CN107502894A - A kind of environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel and preparation method thereof and glossing - Google Patents
A kind of environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel and preparation method thereof and glossing Download PDFInfo
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- CN107502894A CN107502894A CN201710726596.7A CN201710726596A CN107502894A CN 107502894 A CN107502894 A CN 107502894A CN 201710726596 A CN201710726596 A CN 201710726596A CN 107502894 A CN107502894 A CN 107502894A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F3/00—Brightening metals by chemical means
- C23F3/04—Heavy metals
- C23F3/06—Heavy metals with acidic solutions
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel and preparation method thereof and glossing, the environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel includes strong oxidizer, corrosive acid, compounding complexing agent, corrosion inhibiter, rare earth addition, viscosity modifier, brightener, defoamer, surfactant, NOxRemover, deionized water.The polishing fluid stability is good, service life length, prepares polishing fluid and processing stainless steel art is simple, the stainless steel surfaces after processing are smooth, No oxided film, no spot corrosion, minute surface are splendid, and polishing time, compared with section, nonirritant gas produces during use, and polishing fluid can be recycled for multiple times.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metal surface treatment technology, and in particular to a kind of chemical polishing solution for stainless steel, system
Preparation Method and glossing.
Background technology
As the improvement of people's living standards, stainless steel products it is just more and more extensive be used for chemical industry, oil, household electrical appliances, five
The fields such as gold, food, machine-building, and the requirement more and more higher of stainless steel products, it is not only durable in use, also to reach outward appearance
Minute surface, light, fine and smooth pleasing effect.
The method of currently used polishing stainless steel mainly has（1）Electrochemical polish, although electrochemical polish excellent,
But energy consumption is higher, for complex parts, not only need special fixtures, and for anode, negative electrode, blind hole requirement compared with
Height, for blind hole, because bore area is low current density area, satisfied polishing effect can not be obtained in its inner surface,
And because electric force lines distribution is uneven, easily polishing effect is different inside and outside appearance；（2）Mechanical polishing；The general pollution of mechanical polishing
It is larger, more are required to crew numbers, it is necessary first to high temperature pickling to remove oxide and the black slag of grey film, secondly set with polishing
Standby polishing, finally to polishing substandard product, such as oxide skin and welding residue, thrown using artificial buffering lathe and green
Light cream polishes；（3）Chemical polishing：Chemical polishing cost is low, to stainless steel products geometry no requirement (NR), can reach bright in mirror surface
Requirement, and it is simple to work, and energy consumption is relatively low.
From the point of view of in the process that chemical polishing is chemically reacted, two courses of reaction are broadly divided into：
（a）Oxidation reaction：Metal ion is first oxidized to metal oxide in the presence of oxidant: M→MxOy；
（b）Corrosion reaction：Being corroded property of metal oxide acid solution dissolves, so as to have the function that metal surface selective dissolution,
MxOy+H+→Mn++H2。
As can be seen here, a kind of effective chemical polishing solution is made up of oxidant, corrosive agent and additive.Commercially available polishing
Liquid mainly has following several types：Sulfuric acid type chemical polishing solution, phosphatic type chemical polishing solution, dichromic acid acid and its salt series, mistake
Hydrogen oxide series, each type of polishing fluid has the advantages of respective, as sulfuric acid polishing fluid due to that will not volatilize produces smog, easily
In the demand for reaching environmental protection, phosphoric acid can form mucous membrane, the need for liquidity for the polishing fluid that is content with very little, per species in metal surface
The polishing fluid of type has the shortcomings that respective, and as hydrogen peroxide decomposes comparatively fast in hot environment, and the life-span to be present universal for polishing fluid
It is not long, stability of solution is poor, technological parameter is unmanageable, chemical polishing solution is difficult to safeguard, liquid waste processing amount greatly and is produced into
The problems such as this is higher.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel and preparation method thereof and buffer
Skill.The environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel includes：
Strong oxidizer：NaNO3 40~60g/L、HNO310 ~ 20ml/L and H3PO4100~120ml/L；
Corrosive acid：HCl 50~100ml/L；
Compound complexing agent：1-hydroxy ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and ammonium acid fluoride, mass ratio 1:(1.5 ~ 2), 12 ~ 15g/L of total amount；
Corrosion inhibiter：Na2MoO4 .10H2O, 2 ~ 3g/L；
Rare earth addition：La(NO3)3 .6H2O, 1 ~ 1.5g/L, wherein rare earth addition and corrosion inhibiter usage ratio are 1:2；
Viscosity modifier：One or more in polyethylene glycol, propane diols, gelatin, 4 ~ 8g/L；
Brightener：One or more in sulfosalicylic acid, saccharin, sulfanilamide (SN) and BTA, 3 ~ 7g/L；
Defoamer：0.1 ~ 1g/ of one or more in organic silicon defoamer, polyether-modified silicon defoaming agent or higher alcohols defoamer
L；
Surfactant：One or more 0.1 in dodecyl sodium sulfate, sldium lauryl sulfate, sorbester p18, polysorbate60 ~
1g/L, 5-7g/L；
NOxRemover：The ethanol solution of 1600 ~ 2000 mesh amargosites, 3 ~ 10g/L；
Remaining as deionized water.
The glossing of the brightening solution for stainless steel comprises the following steps：Polishing removes matrix burr-deionized water is washed-and got rid of
Dry-degreasing-deionized water washing-activation-deionized water washing-chemical polishing-deionized water washing-neutralization-washing-drying-
Dehydrogenation-natural cooling.
The degreaser that skimming processes use includes 50 ~ 90g/L of NaOH, Na2CO315~250g/L、Na3PO4 .12H2O 40~
60g/L and OP emulsifying agent 0.5-1g/L, skimming temp 30-50oC, 10 ~ 15min of time, using immersion way.
The activating solution that activation step uses includes the aqueous sulfuric acid that percent by volume is 15%-20%, temperature 30-50
DEG C, time 1-2min, using immersion way.
Chemical polishing step is that stainless steel sample is placed in into 5 ~ 15min of immersion in polishing fluid.
The neutralizer that neutralization procedure uses includes 2 ~ 7wt.% NaOH or Na2CO3, 10 ~ 15min, temperature normal temperature, using leaching
Bubble mode.
Step is wherein dried up to dry up for air-cooler.
Stainless steel after drying is is put into electrothermal oven by dehydrogenation step in 30min, heating rate 5oC/min, reach
To 180 ~ 200oConstant temperature 24h during C, natural cooling.
Present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel, its step is：（1）Screen mill amargosite
Particle, 1600 ~ 2000 mesh, is then dissolved in ethanol, proper amount of surfactant is added, in 50-70o2h is stirred by ultrasonic under C, obtains
A liquid；（2）By Na2MoO4 .10H2O、La(NO3)3 .6H2O, viscosity modifier, defoamer, ammonium acid fluoride, surfactant add successively
Enter in deionized water, stir 20 ~ 30min, then sequentially add NaNO3、HNO3、H3PO4, HCl, 1-hydroxy ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and light
Bright dose, closed reactor, 20 ~ 30min is persistently stirred, obtain B liquid；（3）A liquid is mixed with B liquid, 20 ~ 30min of closed stirring,
Obtain environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel, wherein surfactant be selected from dodecyl sodium sulfate, sldium lauryl sulfate, sorbester p18 or
One or more in polysorbate60, the one kind or more of brightener in sulfosalicylic acid, saccharin, sulfanilamide (SN) or BTA
Kind, wherein one or more of the defoamer in organic silicon defoamer, polyether-modified silicon defoaming agent or higher alcohols defoamer, glue
Spend one or more of the conditioning agent in polyethylene glycol, propane diols or gelatin.
Beneficial effect
The invention provides a kind of environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel and preparation method thereof and glossing, the polishing fluid stability
Good, service life length, prepares polishing fluid and processing stainless steel art is simple, and the stainless steel surfaces after processing are smooth, No oxided film,
Without spot corrosion, minute surface is splendid, and polishing time, compared with section, nonirritant gas is produced during use, and polishing fluid, which can be circulated repeatedly, to be made
With.
Embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, below by several embodiments, the present invention is further described, and embodiment is served only for
The present invention is explained, any restriction will not be formed to invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel, it is characterised in that the polishing fluid includes：
Strong oxidizer：NaNO3 40g/L、HNO310ml/L and H3PO4100ml/L；
Corrosive acid：HCl 50ml/L；
Compound complexing agent：1-hydroxy ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and ammonium acid fluoride, mass ratio 1:1.5, total amount 12g/L；
Corrosion inhibiter：Na2MoO4 .10H2O, 2g/L；
Rare earth addition：La(NO3)3 .6H2O, 1g/L；
Viscosity modifier：Polyethylene glycol, 4g/L；
Brightener：Sulfosalicylic acid, 3g/L；
Defoamer：Organic silicon defoamer, 0.1g/L；
Surfactant：Dodecyl sodium sulfate, 5g/L；
NOxRemover：The ethanol solution of 1600 ~ 2000 mesh amargosites, 3g/L；
Remaining as deionized water.
The method and step for preparing polishing fluid is：（1）Screen mill amargosite particle, its fineness is set to be 1600 ~ 2000 mesh, Ran Hourong
In ethanol, proper amount of surfactant is added, in 50-70o2h is stirred by ultrasonic in C, obtains A liquid；（2）By Na2MoO4 .10H2O、La
(NO3)3 .6H2O, viscosity modifier, defoamer, ammonium acid fluoride, surfactant are sequentially added in deionized water, and stirring 20 ~
30min, then sequentially add NaNO3、HNO3、H3PO4, HCl, 1-hydroxy ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and brightener, closed reactor, continue
20 ~ 30min is stirred, obtains B liquid；（3）A liquid is mixed with B liquid, 20 ~ 30min of closed stirring, obtain environment-friendly type stainless steel polishing
Liquid.
Its step of glossing is as follows：Polishing except deburring-deionized water washing-drying-degreasing-deionized water washing-
Activation-deionized water washing-chemical polishing-deionized water washing-neutralization-washing-drying-dehydrogenation-natural cooling；Wherein degreasing
The degreaser that process uses includes 50 ~ 90g/L of NaOH, Na2CO315~250g/L、Na3PO4 .12H2O 40 ~ 60g/L and OP are emulsified
Agent 0.5-1g/L, skimming temp 30-50oC, 10 ~ 15min of time, using immersion way；The activating solution that wherein activation step uses
Including the aqueous sulfuric acid that percent by volume is 15%-20%, temperature is 30-50 DEG C, time 1-2min, using immersion way；
Wherein chemical polishing step is that stainless steel sample is placed in into 5 ~ 15min of immersion in polishing fluid；The neutralizer bag that neutralization procedure uses
Include 2 ~ 7wt.% NaOH or Na2CO3, 10 ~ 15min, temperature normal temperature, using immersion way；Step is dried up to dry up for air-cooler；Remove
Stainless steel after drying is is put into electrothermal oven by hydrogen step in 30min, heating rate 5oC/min, reach 180 ~ 200oC
Shi Hengwen 24h, natural cooling, if necessary, the stainless steel after dehydrogenation carry out painting oil guard.
Embodiment 2
A kind of environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel, it is characterised in that the polishing fluid includes：
Strong oxidizer：NaNO3 50g/L、HNO320ml/L and H3PO4110ml/L；
Corrosive acid：HCl 80ml/L；
Compound complexing agent：1-hydroxy ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and ammonium acid fluoride, mass ratio 1:1.5, total amount 13g/L；
Corrosion inhibiter：Na2MoO4 .10H2O, 2.6g/L；
Rare earth addition：La(NO3)3 .6H2O, 1.3g/L；
Viscosity modifier：Gelatin, 6g/L；
Brightener：Saccharin, 4.5g/L；
Defoamer：Higher alcohols defoamer 0.5g/L；
Surfactant：Sorbester p18,6g/L；
NOxRemover：The ethanol solution of 1600 ~ 2000 mesh amargosites, 3 ~ 10g/L；
Remaining as deionized water.
Embodiment 3
A kind of environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel, it is characterised in that the polishing fluid includes：
Strong oxidizer：NaNO3 50g/L、HNO315ml/L and H3PO4110ml/L；
Corrosive acid：HCl 75ml/L；
Compound complexing agent：1-hydroxy ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and ammonium acid fluoride, mass ratio 1:1.75, total amount 13.5g/L；
Corrosion inhibiter：Na2MoO4 .10H2O, 2.5g/L；
Rare earth addition：La(NO3)3 .6H2O, 1.25g/L；
Viscosity modifier：Propane diols, 6g/L；
Brightener：Sulfanilamide (SN), 5g/L；
Defoamer：Polyether-modified silicon defoaming agent, 0.5g/L；
Surfactant：Sldium lauryl sulfate, 6g/L；
NOx removers：The ethanol solution of the following amargosite of 1600 ~ 2000 mesh, 6g/L；
Remaining as deionized water.
Embodiment 4
A kind of environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel, it is characterised in that the polishing fluid includes：
Strong oxidizer：NaNO3 60g/L、HNO320ml/L and H3PO4120ml/L；
Corrosive acid：HCl 100ml/L；
Compound complexing agent：1-hydroxy ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and ammonium acid fluoride, mass ratio 1:2,15g/L；
Corrosion inhibiter：Na2MoO4 .10H2O, 3g/L；
Rare earth addition：La(NO3)3 .6H2O, 1.5g/L；
Viscosity modifier：Gelatin, 4 ~ 8g/L；
Brightener：BTA, 7g/L；
Defoamer：Higher alcohols defoamer, 0.1 ~ 1g/L；
Surfactant：Polysorbate60,7g/L；
NOx removers：The ethanol solution of 1600 ~ 2000 mesh amargosites, 10g/L；
Remaining as deionized water.
Influence of the strong oxidizer to quality of finish（Polishing fluid other components are constant）：
The effect of oxidant is on the one hand surface metal oxidization can effectively be suppressed entering for chemical reaction into metal oxide
Journey, enables the metal on surface equably to be corroded, and on the other hand contributes to the progress of next step corrosion reaction, contributes to table
The rapid generation of the region reaction of face microscopic protrusions, nitric acid is conventional metal onidiges, but nitric acid belongs to volatile acid, and instead
NO is easily produced during answeringX, thus generally substituted by sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate and be used as oxidant, it so can effectively prevent from stimulating
The generation of property gas, but the oxidation effectiveness of nitrate is again below nitric acid, and the use of nitric acid can improve corruption to a certain extent
The dosage of agent is lost, in order to not reduce oxidation susceptibility, and does not produce NOX, we are compounded using sodium nitrate and nitric acid.Phosphoric acid is a kind of
Middle strong acid, it is main to play leveling and light, one layer of white phposphate film is generated in polishing process, the film can effectively hinder
Hinder the diffusion of metal surface and solution, slow down so that corrosion of metal is relative, with change the roughness of stainless steel surfaces and
Brightness, it is finally reached the state of planarization surface.
Influence of the complexing agent to quality of finish（Polishing fluid other components are constant）：
Metal ion present in amargosite or stainless steel（Non- iron ion）The stability of polishing fluid can be impacted, therefore needed
The complexing agent of stable comple can be formed with heavy metal by being added in polishing fluid, and 1-hydroxy ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and ammonium acid fluoride are
Complexing agent, wherein ammonium acid fluoride have the complexation strength being well suited for the Fe ions in oxide-film in polishing fluid.
Influence of the corrosion inhibiter to quality of finish（Polishing fluid other components are constant）：
Corrosion inhibiter is mainly responsible for suppressing the process of chemical attack, avoids metal from occurring due to the strong corrosion effect of corrosive agent
There is spot corrosion in the phenomenon of corrosion, is compounded using inorganic sodium molybdate and rare earth addition, is advantageous to be formed in metal surface closely
Adsorption layer, rare earth addition have booster action for the corrosion mitigating effect of sodium molybdate in itself without corrosion mitigating effect, can produced excellent
Slow release effect.
Influence of remaining additive to quality of finish（1）：
Influence of the additive to polishing effect（2）：
Above-mentioned environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel, stability is good, service life length, prepares polishing fluid and processing stainless steel art letter
Single, the stainless steel surfaces after processing are smooth, No oxided film, and no spot corrosion, minute surface is splendid, and polishing time is compared with section, during use
Nonirritant gas produces, and polishing fluid can be recycled for multiple times.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention with made under principle change, modification, replacement, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel, it is characterised in that the polishing fluid includes：
Strong oxidizer：NaNO3 40~60g/L、HNO310 ~ 20ml/L and H3PO4100~120ml/L；
Corrosive acid：HCl 50~100ml/L；
Compound complexing agent：1-hydroxy ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and ammonium acid fluoride, mass ratio 1:(1.5 ~ 2), 12 ~ 15g/L of total amount；
Corrosion inhibiter：Na2MoO4 .10H2O, 2 ~ 3g/L；
Rare earth addition：La(NO3)3 .6H2O, 1 ~ 1.5g/L, wherein rare earth addition and corrosion inhibiter ratio are 1:2；
Viscosity modifier：One or more in polyethylene glycol, propane diols, gelatin, 4 ~ 8g/L；
Brightener：One or more in sulfosalicylic acid, saccharin, sulfanilamide (SN) and BTA, 3 ~ 7g/L；
Defoamer：0.1 ~ 1g/ of one or more in organic silicon defoamer, polyether-modified silicon defoaming agent or higher alcohols defoamer
L；
Surfactant：One or more in dodecyl sodium sulfate, sldium lauryl sulfate, sorbester p18, polysorbate60,5-7g/
L；
NOxRemover：The ethanol solution of 1600 ~ 2000 mesh amargosites, 3 ~ 10g/L；
Remaining as deionized water.
2. a kind of environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the polishing fluid includes：
Strong oxidizer：NaNO3 50g/L、HNO320ml/L and H3PO4110ml/L；
Corrosive acid：HCl 80ml/L；
Compound complexing agent：1-hydroxy ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and ammonium acid fluoride, mass ratio 1:1.5,13g/L；
Corrosion inhibiter：Na2MoO4 .10H2O, 2.6g/L；
Rare earth addition：La(NO3)3 .6H2O, 1.3g/L；
Viscosity modifier：Gelatin, 6g/L；
Brightener：Saccharin, 4.5g/L；
Defoamer：Higher alcohols defoamer, 0.5g/L；
Surfactant：Sorbester p18,6g/L；
NOx removers：The ethanol solution of 1600 ~ 2000 mesh amargosites, 3 ~ 10g/L；
Remaining as deionized water.
3. a kind of preparation method of environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that including following
Step：（1）Screen mill amargosite particle, it is 1600-2000 mesh to make its fineness, is then dissolved in ethanol, adds appropriate surface-active
Agent, in 50-70o2h is stirred by ultrasonic in C, obtains A liquid；（2）By Na2MoO4 .10H2O、La(NO3)3 .6H2O, viscosity modifier, defoaming
Agent, ammonium acid fluoride, surfactant are sequentially added in deionized water, are stirred 20 ~ 30min, are then sequentially added NaNO3、HNO3、
H3PO4, HCl, 1-hydroxy ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and brightener, closed reactor, persistently stir 20 ~ 30min, obtain B liquid；（3）By A liquid
Mixed with B liquid, 20 ~ 30min of closed stirring, obtain environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel, wherein surfactant is selected from dodecyl
One or more in sodium sulfonate, sldium lauryl sulfate, sorbester p18 or polysorbate60, wherein brightener are selected from sulfosalicylic acid, sugar
One or more in essence, sulfanilamide (SN) or BTA, wherein defoamer are selected from organic silicon defoamer, polyether-modified silicon defoaming agent
Or the one or more in higher alcohols defoamer, the wherein one kind of viscosity modifier in polyethylene glycol, propane diols or gelatin
It is or a variety of.
4. a kind of glossing of environment-friendly type brightening solution for stainless steel as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that including as follows
Step：Polishing removing matrix burr-deionized water washing-drying-degreasing-deionized water washing-activation-deionized water washing-
Chemical polishing-deionized water washing-neutralization-washing-drying-dehydrogenation-natural cooling；
The degreaser that wherein skimming processes use includes 50 ~ 90g/L of NaOH, Na2CO315~250g/L、Na3PO4 .12H2O 40~
60g/L and OP emulsifying agent 0.5-1g/L, using immersion way, skimming temp 30-50oC, 10 ~ 15min of time；
The activating solution that wherein activation step uses includes the aqueous sulfuric acid that percent by volume is 15%-20%, using immersion way,
Temperature is 30-50 DEG C, time 1-2min；
Wherein chemical polishing step is that stainless steel sample is placed in into 5 ~ 15min of immersion in polishing fluid；
The neutralizer that wherein neutralization procedure uses includes 2 ~ 7wt.% NaOH or Na2CO3, using immersion way, the time 10 ~
15min, temperature normal temperature；
Step is wherein dried up to dry up for air-cooler；
Wherein the stainless steel after drying is is put into electrothermal oven by dehydrogenation step in 30min, heating rate 5oC/min, reach
180~200oConstant temperature 24h during C, natural cooling, if necessary, the stainless steel after dehydrogenation carry out painting oil guard.
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