CN107468737A - 一种艾叶驱蚊虫膏及用法食品药膏日化品理疗药膏含护肤 - Google Patents
一种艾叶驱蚊虫膏及用法食品药膏日化品理疗药膏含护肤 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开的一种艾叶驱蚊虫膏,以艾叶为主原料并加入到甘油、酒和/或醋中制成,可再加入菖蒲、大蒜、洋葱、驱蚊草、芫荽、鱼腥草、藿香、薄荷、雄黄等具有一定气味可驱蚊虫的原料增强驱蚊虫能力,还可再增加米糠麦麸等填充料、茶油芝麻油紫苏油等润滑护肤料;艾叶为鲜艾叶可将其捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或还发酵然后与其它原料混合在一起,艾叶为干艾叶可将其研粉或粉碎然后与其它原料混合在一起,可采用温度不高于75℃的巴氏消毒法进行消毒,也可进行乳化。本发明提供的艾叶驱蚊虫膏驱蚊虫效果好,一抹蚊虫不再叮咬;也可制成一种艾叶食品、治疗相关疾病用的药膏(可做成膏药、药贴)以及具备相关功能含护肤的日化品、理疗药膏,可作为家居常备品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药品、食品、日化用品、理疗辅助品等领域,特别是一种艾叶驱蚊虫膏及用法、一种艾叶食品、治疗用的药膏及相关的日化品、理疗药膏。
背景技术
艾草(学名:Artemisia argyi H. Lév. & Vaniot),别名:萧茅、冰台、遏草、香艾、蕲艾、艾萧、艾蒿、艾蒿、蓬藁、艾﹑灸草﹑医草﹑黄草﹑艾绒等。多年生草本或略成半灌木状,植株有浓烈香气。茎单生或少数,褐色或灰黄褐色,基部稍木质化,上部萆质,并有少数短的分枝,叶厚纸质,上面被灰白色短柔毛,基部通常无假托叶或极小的假托叶;上部叶与苞片叶羽状半裂、头状花序椭圆形,花冠管状或高脚杯状,外面有腺点,花药狭线形,花柱与花冠近等长或略长于花冠。瘦果长卵形或长圆形。花果期9-10月。全草入药,有温经、去湿、散寒、止血、消炎、平喘、止咳、安胎、抗过敏等作用。艾叶晒干捣碎得"艾绒",制艾条供艾灸用,又可作"印泥"的原料。分布于亚洲及欧洲地区。艾草性味苦、辛、温,入脾、肝、肾。《本草纲目》记载:艾以叶入药,性温、味苦、无毒、纯阳之性、通十二经、具回阳、理气血、逐湿寒、止血安胎等功效,亦常用于针灸。故又被称为“医草”,现在台湾正流行的“药草浴”,大多就是选用艾草。关于艾叶的性能,《本草》载:“艾叶能灸百病。”《本草从新》说:“艾叶苦辛,生温,熟热,纯阳之性,能回垂绝之阳,通十二经,走三阴,理气血,逐寒湿,暖子宫,……以之灸火,能透诸经而除百病。”说明用艾叶作施灸材料,有通经活络,祛除阴寒,消肿散结,回阳救逆等作用。现代药理发现,艾叶挥发油含量多,1.8-桉叶素(占50%以上),其他有α-侧柏酮、倍半萜烯醇及其酯。风干叶含矿物质10.13%,脂肪2.59%,蛋白质 25.85%,以及维生素A、B1、B2、C等。灸用艾叶,一般以越陈越好,故有“七年之病,求三年之艾”(《孟子》)的说法。 全草有调经止血﹑安胎止崩﹑散寒除湿之效。治***﹑经痛腹痛﹑流产﹑子宫出血, 根治风湿性关节炎﹑头风﹑月内风等。因它可削冰令圆,又可炙百病,为医家最常用之药。现代实验研究证明,艾叶具有抗菌及抗病毒作用;平喘、镇咳及祛痰作用;止血及抗凝血作用;镇静及抗过敏作用;护肝利胆作用等。艾草可作“艾叶茶”、“艾叶汤”、“艾叶粥”等食谱,以增强人体对疾病的抵抗能力。艾草具有一种特殊的香味,这特殊的香味具有驱蚊虫的功效,所以,古人常在门前挂艾草,一来用于避邪,二来用于赶走蚊虫。艾叶在体外对炭疽杆菌、α-溶血链球菌、B-溶血链球菌、白喉杆菌、假白喉杆菌、肺类双球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、柠檬色葡萄球菌、白色葡葡球菌、枯草杆菌等10种革兰氏阳性嗜气菌皆有抗菌作用。艾叶油4×10-3浓度(试管法),对肺炎双球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色葡萄球菌、甲型链球菌、大肠杆菌、伤寒杆菌、副伤寒杆菌、福氏痢疾杆菌等有抑菌作用。以野艾叶、艾条或艾绒烟熏,可用于室内消毒,与苍术或与菖蒲及雄黄或与苍术、雄黄、白芷等混合烟重,对金黄色葡萄球菌、乙型溶血性链球菌、大肠杆菌、变形杆菌、白喉杆菌、伤寒及副伤寒杆菌、绿脓杆菌、枯草杆菌、产碱杆菌以及结核杆菌(人型H37RV)均有杀灭或抑制作用。艾叶煎液对皮癣真菌的抑菌作用最为微弱(与黄连、黄芩等煎液相比较),在15%浓度时堇色毛癣菌,开始呈抑制,30%浓度时除絮状表皮癣菌、足跖毛癣菌及白色念珠菌依然发育外,其它为许兰氏黄癣菌、许兰氏黄癣菌蒙古变种、狗山芽胞癣菌、同心性毛癣菌、红色毛癣菌、铁锈色毛癣菌、堇色毛癣菌等均停止发育。曹红烈等亦证明艾叶的水浸剂(1:4),在试管内对堇色毛癣菌,许兰氏黄癣菌、奥杜盎氏小芽胞癣菌、羊毛状小芽胞癣菌、红色表皮癣菌、星形奴卡氏菌等皮肤真菌均有不同程度的抑制作用。同时,孙迅又测定艾叶烟熏法对许兰氏黄癣菌、许兰氏黄癣菌蒙古变种、同心性毛癣菌、堇色毛癣菌、红色毛癣菌、絮状表皮癣菌、铁锈色小芽胞癣菌、足跖毛癣菌、趾间毛癣菌、狗小芽胞癣菌、石膏样毛癣菌、申克氏胞于丝菌、斐氏酿母菌等致病性皮肤真菌均有不同程度的明显抗菌作用。
丙三醇是无色味甜澄明黏稠液体。无臭。有暖甜味。俗称甘油,能从空气中吸收潮气,也能吸收硫化氢、氰化氢和二氧化硫。难溶于苯、氯仿、四氯化碳、二硫化碳、石油醚和油类。丙三醇是甘油三酯分子的骨架成分。当人体摄入食用脂肪时,其中的甘油三酯经过体内代谢分解,形成甘油并储存在脂肪细胞中。因此,甘油三酯代谢的最终产物便是甘油和脂肪酸。可用作溶剂,润滑剂,药剂和甜味剂。甘油是食品加工业中通常使用的甜味剂和保湿剂,大多出现在运动食品和代乳品中。在医学方面,可用以制取各种制剂、溶剂、吸湿剂、防冻剂和甜味剂,配剂外用软膏或栓剂等。食用级甘油其中最优质一种生物精化甘油,除含有丙三醇,还有酯类、葡萄糖等还原糖,属于多元醇类甘油;除具有保湿、保润功能外,还具有高活性、抗氧化、促醇化等特殊功效。一般来说护肤可以选择纯度较高的甘油比较好,质地纯正,兑水后使用,保湿滋润效果非常好,用后水水润润的柔软皮肤,摸起来很舒服。每克甘油完全氧化可产生4千卡热量,经人体吸收后不会改变血糖和胰岛素水平。
乙醇是一种有机物,俗称酒精,是带有一个羟基的饱和一元醇,在常温、常压下是一种易燃、易挥发的无色透明液体,它的水溶液具有酒香的气味,并略带刺激。有酒的气味和刺激的辛辣滋味,微甘。乙醇液体密度是0.789g/cm(20C°) ,乙醇气体密度为1.59kg/m,沸点是78.3℃,熔点是-114.1℃,易燃,其蒸气能与空气形成***性混合物,能与水以任意比互溶。本发明中的酒指的是乙醇的水溶液,而酒剂是中药的一种常用剂型。
乙酸,也叫醋酸、冰醋酸,化学式CH3COOH,是一种有机一元酸,为食醋内酸味及刺激性气味的来源。纯的无水乙酸(冰醋酸)是无色的吸湿性液体,凝固点为16.7℃(62℉),凝固后为无色晶体。尽管根据乙酸在水溶液中的解离能力它是一种弱酸,但是乙酸是具有腐蚀性的,其蒸汽对眼和鼻有刺激性作用。在人类历史中,以醋的形式存在的乙酸,一直是用醋杆菌属细菌制备。在氧气充足的情况下,这些细菌能够从含有酒精的食物中生产出乙酸。醋的一般组成为浸膏质、灰分、挥发酸、不挥发酸、还原糖。具体物质有高级醇类、3-羟基丁酮、二羟基丙酮、酪醇、乙醛、甲醛、乙缩醛、乙酸(含量3~5%)、琥珀酸、草酸及山梨糖等糖类。醋在中医药中也经常被使用,同时也可以帮助发酵。
雄黄,α-As4S4又称作石黄、黄金石、鸡冠石,是一种含硫和砷的矿石,质软,性脆,通常为粒状,紧密状块,或者粉末,条痕呈浅桔红色。雄黄主要产于低温热液矿床中,常与雌黄(As2S3)、辉锑矿、辰砂共生;产于温泉沉积物和硫质火山喷气孔内沉积物的雄黄,则常与雌黄共生。不溶于水和盐酸,可溶于硝酸,溶液呈黄色。置于阳光下曝晒,会变为黄色的雌黄和砷华,所以保存应避光以免受风化。加热到一定温度后在空气中可以被氧化为剧毒成分三氧化二砷,即砒霜。体内外均有杀虫作用。水浸剂对金黄色葡萄球菌、人体结核杆菌、变形杆菌、绿脓球菌及多种皮肤真菌均有不同程度的抑制作用,可败毒抗癌、祛痰镇惊、杀虫疗疮、消炎退肿。性味归经:辛,温;有毒。归肝、大肠经。《本草纲目》:夺、平、寒、有毒。功能主治:解毒杀虫,燥湿祛痰,截疟。用于痈肿疔疮,蛇虫咬伤,虫积腹痛,惊痫,疟疾。毒副作用:主要成分为硫化砷,导致砷中毒,损伤神经、血管,并可引起肝、肾、脾及心肌等实质器官的脂肪变性和坏死和致癌。
乳化是一种液体以极微小液滴均匀地分散在互不相溶的另一种液体中的作用。乳化是液-液界面现象,两种不相溶的液体,如油与水,在容器中分成两层,密度小的油在上层,密度大的水在下层。若加入适当的表面活性剂在强烈的搅拌下,油被分散在水中,形成乳状液,该过程叫乳化。乳状液是化妆品中最广泛的剂型,从水样的流体到粘稠的膏霜等。因此,乳状液的讨论对化妆品的研究和生产,以及保存和使用有着极其重要的意义。乳化剂通常是指表面活性剂。表面活性剂是这样一种物质,在溶剂中加入少量时即显著降低其表面张力,改变体系界面状态,从而产生润湿、乳化或破乳、分散或凝集、起泡或消泡、增溶等一系列的作用,以满足应用的要求。乳化剂都具有与乳化粒子相互作用的能力,故能以络合的方式加到被保护的粒子上,从而使被保护粒子的电荷和溶剂化物膜增强,体系的稳定性得到提高。乳化剂可以降低两相之间界面张力和形成单分子界面膜使乳状液稳定,它还能形成空间的或静电阻挡层,防止乳化粒子聚集,同样可以使乳状液稳定。界面膜的弹性和体系的粘度是乳状液稳定的重要因素。乳化剂按其极性基团的性质,可分为阴离予型、阳离子型、两性型和非离子型四类。乳状液是由水相和油相所组成的,乳状液的制备一般是先分别制备出水相和油相,然后再将它们混合而得到乳状液。制备乳状液的机械设备主要是乳化机,它是一种使油、水两相混合均匀的乳化设备,乳化机的类型主要有三种:乳化搅拌机、胶体磨和均质器。乳化温度对乳化好坏有很大的影响,但对温度并无严格的限制,如若油、水皆为液体时,就可在室温下依借搅拌达到乳化。一般乳化温度取决于二相中所含有高熔点物质的熔点,还要考虑乳化剂种类及油相与水相的溶解度等因素。此外,二相之温度需保持近相同,尤其是对含有较高熔点(70℃以上)的蜡、脂油相成分,进行乳化时,不能将低温之水相加入,以防止在乳化前将蜡、脂结晶析出,造成块状或粗糙不均匀乳状液。一般来说在进行乳化时,油、水两相的温度皆可控制在75℃-85℃之间。
现有的驱蚊虫药品大都添加了化学合成物质,具有一定毒性,在儿童婴幼儿可以接触到的场合这就很令人不放心,市场需要一种无毒的驱蚊虫药品。
发明内容
当今市场上驱蚊虫药品大都添加了化学合成物质,具有一定毒性,本发明的目的在于解决现有驱蚊虫药品具有毒性令人不放心的,提供一种艾叶驱蚊虫膏,可以做到天然无毒,儿童婴幼儿可以放心接触及使用。本发明是在发明人无意中发现的,尽管民间有用艾叶菖蒲驱邪驱蚊虫的习惯,但实际使用中传统悬挂方法并不见得能够驱蚊虫,挂了艾叶菖蒲仍然有蚊虫活动及叮咬。发明人常在某处进行户外活动,天气变热后有次穿大短裤结果裸露的小腿被蚊虫咬得遍体红疱,又痒又胀,多次如此,后来无意中将旁边生长的艾草取其顶部嫩叶捻碎涂抹在裸露的小腿上,结果蚊虫不再叮咬同时已有的红疱不再痒胀并慢慢消退。回家后即着手进行实验,制成可以商业化的产品,以方便随时使用,毕竟艾叶不是随时随地可采。本发明中所用中草药除非特别注明一般指干品均按照中草药有关规范采收炮制使用,直接使用植物鲜品的按民间通用的常规做法采收使用,其有关加工步骤本发明中不再赘述;同样,可能涉及的乳化、发酵过程等除非特别注明均按照通常的加工工艺与步骤;所有涉及的已知技术除非本发明有特殊的要求否则均不赘述,点到为止。
本发明的艾叶驱蚊虫膏,其技术方案在于由以下成分制成:
其主要原料重量百分比为:艾叶30-85%,甘油、酒、醋15-60%。艾叶是驱蚊虫的主功能原料,其功能作用在背景技术已做介绍。甘油、酒、醋是制成商品化产品的主配料,作为填充的基本配料,甘油、酒、醋中任意一种或任意组合均可,它们的功能作用在背景技术也已做介绍。
可选添加的辅助原料重量百分比为:明胶0.1-1%,果胶0.5-5%,菖蒲15-28%且不超过艾叶重量的三分之一,大蒜5-15%、洋葱5-15%、驱蚊草5-15%、芫荽5-15%、鱼腥草5-15%、藿香5-15%、薄荷5-15%中任意一种或任意组合且总量不超过艾叶重量的三分之一,雄黄5-20%且不超过艾叶重量的三分之一,米糠5-20%、麦麸5-20%中任意一种或两种组合且总量不超过25%,茶油5-20%、芝麻油5-20%、紫苏油5-20%中任意一种或任意组合且总量不超过25%,乌饭树叶浸汁0.2-2%、枫香树叶浸汁0.2-2%中任意一种或两种组合且总量不超过3%,不超过1%的起防腐作用的其它添加剂;可选是指可以选用,也可以不选用,不选用时那就只剩下前面的主要原料了;如果选用,上述每一类别选一或选择任意组合均可,每一类别内不止一种的也是选一或选择任意组合均可。所有原料重量百分比之和为100%,也就是说在配置本艾叶驱蚊虫膏时,所有被选用原料不得低于其最低比例且合计起来为100%。菖蒲、大蒜、洋葱、驱蚊草、芫荽、鱼腥草、藿香、薄荷、雄黄等都是具有一定功能作用包括杀菌护肤等的中草药(雄黄是矿石类中药,也属于广义的中草药),在中医运用上可以与艾叶配伍使用,同时这些中草药又具备一定的驱蚊虫能力,很多都是有特殊气味的,与艾叶配合使用可进一步增强驱蚊虫能力,其中医及食品等上的功效作用不再一一赘述,可以参考有关药典与常识(互联网上可查)。起防腐作用的其它添加剂则是为了解决制成商品的保质问题,在功能原料与配料一起使用还达不到所需要的保质要求时就可以添加,若已经达到要求则不需要添加,比如在保质期比较短的情况下,或者所有原料中具有防腐杀菌的原料配比比较高以满足保质要求的情况下;作为药品则添加符合药品要求的添加剂,作为食品则添加符合食品要求的添加剂,以此类推,常见的添加剂有山梨酸钾、苯甲酸钠等等。
明胶(Gelatin),没有固定的结构和相对分子量,由动物皮肤、骨 、 肌膜、肌魅等***中的胶原部分降解而成为白色或淡黄色、半透明、微带光泽的薄片或粉粒;是一种无色无味,无挥发性、透明坚硬的非晶体物质,可溶于热水,不溶于冷水,但可以缓慢吸水膨胀软化,明胶可吸收相当于重量5-10倍的水。明胶是是非常重要的天然生物高分子材料之一,已被广泛应用于食品、医药及化工产业。明胶(Gelatin)是胶原的水解产物,是一种无脂肪的高蛋白,且不含胆固醇,是一种天然营养型的食品增稠剂。食用后既不会使人发胖,也不会导致体力下降。明胶还是一种强有力的保护胶体,乳化力强,进入胃后能抑制牛奶、豆浆等蛋白质因胃酸作用而引起的凝聚作用,从而有利于食物消化。明胶为亲水性胶体,属于两性电解质,具有起泡和稳泡的作用,在凝固温度附近作用更明显,在冰淇淋的生产过程中,明胶可以保护胶体,有效防止冰晶增大,使产品的口感细腻。可以选用明胶起增稠和乳化等作用。果胶(Pectin),是一类天然高分子化合物,它主要存在于所有的高等植物中,是植物细胞间质的重要成分。果胶沉积于初生细胞壁和细胞间层,在初生壁中与不同含量的纤维素、半纤维素、木质素的微纤丝以及某些伸展蛋白(extensin)相互交联,使各种细胞组织结构坚硬,表现出固有的形态,为内部细胞的支撑物质。果胶也是一种天然的食物添加剂,为制造果酱、果冻等的原料。作为食品添加剂的果胶产品为白色到淡黄褐色粉末,稍有特异臭。溶于20倍的水成粘稠密状液体,对石蕊试纸呈酸性,不溶于乙醇及其他有机溶剂。按其结构中甲氧基含量的多少,分为高甲氧基甲胶和低甲氧基果胶两种。此外,果胶也可为水果保鲜之用。在食品上作胶凝剂、增稠剂、稳定剂、悬浮剂、乳化剂、增香增效剂,并可用于化妆品,对保护皮肤,防止紫外线辐射,冶疗创口,美容养颜都存一定的作用。可以选用果胶起增稠和乳化等作用,也可利用其护肤等作用。
米糠是稻谷脱壳后精碾稻米时的副产物,是稻谷脱壳后依附在糙米上的表层物质,由外果皮、中果皮、交联层、种皮及糊粉层组成,又称为米皮,不包括我们日常生活中常称为糠的谷壳。米糠油脂的含量(W)为14%~24%,蛋白质为12%~18%,植酸盐为7-11%,无氮浸出物为28%~43%,水分为7%~14%,灰分为8%~12%,其中米糠蛋白质含量几乎高出普通精米的一倍。此外,米糠中还富含矿物质营养素、B族维生素和维生素E、膳食纤维、蛋白质、氨基酸等多种营养成分,在营养学上是十分优良的原料。但是,由于米糠的外观差、有异味和缺乏可食性等原因,使得米糠至今未得到充分利用,目前主要用作饲料及提取米糠油等。国内外的研究结果和资料表明,米糠中富含各种营养素和生理活性物质。因为食品级米糠虽然只占稻谷重量的6%,但占稻谷营养的约60%,是大米碾白过程中的碾下物,所以其也被人们称为“米珍”或是“米粕”。麦麸为麦加工时脱下的麸皮。麦麸原植物麦为禾本科—年生或二年生草本,我国栽培的种类甚多,有小麦、大麦、燕麦、黑麦等,尤以小麦、大麦栽培最普遍。以小麦为例作概要介绍,小麦适应性强,分布广,用途多,是世界上最重要的粮食作物之—。现代营养学研究资料表明,麦麸所含的营养成分很丰富。以甘肃临夏所产麸皮为例,每100克含有31.3克膳食纤维,是所有粮食食品中含量最高的,而且富含胡萝卜素120微克,尼克酸12.5毫克,维生素E4.47毫克,以及含钙206毫克,镁382毫克,铁9.9毫克,锰10.85毫克,锌5.98毫克,铜2.03毫克,磷682毫克,硒7.12微克等,以上这些在所有粮食食品中有许多都是独占鳌头的。值得—提的是,麸皮的含钾量十分丰富,而含钠相对低得多,每100克麸皮含钾862毫克,钠12.2毫克,其K因子>70,是优质高钾食物,而且麸皮中还含有极其丰富的铬元素,是人体缺钾、缺铬的极好补充食物。我国历代医学专家都很重视麦麸的药用保健功效。中医学认为,麦麸性味甘、凉,无毒,归心、脾、肾经,有养心益肾、健脾和血、清热调中等功效,能“除心烦,治消渴”。李时珍在《本草纲目》中记载,麦麸可治“扑损伤折瘀血”,并能“益气除烦”。现代医学研究证实,麦麸是一种高纤维食物,饮食中增加高纤维食物,将增加胃肠的蠕动,可使脂肪及氮***增加,并增加排便量。医学专家们认为,这在临床上很有意义,临床常见的膳食纤维缺乏性疾病有血脂异常、糖尿病、动脉粥样硬化症、冠状动脉疾病、结肠癌、痔疮、肠过敏综合征、老年习惯性便秘等,患这类疾病者常食麦麸及其制品有明显的排粪毒作用。可以选用米糠、麦麸作为填充料降低成本同时也可利用其在中医、食品方面的功效作用。
大蒜 Allium sativum L.(Garlic)属百合科葱属,以鳞茎入药。春、夏采收,扎把,悬挂通风处,阴干备用。6月叶枯时采挖,除去泥沙,通风晾干或烘烤至外皮干燥。大蒜呈扁球形或短圆锥形,外面有灰白色或淡棕色膜质鳞皮,剥去鳞叶,内有6~10个蒜瓣,轮生于花茎的周围,茎基部盘状,生有多数须根。每一蒜瓣外包薄膜,剥去薄膜,即见白色、肥厚多汁的鳞片。有浓烈的蒜辣气,味辛辣。大蒜性温,味辛平;入脾、胃、肺经。阴虚火旺及慢性胃炎溃疡病患者应慎食。外用能引起皮肤发红,灼热,起泡,故不宜敷之过久,皮肤过敏者慎用。大蒜油是从大蒜中提取的物质,呈现明亮透明琥珀色的液体,含有重要的活性硫化物,其主要成分属硫醚类化合物,化学性质比较稳定,在非强酸环境中可耐120℃以上高温而不易分解,但若长期暴露于紫外线下,可诱发分解,遇碱易失效。大蒜油主要用于食品工业。大蒜油是一种广谱抗菌物质,具有活化细胞、促进能量产生、增加抗菌及抗病毒能力、加快新陈代谢、缓解疲劳等多种药理功能。因此,在很多领域都有广泛的应用。医疗方面大蒜油可用于治疗感染性疾病、消化***疾病、口腔疾病、心脑血管疾病等,且具有防衰老、防金属中毒、防癌抗癌等作用。洋葱(学名:Allium cepa),别名球葱、圆葱、玉葱、葱头、荷兰葱、皮牙子等,.百合科、葱属二年生草本植物。洋葱含有***素A,能降低外周血管阻力,降低血粘度,可用于降低血压、提神醒脑、缓解压力、预防感冒。此外,洋葱还能清除体内氧自由基,增强新陈代谢能力,抗衰老,预防骨质疏松,是适合中老年人的保健食物。洋葱油是百合科植物洋葱中提取的物质,为琥珀黄至琥珀橙色透明液体。主成分为二烯丙基二硫化物、二甲基二硫化物、甲基烯丙基二硫化物、二丙基二硫化物、丙基烯丙烯二硫化物等,具强烈刺激和持久的洋葱特征香气和气味,具有和大蒜油类似的作用。主要用于汤料、肉类、沙司、调料等食品,也用于药品。可以选用大蒜洋葱或对应的大蒜油洋葱油来杀菌,也可利用其其它功效。
乌饭树,属杜鹃花科常绿灌木。多分布于我国南方地区,因人们有每年阴历三月初三用其叶蒸乌饭食用而得名。据《我国天然黑色素资源研究概况》一文所述,南烛叶(即乌饭树叶,下同)色素含有极为丰富有效成分,大致有类,如花青昔类、黄酮类、酚性化合物、单宁类、三菇类、各种有机酸和肌醇、维生素等,且着色能力强。南烛叶色素具有龙眼香气,无异味,有较强吸湿性,易溶于水,微溶于乙醇,不溶于***、脂类和油类,对自然光、食盐、糖等稳定,易受温度、值、氧化剂和还原剂影响而发生变色或褪色。枫香树又名枫树、黑饭木,系金缕梅科枫香属,全株均可入药,树皮、根、叶味辛,微苦,性温,气香,有祛风湿、行气、解毒等功效,可用于行气止痛、止血、主胃脘疼痛、伤署腹痛、痢疾、泄泻、痈肿疮疡、湿疹、咳血、创伤出血等症。我国民间早已有食用枫香树色素习惯。《我国天然黑色素资源研究概况》一文认为其保健功能与它们所含黑色素分不开,黑色素具有:1、清除体内自由基的作用;2、抗氧化.降血脂作用;3、抗肿瘤作用;4、美容作用;5、对性功能的促进作用等。可以选用乌饭树叶浸汁、枫香树叶浸汁进行着色(可用于护发黑发)、防腐(乌米饭可以常规条件下放置好几天而不会馊),也可以利用其中医上的其它功效。
茶油是从野生木本油科植物“油茶果”提取而成,是世界四大著名木本植物油之一。油茶是我国特有的油料树种,茶油更是我国特有的优质食用油,品位可与橄榄油相媲美。油茶全身都是宝,茶籽经过加工制成的茶油是一种优质食用油,色佳味香,营养丰富,有降低血压、血脂和软化血管等作用。长期食用,人的皮肤细嫩润泽,头发乌黑发亮,并增加人体免疫力,具有极高的美容、保健价值。野茶油可以显著降低血液中胆固醇、甘油三酯水平,降低血小板聚集率,减缓血栓形成趋势,对心血管***具有保护作用,是糖尿病、心血管患者及三高(高血压、高血脂、高血糖)人群首选的健康食用油。茶油还可以外用,对于护肤美容具有很好的效果:一是能抗紫外光,防止晒斑及去皱纹。云南是著名的产茶区,当地的女士常用茶油作梳头、搽面及用茶籽洗头。所以,虽地处高原,紫外光强烈的地区,很奇怪,当地的妇女皮肤却能保持雪白娇嫩,而邻近的西藏妇女的皮肤却粗糙不堪。二是具有杀菌、抗病毒及增强免疫作用,对暗疮有显著疗效而,对黄褐斑、晒斑等也很有效果,能防止头癣、脱发、皮屑(Dandruff)及止痒,可作洗发剂及护发素使用。在我国传统的中药方中常以茶油调制各种药膏、药丸,内服的,外用的,用途非常广泛。芝麻油(或称麻油、香油)是以芝麻为原料提炼制作的食用油。纯芝麻油气味浓香,常呈淡红色或红中带黄。根据加工制作工艺的不同,分为小磨香油(小磨麻油)、机制香油(机制麻油)和大槽麻油三类。其保健功能有:(1)延缓衰老(2)保护血管。(3)润肠通便。(4)减轻烟酒毒害。(5)保护嗓子。(6)治疗鼻炎。核桃油是采用核桃仁为原料,压榨而成的植物油,属于可食用油。核桃油有滋润皮肤、美容养颜的作用,核桃油富含与皮肤亲和力极佳的角鲨稀和人体必须脂肪酸,这两种物质能迅速被子皮肤所吸收,能有效保护皮肤的弹性的润泽,能消除面部皱纹,防止肌肤衰老。紫苏又名赤苏、苏子、也有叫白苏,是国家首批批准的药食两用植物,具有消痰、润肺、止痛、解毒等功效。紫苏油是以紫苏为原料提取的食用油,含а-亚麻酸达56.14-64.82%,а-亚麻酸是人体必需的脂肪酸,它在人体中转化为代谢必要的生命活性因子DHA和EPA(植物脑黄金),不含胆固醇,对人体具有更显著的保健功能和医药功效。现代医学研究证实:紫苏油具有降低血脂,减少心脑血管疾病;营养大脑,促进发育,增强智力,提高记忆力;调节免疫,延缓衰老,预防老年痴呆症;有助视网膜的生长发育,改善视力;预防及抑制肿瘤形成,防癌效果好,目前已广泛应用于医药和保健食品等领域。也可以外用,防止妊娠纹的产生等。可以选择茶油、核桃油、芝麻油、紫苏油主要是利用其护肤的功能,当然也可以利用其它的中医、食品方面的功效作用。
其加工方法为:
第一种方法是艾叶为鲜艾叶的情况:所述艾叶为鲜艾叶将鲜艾叶捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵然后与其它原料混合在一起且其中除添加剂外为干品的原料在混合前先研成粉、为中草药植物鲜品的原料在混合前先捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵再通过搅拌使其混合均匀制成,将鲜艾叶直接捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者直接发酵后捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者捣泥、磨浆或粉碎后再发酵,然后与其它原料混合在一起且其中除添加剂外为干品的原料在混合前先研成粉、为中草药植物鲜品的原料在混合前先捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前发酵(和鲜艾叶处理类似,也包括三种情况1、直接捣泥、磨浆或粉碎;2、直接发酵后捣泥、磨浆或粉碎3、捣泥、磨浆或粉碎后再发酵)再通过搅拌使其混合均匀制成;除开添加剂和艾叶,茶油、芝麻油、紫苏油是植物油,乌饭树叶浸枫香树叶浸汁是水溶液,甘油是一种油但可与水混溶,酒醋均为液体,这些不是干品也不能叫鲜品;菖蒲、大蒜、洋葱、驱蚊草、芫荽、鱼腥草、藿香、薄荷、雄黄、米糠、麦麸等中,大蒜、洋葱一般使用鲜品(并非需要刚刚采收,采收后放一段时间保存得好可以放一年以上,但必须是基本没有脱水,其它的鲜品同)当然也可以在艾叶为干艾叶时使用大蒜洋葱干品但太麻烦了,米糠、麦麸、雄黄均为干品无论艾叶使用鲜品还是干品,菖蒲、驱蚊草、芫荽、鱼腥草、藿香、薄荷一般则是艾叶使用鲜品则为鲜品、艾叶使用干品则为干品,当然也可不这样对应,有干品原料则使用干品原料有鲜品则使用鲜品,这样更方便;在混合前,所有干品要先研成粉,所有鲜品(或在发酵后)要捣泥、磨浆或粉碎,然后再和其它液体原料混合,添加剂是可溶解于水的也在这时混合,下同。第二种方法也是艾叶为鲜艾叶的情况:所述艾叶为鲜艾叶将鲜艾叶捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵后采用温度不高于75℃的巴氏消毒法进行消毒然后与其它原料混合在一起且其中除添加剂外为干品的原料在混合前先研成粉、为中草药植物鲜品的原料在混合前先捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵再通过搅拌使其混合均匀制成,和第一种方法不同的是增加了一个巴氏消毒法进行消毒的过程,控制温度是为了保持艾叶等包含的天然物质的活性(有些物质高温会分解或变性)。第三种方法也是艾叶为鲜艾叶的情况:前面两种加工方法中的“然后与其它原料混合在一起且其中除添加剂外为干品的原料在混合前先研成粉、为中草药植物鲜品的原料在混合前先捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵再通过搅拌使其混合均匀制成”替换为“然后与其它原料一起放至乳化装置进行乳化且其中除添加剂外为干品的原料在混合前先研成粉、为中草药植物鲜品的原料在乳化前先捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵再通过搅拌使其混合或还另添加不超过总重量2%的用于起乳化作用的乳化剂”,这种方法其实是在前面两种方法的基础上增加了一个乳化过程,这样做出来的商品卖相更好。第四种方法则是艾叶为干艾叶的情况:前面三种加工方法中的“所述艾叶为鲜艾叶将鲜艾叶捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵”及对鲜艾叶的其它加工方法替换为“所述艾叶为干艾叶将干艾叶研粉或粉碎”,前面的鲜艾叶替换为干艾叶,相应的加工方法也相应变为将干艾叶研粉或粉碎,干艾叶不能发酵。第五种方法也是艾叶为鲜艾叶的情况:将前三种加工方法中的将鲜品捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵后的中间制品采用低温干燥法干燥形成的干品再与其它原料混合在一起,在第一二三种方法的基础上增加了一个对鲜艾叶中间制品低温干燥法干燥的过程,也可以对为中草药植物鲜品的原料的中间制品做同样的处理,限于篇幅这里就不赘述了,如果完全或接近完全去除原料中的水分又充分保留其中的有效成分(艾叶及其它中草药鲜品),这样更加利于保质和提高功效(因为有效成分浓度增加了)。
上述艾叶驱蚊虫膏的技术方案可以在一些细节上进一步明确:
乌饭树叶浸汁可以是按乌饭树叶和水重量比为1比2-6浸出的,太浓不经济,太淡没有效果;枫香树叶浸汁可以是按枫香树叶和水重量比为1比2-6浸出的,太浓不经济,太淡没有效果;乳化的温度不高于75℃,控制温度是为了保持艾叶等包含的天然物质的活性(有些物质高温会分解或变性);鲜艾叶在捣泥、磨浆或粉碎前可采用紫外线杀菌,还可进一步明确所述紫外线杀菌的时间不少于5分钟;鲜艾叶与其它为中草药植物鲜品的原料可以是分别、分组或一同捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵,分别即各种原料分别加工,分组即各种原料分组加工其中至少一组不少于两种原料,一同则是都一起加工;为中草药植物鲜品的原料在捣泥、磨浆或粉碎后混合前采用了温度不高于75℃的巴氏消毒法进行消毒,控制温度是为了保持艾叶等包含的天然物质的活性(有些物质高温会分解或变性),还可进一步明确该巴氏消毒法进行消毒的时间不少于15分钟,这样可以保证消毒的效果;非艾叶的其它鲜品原料在捣泥、磨浆或粉碎后混合前采用低温干燥法干燥,完全或接近完全去除原料中的水分又充分保留其中的有效成分(艾叶及其它中草药鲜品),这样更加利于保质和提高功效(因为有效成分浓度增加了);起防腐作用的添加剂为天然物或为人工合成品,一般消费者喜欢天然物;乳化剂为天然物或为人工合成品,一般消费者喜欢天然物;巴氏消毒法进行消毒的时间不少于15分钟,指对鲜艾叶捣泥、磨浆或粉碎产生的中间制品进行消毒,消毒的时间不少于15分钟,这样可以保证消毒的效果;酒中乙醇含量不低于40%,乙醇浓度要达到一定程度才能更好的保质;醋中乙酸含量不低于3%,乙酸浓度要达到一定程度才能更好的保质。以上措施可以选一也可选择任意组合。
上述艾叶驱蚊虫膏可以置于透气小容器中,透气是为了让其气味散发出来,以达到驱蚊虫的功效;可以进一步明确所述小容器为织物制作而成从而制成香囊,也可以进一步明确所述小容器可以多个一同串起从而制成手链、脚链或项链,还可以进一步明确所述小容器可以钩、挂、吸附、绑扎或粘合于衣服、鞋、帽、皮带、柜、橱、门或窗上或内,也可以进一步明确所述小容器容量小于0.1ml、0.2ml、0.3 ml、0.5 ml、1ml、2 ml、3 ml、5ml、10 ml、20 ml、30 ml、40 ml或50 ml,小型的可以控制用量,这样可以在不同的场合选择使用不同特征(其中一个或任意组合的多个)的容器来容纳使用。
可以将上述艾叶驱蚊虫膏吸附在布、纸或皮上使之具备驱蚊虫功能,比如将一块布上吸附艾叶驱蚊虫膏然后放到衣柜里驱虫;也可以将所述艾叶驱蚊虫膏吸附在构成某物体一部分的布、纸或皮上使该物体具备驱蚊虫功能,比如在户外活动中将外裤下半截吸附了艾叶驱蚊虫膏再穿可以防止蛇虫咬。
上述艾叶驱蚊虫膏在制备可以食用的艾叶食品中的应用,如果艾叶驱蚊虫膏其所有原料都采用食用级原料且全部加工工艺按照食品加工的要求,那么这种产品不仅可以用作艾叶驱蚊虫膏,还可用作可以食用的艾叶食品,具备艾叶和其它植物源原料等纯天然物质的食用功效;可以在此基础上其所有原料剔除不宜食用的原料使之不含不宜食用的原料,可进一步明确上述不宜食用的原料包括菖蒲、驱蚊草和雄黄,雄黄有毒不能摄入过多,菖蒲根也有毒,驱蚊草则一般不用于食用。可实现其中包含发酵过程的是与其它食品原料一起发酵,比如和制面包、蛋糕、馒头、包子的面粉一起发酵,比如和制米馒头的米糊、酿酒的谷物、大米制品一起发酵等等,可以进一步明确本艾叶食品所有原料不超过全部原料总重量的一半,也可进一步明确其它食品原料包括面粉/谷物制品-一般要煮熟。上述艾叶食品可以制成胶囊也可采用独立小包装分装还可同时制成胶囊并采用独立小包装分装。而且有些食用功效和其中医药上的功效是相互关联的,只不过这里是内服(即食用)而非外用。
上述艾叶驱蚊虫膏在制备可散寒除湿、抗菌、抗病毒、抗过敏、辅助治疗皮肤疾病、辅助治疗蚊虫叮咬或辅助治疗皮肤创伤的药膏中的应用,上述艾叶驱蚊虫膏按其配方配伍同时也具有相应的治疗作用,成为一种药膏,可以用于散寒除湿、抗菌、抗病毒、抗过敏、辅助治疗皮肤疾病、辅助治疗蚊虫叮咬或辅助治疗皮肤创伤。也可进一步将上述药膏涂在布、纸或皮上制成膏药或药贴,还可进一步将所述药膏吸附在构成某物体一部分的布、纸或皮上使该物体该部分可成为膏药或药贴。上述药贴可以为眼贴、腕贴、肘贴、腰贴、背贴、手掌贴、脚掌贴、下巴贴、腮贴、踝贴、脐贴、腋贴、脖贴、颈贴、***贴、关节贴或穴位贴,这里是根据贴的部位进行区分的。本发明中膏药和药贴的区分是膏药可以自行粘附于所贴之处(贴于皮肤上由于紧密粘合容易导致皮肤过敏),而药贴则需要采用其它的方法使之贴近于所贴之处(没有粘合,不会导致皮肤过敏),比如粘带辅助固定、依靠重力自然贴近(如人躺倒而药贴贴近于人朝上一面某个部位)。
上述艾叶驱蚊虫膏在制备日化品中的应用,上述艾叶驱蚊虫膏按其配方配伍同时也可作为其它作用的日化用品,可直接作为其它作用的日化用品,也可按某种日化用品本来的配方将本艾叶驱蚊虫膏的原料加进去,不过可以限定不添加太多,如进一步明确其中加工过程是与制备日化品的其它原料一起加工且本艾叶驱蚊虫膏所有原料不超过全部原料总重量的一半。上述日化品可以为牙膏、肥皂、杀菌膏、护肤膏、洗发膏或面膜敷料,杀菌、护肤等功能是本艾叶驱蚊虫膏配方具有的功效,可以用于相关的日化用品中使其具备这种功效,也可进一步将上述杀菌膏、护肤膏、洗发膏或面膜敷料涂在布、纸或皮上分别制成杀菌膜、护肤膜、洗发膜或面膜,这样更宜于商品化及使用。
上述艾叶驱蚊虫膏和上述药膏均可用作理疗药膏,即理疗时作为辅助药膏增加理疗效果,或通过理疗增加药膏功效。理疗是利用人工或自然界物理因素作用于人体,使之产生有利的反应,达到预防和治疗疾病目的的方法,是康复治疗的重要内容。物理因素通过对局部的直接作用,和神经、体液的间接作用引起人体反应,调整血液循环,改善营养代谢,提高免疫功能,调节神经***功能,促进组织修复,因而消除致病因素,改善病理过程,达到治病目的。常用人工物理因素有电、光、声、磁、温度和机械力等。电疗分直流电、低频电、中频电、高频电和静电等疗法;光疗分红外线、可见光线、紫外线和激光等疗法;声疗又分超声波和超低声疗法;利用温度的治疗有热疗、冷疗和冷冻疗法;利用机械力的疗法有按摩、推拿、手法治疗、牵引和运动等。运动疗法是理疗的重要内容,是综合利用患者的力和外加的机械力以防治疾病的方法。常用的自然界物理因素有日光、大气、海水、矿泉、高山和森林等,人处在不同的自然环境中,接受环境中的不同自然物理因素的综合影响,防治疾病。人工物理因素也可用于物理诊断,理疗科常用低频脉冲电测定周围神经功能状态,用压力传感器测定人体重心的变化,以判断平衡功能,用紫外线红斑反应测定人体对日光是否敏感,测定穴位电兴奋性以估计经络的功能状态等。理疗在临床应用广泛,如急、慢性炎症,急、慢性损伤,肢体运动功能障碍,疼痛症候群,内脏器官功能失调等。理疗配合理疗药膏可以相得益彰,可以进一步明确所述理疗药膏为按摩膏、电疗膏、磁疗膏、热疗膏或火疗膏,也可进一步将上述按摩膏、电疗膏、磁疗膏、热疗膏或火疗膏涂在布、纸或皮上分别制成按摩膜、电疗膜、磁疗膜、热疗膜或火疗膜再使用,当然理疗药膏用于包括但不限于上述列举的理疗方式,除了按摩、电疗、磁疗、热疗、火疗等外,还可以是其它的理疗方式,比如牵引、光疗等等。这里热疗和火疗的区别在于火疗直接用火焰而热疗无火焰。为了增加理疗效果,可以在按摩膏中另添加不超过总重量2%的用于辅助按摩的植物精油如玫瑰油、印度神油,可以在电疗膏中添加用于辅助电疗的可溶解的金属盐如食盐,可以在磁疗膏中添加辅助磁疗的磁性材料如铁粉或铁钕硼粉,可以在热疗膏中添加辅助热疗的矿物质如海泥硅藻泥,可以在火疗膏中添加或辅助火疗的矿物质如海泥硅藻泥。可以进一步明确所述理疗药膏为熏膏、烤膏或蒸膏,熏膏是指通过灼烧产生烟雾的理疗药膏,可放在香炉中使用,烤膏是指通过烘烤产生烟雾的理疗药膏,可在电烤器加热时同时使用,蒸膏是指通过蒸煮产生蒸汽的理疗药膏,可在桑拿时使用。在使用时可以将上述熏膏用可燃材料完全或不完全包裹,类似于卷烟就是不完全包裹,可将上述烤膏用导热材料完全或不完全包裹,如用金属容器容纳后放入加热装置,可将上述蒸膏用隔水材料完全或不完全包裹,如用陶瓷容器容纳后放入蒸煮装置。
艾叶驱蚊虫膏及及拓展艾叶食品、治疗用的药膏及相关的日化品、理疗药膏原料来源广泛,配方可简可繁,且基本配方简单而独特,加工方法工艺在简单的基础上又有许多创新,在直接捣烂混合基础上探索增加了发酵、消毒、乳化等许多更利于提高功效和商品化的加工步骤,用于驱蚊虫效果非常显著,相应的作为艾叶食品、治疗用的药膏及相关的日化品、理疗药膏也有明显效果,除了可以用来辅助治疗包括皮肤疾病在内的很多疾病,很多场合还可以作为护肤美容的常备产品。本品功能多而实用,可以作为一种居家常备用品。
具体实施方案
实施例1
一种艾叶驱蚊虫膏
鲜艾叶40kg、甘油20kg、果胶1 kg,将鲜艾叶捣烂成泥然后连同果胶加入到甘油中充分混合拌匀,分装到50ml容量的小瓶中密闭阴凉处保存;还可再加入雄黄5kg一起充分混合拌匀,这样保质期更长。可以放入10ml左右的透气瓶中,然后置于衣柜中驱虫。
上述艾叶驱蚊虫膏可用作治疗用的药膏及相关的日化品(可以用作护肤膏或洗头发的洗发膏)、理疗药膏。
实施例2
一种艾叶食品
鲜艾叶20kg、甘油10kg、果胶1 kg,大蒜2 kg,米糠20kg,麦麸20kg,乌饭树叶浸汁1 kg,将鲜艾叶、大蒜捣烂成泥,米糠、麦麸磨粉,然后与甘油果胶乌饭树叶浸汁充分混合拌匀,分装到500ml容量的密封袋中密闭阴凉处保存;还可再加入10-100g的防腐用食品添加剂一起充分混合拌匀,这样保质期更长。
上述食品可用作艾叶驱蚊虫膏、治疗用的药膏、相关的日化品(可以用作护肤膏或洗头发的洗发膏)、理疗药膏。
Claims (9)
1.一种艾叶驱蚊虫膏,其特征在于由以下成分制成:
其主要原料重量百分比为:
艾叶30-85%,甘油和/或酒和/或醋15-60%;
可选添加的辅助原料重量百分比为:
明胶0.1-1%,和/或果胶0.5-5%,和/或菖蒲15-28%且不超过艾叶重量的三分之一,和/或大蒜5-15%、洋葱5-15%、驱蚊草5-15%、芫荽5-15%、鱼腥草5-15%、藿香5-15%、薄荷5-15%中任意一种或任意组合且总量不超过艾叶重量的三分之一,和/或雄黄5-20%且不超过艾叶重量的三分之一,和/或米糠5-20%、麦麸5-20%中任意一种或两种组合且总量不超过25%,和/或茶油5-20%、芝麻油5-20%、紫苏油5-20%中任意一种或任意组合且总量不超过25%,和/或乌饭树叶浸汁0.2-2%、枫香树叶浸汁0.2-2%中任意一种或两种组合且总量不超过3%,和/或不超过1%的起防腐作用的其它添加剂;
所有原料重量百分比之和为100%;
其加工方法为:
所述艾叶为鲜艾叶将鲜艾叶捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵然后与其它原料混合在一起且其中除添加剂外为干品的原料在混合前先研成粉、为中草药植物鲜品的原料在混合前先捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵再通过搅拌使其混合均匀制成,或者所述艾叶为鲜艾叶将鲜艾叶捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵后采用温度不高于75℃的巴氏消毒法进行消毒然后与其它原料混合在一起且其中除添加剂外为干品的原料在混合前先研成粉、为中草药植物鲜品的原料在混合前先捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵再通过搅拌使其混合均匀制成,或者前面两种加工方法中的“然后与其它原料混合在一起且其中除添加剂外为干品的原料在混合前先研成粉、为中草药植物鲜品的原料在混合前先捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵再通过搅拌使其混合均匀制成”替换为“然后与其它原料一起放至乳化装置进行乳化且其中除添加剂外为干品的原料在混合前先研成粉、为中草药植物鲜品的原料在乳化前先捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵再通过搅拌使其混合或还另添加不超过总重量2%的用于起乳化作用的乳化剂”,或者前面三种加工方法中的“所述艾叶为鲜艾叶将鲜艾叶捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵”及对鲜艾叶的其它加工方法替换为“所述艾叶为干艾叶将干艾叶研粉或粉碎”,或者将前三种加工方法中的将鲜品捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵后的中间制品采用低温干燥法干燥形成的干品再与其它原料混合在一起。
2.根据权利要求1所述的艾叶驱蚊虫膏,其特征在于:
所述乌饭树叶浸汁是按乌饭树叶和水重量比为1比2-6浸出的;
同时/或者所述枫香树叶浸汁是按枫香树叶和水重量比为1比2-6浸出的;
同时/或者所述乳化的温度不高于75℃;
同时/或者所述鲜艾叶在捣泥、磨浆或粉碎前采用了紫外线杀菌,或同时/或者所述鲜艾叶与其它为中草药植物鲜品的原料是分别、分组或一同捣泥、磨浆或粉碎或者还发酵或之前先发酵;
进一步明确所述紫外线杀菌的时间不少于5分钟;
同时/或者所述为中草药植物鲜品的原料在捣泥、磨浆或粉碎后混合前采用了温度不高于75℃的巴氏消毒法进行消毒,或进一步明确该巴氏消毒法进行消毒的时间不少于15分钟;
同时/或者非艾叶的其它鲜品原料在捣泥、磨浆或粉碎后混合前采用低温干燥法干燥;
同时/或者所述起防腐作用的添加剂为天然物或为人工合成品;
同时/或者所述乳化剂为天然物或为人工合成品;
同时/或者所述巴氏消毒法进行消毒的时间不少于15分钟;
同时/或者所述酒中乙醇含量不低于40%;
同时/或者所述醋中乙酸含量不低于3%。
3.根据权利要求1或2中所述的艾叶驱蚊虫膏,其特征在于:
置于透气小容器中,或者进一步明确所述小容器为织物制作而成从而制成香囊,或者进一步明确所述小容器可以多个一同串起从而制成手链、脚链或项链,或者进一步明确所述小容器可以钩、挂、吸附、绑扎或粘合于衣服、鞋、帽、皮带、柜、橱、门或窗上或内,或者进一步明确所述小容器容量小于0.1ml、0.2ml、0.3 ml、0.5 ml、1ml、2 ml、3 ml、5ml、10 ml、20 ml、30 ml、40 ml或50 ml。
4.一种权利要求1或2中所述的艾叶驱蚊虫膏的用法,其特征在于:
将所述艾叶驱蚊虫膏吸附在布、纸或皮上使之具备驱蚊虫功能,或将所述艾叶驱蚊虫膏吸附在构成某物体一部分的布、纸或皮上使该物体具备驱蚊虫功能。
5.权利要求1或2所述的艾叶驱蚊虫膏在制备可以食用的艾叶食品中的应用,其所有原料都采用食用级原料且全部加工工艺按照食品加工的要求,或者在此基础上其所有原料不含不宜食用的原料或进一步明确上述不宜食用的原料包括菖蒲、驱蚊草和雄黄,同时/或者其中包含发酵过程的是与其它食品原料一起发酵或进一步明确本松构食品所有原料不超过总重量的一半和/或进一步明确其它食品原料包括面粉/煮熟的谷物,同时/或者在此基础上制成胶囊或采用独立小包装分装或制成胶囊并采用独立小包装分装。
6.权利要求1或2所述的艾叶驱蚊虫膏在制备可散寒除湿、抗菌、抗病毒、抗过敏、辅助治疗皮肤疾病、辅助治疗蚊虫叮咬或辅助治疗皮肤创伤的药膏中的应用,或者进一步将所述药膏涂在布、纸或皮上制成膏药或药贴,或者进一步将所述药膏吸附在构成某物体一部分的布、纸或皮上使该物体该部分可成为膏药或药贴。
7.权利要求6所述的药贴为眼贴、腕贴、肘贴、腰贴、背贴、手掌贴、脚掌贴、下巴贴、腮贴、踝贴、脐贴、腋贴、脖贴、颈贴、***贴、关节贴或穴位贴。
8.权利要求1或2所述的艾叶驱蚊虫膏在制备日化品中的应用或进一步明确其中加工过程是与制备日化品的其它原料一起加工且本艾叶驱蚊虫膏所有原料不超过全部原料总重量的一半,或者进一步明确所述日化品为牙膏、肥皂、杀菌膏、护肤膏、洗发膏或面膜敷料或进一步将上述杀菌膏、护肤膏、洗发膏或面膜敷料涂在布、纸或皮上分别制成杀菌膜、护肤膜、洗发膜或面膜。
9.权利要求1或2所述的艾叶驱蚊虫膏或权利要求6所述的药膏用作理疗药膏,或者进一步明确所述理疗药膏为按摩膏、电疗膏、磁疗膏、热疗膏或火疗膏或者进一步将上述按摩膏、电疗膏、磁疗膏、热疗膏或火疗膏涂在布、纸或皮上分别制成按摩膜、电疗膜、磁疗膜、热疗膜或火疗膜同时/或者另添加不超过总重量2%的用于辅助按摩的植物精油、用于辅助电疗的可溶解的金属盐、辅助磁疗的磁性材料、辅助热疗的矿物质或辅助火疗的矿物质,或者进一步明确所述理疗药膏为熏膏、烤膏或蒸膏或者分别进一步将上述熏膏用可燃材料完全或不完全包裹、将上述烤膏用导热材料完全或不完全包裹或将上述蒸膏用隔水材料完全或不完全包裹。
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