CN107479219A - Planar light source device and liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Planar light source device and liquid crystal display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107479219A CN107479219A CN201610397812.3A CN201610397812A CN107479219A CN 107479219 A CN107479219 A CN 107479219A CN 201610397812 A CN201610397812 A CN 201610397812A CN 107479219 A CN107479219 A CN 107479219A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
- G02F1/13476—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which at least one liquid crystal cell or layer assumes a scattering state
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133626—Illuminating devices providing two modes of illumination, e.g. day-night
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of planar light source device, including collimated light source, light valve and light guide sheet, wherein, collimated light source is adjacent to the light incident sides configuration of the light guide sheet；Light valve is between the collimated light source and light guide sheet, and when the light that collimated light source is sent is by the light valve, the angle of divergence φ of its transmitted ray is in minimum value φminTo maximum φmaxIn the range of adjust；The transmitted ray enters light guide sheet through light incident sides, and the angle ρ between its optical axis and light guide sheet exiting surface is more than zero and is less than grazing incidence complementary angle ρmax.The present invention realizes the adjustable planar light source device in visual angle and liquid crystal display device, so as to meet application requirement of the people to different occasions such as shared, peep-proofs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planar light source, in particular to a kind of adjustable planar light source in visual angle
Device, and include the liquid crystal display device of the planar light source device.
Background technology
Liquid crystal display becomes increasingly widespread to be applied on mobile phone, computer and TV.At present, it is existing
What the visual angle for having liquid crystal display was usually fixed.The planar light source framework of this kind of liquid crystal display
In, generally comprise non-collimated light source, light guide sheet, and reflector plate, diffusion sheet, prismatic lens etc.
Device.Wherein, non-collimated light source can use what the LED being distributed by certain rising angle was formed
Linear array (Light Bar)；The light incident sides of light guide sheet are typically normal to its exiting surface.So
And the display of fixed viewpoint can not meet requirement of the people in different occasions.Such as
Shown image or word on computer screen, generally can be with standing in multiple colleagues of different angle
Or friend shares；But in public, such as airport, railway station place, people are not intended to
Around crowd it can be seen that display content on display.Therefore, it is non-in presentation of information
A kind of adjustable display in visual angle is often needed, to meet people to different occasions such as shared, peep-proofs
Application requirement.
The content of the invention
, can it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of visual angle for the drawbacks described above of prior art
The planar light source device of tune, and include the liquid crystal display device of the planar light source device.
According to the first aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of planar light source device, including collimated light source,
Light valve and light guide sheet, wherein, collimated light source is adjacent to the light incident sides configuration of the light guide sheet；
Light valve passes through described between the collimated light source and light guide sheet in the light that collimated light source is sent
During light valve, the angle of divergence φ of its transmitted ray is in minimum value φminTo maximum φmaxIn the range of adjust；
The transmitted ray enters light guide sheet through light incident sides, between its optical axis and light guide sheet exiting surface
Angle ρ is more than zero and is less than grazing incidence complementary angle ρmax。
In the first aspect, it is preferred that the parallel half angle θ of the collimated light source is less than 15 degree,
The minimum value φ of the transmitted ray angle of divergenceminEqual to the parallel half angle θ.
Preferably, the parallel half angle θ of the collimated light source is less than 5 degree, the transmitted ray hair
Dissipate the minimum value φ at angleminEqual to the parallel half angle θ.
Preferably, the light valve includes：Inner surface is provided with first, second base of transparency electrode
Piece；PDLC (PDLC) layer between first, second substrate, its
In, the angle of divergence φ of the transmitted ray, by being applied to the transparent of first, second substrate
Voltage between electrode is adjusted.
Preferably, the light valve uses polymer stabilized cholesteric phase liquid crystal (PSCT) light valve,
Or use reverse polymer stabilized cholesteric phase liquid crystal light valve.
Preferably, the collimated light source and light valve are placed parallel to the light guide sheet light incident sides；
Angle δ between the light guide sheet light incident sides and its exiting surface, and the transmitted ray optical axis with
Angle ρ between light guide sheet exiting surface complementary angle each other.
Preferably, the collimated light source and light valve are placed perpendicular to the light guide sheet exiting surface；
Angle δ ' between the light guide sheet light incident sides and its exiting surface is less than 90 degree.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the light guide sheet is provided with multiple light guide structures, each light guide structure
To include the strip sunk structure of two inclined sides.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the light guide sheet is provided with multiple light guide structures, each light guide structure
To include the strip projected parts structure of two inclined sides.
According to second aspect, there is provided institute in a kind of liquid crystal display device, including above-mentioned first aspect
The planar light source device stated, the planar light source device are configured at the back side of liquid crystal display cells.
According to the present invention, by collimated light source, the adjustable light valve of the transmitted ray angle of divergence and lead
The arrangement of mating plate, make between the optical axis and light guide sheet exiting surface of the transmitted ray of light guide sheet
Angle ρ, more than zero and it is less than grazing incidence complementary angle ρmax, thus achieve the adjustable plane in visual angle
Light supply apparatus and liquid crystal display device, so as to meet people to different occasions such as shared, peep-proofs
Application requirement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is sectional view of the example planar light source device of the invention in YZ planes；
Fig. 2 shows the arrangement of collimated light source, light valve and light guide sheet in Fig. 1 planar light source devices；
Fig. 3 shows the angular distribution of the emergent ray of collimated light source 101；
Fig. 4,5 show that an example light valve and collimated ray pass through the angular distribution of the light valve；
Fig. 6 shows the song that transmitted ray angle of divergence φ changes with voltage V on light valve substrate electrod
Line；
Fig. 7 (a) shows propagation of the light in light guide sheet 103 after pellucidity light valve
And outgoing；
Fig. 7 (b), 7 (c) show the depression light guide structure 105 in light guide sheet；
Fig. 8, which is shown, to be scattered propagation in light guide sheet 103 of light after state light valve and goes out
Penetrate；
Fig. 9 (a), 9 (b) show another example light valve；
Figure 10 is sectional view of another example planar light source device of the present invention in YZ planes；
Figure 11 shows the cloth of collimated light source, light valve and light guide sheet in Figure 10 planar light source devices
Put；
Figure 12 (a) shows biography of the light in light guide sheet 1003 after pellucidity light valve
Broadcast and be emitted；
Figure 12 (b), Figure 12 (c) show the raised light guide structure 1005 in light guide sheet；
Figure 13, which is shown, to be scattered propagation in light guide sheet 1003 of light after state light valve and goes out
Penetrate；
Figure 14 (a) is an example liquid crystal display device of the invention；
Figure 14 (b) is light relative luminance in the liquid crystal display device with viewing angle distribution curve
1406a；
Figure 14 (c) is light relative luminance in the liquid crystal display device with viewing angle distribution curve
1406b。
Embodiment
To more fully understand the present invention, hereafter the present invention is made with embodiment combination accompanying drawing further
Explanation.In accompanying drawing, identical mark represents the same part or structure.
Reference picture 1, Fig. 1 are an example planar light source device of the invention in the section of YZ planes
Figure.The planar light source device includes collimated light source 101, light valve 102 and light guide sheet 103.
Wherein, collimated light source 101, light valve 102 are placed in X direction, and they are adjacent to light guide sheet 103
Light incident sides 104 configure.Light valve 102 is between collimated light source 101 and light guide sheet 103.
When the collimated ray sent from light source 101 is by light valve 102, the dispersion angle of transmitted ray can
Adjusted by light valve 102.The light transmitted through light valve 102 is entered by light guide sheet light incident sides 104
Enter light guide sheet.In the bottom surface of light guide sheet 103, provided with multiple depression light guide structures 105；It is guide-lighting
It is flat 106 between structure 105.As shown in figure 1, the density of light guide structure 105 with
And increase from increase with a distance from light source 101 (i.e. along Z-direction).Reflector 107 is placed in light
Around source 101, make to send the light for not being directly entered light guide sheet 103 from light source 101, through anti-
Cover 107 is penetrated to reflect and enter back into light guide sheet after changing direction.108 be the light extraction of light guide sheet 103
Face.
Reference picture 2, Fig. 2 show collimated light source in Fig. 1 planar light source devices, light valve and leaded light
The arrangement of piece.Light guide sheet 103 is positioned in XZ planes, and its exiting surface 108 is parallel to XZ planes.
Light guide sheet light incident sides 104 and the structure of exiting surface 108 have angle δ.In Fig. 2, Y ' and Z ' are Y
With Z-direction respectively using X as rotary shaft, the direction after 90 ° -8 of the anglec of rotation.Collimated light source 101
With light valve 102 parallel to XY ' planes, that is, parallel to light guide sheet light incident sides 104.From light
Source 101 is sent, and the light luminance highest direction of light guide sheet is entered after the transmission of light valve 102,
Transmitted ray optical axis is defined as, as shown in Ω Ω ' in Fig. 2.Optical axis Ω Ω ' and light guide sheet exiting surface
108 form angle ρ.Angle δ between above-mentioned light guide sheet light incident sides 104 and exiting surface 108,
With angle ρ complementary angles each other.Angle ρ is more than zero, and is less than and meets what light was totally reflected on surface 108
The critical angle ρ of conditionmax, i.e. grazing incidence complementary angle.
Here, angle ρ can not be zero.If angle ρ is equal to zero, collimated ray enters through incident side
Parallel to its plane after light guide sheet, most light will not be incident to light guide structure, and from leading
The light emission side of mating plate leaves light guide sheet, and these light are not utilized by planar light source, planar light source
Brightness is very low or is zero.Also, angle ρ needs to be less than grazing incidence complementary angle ρmax.Otherwise, from
The light that light incident sides enter light guide sheet can produce refraction, directly leave leaded light from exiting surface 108
Piece, and can not propagate to from incident side remote position.Planar light source is shown as close to light source
Brightness is very high at 101, and brightness is very low at remote light source 101 or is zero.Grazing incidence complementary angle ρmax
Numerical value depend on forming the refractive index of guide-lighting sheet material.For example, when the material for forming light guide sheet
For PMMA (refractive index=1.49) when, ρmaxEqual to 48 °.The high guide-lighting sheet material of selective refraction rate
Material, can increase grazing incidence complementary angle ρmax。
Fig. 3 shows the angular distribution of the emergent ray of collimated light source 101.The light sent from light source
301 rising angle distribution, can use the angle, θ that 50% brightness is reduced to from brightness highest direction
To describe.As shown in figure 3, brightness highest (relative luminance of the light beam 301 along Z ' directions
100%), the angle of luminance-reduction to 50% is θ, commonly referred to as parallel half-angle.In the present invention,
Collimated light source includes the collimated light source (such as LASER Light Source) of strict difinition in optics, Yi Jitong
The approximate collimated light source (such as LED light source) crossed after optical element processing.Here, collimated light
The parallel half angle θ in source is preferably less than 15 °, more preferably less than 5 °.Fig. 3 show light
Angular distribution of the beam 301 in Y ' Z ' planes.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, Z-direction is light
The direction of propagation in light guide sheet, Y-direction are the thickness direction of light guide sheet.Meet above-mentioned parallel
The collimated light of half-angle can keep determining by after light guide structure reflection in light guide sheet when leaving light guide sheet
Direction so that planar light source reaches less visual angle.The emergent ray of light source 101 is at other
Plane, such as XZ ' or other angular distributions included on Z ' direction planes can be with YZ ' planes
It is identical or different.
Fig. 4,5 show that an example light valve and collimated ray pass through the angular distribution of the light valve.
In the example, light valve 102 is using PDLC (PDLC, Polymer Dispersed
Liquid Crystal) light valve.It includes substrate 401 and substrate 402, by gathering between substrate
Compound dispersing liquid crystal layer separates.Substrate can be clear glass or other transparent materials, such as PET,
PMMA, PC etc..The inner surface of substrate 401,402 contains transparency electrode, as ITO or other
Transparent conductive material.
In Fig. 4,403 be polymeric matrix (Polymer Matrix), and 404 be by phase point
From the liquid crystal droplet being scattered in polymeric matrix of rear acquisition.Liquid crystal point in liquid crystal droplet 404
The direction of optic axis of son is along Z ' directions, the refractive index of liquid crystal droplet and the refractive index of polymeric matrix
Matching, polymers dispersed liquid crystal light valve 102 are in pellucidity.The light sent from collimated light source
Beam 301 is still collimated light beam, as illustrated at 405 after the light valve 102 in the state.
406 describe the angular distribution of light 405, and wherein brightness highest direction is bright along Z ' directions
Degree is reduced to 50% angle such as φaIt is shown.Angle φaHalf angle θ parallel with collimated light beam 301
It is identical, or slightly larger than parallel half angle θ, this depends on the saturating of the light valve 102 in pellucidity
Bright degree.
Reference picture 5, the optical axis of liquid crystal droplet 501 is in polymers dispersed liquid crystal light valve 102
The refractive index of free state of orientation, its refractive index and polymeric matrix mismatches.In collimated light beam
After 301 by light valve 102, light is scattered by liquid crystal droplet 501, and turns into divergent beams
502.503 describe the angular distribution of divergent beams 502.In the light beam along the brightness of Z ' directions most
Height, luminance-reduction to maximum brightness 50% when corresponding angle be light beam angle of divergence φb。
The angle of divergence φ of light valve transmitted ray, can be by the voltage that is applied between its substrate electrod
It is adjusted.Reference picture 6, Fig. 6 show transmitted ray angle of divergence φ with light valve substrate electrod
The curve of voltage V changes.When voltage V is more than V2When, in light valve the refractive index of liquid crystal droplet with
The index matching of polymeric matrix, the collimation of collimated light source light beam is kept by the light of light valve,
Its angle of divergence has minimum value φmin, as illustrated in 601.When voltage V is less than V1When, liquid crystal is micro-
The optical axis of drop is in and is freely orientated, and the refractive index difference of its refractive index and polymeric matrix is maintained at
Maximum, divergent rays are turned into because of scattering by the collimated ray of light valve, as illustrated by 602,
Its angle of divergence has maximum φmax.When voltage is from V1It is gradually increased to V2When, liquid crystal droplet
Refractive index and the difference of polymeric matrix are gradually reduced, and the angle of divergence φ of transmitted ray accordingly reduces,
From V1The maximum φ at placeamxIt is decreased to V2The minimum value φ at placemin.Minimum value φminEqual or close to standard
The parallel half angle θ in direct light source.
Voltage-stabilized power supply can provide any required value of voltage V between above-mentioned light valve substrate electrod, electricity
Depending on pressure V size view plane light supply apparatus and the visual angle of display.
Fig. 7 (a) shows propagation of the light in light guide sheet 103 after pellucidity light valve
And outgoing.Light A1A2To be sent from collimated light source, and by after the light valve of pellucidity
Example collimated ray.Total reflection of the light through the surface of light guide sheet exiting surface 108 is turned back, into
For light A2A3.And the depression light guide structure 105 of directive light guide sheet bottom surface.Light A2A3Led
The surface of photo structure 105 is reflected and changes the direction of propagation, and is emitted by exiting surface 108, such as light
Line A3A4It is shown.By the angle of inclination on the surface of light guide structure 105 that is recessed, emergent light can control
Line A3A4Shooting angle.Light B1B2To be sent from collimated light source, and by transparence
Another example collimated ray after the light valve of state.The light enters guide-lighting through light incident sides 104
Piece, it is turned back by the total reflection on the surface of light guide sheet exiting surface 108, turns into light B2B3, penetrate
Turned back again directive to the flat 106 between light guide structure, and by the reflection of the part
Exiting surface 108.Such light will be propagated in light guide sheet interior edge Z-direction, until running into leaded light
Structure is simultaneously emitted after being reflected by light guide structure surface from light guide sheet, or propagates to light guide sheet Z-direction
Distalmost end.When light valve is in pellucidity, the light of light guide sheet is entered by light incident sides 104
Line has the collimation suitable with collimated light source, so has minimum from the light of light guide sheet outgoing
The angle of divergence, as shown in 701.Example emergent ray is along Y-direction brightness highest, luminance-reduction
To maximum brightness 50% when angle be ωa。ωaFor the minimum of planar light source device as shown in Figure 1
Visual angle, its numerical value are equal to or slightly greater than the angle of divergence minimum value φ of light valve 102 shown in Fig. 6min。
Fig. 7 (b), 7 (c) show the depression light guide structure 105 in light guide sheet.The light guide structure
To include the strip sunk structure of two inclined sides.Its size available width w, height h and
Length d is described.Structure width w is preferably 5-500 microns, more preferably 10-150 microns；
Structure height h is preferably 2-250 microns, more preferably 5-100 microns；Structure length d is most
Small value is preferably 5 microns, more preferably 10 microns；Structure length d maximum can be with light guide sheet
Width in X direction is equal.The angle of inclination on the surface of light guide structure 105 can be described by α.Angle [alpha]
Preferably 2-85 °, more preferably 5-75 °.
Depression light guide structure 105 surface can be the interface of transparent material and air.Propagate to the table
The light in face, the direction of propagation is changed and from light guide sheet exiting surface 108 by the total reflection on the surface
Outgoing.The surface of light guide structure 105 can also be the reflecting layer for being attached to transparent material surface.Instead
It can be the reflections such as aluminium, the silver formed the methods of by sputtering, being deposited in transparent material surface to penetrate layer
Material film layers.When the surface of light guide structure 105 is additional reflective layer, minute surface of the light on the surface
Reflection can not be limited by total reflection condition, so as to the material for adding light guide sheet design and making
Range of choice.
Fig. 8, which is shown, is scattered propagation and outgoing of the light in light guide sheet 103 after state light valve.
As shown in figure 8, the collimated light 301 that collimated light source is sent passes through the light valve 102 in scattering state
Afterwards, it is converted into scattering light 801 and enters light guide sheet 103 through light incident sides 104.Scattering light
801 have larger angular distribution, the total reflection through light guide sheet exiting surface 108, light guide structure 105
Or after the reflection of flat 106 (total reflection or mirror-reflection), the light being emitted by exiting surface 108 has
There is larger angular distribution.For example, when the light as shown in 802 is incident to light guide structure surface 105
Afterwards, change the direction of propagation through the reflection on the surface, and be emitted by exiting surface 108, such as light
Shown in 803.Viewing angle distribution of 804 descriptions from the emergent ray of light guide sheet exiting surface 108.Example is emitted
The visual angle of light has highest brightness, the 50% when institute of luminance-reduction to maximum brightness along Y-direction
Corresponding visual angle is ωb。ωbEqual to or more than passing through the angle of divergence φ of the light of light valve as shown in Figure 5b。
Fig. 9 (a), 9 (b) show another example light valve.The light valve is polymer stabilizing cholesteric phase liquid
Brilliant (PSCT, Polymer Stabilized Cholesteric Texture) light valve.Reference picture
9 (a), 9 (b), 901,902 be the substrate that inner surface contains transparency conducting layer；903 be polymer
Network, it can use and a small amount of polymerizable molecules are mixed in liquid crystal, polymerize by polymerizable molecules
In journey with liquid crystal molecule be separated method and obtain.In Fig. 9 (a), 904 be consistent in orientation
The liquid crystal molecule of state.Voltage can be applied between the conductive layer of substrate 901,902, thus produced
Being consistently oriented for liquid crystal molecule is obtained under raw electric field action.Liquid crystal molecule so arrangement makes at light valve
In pellucidity.Collimated ray does not change its parallel half-angle by the light valve in pellucidity.Figure
In 9 (b), 905 show the liquid crystal molecule in non-uniform ordered state.Due to liquid crystal molecule
Non-uniform arrangement, light valve produce scattering to the collimated ray passed through.The angle of divergence of transmitted ray can be by
The voltage being applied between substrate 901,902 transparency electrodes is adjusted.
Alternatively, reverse polymer stabilized cholesteric phase liquid crystal (Reverse Mode PSCT) light
Valve also is used as the light valve of the present invention.When not applying voltage between substrate transparency electrode, this light
Liquid crystal molecule proper alignment in valve, the transparent state of light valve, scattering is not produced to the light of transmission；
When applying appropriate voltage between transparency electrode, light valve is in scattering state.
Figure 10 is sectional view of another example planar light source device of the present invention in YZ planes.Reference picture
10,1001 be collimated light source, and 1002 be the light valve for adjusting the transmitted ray angle of divergence.1003
The light guide sheet of multiple raised light guide structures 1005 is provided with for bottom surface.1006 be light guide structure 1005 it
Between flat.The density of raised light guide structure is with from increase (edge with a distance from light incident sides 1004
Z-direction) and gradually increase.1007 be a reflector.1008 be the exiting surface of light guide sheet.At this
In one example, light source 1001 and light valve 1002 are placed perpendicular to light guide sheet exiting surface 1008, it
It is parallel with X/Y plane.Light guide sheet light incident sides 1004 and X/Y plane (or Z-direction) are into certain
Angle.
Figure 11 shows the cloth of collimated light source, light valve and light guide sheet in Figure 10 planar light source devices
Put.Reference picture 11, light guide sheet 1003 are positioned in XZ planes, and its exiting surface 1008 is parallel
In XZ planes.Light guide sheet light incident sides 1004 and the structure of exiting surface 1008 have angle δ ', angle
δ ' is less than 90 °.Sent from light source 1001, by light valve 1002 and through light incident sides 1004
Into the light of light guide sheet, its brightness highest direction is defined as transmitted ray optical axis, such as IIII '
It is shown.Optical axis IIII ' forms angle ρ ' with light guide sheet exiting surface 1008.Angle ρ ' is more than zero,
And less than the critical angle ρ ' for meeting the condition that light is totally reflected on surface 1008max, i.e., it is critical
Grazing angle.
Figure 12 (a) shows biography of the light in light guide sheet 1003 after pellucidity light valve
Broadcast and be emitted.Light P1P2And Q1Q2To be sent from collimated light source 1001, and by saturating
Example collimated ray after the light valve 1002 of bright state.Light P1P2、Q1Q2The direction of propagation put down
For row in Z-direction, they change propagation after light incident sides 1004 are refracted into light guide sheet 1003
Direction, such as light P2P3、Q2Q3It is shown.Light P2P3、Q2Q3By in light guide sheet exiting surface
The total reflection on 1008 surfaces and turn back, such as light P3P4、Q3Q4It is shown.Light P3P4Directive is led
The surface of raised light guide structure 1005 on mating plate bottom surface, and be reflected from the surface and change propagation
Direction, it is emitted by light guide sheet exiting surface 1008, such as light P4P5It is shown.By raised guide-lighting
The angle of inclination on the surface of structure 1005, it can control emergent ray P4P5Shooting angle.Light
Q3Q4The flat 1006 of directive light guide sheet bottom surface, and rolled over again by this part of reflection
Retroeflection is to exiting surface 1008.Such light will be propagated in light guide sheet interior edge Z-direction, until
Run into light guide structure and be emitted after being reflected by light guide structure surface from light guide sheet, or propagate to leaded light
The distalmost end of piece Z-direction.When light valve 1002 is in pellucidity, planar light shown in Figure 10
Source device has minimum visual angle, such as ω ' in Figure 12 (a)aIt is shown.
Figure 12 (b), Figure 12 (c) show the raised light guide structure 1005 in light guide sheet 1003.
The light guide structure is the strip projected parts structure for including two inclined sides.Its size available width
W ', height h ' and length d ' are described.The selection of physical dimension is unrestricted.Structure width
W ' is preferably 5-500 microns, more preferably 10-150 microns；Structure height h ' is preferably 2-250
Micron, more preferably 5-100 microns；Structure length d ' minimum value is preferably 5 microns, more
Preferably 10 microns；Structure length d ' maximum can be equal with the width of light guide sheet in X direction.
The angle of inclination on the surface of light guide structure 1005 is by α ' descriptions.Angle [alpha] ' it is preferably 2-85 °, more preferably
For 5-75 °.
The raised surface of light guide structure 1005 can be the interface of transparent material and air.Propagate to the surface
Light by be totally reflected change the direction of propagation, be emitted from light guide sheet exiting surface 1008.Raised guide-lighting knot
Structure surface can be the reflecting layer for being attached to transparent material surface.Reflecting layer can be by sputtering, steaming
The reflecting material film layers such as aluminium that the methods of plating is formed in transparent material surface, silver.Raised guide-lighting knot
When structure surface is additional reflective layer, mirror-reflection of the light on the surface can not be limited by total reflection condition
System, so as to the material selection range for adding light guide sheet design and making.
Figure 13, which is shown, to be scattered propagation in light guide sheet 1003 of light after state light valve and goes out
Penetrate.As shown in figure 13, the collimated light 1301 that collimated light source is sent is by scattering state
After light valve 1002, it is converted into scattering light 1302 and is refracted into leaded light through light incident sides 1004
Piece 1003.Scattering light 1302 has larger angular distribution, works as light, as shown in 1303,
After being incident to the surface of light guide structure 1005, reflection of the light through 1005 surfaces and change propagation side
To, and be emitted by light guide sheet exiting surface 1008, as shown in light 1304.It is incident to leaded light
The light on the surface of structure 1005, pass through the full transmitting and flat 1006 of exiting surface 1008
Be reflected in light guide sheet and propagate.The light being so emitted has larger visual angle ω 'b, such as scheme
In 13 shown in 1305.
It should be noted that in planar light source device shown in Fig. 2 and Figure 11, collimated light source, light valve,
The arrangement of light guide sheet light incident sides and exiting surface, it is only example used by clear description.The present invention
The relative position that middle collimated light source, light valve, light guide sheet light incident sides and exiting surface are placed is not limited to
Above example, as long as the angle between light valve transmitted ray optical axis and light guide sheet exiting surface is more than zero
And it is less than grazing incidence complementary angle.For example, the angle that light guide sheet light incident sides are formed with exiting surface
It is smaller than, equal to or more than 90 °.The light for entering light guide sheet through light incident sides can be such as Fig. 2 and figure
Shown in 11, exiting surface is incident to first, and is incident to after being totally reflected by exiting surface containing light guide structure
Bottom surface；Light into light guide sheet can also be incident to the bottom surface containing light guide structure first, and
Exiting surface is reflexed to by the flat between light guide structure and light guide structure, makes some light from going out
Smooth surface is emitted, and total reflection of some light through exiting surface is propagated in light guide sheet.
, can be according to the needs of concrete application, in leaded light in Fig. 1 and Figure 10 example planar light source devices
Other function optical layers or blooming piece are included above piece exiting surface, as anti-reflection layer, anti-scratch layer,
Diffusion barrier, brightness enhancement film, or the combination of these function optical layers or optical film.
Figure 14 (a) is an example liquid crystal display device of the invention.Wherein, 1404 be that visual angle is adjustable
Planar light source device, it includes collimated light source 1401, from pellucidity to the adjustable light of scattering state
Valve 1402 and the light guide sheet 1403 with light guide structure.1405 be the liquid crystal display for producing image
Element (such as liquid crystal display panel).Planar light source device 1404 is configured at liquid crystal display cells 1405
The back side.
1406 is send from planar light source device 1404, by being carried after liquid crystal display cells 1405
The light of image information.The angular distribution of light 1406 depends on light in planar light source device 1404
Light transmission state residing for valve 1402.When light valve 1402 is in pellucidity, light 1406 regards
Angle distribution it is smaller, as in Figure 14 (b) relative luminance with viewing angle distribution curve 1406a shown in.It is bright
Degree is reduced to the visual angle Ψ corresponding to 50% maximum brightnessaIt is preferably lower than or equal to 20 °, more preferably small
In or equal to 15 °.When light valve 1402 is in scattering state, the viewing angle distribution of light 1406 increases
Greatly, as in Figure 14 (c) relative luminance with viewing angle distribution curve 1406b shown in.Luminance-reduction is extremely
Visual angle Ψ corresponding to 50% maximum brightnessbPreferably greater than or equal to 20 °, more preferably equal to or greater than
30°。
It is clear that invention described herein can have many changes, this change can not be recognized
To deviate the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, it is all to will be apparent to those skilled in the art
Change, be included within the covering scope of appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of planar light source device, including collimated light source, light valve and light guide sheet, wherein,
Collimated light source, it is adjacent to the light incident sides configuration of the light guide sheet；
Light valve, between the collimated light source and light guide sheet, lead in the light that collimated light source is sent
When crossing the light valve, the angle of divergence (φ) of its transmitted ray is in minimum value (φmin) to maximum (φmax)
In the range of adjust,
The transmitted ray enters light guide sheet through light incident sides, its optical axis and light guide sheet exiting surface it
Between angle (ρ) be more than zero and be less than grazing incidence complementary angle (ρmax)。
2. planar light source device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the collimated light
The parallel half-angle (θ) in source is less than 15 degree, the minimum value (φ of the transmitted ray angle of divergencemin)
Equal to the parallel half-angle (θ).
3. planar light source device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the collimated light
The parallel half-angle (θ) in source is less than 5 degree, the minimum value (φ of the transmitted ray angle of divergencemin) etc.
In the parallel half-angle (θ).
4. planar light source device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the light valve bag
Include：
Inner surface is provided with first, second substrate of transparency electrode；
PDLC (PDLC) layer between first, second substrate,
Wherein, the angle of divergence (φ) of the transmitted ray, by being applied to described first, second
Voltage between the transparency electrode of substrate is adjusted.
5. planar light source device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the light valve is adopted
With polymer stabilized cholesteric phase liquid crystal (PSCT) light valve, or the reverse polymer stabilizing courage of use
Steroid phase liquid crystal light valve.
6. planar light source device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the collimated light
Source and light valve are placed parallel to the light guide sheet light incident sides；The light guide sheet light incident sides and its
Angle (δ) between exiting surface, between the transmitted ray optical axis and light guide sheet exiting surface
Angle (ρ) complementary angle each other.
7. planar light source device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the collimated light
Source and light valve are placed perpendicular to the light guide sheet exiting surface；The light guide sheet light incident sides go out with it
Angle (δ ') between smooth surface is less than 90 degree.
8. planar light source device as claimed in claims 6 or 7, it is characterised in that described to lead
The bottom surface of mating plate is provided with multiple light guide structures, and each light guide structure is comprising two inclined sides
Strip sunk structure.
9. planar light source device as claimed in claims 6 or 7, it is characterised in that described to lead
The bottom surface of mating plate is provided with multiple light guide structures, and each light guide structure is comprising two inclined sides
Strip projected parts structure.
10. a kind of liquid crystal display device, it is characterised in that including appointing in such as claim 1 to 9
Planar light source device described in one, the planar light source device are configured at liquid crystal display cells
The back side.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610397812.3A CN107479219A (en) | 2016-06-08 | 2016-06-08 | Planar light source device and liquid crystal display device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610397812.3A CN107479219A (en) | 2016-06-08 | 2016-06-08 | Planar light source device and liquid crystal display device |
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| CN107479219A true CN107479219A (en) | 2017-12-15 |
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| CN201610397812.3A Pending CN107479219A (en) | 2016-06-08 | 2016-06-08 | Planar light source device and liquid crystal display device |
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| CN117147104A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-12-01 | 深圳市海目芯微电子装备科技有限公司 | Light source parallel half angle measuring device and light source parallel half angle measuring method |
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