CN107503709B - Well cementation device of thin interlayer adjusting well - Google Patents
Well cementation device of thin interlayer adjusting well Download PDFInfo
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- CN107503709B CN107503709B CN201710550452.0A CN201710550452A CN107503709B CN 107503709 B CN107503709 B CN 107503709B CN 201710550452 A CN201710550452 A CN 201710550452A CN 107503709 B CN107503709 B CN 107503709B
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- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009918 complex formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
- Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a well cementation device of a thin interlayer adjusting well, which comprises a sleeve string positioned in a well hole, wherein a thin interlayer line sealing packer is arranged at the lower part of the sleeve string, the thin interlayer line sealing packer corresponds to the position of a thin interlayer of the well hole, the lower end of the thin interlayer line sealing packer is connected with an annular pressure compensator through a sleeve, the lower end of the annular pressure compensator is connected with a float collar through the sleeve, and the lower end of the float collar is connected with a float shoe through the sleeve. The thin interlayer line sealing packer comprises an upper joint and a central pipe, wherein the upper end of the upper joint is screwed with the upper sleeve, and the upper end of the central pipe is screwed with the lower end of the upper joint; the middle part of the central tube is sleeved with a rubber cylinder, the upper end of the rubber cylinder is embedded in a rubber cylinder support, the rubber cylinder support is sleeved on the central tube, an elastic supporting mechanism is arranged between the upper part of the rubber cylinder support and the upper joint, two rubber cylinder clamping grooves are formed in the periphery of the middle part of the rubber cylinder, a shaping hoop is respectively embedded in the two rubber cylinder clamping grooves, and a hydraulic compression mechanism is arranged on the lower end face of the rubber cylinder. The device can reliably seal the thin interlayer and stop oil, gas and water channeling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a well cementation device for petroleum drilling, in particular to a well cementation device for a thin interlayer adjusting well, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum drilling.
Background
With the continuous deep development of oil field exploration, the thin oil layer old area adjusting wells with active oil gas and complex formation pressure are more and more, and the performance requirements on the oil field drilling and completion downhole tools are higher and higher. Especially, when the cement paste enters the later development stage of high water content, due to the influence of unbalanced injection and production, multiple pressure layers in the longitudinal direction coexist, seepage flow is increased, interlayer contradiction is prominent, the oil layer is multiple and thin, the sealing section is long, the cement paste is difficult to meet the pressure requirement of each layer, and oil, gas and water channeling easily occurs. In the aspect of the well cementation quality requirement, the thin oil layers to be adjusted are prevented from being mutually communicated, and the sealing quality requirement is very high. The well cementation quality of a thin oil layer in actual operation is difficult to ensure, the effective implementation of a development scheme is severely restricted, and the problem of water channeling of a well with the thin oil layer is solved.
The packer is widely applied to well completion and well cementation operations and various packing bridge plugging operations, the packer adopted in the current market is mainly an external casing packer, the external casing packer is a permanent external pipe packer, and an expansion rubber cylinder is adopted as a sealing element to realize the well cementation and bridge plugging of various purposes, thereby having remarkable effects of improving and enhancing the well cementation and well completion quality of oil, gas and water wells. The packer is mainly divided into two types of mechanical setting and hydraulic setting.
The quality of the sealing quality of the packer is critically dependent on the contact stress between the well wall and the rubber cylinder, and the conventional packer has no sizing structure for expansion deformation of the rubber cylinder and no supporting mechanism for supporting the rubber cylinder after the rubber cylinder is expanded. When packing is carried out, because the deformation of the rubber cylinder after expansion is irregular, the same cross section is provided with high points and low points, the expansion part can be distorted or overlapped, the sealing line moves, and the sealing effect similar to an abacus bead cannot be realized. In order to realize effective packing, the length of the rubber cylinder is often required to be lengthened to compensate, so that a larger contact area is formed between the rubber cylinder and the well wall, and surface contact sealing is expected to be realized. Therefore, the length of the rubber cylinder of the conventional packer reaches 1.2-1.5 m, so that the length of the whole packer is generally more than 3 m.
The productivity of an oil and gas well is mainly determined by the interval packing degree, which in turn is determined by the sealing degree of a well cementation interface. The sealing layer is generally called a thin layer below 3m, and for a special well with the thin layer, a conventional packer cannot be used, so that the sealing requirement of oil well exploitation cannot be met, and a longer conventional packer cannot be placed in the thin layer; if the oil-gas layer is forcibly placed, the oil-gas layer is sealed and isolated, and the production of later perforation, oil extraction and the like is influenced; or to a very high channeling rate. In addition, the packer is too long in length and inconvenient to transport, and is not easy to fall into a large deflecting well section of a dog leg, so that the packer is limited in use to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a well cementation device of a thin interlayer adjusting well, which can reliably seal a thin interlayer below 3m and completely stop oil, gas and water channeling.
In order to solve the technical problems, the well cementation device of the thin interlayer adjusting well comprises a sleeve string positioned in a well hole, wherein a rubber plug capable of moving downwards unidirectionally is arranged in an inner cavity of the sleeve string, a plurality of skirt rims are arranged on the circumference of the rubber plug, sealing is realized between the skirt rims and the inner wall of the sleeve string, a thin interlayer line sealing packer is arranged at the lower part of the sleeve string, the thin interlayer line sealing packer corresponds to the position of a thin interlayer of the well hole, an annular pressure compensator is connected at the lower end of the thin interlayer line sealing packer through a sleeve, a float collar is connected at the lower end of the annular pressure compensator through a sleeve, and a float shoe is connected at the lower end of the float collar through a sleeve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) firstly, injecting flushing spacer fluid into the inner cavity of the sleeve string by using a cement truck, and flushing out the well wall, mud on the sleeve wall and loose mud cakes; then cement slurry is injected into the inner cavity of the casing string by using a cement truck; then a rubber plug is put into the inner cavity of the casing string, then a drilling fluid pump is used for injecting drilling fluid to push the rubber plug to move downwards, the rubber plug presses cement paste in the casing string downwards, and the cement paste enters an annular area outside the casing from a floating shoe; when the rubber plug reaches the thin interlayer line sealing packer, cement slurry in the annular space reaches the upper part of the sealing interlayer; pressurizing the drilling fluid pump to a packer working pressure value, opening the thin interlayer line sealing packer by the rubber plug, and then continuously pressurizing to a packer setting pressure value by adopting a cement truck with small discharge capacity when the rubber plug continuously descends to be close to the annular pressure compensator, so that the thin interlayer line sealing packer is set in a well wall at a sealing interlayer and is stabilized for 3-5 minutes; the cement truck continues to boost the pressure to the opening pressure value of the annular pressure compensator with small displacement, so that the rubber plug opens the annular pressure compensator; the cement truck continues to push the rubber plug to move downwards with small displacement, stops when the rubber plug moves downwards to the upper end surface of the float collar, holds the pressure again to the collision pressure value, and stabilizes the pressure for 5-7 minutes; and then the pressure of the cement truck is relieved, and after the inner cavity of the sleeve string is confirmed to not fall back, the cement truck continues to open and wait for solidification. (2) The traditional face seal is changed into the line seal by adopting the thin interlayer line seal packer, so that the total length of the packer is greatly shortened, the thin interlayer below 3m can be reliably sealed, fluid channeling is prevented, the well cementation quality of a Bao Geceng well is ensured, and the service life and the yield of an oil well are improved; the thin interlayer line is adopted to seal the packer, so that the packer is convenient to transport and easy to drop into a large well section of a dog leg, the requirement of the packer on the dog leg degree is reduced, and the application range is widened; (3) after the rubber plug opens the thin interlayer line sealing packer, the rubber barrel of the thin interlayer line sealing packer begins to expand outwards, the rubber plug is pushed to the annular pressure compensator and is pressed to a packer setting pressure value, and the pressure is insufficient for opening the annular pressure compensator so as to ensure that the rubber barrel of the thin interlayer line sealing packer continues to expand to realize setting on a well wall; (4) in the cement paste hydration and gelation process, a three-dimensional space net is formed in the cement paste, cement particles and a well wall and a sleeve are mutually overlapped to form a space grid structure, so that a part of the weight of the cement paste column is suspended on the well wall and the sleeve to generate a weightlessness effect; when the effective pressure of the slurry column is lower than the formation pressure, oil, gas and water in the formation invade into the shaft. When the rubber plug descends to the position close to the annular pressure compensator, the cement truck is used for continuously pressurizing at a small discharge capacity of 200L/min to enable the thin interlayer line to seal the packer, then the rubber plug is pushed to open the annular pressure compensator at the same small flow rate, so that the pressure agitation during the opening of the annular pressure compensator can be reduced, the formation is prevented from being leaked, the rubber plug is pushed to continuously descend by the small discharge capacity, additional pressure is applied to the annular bottom of the oil layer casing, the annular liquid column pressure drop caused by cement slurry weightlessness and the like during waiting and solidifying is compensated and increased, and formation fluid is limited to enter the annular space, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the well cementation quality. (5) The cement truck is depressurized, after the inner cavity of the sleeve string is confirmed to not return, the check performance of the floating hoop is reliable, and then the open-pressure waiting coagulation is continued, so that the safety and reliability of the well cementation process are ensured. (6) The opening pressure value of the annular pressure compensator is more than 5MPa greater than the setting pressure value of the thin interlayer line sealing packer, so that the annular pressure compensator can be opened for pressure compensation after the thin interlayer line sealing packer is completely set; (7) the invention can reliably solve the channeling prevention problem of the thin oil layer adjusting well through the cooperative use of the thin interlayer line sealing packer and the annular pressure compensator.
As an improvement of the invention, the thin interlayer line sealing packer comprises an upper joint and a central pipe, wherein the upper end of the upper joint is provided with a female thread which is screwed with the upper sleeve, and the upper end of the central pipe is screwed into the female thread at the lower end of the upper joint; the middle part cover of center tube is equipped with the packing element, the upper end of packing element is inlayed in the packing element support, the packing element support suit is in on the center tube, the top of packing element support with be equipped with elastic supporting mechanism between the lower terminal surface of top joint, the periphery at packing element axial middle part is equipped with twice packing element draw-in groove, inlay respectively in the packing element draw-in groove and be equipped with the shaping hoop, the interval certain distance between the twice shaping hoop, the lower terminal surface of packing element is equipped with hydraulic compression mechanism. The rubber cylinder is extruded upwards by the hydraulic compression mechanism, the whole rubber cylinder moves upwards and expands outwards, the upper end of the rubber cylinder is clamped in the rubber cylinder support to push the rubber cylinder support to slide upwards, and the rubber cylinder support is subjected to the reaction force of the elastic support mechanism, so that the two ends of the rubber cylinder are subjected to stable extrusion force; because the middle part of the rubber cylinder is provided with the two shaping hoops, the middle part of the rubber cylinder is clamped to prevent the rubber cylinder from expanding outwards, and an expansion ring similar to an abacus bead is formed above and below the two shaping hoops respectively; the two expansion rings respectively form a regular shape with high middle and low two sides, and as the upper side and the lower side of each expansion ring are reliably limited and supported, the two expansion rings cannot be distorted, the sealing line cannot move, the sealing line can play the role of two O-shaped sealing rings, double sealing is formed, and the sealing effect of the packer is effectively improved; the packer is enabled to make up for the reduction of the sealing effect caused by the movement of the sealing line without lengthening the length of the rubber cylinder. After the shaping hoop is arranged in the middle of the rubber cylinder and the elastic supporting mechanism is arranged above the rubber cylinder support, the length of the rubber cylinder is only about 1/3-1/5 of that of a conventional rubber cylinder of the separator, so that the whole length of the packer can be shortened to be below 1.2m, and the packer can completely be used for seat sealing of a thin interlayer with the thickness of below 3 m.
As a further improvement of the invention, the elastic supporting mechanism comprises a fixed ring and a spring steel supporting ring which are sleeved on the periphery of the central tube, the upper end of the fixed ring is propped against the lower end of the upper joint, the lower end of the fixed ring is provided with a fixed ring bell mouth, the root of the fixed ring bell mouth is communicated with an upward concave fixed ring annular groove, the upper end of the spring steel supporting ring is embedded in the fixed ring annular groove, a plurality of through grooves with open lower ends are uniformly distributed on the lower part of the spring steel supporting ring, so that a plurality of elastic flaps are formed on the lower part of the spring steel supporting ring, and the lower ends of the elastic flaps are outwards opened respectively. The fixed ring is abutted against the lower end of the upper joint to provide support for the spring steel support ring, when the rubber cylinder is extruded to push the rubber cylinder support to move upwards, each elastic flap is further opened in an umbrella shape, the annular groove of the fixed ring firmly fixes the whole circumferential part of the spring steel support ring, the bell mouth of the fixed ring provides space and limit for opening each elastic flap at the lower end of the spring steel support ring, and when the outer side of each elastic flap is attached to the bell mouth of the fixed ring, the maximum opening is reached, and uniform reaction force is provided for the rubber cylinder support and the rubber cylinder; meanwhile, when the rubber cylinder expands into an abacus bead shape, each evenly-opened elastic flap plays a role of a supporting bracket, and the supporting bracket are formed on the expansion ring of the rubber cylinder, so that the expansion ring keeps a regular abacus bead shape, the wire sealing on the same section is realized, and the reliable sealing effect is ensured.
As a further improvement of the invention, the upper end of the rubber cylinder support is provided with a rubber cylinder support conical inclined plane with a small upper part and a large lower part, the lower end of each elastic flap is respectively abutted against the circumference of the rubber cylinder support conical inclined plane, and the inclination angle of each rubber cylinder support conical inclined plane is equal to the inclination angle of the fixed ring bell mouth; the root periphery of each elastic flap is respectively provided with an elastic flap arc-shaped groove, and each elastic flap arc-shaped groove is positioned on the same circumference and positioned at the root of the fixed ring bell mouth. The lower ends of the elastic flaps respectively lean against the circumference of the conical inclined plane of the rubber cylinder support, so that when the rubber cylinder is extruded to push the rubber cylinder support to move upwards, the elastic flaps further open along the conical inclined plane of the rubber cylinder support, the elastic flaps exert reaction force on the conical inclined plane of the rubber cylinder support, and when the elastic flaps open to the inner side and are completely attached to the conical inclined plane of the rubber cylinder support, the outer sides of the elastic flaps are just attached to the horn mouth of the fixed ring, namely, the elastic flaps are opened to the maximum, and support the expansion ring of the rubber cylinder; the arc-shaped grooves of the elastic petals enable the bending parts of the elastic petals to be consistent, so that the roundness of a support formed after the elastic petals are opened is very high, and the shape of the rubber cylinder expansion ring can be ensured to be regular and stable by increasing.
As a further improvement of the invention, the lower part of the spring steel supporting ring is provided with a rubber protecting sleeve, the rubber protecting sleeve covers the periphery of each elastic flap, the periphery of the rubber protecting sleeve is level with the periphery of the fixed ring, and the upper end of the rubber protecting sleeve is embedded into the horn mouth of the fixed ring and the arc-shaped grooves of the elastic flaps; the part of the rubber protective sleeve, which is contacted with the lower edge of the fixed ring, is provided with a rubber protective sleeve annular groove. The periphery of the rubber protective sleeve is flush with the periphery of the fixing ring, so that the whole thin interlayer line sealing packer can smoothly slide down along with the sleeve; the rubber protective sleeve covers the elastic flaps, so that the protective effect can be achieved, and the lower ends of the elastic flaps are prevented from being damaged due to tilting caused by contact with foreign matters on the well wall in the process of descending the well; the upper end of the rubber protective sleeve is embedded into the arc-shaped groove of the elastic flap, so that the weakest part of the elastic flap is reinforced, and the opening of the elastic flap is not influenced; the annular groove of the rubber protective sleeve is convenient for the rubber protective sleeve to bend and deform at the position, so that the rubber protective sleeve is prevented from forming larger blocking force after being extruded.
As a further improvement of the invention, the hydraulic compression mechanism comprises a sliding sleeve which is embraced at the periphery of the central tube, the top of the sliding sleeve is supported below the lower end surface of the rubber cylinder, the inner peripheral wall of an inner step at the upper end of the sliding sleeve is sealed with the central tube through an O-shaped ring, the upper end of the sliding sleeve is provided with an outer step of the sliding sleeve, a rubber cylinder pressing cap is screwed on the outer step of the sliding sleeve, and the outer Zhou Chajie of the lower end of the rubber cylinder is arranged in the rubber cylinder pressing cap; the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve is provided with a central connecting pipe, the upper end of the central connecting pipe is screwed on a male thread at the lower end of the central pipe, the outer peripheral wall of the outer step at the upper end of the central connecting pipe is sealed with the inner wall of the sliding sleeve through an O-shaped ring, and the lower end of the central connecting pipe extends out from the lower end of the sliding sleeve; the space between the lower part of the inner step at the upper end of the sliding sleeve and the upper part of the outer step at the upper end of the central connecting pipe forms a hydraulic cavity of the sliding sleeve; the inner cavity of the lower port of the sliding sleeve is provided with an annular cavity, an elastic lock sleeve is arranged in the annular cavity, the elastic lock sleeve is embraced at the periphery of the central connecting pipe, the inner wall of the elastic lock sleeve is provided with female threads, the periphery of the lower end of the sliding sleeve is connected with a lock sleeve nut in a screwed mode, and an inner step of the lock sleeve nut abuts against the lower portion of the elastic lock sleeve; the periphery of the middle section of the central connecting pipe in the height direction is provided with a backstop lock tooth which can be matched with the female thread of the elastic lock sleeve. The lower end of the rubber cylinder is limited by the rubber cylinder pressure cap, so that the lower end head of the rubber cylinder is prevented from expanding outwards to protrude; when the sliding sleeve is lifted up against the rubber cylinder under the hydraulic action of the hydraulic cavity, the lock sleeve nut is lifted up along with the sliding sleeve to push the elastic lock sleeve to slide upwards along the outer wall of the central connecting pipe, the elastic lock sleeve is provided with an axial groove to enable the elastic lock sleeve to have certain deformability, and when the elastic lock sleeve is lifted up to be meshed with the anti-return lock teeth, the elastic lock sleeve is locked in a unidirectional way, the sliding sleeve only can upwards extrude the rubber cylinder, and even if the hydraulic force disappears, the sliding sleeve cannot slide down and loosen.
As a further improvement of the invention, at least two blind plugs are symmetrically inserted into the lower part of the central tube and the corresponding part of the hydraulic cavity along the radial direction, blind plug V-shaped grooves which are convenient for the blind plugs to break off neatly are arranged on the circumference of the blind plugs, the bottoms of the blind plug V-shaped grooves are flush with the inner wall of the central tube, the blind plugs are provided with half-depth holes which extend from outside to inside along the central line of the blind plugs, and the blind ends of the half-depth holes are closer to the axis of the central tube than the blind plug V-shaped grooves; the outer ends of the blind plugs are respectively pressed by the blind plug pressing covers, the blind plug pressing covers are respectively screwed into blind plug pressing cover threaded holes of the central connecting pipe, and the blind plug pressing covers are distributed with a plurality of semi-deep holes communicated with the blind plugs. After the blind plugs are inserted into the wall of the central pipe, the blind plug gland is screwed to compress the blind plugs, and before the blind plugs are broken, the hydraulic cavity is not communicated with the inner cavity of the central pipe, and at the moment, the thin interlayer line sealing packer is in a locking state, so that error expansion caused by unexpected work in the well descending process is prevented. After the rubber plug falls onto the blind plug, the drilling fluid pump is pressurized to the working pressure value of the packer, the rubber plug breaks the blind plug at the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the blind plug, drilling fluid in the inner cavity of the central tube enters the hydraulic cavity of the sliding sleeve through the semi-deep hole in the center of the blind plug and the gland through hole, hydraulic force of the hydraulic cavity pushes the sliding sleeve to ascend, and the rubber sleeve starts to expand. The rubber plug continues to descend to the annular pressure compensator to stay and boost to the packer setting pressure value, the rubber cylinder expands to the maximum, and setting is achieved at the sealing interlayer.
As a further improvement of the invention, the circumference of the lower end of the lock sleeve nut is screwed with a set screw, the inner end head of the set screw is embedded in a counter bore at the periphery of the central connecting pipe, a lock nut is supported below the lower end face of the lock sleeve nut, and the lock nut is screwed on the central connecting pipe. The lock sleeve nut can be locked on the central connecting pipe by screwing in the set screw, so that misoperation of the lock sleeve in the transportation process is prevented; the lock nut determines the bottom dead center of the sliding sleeve and prevents the sliding sleeve from slipping.
As a further improvement of the invention, the total length of the rubber cylinder is 300-350 mm, the width of the shaping hoop is 1/32-1/30 of the total length of the rubber cylinder, and the interval between the two shaping hoops is 1/16-1/15 of the total length of the rubber cylinder. Because of adopting reliable two-line sealing, the length of the rubber cylinder is only about 1/3-1/5 of that of a conventional rubber cylinder of the packer, so that the whole length of the packer can be shortened to be less than 1.2m, and the packer can completely play a role in seat sealing of a thin interlayer with the thickness of less than 3 m.
As a further improvement of the invention, the annular pressure compensator comprises a compensator upper connecting pipe and a compensator lower connecting pipe which are mutually connected in a rotating way, wherein the inner cavity of the compensator lower connecting pipe is provided with a constant pressure sleeve, the outer wall of the constant pressure sleeve is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the compensator lower connecting pipe, the outer wall of the constant pressure sleeve is symmetrically inserted with two constant pressure pins, the outer ends of the constant pressure pins are respectively inserted into a bushing, the lower end surfaces of the bushings are respectively supported on the inner steps of the compensator lower connecting pipe, and the inner diameters of the bushings, the compensator upper connecting pipe and the compensator lower connecting pipe are equal; the circumference of the constant pressure pin is provided with a constant pressure pin V-shaped groove which is convenient for the pin to be broken off in order, and the bottom of the constant pressure pin V-shaped groove is level with the inner wall of the bushing; the upper end of the bushing is provided with a bushing bell mouth with a large upper part and a small lower part, the upper end of the constant pressure sleeve protrudes out of the upper edge of the bushing bell mouth, and the upper port of the constant pressure sleeve is provided with a bowl mouth which is concave downwards. In the process of seating and sealing the thin interlayer line sealing packer at the sealing interlayer, the rubber plug falls on the constant pressure sleeve, the pressure of the rubber plug continuously increases to the opening pressure value of the annular pressure compensator by adopting small displacement, the constant pressure pin is cut off at the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the constant pressure pin, and the constant pressure sleeve can smoothly slide downwards after the constant pressure pin is cut off because the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the constant pressure pin is flush with the inner wall of the bushing; and applying additional pressure to the annulus below the sealing layer to compensate and increase the pressure drop of the annulus liquid column caused by cement slurry weightlessness and the like during waiting and condensing. After the rubber plug is pressed for several times, the lower end face of the rubber plug is easy to generate flash, the upper end of the constant pressure sleeve protrudes out of the upper edge of the horn mouth of the bushing, the flash at the lower end of the rubber plug is prevented from scratching the bushing, the horn mouth of the bushing at the upper end of the bushing is prevented from scratching the rubber plug, the bowl mouth of the upper port of the constant pressure sleeve just bears the lower end of the rubber plug, and the coaxial combination of the rubber plug and the constant pressure sleeve is facilitated.
Drawings
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description, which are provided for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 shows an operation state of a well cementing device of a thin spacer adjustment well of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a second operating state of the cementing device of the thin-barrier trim well of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a third working state of the well cementation device of the thin interlayer adjusting well.
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the thin barrier line seal packer of FIG. 1.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the portion i in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the area ii in fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the iii region in fig. 4.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the hollow pressure compensator in fig. 1.
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the portion IV of FIG. 8.
Fig. 10 is a quality diagram of a well after completion of the well cementation by the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a quality diagram of cementing after completion of cementing by a conventional apparatus for an adjacent well.
In the figure: A. sealing the packer by a thin interlayer line; B. a rubber plug; C. an annulus pressure compensator; D. a float collar; E. a float shoe; 1. an upper joint; 2. a central tube; 3. an elastic supporting mechanism; 3a, fixing rings; 3b, a spring steel support ring; 3b1, elastic petals; 3b2, arc grooves of the elastic flaps; 3c, a rubber protective sleeve; 3c1, an annular groove of the rubber protective sleeve; 4. a rubber cylinder support; 4a, conical inclined surfaces of the rubber cylinder support; 5. a rubber cylinder; 6. shaping the hoop; 7. the rubber cylinder presses the cap; 8. a sliding sleeve; seventhly, connecting the center pipe; 9a, a backstop locking tooth; 11. blind plugging; 11a, semi-deep holes; 11b, blindly plugging the V-shaped groove; 12. blind plugging of the gland; 12a, gland through holes; 13. an elastic lock sleeve; 14. a lock sleeve nut; 15. a set screw; 16. a lock nut; 17. the compensator is connected with the pipe; 18. a compensator lower connecting pipe; 19. a constant pressure sleeve; 19a, bowl opening; 20. a constant pressure pin; 21. a bushing; 21a, bushing flare.
Description of the embodiments
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the well cementation device of the thin interlayer adjusting well comprises a sleeve string positioned in a well hole, wherein a rubber plug B capable of moving downwards unidirectionally is arranged in an inner cavity of the sleeve string, a plurality of skirt edges are arranged on the circumference of the rubber plug B, the skirt edges are sealed with the inner wall of the sleeve string, a thin interlayer line sealing packer A is arranged at the lower part of the sleeve string, the position of the thin interlayer line sealing packer A corresponds to that of a thin interlayer of the well hole, an annular pressure compensator C is connected at the lower end of the thin interlayer line sealing packer A through a sleeve, a float collar D is connected at the lower end of the annular pressure compensator C through a sleeve, and a float shoe E is connected at the lower end of the float collar D through a sleeve.
The thin interlayer line sealing packer A comprises an upper joint 1 and a central pipe 2, wherein the upper end of the upper joint 1 is provided with female threads which are screwed with the upper sleeve, and the upper end of the central pipe 2 is screwed into the female threads at the lower end of the upper joint 1; the middle part cover of center tube 2 is equipped with packing element 5, and the upper end of packing element 5 is inlayed in packing element support 4, and packing element support 4 suit is on center tube 2, is equipped with elastic supporting mechanism 3 between the lower terminal surface of upper joint 1 and the top of packing element support 4, and the periphery at the axial middle part of packing element 5 is equipped with two packing element draw-in grooves, inlays respectively in the packing element draw-in groove and is equipped with shaping hoop 6, and the interval is a certain distance between two shaping hoops 6, and the lower terminal surface of packing element 5 is equipped with hydraulic compression mechanism.
The rubber cylinder 5 is extruded upwards by the hydraulic compression mechanism, the whole rubber cylinder 5 moves upwards and expands outwards, the upper end of the rubber cylinder 5 is clamped in the rubber cylinder support 4 to push the rubber cylinder support 4 to slide upwards, the rubber cylinder support 4 is subjected to the reaction force of the elastic support mechanism 3, and the two ends of the rubber cylinder 5 are subjected to stable extrusion force; because the middle part of the rubber tube 5 is provided with the two shaping hoops 6, the middle part of the rubber tube 5 is clamped so as not to expand outwards, and an expansion ring similar to an abacus bead is formed above and below the two shaping hoops 6 respectively; the two expansion rings respectively form a regular shape with high middle and low two sides, and as the upper side and the lower side of each expansion ring are reliably limited and supported, the two expansion rings cannot be distorted, the sealing line cannot move, the sealing line can play the role of two O-shaped sealing rings, double sealing is formed, and the sealing effect of the packer is effectively improved; the packer is enabled to make up for the reduction of the sealing effect caused by the movement of the sealing line without lengthening the length of the rubber cylinder. According to the invention, after the shaping hoop 6 is arranged in the middle of the rubber cylinder 5 and the elastic supporting mechanism 3 is arranged above the rubber cylinder support 4, the length of the rubber cylinder is only about 1/3-1/5 of that of a conventional rubber cylinder of the separator, so that the whole length of the packer can be shortened to be less than 1.2m, and the packer can fully play a role in sealing a thin interlayer with the thickness of less than 3 m.
The elastic supporting mechanism 3 comprises a fixed ring 3a and a spring steel supporting ring 3b which are sleeved on the periphery of the central tube 2, the upper end of the fixed ring 3a is propped against the lower end of the upper joint 1, the lower end of the fixed ring 3a is provided with a fixed ring bell mouth, the root of the fixed ring bell mouth is communicated with an upward concave fixed ring annular groove, the upper end of the spring steel supporting ring 3b is embedded in the fixed ring annular groove, a plurality of through grooves with open lower ends are uniformly distributed on the lower part of the spring steel supporting ring 3b, so that a plurality of elastic flaps 3b1 are formed on the lower part of the spring steel supporting ring 3b, and the lower ends of the elastic flaps 3b1 are respectively outwards opened.
The fixed ring 3a is abutted against the lower end of the upper joint 1 to provide support for the spring steel support ring 3b, when the rubber cylinder 5 is extruded to press against the rubber cylinder support 4 to move upwards, each elastic flap 3b1 is further opened in an umbrella shape, the whole circumferential part of the spring steel support ring 3b is firmly fixed by the annular groove of the fixed ring, a fixed ring bell mouth provides space and limit for opening each elastic flap 3b1 at the lower end of the spring steel support ring 3b, and when the outer side of each elastic flap 3b1 is attached to the fixed ring bell mouth, the maximum opening is reached, and uniform reaction force is provided for the rubber cylinder support 4 and the rubber cylinder 5; meanwhile, when the rubber cylinder 5 expands into an abacus bead shape, each evenly-opened elastic flap 3b1 plays a role of a supporting bracket, and forms a bearing and a supporting for an expansion ring of the rubber cylinder 5, so that the expansion ring keeps a regular abacus bead shape, line sealing is realized on the same section, and reliable sealing effect is ensured.
The upper end of the rubber cylinder support 4 is provided with a rubber cylinder support conical inclined surface 4a with a small upper part and a large lower part, the lower end of each elastic flap 3b1 is respectively abutted against the circumference of the rubber cylinder support conical inclined surface 4a, and the inclination angle of each rubber cylinder support conical inclined surface 4a is equal to the inclination angle of the fixed ring bell mouth; the root periphery of each elastic flap 3b1 is respectively provided with an elastic flap arc-shaped groove 3b2, and each elastic flap arc-shaped groove 3b2 is positioned on the same circumference and positioned at the root of the fixed ring bell mouth.
The lower ends of the elastic petals 3b1 are respectively abutted against the circumference of the conical inclined surface 4a of the rubber cylinder support, so that when the rubber cylinder 5 is extruded to push against the rubber cylinder support 4 to move upwards, the elastic petals 3b1 are further unfolded in an umbrella shape along the conical inclined surface 4a of the rubber cylinder support, the elastic petals 3b1 apply reaction force to the conical inclined surface 4a of the rubber cylinder support, and when the elastic petals 3b1 are unfolded to the inner side and are completely attached to the conical inclined surface 4a of the rubber cylinder support, the outer sides of the elastic petals 3b1 are just attached to a horn mouth of a fixed ring, namely, the elastic petals 3b1 are unfolded to the maximum, and support are formed for an expansion ring of the rubber cylinder 5; the arc-shaped grooves 3b2 of the elastic petals enable the bending parts of the elastic petals 3b1 to be consistent, the roundness of a support formed after the elastic petals 3b1 are opened is very high, and the shape of the expansion ring of the rubber cylinder can be ensured to be regular and stable by increasing.
The lower part of the spring steel supporting ring 3b is provided with a rubber protecting sleeve 3c, the rubber protecting sleeve 3c covers the periphery of each elastic flap 3b1, the periphery of the rubber protecting sleeve 3c is level with the periphery of the fixed ring 3a, and the upper end of the rubber protecting sleeve 3c is embedded into the fixed ring bell mouth and the arc-shaped grooves 3b2 of the elastic flaps; the rubber protection sleeve 3c is provided with a rubber protection sleeve annular groove 3c1 at the contact part with the lower edge of the fixed ring 3a.
The peripheral of the rubber protective sleeve 3c is flush with the peripheral of the fixed ring 3a, so that the whole thin interlayer line sealing packer A can smoothly slide down along with the sleeve; the rubber protective sleeve 3c covers the elastic flaps 3b1, so that the protective effect can be achieved, and the damage caused by tilting of the lower ends of the elastic flaps 3b1 when the lower ends of the elastic flaps contact with foreign matters on the well wall in the process of descending a well is prevented; the upper end of the rubber protective sleeve 3c is embedded into the arc-shaped groove 3b2 of the elastic flap, so that the weakest part of the elastic flap 3b1 is reinforced, and the opening of the elastic flap 3b1 is not influenced; the annular groove 3c1 of the rubber protective sleeve is convenient for bending and deforming the rubber protective sleeve 3c at the position, and the rubber protective sleeve 3c is prevented from forming larger blocking force after being extruded.
The hydraulic compression mechanism comprises a sliding sleeve 8 embracing the periphery of the central tube 2, the top of the sliding sleeve 8 is supported below the lower end face of the rubber tube 5, the inner peripheral wall of an inner step at the upper end of the sliding sleeve is sealed with the central tube 2 through an O-shaped ring, an outer step of the sliding sleeve is arranged at the upper end of the sliding sleeve 8, a rubber tube pressing cap 7 is screwed on the outer step of the sliding sleeve, and an outer Zhou Chajie of the lower end of the rubber tube 5 is arranged in the rubber tube pressing cap 7; the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve 8 is provided with a central connecting pipe 9, the upper end of the central connecting pipe 9 is screwed on a male thread at the lower end of the central pipe 2, the outer peripheral wall of the outer step at the upper end of the central connecting pipe 9 is sealed with the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 8 through an O-shaped ring, and the lower end of the central connecting pipe 9 extends out from the lower end of the sliding sleeve 8; the space between the lower part of the inner step at the upper end of the sliding sleeve and the upper part of the outer step at the upper end of the central connecting pipe forms a hydraulic cavity of the sliding sleeve 8; the inner cavity of the lower port of the sliding sleeve 8 is provided with an annular cavity, an elastic lock sleeve 13 is arranged in the annular cavity, the elastic lock sleeve 13 is held at the periphery of the central connecting pipe 9, the inner wall of the elastic lock sleeve 13 is provided with female threads, the periphery of the lower end of the sliding sleeve 8 is connected with a lock sleeve nut 14 in a screwed manner, and the inner step of the lock sleeve nut 14 is abutted against the lower part of the elastic lock sleeve 13; the middle section periphery of the central adapter tube 9 in the height direction is provided with a backstop lock tooth 9a which can be matched with the female thread of the elastic lock sleeve 13.
The lower end of the rubber cylinder 5 is limited by the rubber cylinder pressure cap 7, so that the lower end of the rubber cylinder 5 is prevented from expanding outwards to protrude; when the sliding sleeve 8 is propped against the rubber cylinder 5 under the hydraulic action of the hydraulic cavity, the lock sleeve nut 14 is upwards moved along with the sliding sleeve 8 to push the elastic lock sleeve 13 to upwards slide along the outer wall of the central connecting pipe 9, the elastic lock sleeve 13 is provided with an axial groove to enable the elastic lock sleeve 13 to have certain deformability, and when the elastic lock sleeve 13 is upwards moved to be meshed with the anti-return lock teeth 9a, the elastic lock sleeve 13 is unidirectionally locked, the sliding sleeve 8 only can upwards extrude the rubber cylinder 5, and even if the hydraulic force disappears, the sliding sleeve 8 cannot downwards slide and loosen.
At least two blind plugs 11 are symmetrically inserted in the lower part of the central tube 2 corresponding to the hydraulic cavity along the radial direction, blind plug V-shaped grooves 11b which are convenient for the blind plugs 11 to break neatly are arranged on the circumference of the blind plugs 11, the bottoms of the blind plug V-shaped grooves 11b are flush with the inner wall of the central tube 2, the blind plugs 11 are provided with half-depth holes 11a which extend from outside to inside along the blind plug central line, and the blind ends of the half-depth holes 11a are closer to the axis of the central tube 2 than the blind plug V-shaped grooves 11 b; the outer ends of the blind plugs 11 are respectively pressed by blind plug pressing covers 12, the blind plug pressing covers 12 are respectively screwed into blind plug pressing cover threaded holes of the central connecting pipe 9, and the blind plug pressing covers 12 are distributed with a plurality of semi-deep holes 11a communicated with the blind plugs 11.
After the blind plug 11 is inserted into the pipe wall of the central pipe 2, the blind plug gland 12 is screwed to compress the blind plug 11, before the blind plug 11 is broken, the hydraulic cavity is not communicated with the inner cavity of the central pipe, and at the moment, the thin interlayer line sealing packer A is in a locking state, so that error expansion caused by unexpected work in the well descending process is prevented. After the rubber plug B falls onto the blind plug 11, the drilling fluid pump is pressurized to the packer working pressure value, the rubber plug B breaks off the blind plug 11 at the bottom of the blind plug V-shaped groove 11B, drilling fluid in the inner cavity of the central tube enters the hydraulic cavity of the sliding sleeve 8 through the semi-deep hole 11a in the center of the blind plug and the gland through hole 12a, hydraulic force of the hydraulic cavity pushes the sliding sleeve 8 to ascend, and the rubber cylinder 5 starts to expand. The rubber plug B continues to descend to the annular pressure compensator C to stay and boost to the packer setting pressure value, the rubber sleeve 5 expands to the maximum, and setting is achieved at the sealing interlayer.
The circumference of the lower end of the lock sleeve nut 14 is screwed with a set screw 15, the inner end of the set screw 15 is embedded in a counter bore at the periphery of the central connecting pipe 9, a lock nut 16 is supported below the lower end surface of the lock sleeve nut 14, and the lock nut 16 is screwed on the central connecting pipe 9. The lock sleeve nut 14 can be locked on the central connecting pipe 9 by screwing the set screw 15, so that misoperation of the lock sleeve in the transportation process is prevented; the lock nut 16 defines the bottom dead center of the sliding sleeve 8 and prevents the sliding sleeve 8 from slipping off.
The total length of the rubber tube 5 is 300-350 mm, the width of the shaping hoop 6 is 1/32-1/30 of the total length of the rubber tube, and the interval between the two shaping hoops is 1/16-1/15 of the total length of the rubber tube. Because of adopting reliable two-line sealing, the length of the rubber cylinder is only about 1/3-1/5 of that of a conventional rubber cylinder of the packer, so that the whole length of the packer can be shortened to be less than 1.2m, and the packer can completely play a role in seat sealing of a thin interlayer with the thickness of less than 3 m.
The annular pressure compensator C comprises a compensator upper connecting pipe 17 and a compensator lower connecting pipe 18 which are mutually connected in a screwed mode, a constant pressure sleeve 19 is arranged in an inner cavity of the compensator lower connecting pipe 18, the outer wall of the constant pressure sleeve 19 is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the compensator lower connecting pipe 18, two constant pressure pins 20 are symmetrically inserted into the outer wall of the constant pressure sleeve 19, the outer ends of the constant pressure pins 20 are respectively inserted into a bushing 21, the lower end face of the bushing 21 is respectively supported on an inner step of the compensator lower connecting pipe 18, and the inner diameters of the bushing 21, the compensator upper connecting pipe 17 and the compensator lower connecting pipe 18 are equal; the circumference of the constant pressure pin 20 is provided with a constant pressure pin V-shaped groove which is convenient for the pin to be broken off in order, and the bottom of the constant pressure pin V-shaped groove is level with the inner wall of the bushing 21; the upper end of the bushing 21 is provided with a bushing bell mouth 21a with a large upper part and a small lower part, the upper end of the constant pressure sleeve 19 protrudes out of the upper edge of the bushing bell mouth 21a, and the upper port of the constant pressure sleeve 19 is provided with a bowl mouth 19a which is concave downwards.
In the process of seating and sealing the thin interlayer line sealing packer A at the sealing interlayer, the rubber plug B falls on the constant pressure sleeve 19, the pressure of the rubber plug B continuously increases to the opening pressure value of the annular pressure compensator C by adopting small displacement, the constant pressure pin 20 is cut off at the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the constant pressure pin, and the constant pressure pin 19 can smoothly slide down after the constant pressure pin 20 is cut off due to the fact that the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the constant pressure pin is flush with the inner wall of the bushing 21; and applying additional pressure to the annulus below the sealing layer to compensate and increase the pressure drop of the annulus liquid column caused by cement slurry weightlessness and the like during waiting and condensing. After the rubber plug B is pressed for several times, the lower end face of the rubber plug B is easy to generate flash, the upper end of the constant pressure sleeve 19 protrudes out of the upper edge of the bushing bell mouth 21a, the flash at the lower end of the rubber plug B is prevented from being scratched to the bushing 21, the bushing bell mouth 21a at the upper end of the bushing 21 is more prevented from being scratched by the rubber plug B, the bowl mouth 19a at the upper port of the constant pressure sleeve 19 just bears the lower end of the rubber plug B, and the coaxial combination of the rubber plug B and the constant pressure sleeve 19 is facilitated.
The working steps of the well cementation device of the invention are as follows: according to the well completion requirement, confirming a thin interlayer with the thickness of the sealing interlayer below 3m, and determining cement slurry quantity, drilling fluid quantity, packer working pressure value, packer setting pressure value, opening pressure value of an annular pressure compensator C and collision pressure value after a rubber plug B stops according to logging data and theoretical calculation, wherein the opening pressure value of the annular pressure compensator C is more than 5MPa of the setting pressure value of a thin interlayer line sealing packer A; a sleeve string is put in the well hole, and a thin interlayer line at the lower part of the sleeve string seals the packer A to a position corresponding to the thin interlayer; injecting flushing spacer fluid into the inner cavity of the casing string by using a cement truck to flush out the well wall, mud on the casing wall and loose mud cakes; injecting cement paste into the inner cavity of the sleeve string by using a cement truck; fifthly, placing a rubber plug B into the inner cavity of the casing string, then injecting drilling fluid into the casing string by using a drilling fluid pump to push the rubber plug B to descend, pressing out cement paste in the casing string by the rubber plug B downwards, and entering an annular area outside the casing from a floating shoe E; when the rubber plug B reaches the thin interlayer line sealing packer A, cement paste in the annular space reaches the upper part of the sealing interlayer; pressurizing the well drilling liquid pump to a packer working pressure value, opening the thin interlayer line sealing packer A by the rubber plug B, and then continuously pressurizing to a packer setting pressure value by adopting a cement truck with small displacement when the rubber plug B continuously descends to be close to the annular pressure compensator C, so that the thin interlayer line sealing packer A is set in a well wall at a sealing interlayer, and stabilizing the pressure for 3-5 minutes; continuously pressurizing the cement truck to the opening pressure value of the annular pressure compensator C with small displacement, so that the rubber plug B opens the annular pressure compensator C; the cement truck continues to push the rubber plug B to move downwards with small displacement, stops when the rubber plug B moves downwards to the upper end face of the float collar D, holds the pressure again to the collision pressure value, and stabilizes the pressure for 5-7 minutes; and (3) the pressure of the cement truck is relieved, and after the inner cavity of the sleeve string is confirmed to not fall back, the cement truck continues to open and wait for solidification.
First embodiment: the depth of the well is 1840m, the oil top is 1500m, the oil bottom is 1800m, and the cement return height is 1200m; the water injection pressure of the water injection well is above 19MPa, overflow occurs in the drilling process, the density of drilling fluid is 1.25g/cm, the sealing layer is positioned at 1608.07-1611.03 m, the well diameter is regular, and the well belongs to the well section of the mudstone layer; the nominal diameter of the sleeve is 5 micrometers ", the well cementation is carried out by adopting the process, the running position of the annular pressure compensator is 1822.74-1823.95 m, the distance from the bottom of the oil layer is about 23m, the lower depth of the floating hoop is 1832.00m, and the interval between the floating hoop and the floating shoe is 11m. The working pressure value of the packer is 9MPa, the setting pressure value of the packer is 12MPa, the opening pressure value of the annular pressure compensator is 22.6MPa, and the collision pressure value after the rubber plug is stopped is 10.5MPa.
Step four, injecting cement paste 24.53m into the inner cavity of the casing string by using a cement truck, wherein the average density is 1.92 g/cm; step five, performing step five, namely co-injection of 19.8m drilling fluid with a density of 1.25g/cm and a relative viscosity of 44 seconds (the time of flowing through a Markov funnel viscometer); and (3) when the rubber plug descends below the step (F) and the float collar stops, continuously injecting cement slurry with the diameter of 2.4m, and enabling the small displacement of the cement truck below the step (F) to be 200L/min.
FIG. 10 is a mass chart of a well cementation using the method of the present invention, as compared to the mass chart of a well cementation using the conventional method of operation for the adjacent well of FIG. 11, as follows: the rightmost area in the quality chart is a uniform black area, and a comparative example is a blank which is nonuniform and is not connected; the third column on the right in the quality diagram is a uniform straight line, and the third column on the right in the comparison example shows a discontinuous line, so that the well cementation method has obvious effect on improving the well cementation quality.
The foregoing description is only of a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition to the embodiments described above, other embodiments of the invention are possible. All technical schemes formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the invention. The technical features of the present invention that are not described may be implemented by or using the prior art, and are not described herein.
Claims (9)
1. The well cementation device of the thin interlayer adjusting well comprises a sleeve string positioned in a well hole, and is characterized in that a rubber plug capable of moving downwards unidirectionally is arranged in an inner cavity of the sleeve string, a plurality of skirt edges are arranged on the circumference of the rubber plug, the skirt edges are sealed with the inner wall of the sleeve string, a thin interlayer line sealing packer is arranged at the lower part of the sleeve string, the thin interlayer line sealing packer corresponds to the position of the thin interlayer of the well hole, an annular pressure compensator is connected at the lower end of the thin interlayer line sealing packer through a sleeve, a float collar is connected at the lower end of the annular pressure compensator through a sleeve, and a float shoe is connected at the lower end of the float collar through a sleeve;
the thin interlayer line sealing packer comprises an upper joint and a central pipe, wherein the upper end of the upper joint is provided with female threads which are screwed with the upper sleeve, and the upper end of the central pipe is screwed in the female threads at the lower end of the upper joint; the middle part cover of center tube is equipped with the packing element, the upper end of packing element is inlayed in the packing element support, the packing element support suit is in on the center tube, the top of packing element support with be equipped with elastic supporting mechanism between the lower terminal surface of top joint, the periphery at packing element axial middle part is equipped with twice packing element draw-in groove, inlay respectively in the packing element draw-in groove and be equipped with the shaping hoop, the interval certain distance between the twice shaping hoop, the lower terminal surface of packing element is equipped with hydraulic compression mechanism.
2. The thin gauge wells cementing apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the elastic supporting mechanism comprises a fixed ring and a spring steel supporting ring which are sleeved on the periphery of the central tube, the upper end of the fixed ring is propped against the lower end of the upper joint, a fixed ring bell mouth is arranged at the lower end of the fixed ring, the root of the fixed ring bell mouth is communicated with an upward concave fixed ring annular groove, the upper end of the spring steel supporting ring is embedded in the fixed ring annular groove, a plurality of through grooves with openings at the lower end are uniformly distributed at the lower part of the spring steel supporting ring, so that a plurality of elastic flaps are formed at the lower part of the spring steel supporting ring, and the lower ends of the elastic flaps are outwards opened respectively.
3. The thin gauge wells cementing apparatus of claim 2 wherein: the upper end of the rubber cylinder support is provided with a rubber cylinder support conical inclined plane with a small upper part and a large lower part, the lower end of each elastic flap is respectively abutted against the circumference of the rubber cylinder support conical inclined plane, and the inclination angle of each rubber cylinder support conical inclined plane is equal to the inclination angle of the fixed ring bell mouth; the root periphery of each elastic flap is respectively provided with an elastic flap arc-shaped groove, and each elastic flap arc-shaped groove is positioned on the same circumference and positioned at the root of the fixed ring bell mouth.
4. A thin gauge shaft cementing apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein: the lower part of the spring steel support ring is provided with a rubber protection sleeve, the rubber protection sleeve covers the periphery of each elastic flap, the periphery of the rubber protection sleeve is level with the periphery of the fixing ring, and the upper end of the rubber protection sleeve is embedded into the horn mouth of the fixing ring and the arc-shaped grooves of the elastic flaps; the part of the rubber protective sleeve, which is contacted with the lower edge of the fixed ring, is provided with a rubber protective sleeve annular groove.
5. The thin gauge wells cementing apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the hydraulic compression mechanism comprises a sliding sleeve which is embraced at the periphery of the central tube, the top of the sliding sleeve is supported below the lower end face of the rubber cylinder, the inner peripheral wall of an inner step at the upper end of the sliding sleeve is sealed with the central tube through an O-shaped ring, the upper end of the sliding sleeve is provided with an outer step of the sliding sleeve, a rubber cylinder pressing cap is screwed on the outer step of the sliding sleeve, and the outer Zhou Chajie of the lower end of the rubber cylinder is arranged in the rubber cylinder pressing cap; the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve is provided with a central connecting pipe, the upper end of the central connecting pipe is screwed on a male thread at the lower end of the central pipe, the outer peripheral wall of the outer step at the upper end of the central connecting pipe is sealed with the inner wall of the sliding sleeve through an O-shaped ring, and the lower end of the central connecting pipe extends out from the lower end of the sliding sleeve; the space between the lower part of the inner step at the upper end of the sliding sleeve and the upper part of the outer step at the upper end of the central connecting pipe forms a hydraulic cavity of the sliding sleeve; the inner cavity of the lower port of the sliding sleeve is provided with an annular cavity, an elastic lock sleeve is arranged in the annular cavity, the elastic lock sleeve is embraced at the periphery of the central connecting pipe, the inner wall of the elastic lock sleeve is provided with female threads, the periphery of the lower end of the sliding sleeve is connected with a lock sleeve nut in a screwed mode, and an inner step of the lock sleeve nut abuts against the lower portion of the elastic lock sleeve; the periphery of the middle section of the central connecting pipe in the height direction is provided with a backstop lock tooth which can be matched with the female thread of the elastic lock sleeve.
6. The thin gauge wells cementing apparatus of claim 5 wherein: at least two blind plugs are symmetrically inserted into the lower part of the central tube and the corresponding part of the hydraulic cavity along the radial direction, blind plug V-shaped grooves which are convenient for the blind plugs to break off neatly are arranged on the circumference of the blind plugs, the bottoms of the blind plug V-shaped grooves are flush with the inner wall of the central tube, the blind plugs are provided with half-depth holes which extend from outside to inside along the blind plug central line, and the blind ends of the half-depth holes are closer to the axis of the central tube than the blind plug V-shaped grooves; the outer ends of the blind plugs are respectively pressed by the blind plug press caps, the blind plug press caps are respectively screwed into the blind plug press cap threaded holes of the central connecting pipe, and the blind plug press caps are provided with a plurality of press cap through holes communicated with the blind plug half-deep holes.
7. The thin gauge wells cementing apparatus of claim 6 wherein: the lower end circumference of the lock sleeve nut is screwed with a set screw, the inner end head of the set screw is embedded in a counter bore at the periphery of the central connecting pipe, a lock nut is supported below the lower end face of the lock sleeve nut, and the lock nut is screwed on the central connecting pipe.
8. The thin gauge wells cementing apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the total length of the rubber cylinder is 300-350 mm, the width of the shaping hoop is 1/32-1/30 of the total length of the rubber cylinder, and the interval between the two shaping hoops is 1/16-1/15 of the total length of the rubber cylinder.
9. The thin gauge wells cementing apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the annular pressure compensator comprises an upper compensator connecting pipe and a lower compensator connecting pipe which are mutually connected in a screwed mode, a constant pressure sleeve is arranged in an inner cavity of the lower compensator connecting pipe, the outer wall of the constant pressure sleeve is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the lower compensator connecting pipe, two constant pressure pins are symmetrically inserted into the outer wall of the constant pressure sleeve, the outer ends of the constant pressure pins are respectively inserted into a bushing, the lower end faces of the bushings are respectively supported on the inner steps of the lower compensator connecting pipe, and the inner diameters of the bushings, the upper compensator connecting pipe and the lower compensator connecting pipe are equal; the circumference of the constant pressure pin is provided with a constant pressure pin V-shaped groove which is convenient for the pin to be broken off in order, and the bottom of the constant pressure pin V-shaped groove is level with the inner wall of the bushing; the upper end of the bushing is provided with a bushing bell mouth with a large upper part and a small lower part, the upper end of the constant pressure sleeve protrudes out of the upper edge of the bushing bell mouth, and the upper port of the constant pressure sleeve is provided with a bowl mouth which is concave downwards.
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