CN107500624A - A kind of water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107500624A CN107500624A CN201710726627.9A CN201710726627A CN107500624A CN 107500624 A CN107500624 A CN 107500624A CN 201710726627 A CN201710726627 A CN 201710726627A CN 107500624 A CN107500624 A CN 107500624A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to building materials technology field, more particularly to a kind of water-permeable brick；Raw material forms parts by weight：40~60 parts of gangue, 80~120 parts of rare earth tailings, 40~60 parts of rubble, 20~40 parts of red mud, attapulgite modified 20~30 parts, 20~30 parts of surfactant, 35~45 parts of bonding agent；Water-permeable brick prepared by the present invention, with good water permeability, the bonding agent of rational proportion is added in blending process, so that it is effectively combined between feed components, improve the degree of packing and intensity, the effective quality for improving water-permeable brick, the attapulgite modified and surfactant of the present invention, by reasonably matching, the hole of brick body is effectively raised, improves the hydrophilicity on surface, reaches the purpose of increase permeability rate, the permeable significant effect of the present invention, coefficient of permeability reaches 1.06 × 10 at 15 DEG C‑2More than cm/s.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building materials technology field, more particularly to a kind of water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, global energy, water resources shortage, while the area that desertifies expands and the frequent generation of dust storm, makes human survival
Environment it is increasingly severe, city dweller occupies residence mainly by with granite, marble, glazed tile, cement and pitch at present
Etc. the city square of fluid-tight material laying, commercial street, pavement, community activity, the ground in parking lot etc. surround, firmly
The harm for changing ground in face of urban environment is very big, and when raining, hardened ground prevents rainwater and directly infiltrates through ground, full area
Water makes the trip of people become very inconvenient；Valuable water resource has aggravated municipal drainage and set finally as drainage pipeline flows away
The burden applied；A large amount of losses of rainwater cause level of ground water to be difficult to go up, and directly influence the health of urban vegetation so that city
In ground flora be difficult to normal growth, aggravate municipal administration greening burden；A large amount of losses of rainwater further aggravate city arid,
Water shortage problem, new environmental-friendly construction material is developed, improve and beautification environment for human survival is imperative, in the market building materials
The dank material primary raw material of some water-permeable bricks in field, porous pavement etc. will using ceramics or concrete, ceramic water-permeable brick
Using substantial amounts of ore deposit soil resource, the exploitation of raw material causes the destruction to environment, ceramic mould water-permeable brick complex manufacturing, Er Qietao
Porcelain base brick needs to expend the substantial amounts of energy in forming and sintering, and cost is high, and low production efficiency, Environmental Inputs are big, one-time investment
Scale is big；Although concrete permeable brick cost is low, thick (the general particles of aggregates of particle on existing concrete permeable brick surface
Particle diameter is 3mm-6mm), the macrovoid of abutment surface is permeable, and voidage is easily blocked more than 20% by dust, therefore can not hold
High water-permeability energy is held in continuation of insurance；And because space is larger, it is also poor that it is used for water filtration effect；The face of concrete permeable brick simultaneously
Color is single, and rough surface, unsightly, toughness are bad, and anti-pressure ability is poor, the high molecular polymer water-permeable brick occurred at present, due to
The costs of material such as resin are higher, it is difficult to be widely applied.
Research shows, the component proportion of the granularity of particulate material, particulate material and powder-material, is that main to influence water-permeable brick permeable
The factor of rate height, is in particular in：The granularity of particulate material is different, water-permeable brick water permeability is different, and granularity is big, thoroughly
Water-based energy is good；Grain composition is different, and intensity, the forming property of water permeability and brick, the water permeability after burning till also differ；Thoroughly
Water brick adds water mixing postforming, firing to form by particulate material with powder-material.Particulate material is skeleton, is major ingredient, and powder-material
Auxiliary material, it is made up of compositions such as flux, pore former, binding agents, above composition it is reasonably combined to forming property, drying property
Energy, firing property and properties of product play the effect of key, and pore former is mainly organic matter class or carbonate, and pore former is main
To improve the water penetration of product, but the addition of pore former can reduce the forming property and dry tenacity of product, some into
The defects of hole agent can also make product produce black core.
Water-permeable brick is as a kind of new building and ornament materials, due to the outstanding environmental-protecting performance of water-permeable brick, excellent usability
Can and good decorative effect, for be at present research emphasis, still, due in recent years to the popular research of water-permeable brick,
Due to the selection of raw material, preparation method varied and without focus on above-mentioned influence water-permeable brick permeability rate height because
Element so that the product water-permeable brick quality of preparation is uneven, and part water-permeable brick permeability rate is extremely low, and had a strong impact on water-permeable brick has
Sequence develops, while also causes consumer to be difficult to the water-permeable brick for obtaining high quality, so, science is carried out to the raw material of traditional water-permeable brick
It is rational preferred, scientific and reasonable improvement is proposed to preparation method, to improve the quality of current water-permeable brick, to building material field
It is significant.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the above technical problems, provide a kind of water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof.
Realized particular by following technical scheme：
A kind of water-permeable brick, raw material composition parts by weight are：40~60 parts of gangue, 80~120 parts of rare earth tailings, rubble 40~
60 parts, 20~40 parts of red mud, attapulgite modified 20~30 parts, 20~30 parts of surfactant, 35~45 parts of bonding agent；
The preparation method of described water-permeable brick, comprises the following steps：
(1) dispensing：By gangue, rare earth tailings, rubble, red mud, it is attapulgite modified weighed by formula after, crush, then
It must expect 1 with surfactant, bonding agent；
(2) base：Material 1 is added into water stirring, mixes thoroughly, is put into mould under 420~440r/min mixing speed, suppressed
Shaping, that is, just base is made；
(3) conserve：The first base of preparation is conserved into 5~7h at 180~220 DEG C, cools the temperature to 120~130 DEG C, insulation
1~2h, then conserved 1~2 week at 60~80 DEG C；
(4) secondary maintenance：The base substrate of step (3) maintenance will be passed through, secondary maintenance is carried out, produce water-permeable brick of the present invention.
Raw material forms parts by weight：50 parts of gangue, 100 parts of rare earth tailings, 50 parts of rubble, 30 parts of red mud, modified bumps
25 parts of rod soil, 25 parts of surfactant, 40 parts of bonding agent.
Described rubble, its particle diameter are 12~16mm.
Described is attapulgite modified, first crushes attapulgite, crosses 80~100 mesh sieves, be immersed in concentration for 0.2~
In 0.3mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, after 30~40min, filtering, it is water-soluble that filter residue is immersed in the salt that content is 10~12%
In liquid, 20~30min of ultrasound under 80~120KHz frequency, secondary filter, under nitrogen protection, by filter residue 600~650
1~2h, cooling are calcined at DEG C.
Described surfactant, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol, AESA and bay
Any of alcohol sodium sulphate.
Described bonding agent, it is by 1.5~2.5 by cactus juice, clay and silica：0.8~1.2：0.3~0.5
Mass ratio be mixed to prepare.
Described is compressing, is suppressed under 0.7~0.9Mpa, and the press time is 12~18min.
Described secondary maintenance, curing temperature be 90~110 DEG C, relative humidity be 70~80%, curing time be 18~
22h。
In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：Water-permeable brick prepared by the present invention, there is good water permeability,
The bonding agent of rational proportion is added in blending process so that be effectively combined between feed components, improve the degree of packing and
Intensity, effectively improve the quality of water-permeable brick, the attapulgite modified and surfactant of the present invention, by reasonably matching somebody with somebody
Than, the hole of brick body is effectively raised, improves the hydrophilicity on surface, reaches the purpose of increase permeability rate, it is of the invention permeable
Significant effect, coefficient of permeability reaches 1.06 × 10 at 15 DEG C-2More than cm/s.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below, but the invention is not limited in these realities
Mode is applied, any improvement or replacement on the present embodiment essence spirit, it is claimed to still fall within the claims in the present invention
Scope.
Embodiment 1
A kind of water-permeable brick, raw material composition parts by weight are：Gangue 40kg, rare earth tailings 80kg, rubble 40kg, red mud
20kg, attapulgite modified 20kg, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol 20kg, bonding agent 35kg；Described modified attapulgite
Soil, first attapulgite is crushed, cross 80~100 mesh sieves, be immersed in the sodium hydroxide solution that concentration is 0.2mol/L, 30min
Afterwards, filter, filter residue be immersed in the saline solution that content is 10%, the ultrasonic 20min under 80KHz frequency, secondary filter,
Under nitrogen protection, filter residue is calcined into 1~2h, cooling at 600 DEG C；Described bonding agent, it is by cactus juice, clay
1.5 are pressed with silica：0.8：0.3 mass ratio is mixed to prepare；
The preparation method of described water-permeable brick, comprises the following steps：
(1) dispensing：Gangue, rare earth tailings, the rubble that particle diameter is 12mm, red mud, attapulgite modified formula of pressing are claimed
After taking, crush, then must expect 1 with sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol, bonding agent；
(2) base：Material 1 is added into water stirring, mixes thoroughly, is put into mould under 420r/min mixing speed, in 0.7Mpa
Under suppressed, suppress 12min, that is, be made just base；
(3) conserve：The first base of preparation is conserved into 5h at 180 DEG C, cools the temperature to 120 DEG C, is incubated 1h, then at 60 DEG C
Maintenance 1 week；
(4) secondary maintenance：The base substrate of step (3) maintenance will be passed through, be 90 DEG C in temperature, relative humidity 70%, maintenance
18h, produce water-permeable brick of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
A kind of water-permeable brick, raw material composition parts by weight are：Gangue 60kg, rare earth tailings 120kg, rubble 60kg, red mud
40kg, attapulgite modified 30kg, AESA 30kg, bonding agent 45kg；Described modified attapulgite
Soil, first attapulgite is crushed, cross 80~100 mesh sieves, be immersed in the sodium hydroxide solution that concentration is 0.3mol/L, 40min
Afterwards, filter, filter residue is immersed in the saline solution that content is 12%, the ultrasonic 30min under 120KHz frequency, secondary mistake
Filter, under nitrogen protection, 1~2h, cooling is calcined by filter residue at 650 DEG C；Described bonding agent, be by cactus juice,
Clay and silica press 2.5：1.2：0.5 mass ratio is mixed to prepare；
The preparation method of described water-permeable brick, comprises the following steps：
(1) dispensing：Gangue, rare earth tailings, the rubble that particle diameter is 16mm, red mud, attapulgite modified formula of pressing are claimed
After taking, crush, then must expect 1 with AESA, bonding agent；
(2) base：Material 1 is added into water stirring, mixes thoroughly, is put into mould under 440r/min mixing speed, in 0.9Mpa
Under suppressed, suppress 18min, that is, be made just base；
(3) conserve：The first base of preparation is conserved into 7h at 220 DEG C, cools the temperature to 130 DEG C, is incubated 2h, then at 80 DEG C
Maintenance 2 weeks；
(4) secondary maintenance：The base substrate of step (3) maintenance will be passed through, be 110 DEG C in temperature, relative humidity 80%, maintenance
22h, produce water-permeable brick of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
A kind of water-permeable brick, raw material composition parts by weight are：Gangue 50kg, rare earth tailings 100kg, rubble 50kg, red mud
30kg, attapulgite modified 25kg, surfactant 25kg, bonding agent 40kg；Described is attapulgite modified, first by concave convex rod
Soil crushes, and crosses 80~100 mesh sieves, is immersed in the sodium hydroxide solution that concentration is 0.25mol/L, after 35min, filtering, will filter
Slag is immersed in the saline solution that content is 11%, the ultrasonic 25min under 100KHz frequency, secondary filter, is protected in nitrogen
Under, filter residue is calcined into 1~2h, cooling at 630 DEG C；Described bonding agent, it is by cactus juice, clay and silica
By 2：1：0.4 mass ratio is mixed to prepare；
The preparation method of described water-permeable brick, comprises the following steps：
(1) dispensing：It is 12~16mm rubble by gangue, rare earth tailings, particle diameter, red mud, attapulgite modified by matching somebody with somebody
After side weighs, crush, then must expect 1 with sldium lauryl sulfate, bonding agent；
(2) base：Material 1 is added into water stirring, mixes thoroughly, is put into mould under 430r/min mixing speed, in 0.8Mpa
Under suppressed, suppress 15min, that is, be made just base；
(3) conserve：The first base of preparation is conserved into 6h at 200 DEG C, cools the temperature to 125 DEG C, is incubated 1.5h, then at 70 DEG C
Lower maintenance 1.5 weeks；
(4) secondary maintenance：The base substrate of step (3) maintenance will be passed through, be 100 DEG C in temperature, relative humidity 75%, maintenance
20h, produce water-permeable brick of the present invention.
Embodiment 4
A kind of water-permeable brick, raw material composition parts by weight are：Gangue 40kg, rare earth tailings 120kg, rubble 40kg, red mud
40kg, attapulgite modified 20kg, AESA 30kg, bonding agent 35kg；Described modified attapulgite
Soil, first attapulgite is crushed, cross 80~100 mesh sieves, be immersed in the sodium hydroxide solution that concentration is 0.2mol/L, 40min
Afterwards, filter, filter residue is immersed in the saline solution that content is 10%, the ultrasonic 20min under 120KHz frequency, secondary mistake
Filter, under nitrogen protection, 1h, cooling is calcined by filter residue at 650 DEG C；Described bonding agent, it is by cactus juice, clay
1.5 are pressed with silica：1.2：0.3 mass ratio is mixed to prepare；
The preparation method of described water-permeable brick, comprises the following steps：
(1) dispensing：Gangue, rare earth tailings, the rubble that particle diameter is 12mm, red mud, attapulgite modified formula of pressing are claimed
After taking, crush, then must expect 1 with AESA, bonding agent；
(2) base：Material 1 is added into water stirring, mixes thoroughly, is put into mould under 420r/min mixing speed, in 0.9Mpa
Under suppressed, suppress 12min, that is, be made just base；
(3) conserve：The first base of preparation is conserved into 7h at 180 DEG C, cools the temperature to 120 DEG C, is incubated 2h, then at 60 DEG C
Maintenance 2 weeks；
(4) secondary maintenance：The base substrate of step (3) maintenance will be passed through, be 90 DEG C in temperature, relative humidity 80%, maintenance
18h, produce water-permeable brick of the present invention.
Embodiment 5
A kind of water-permeable brick, raw material composition parts by weight are：Gangue 60kg, rare earth tailings 80kg, rubble 60kg, red mud
20kg, attapulgite modified 30kg, sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol 20kg, bonding agent 45kg；Described modified attapulgite
Soil, first attapulgite is crushed, cross 80~100 mesh sieves, be immersed in the sodium hydroxide solution that concentration is 0.3mol/L, 30min
Afterwards, filter, filter residue be immersed in the saline solution that content is 12%, the ultrasonic 20min under 80KHz frequency, secondary filter,
Under nitrogen protection, filter residue is calcined into 1~2h, cooling at 650 DEG C；Described bonding agent, it is by cactus juice, clay
2.5 are pressed with silica：0.8：0.5 mass ratio is mixed to prepare；
The preparation method of described water-permeable brick, comprises the following steps：
(1) dispensing：Gangue, rare earth tailings, the rubble that particle diameter is 16mm, red mud, attapulgite modified formula of pressing are claimed
After taking, crush, then must expect 1 with sodium sulfate of polyethenoxy ether of fatty alcohol, bonding agent；
(2) base：Material 1 is added into water stirring, mixes thoroughly, is put into mould under 440r/min mixing speed, in 0.7Mpa
Under suppressed, suppress 18min, that is, be made just base；
(3) conserve：The first base of preparation is conserved into 5h at 220 DEG C, cools the temperature to 130 DEG C, is incubated 2h, then at 60 DEG C
Maintenance 1~2 week；
(4) secondary maintenance：The base substrate of step (3) maintenance will be passed through, be 110 DEG C in temperature, relative humidity 70%, maintenance
22h, produce water-permeable brick of the present invention.
Embodiment 6~10
On the basis of embodiment 1, prepare a kind of novel water permeable brick, its raw material composition weight data embodiment 6~
Change in 10 is as shown in table 1, and other steps are the same as embodiment 1：
Table 1
With reference to JC/T945-2005《Water-permeable brick》The water-permeable brick that professional standard is prepared to embodiment 1~10 is made further
It is bright, as a result as shown in table 2：
Table 2
Claims (8)
1. a kind of water-permeable brick, it is characterised in that raw material forms parts by weight and is：40~60 parts of gangue, rare earth tailings 80~120
Part, 40~60 parts of rubble, 20~40 parts of red mud, attapulgite modified 20~30 parts, 20~30 parts of surfactant, bonding agent 35
~45 parts；
The preparation method of described water-permeable brick, comprises the following steps：
(1) dispensing：By gangue, rare earth tailings, rubble, red mud, it is attapulgite modified weighed by formula after, crush, then with table
Face activating agent, bonding agent must expect 1；
(2) base：Material 1 is added into water stirring, mixes thoroughly, is put into mould under 420~440r/min mixing speed, is pressed into
Type, that is, just base is made；
(3) conserve：The first base of preparation is conserved into 5~7h at 180~220 DEG C, cools the temperature to 120~130 DEG C, insulation 1~
2h, then conserved 1~2 week at 60~80 DEG C；
(4) secondary maintenance：The base substrate of step (3) maintenance will be passed through, secondary maintenance is carried out, produce water-permeable brick of the present invention.
2. water-permeable brick as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that raw material forms parts by weight and is：50 parts of gangue, rare earth tailings
100 parts, 50 parts of rubble, 30 parts of red mud, attapulgite modified 25 parts, 25 parts of surfactant, 40 parts of bonding agent.
3. water-permeable brick as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described rubble, its particle diameter are 12~16mm.
4. water-permeable brick as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described is attapulgite modified, first crushes attapulgite,
80~100 mesh sieves are crossed, are immersed in the sodium hydroxide solution that concentration is 0.2~0.3mol/L, after 30~40min, filtering, will be filtered
Slag is immersed in the saline solution that content is 10~12%, 20~30min of ultrasound, secondary mistake under 80~120KHz frequency
Filter, under nitrogen protection, 1~2h, cooling is calcined by filter residue at 600~650 DEG C.
5. water-permeable brick as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described surfactant, AEO sulphur
Any of sour sodium, AESA and sldium lauryl sulfate.
6. water-permeable brick as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described bonding agent, be by cactus juice, clay and dioxy
SiClx presses 1.5~2.5：0.8~1.2：0.3~0.5 mass ratio is mixed to prepare.
7. water-permeable brick as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described is compressing, is carried out under 0.7~0.9Mpa
Compacting, the press time is 12~18min.
8. water-permeable brick as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described secondary maintenance, curing temperature are 90~110 DEG C,
Relative humidity is 70~80%, and curing time is 18~22h.
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Cited By (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108383473A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-10 | 方建波 | A method of water-permeable brick is prepared based on gangue |
| CN108516801A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-09-11 | 合肥谦尧建筑装饰工程有限公司 | A kind of water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof that intensity water permeability is mutually coordinated |
| CN110372331A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-10-25 | 柳晶（溧阳）环保科技有限公司 | A kind of discoloration water-permeable brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN115432966A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-12-06 | 东莞市斯博锐高分子建筑材料科技有限公司 | Pervious concrete and preparation method thereof |
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