of the first motor 300 and the second motor 400 can be converted into the linear motion of the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140 through the cooperation of the gear and the rack.
The gear and rack meshing transmission is the most widely applied transmission form in mechanical transmission, and has the characteristics of accurate transmission, high efficiency, compact structure, reliable work and long service life. The measuring instrument is a measuring instrument, so the requirements on accuracy and stability are high, and the transmission safety of the gear and the rack can meet the requirements.
Further, a driven wheel 500 is arranged between the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140, and driven teeth matched with the racks are arranged on the driven wheel 500. Wherein, the driven wheel 500 is rotatably connected to the inner walls of the first measuring stick 100 and the second measuring stick 200.
The driven wheel 500 can support the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140, so that the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140 can stably slide.
Further, there are three driven wheels 500, which are uniformly spaced along the length direction of the first telescopic rod 120 or the second telescopic rod 140.
The purpose of this arrangement is to further ensure that the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140 can stably extend out of the first measuring stick 100 and the second measuring stick 200.
It should be noted that, in this technical solution, the number of the driven wheels 500 may also be set to 2 or 4, and the specific number may be determined according to the lengths of the first measuring stick 100 and the second measuring stick 200.
Further, the first motor 300 and the second motor 400 are both servo motors, the servo motors are connected with servo controllers, the control system comprises a PLC, and the servo controllers are connected with the PLC.
The servo motor is provided with a signal feedback device, the speed of the motor can be measured in real time, the control precision is very high, and the accurate movement of the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140 can be realized.
It should be noted that, if the requirement for measurement is not particularly high, the motor in the present technical solution may also be a stepping motor, and the cost of the stepping motor is relatively low, and the precise movement of the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140 may also be basically achieved.
Further, the first motor 300 is disposed at an end of the cavity close to the first protruding opening, and the second motor 400 is disposed at an end of the cavity close to the second protruding opening.
This is done in order to provide as large an effective displacement as possible of the first telescopic rod 120 and said second telescopic rod 140. The effective displacement means that the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140 can extend out of the actual length of the first measuring rod 100 and the second measuring rod 200, so as to increase the measuring area of the present positive measuring instrument as much as possible.
Further, stoppers are disposed at the first extending opening and the second extending opening of the first measuring rod 100, and fixture blocks corresponding to the stoppers are disposed on the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140.
Meanwhile, the second measuring stick 200 and the first and second telescopic rods 120 and 140 disposed inside the second measuring stick 200 also have similar structures.
The purpose of the stop block and the clamping block is to prevent the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140 from being separated from the first measuring rod 100 and the second measuring rod 200 in the telescopic transition, so that the normal operation of the whole squareness measuring instrument is ensured.
Further, the ends of the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140 extending out of the first measuring rod 100 are hemispherical.
Meanwhile, the ends of the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140 extending out of the second measuring rod 200 are also hemispherical.
This is provided in order that the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140 do not damage the coating on the wall when they abut against the inner wall of the room.
Further, the lengths of the first measuring rod 100, the first telescopic rod 120, the second measuring rod 200 and the second telescopic rod 140 are all 1m-2.5 m.
The length of the squareness measuring instrument is too short, the measurement of a room cannot be finished, the measurement is very inconvenient when the measuring instrument is brought into the room, and the length of 1m-2.5m enables the squareness measuring instrument to measure the squareness of most rooms and to be easily and conveniently brought into the room.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the square measuring instrument adopts a structure that the angle dial 700 is arranged between the two measuring rods, the two measuring rods can automatically stretch out and draw back, the square condition of the floor or the wall of a room can be simply and efficiently measured, the operation is convenient and fast, manpower and material resources are saved, and the defects of the existing room square measuring method are effectively overcome.
In the second embodiment, the apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention has the same implementation principle and the same technical effect as the foregoing method embodiment, and for the sake of brief description, reference may be made to the corresponding contents in the foregoing method embodiment for the part where the apparatus embodiment is not mentioned.
The first transmission device and the second transmission device both comprise a lead screw and a sliding block which are connected with each other, the lead screw is connected to the output shafts of the first motor 300 and the second motor 400 through a coupler, and the sliding block is connected to the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140. When the screw and the slider are used for transmission, the output shafts of the first motor 300 and the second motor 400 are parallel to the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140.
The lead screw and the slide block are common standard transmission parts, the rotary motion of the first motor 300 and the rotary motion of the second motor 400 can be effectively converted into the linear motion of the first telescopic rod 120 and the second telescopic rod 140 respectively, and the lead screw and the slide block are high in transmission precision and low in noise. Because the standard part can be directly purchased from the market, the replacement is convenient and the cost is low.
Of course, in the above embodiment, the first measuring stick 100 and the second measuring stick 200 are simultaneously and rotatably connected to the central shaft 800, or the first measuring stick 100 is rotatably connected to the central shaft 800 and the second measuring stick 200 is fixedly connected to the central shaft 800, so that the same measuring effect can be achieved. Similarly, the angle dial 700 may be fixedly connected to the central shaft 800, or may be rotatably connected to the central shaft 800, so as to achieve the measurement effect.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.