CN107461304A

CN107461304A - Surrounding body and equipment for inhibiting vibration of enclosure structure and method for hoisting tower drum

Info

Publication number: CN107461304A
Application number: CN201710813635.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马盛骏
Original assignee: Beijing Goldwind Science and Creation Windpower Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Goldwind Science and Creation Windpower Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-09-11
Filing date: 2017-09-11
Publication date: 2017-12-12
Anticipated expiration: 2037-09-11
Also published as: CN107461304B

Abstract

The invention discloses surrounding body equipment for inhibiting vibration of an enclosure structure, a surrounding body and a method for hoisting the enclosure structure. The airflow of the zooming flow channel has the function of blowing air to the boundary layer of the enclosure structure above, so that the airflow of the enclosure structure surrounding the upper part is disturbed, the boundary layer at the position is damaged, and the formation of the karman vortex street is inhibited and damaged. This scheme make full use of natural force under green's prerequisite, reaches best vortex destruction effect, and the emergence of suppression karman vortex street phenomenon hinders the emergence of vortex-induced vibration or reduces the vibration.

Description

Suppress the surrounding body, equipment, the method for lifting tower of building enclosure vibration

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of wind power, and in particular to a kind of surrounding body, equipment, lifting for suppressing building enclosure vibration The method of tower.

Background technology

Fig. 1-1 is refer to, Fig. 1-1 is that wind-power electricity generation equipment forms schematic diagram.

The basis of wind-power electricity generation equipment is tower 10, plays carrying to complete machine, serves and go along with sb. to guard him, as an example, with one Exemplified by individual circular cross-section tower 10, tower 10 can be steel cylinder or steel cylinder and the combination of concrete tower.Tower 10 is held Carry wind-power electricity generation equipment cabin 30, generator, wind turbine 20.By tower 10, wind turbine 20, cabin 30 and generating set into Wind power generating set complete to obtain wind energy and change into the task of electric energy.The electric energy changed into is through power transmission cable 40 or electricity Power conveying busbar transmission, the power transmission cable 40 shown in figure are limited after the extraction of cabin 30 by the cable back-up ring at the top of tower 10 Position, cable back-up ring are fixed on cable back-up ring fixed plate 50, then hung down after saddle camber support 60 along the inwall of tower 10 to change Flow at cabinet 70.The lower end of tower 10 is additionally provided with tower door 80.

Switch cubicle control of the electric energy obtained Jing Guo wind power generating set is converted, it is defeated by power transmission cable 40 or electric power Current transformer (converter cabinet 70 in) of the busbar conductors carry to electric power transformation of electrical energy task is completed is sent, then after current transformer is handled Can obtain can dock the electric energy of rule requirement with power network.Therefore, the tower 10 of wind-power electricity generation equipment can be described as being wind-power electricity generation Tower bar, wind power generating set equipment in mainly play a supportive role.

Meanwhile tower 10 carries the wind loads on structure as caused by cabin 30, wind turbine 20, generator or thus triggered suitable Wind direction vibrates and beam wind is to vibration, i.e.,：Wind-induced structural vibration problem.

Fig. 1-2 is refer to, Fig. 1-2 is the schematic diagram of tower segmental hoisting.

The general segmentation installation at present of tower 10, as shown in Fig. 2 sequentially consisting of the first tower segments 11, the second tower The 12, the 3rd tower segments 13 of section, the 4th tower segments 14, the 5th tower segments 15.In the installation process of wind-power electricity generation equipment, first by the One tower segments 11 are installed on the foundation 90 of tower 10, and then other tower segments are lifted paragraph by paragraph, after interconnection, The top of tower 10 (the 5th tower segments 15 in Fig. 2) is connected with the yaw system of cabin 30, and cabin 30 is docked with generator, is generated electricity Machine (or gear-box) docks with wind turbine 20 again.

Specific hoisting process is as follows：

Before lifting tower 10, the foundation ring for the foundation 90 being connected with the first tower segments 11 is first cleaned, more bolts It is placed on after being put the oil at (such as 120) screw thread at foundation ring inner ring, while the switch board that wind-power electricity generation is equipped hangs in foundation ring It is interior；

To the upper end mounting hanger of the first tower segments 11, hang to undertake by master herein and the upper end of the first tower segments 11 sling, Also the task of slinging that undertakes being hung by tower is auxiliary herein to the lower end mounting hanger of the first tower segments 11 simultaneously, two cranes lift by crane simultaneously, After the height of the first tower segments 11 is more than the first 11 maximum gauge of tower segments, the main height for hanging lifting the first tower segments 11 upper end Degree, auxiliary hang are stopped, auxiliary hang are removed after the first tower segments 11 hang position perpendicular to the ground, lays down the lower end of the first tower segments 11 Suspender；

After the flange face of first tower segments 11 is connected, bolt is worn from the bottom up, with using electric wrench after good nut Tighten, 3 times processes are at least tightened to nut implementation and (are pulled after the completion of whole typhoon power power generating equipment lifting process, then with torque Hand is implemented to be tightened to the moment values of requirement to tower attaching nut)；

Remaining tower segments is identical with the hoisting process of the first tower segments 11, accurate after the tower segments rigging out of uppermost Standby lifting cabin.

The above docking, the installation procedure of connection are all to the small uncertain situation of territorial environment local wind of wind power plant It is lower to carry out construction.Therefore, in installation process is lifted, the indefinite fitful wind of size variation or lasting small wind can be often run into, and such as Upper described, these fitful winds or sustained wind are possible to tower induced vibration, are destroyed building enclosure stabilization, are jeopardized the live person and set Standby safety, postpone installation period.For example, after the 4th tower segments 14 of lifting, there is vibration in the 4th tower segments 14, cause the 5th tower Cylinder section 15 can not be aligned；Even, the bolt of fastening may be broken under shock effect, so as to jeopardize safety.

At present, wind-powered electricity generation industry hoisting process engineering safety requires clear stipulaties：Wind speed forbids blade group to hang when being more than 6m/s Dress；Wind speed forbids cabin to lift when being more than 8m/s；Wind speed forbids tower to lift when being more than 10m/s.It can be seen that on-site hoisting progress, Installation period is substantially limited by regional area wind regime.For High aititude, high mountain region wind power plant construction for, the duration is more It is susceptible to influence.

Fig. 2~Fig. 3-6 is refer to, Fig. 2 is with certain tower structural representation for suppressing vibrating function；Fig. 3-1~3-6 Respectively cylinder whirlpool takes off the relation schematic diagram in (flow separation) and six sections of Reynolds number, and six sections of Reynolds number (Re) are from figure 3-1 to Fig. 3-6 is Re respectively<5、5<Re<15、40<Re<150th, 150 ＜ Re ﹤ 3 × 10⁵、3×10⁵＜ Re ﹤ 3 × 10⁶, Re ＞ 3 ×10⁶。

Difference according to object structures surrounding flow around stream mode, structure is divided into bluff body and the wing or ship as aircraft Fairing as sail.

Work as Re<When 5, flow of fluid will be attached in the whole surface of cylinder, that is, flows and do not separate.

When 5<Re<When 40, flowing is still symmetrical, but flow separation occurs, and two symmetrical rows are formed in lee face The stable whirlpool of row, outwards elongated with the increase whirlpool of Reynolds number, deformity occurs.

40<Re<When 150, since reynolds number Re=40, whirlpool will alternately come off from periphery rear, be flowed into Shear layer is formed near cylinder behind in fluid, unstable shear layer is rolled into whirlpool, flow further downstream, forms toll bar quickly Vortex street, i.e. vortex-induced vibration.Vortex shedding now is regular, and with periodically.

150<Re<It it is the tour from laminar flow to turbulent transition, now periodic vortex shedding is irregular when 300 Turbulent flow covered.

300<Re<3×10⁵When, referred to as close-to-critical range, cylinder wake flow are mainly shown as turbulent wake flow, whirlpool after isolation Vortex shedding starts irregularly, and the cycle that whirlpool takes off frequency can substantially make, but perturbed force when whirlpool is de- will be no longer symmetrical, but with Machine.

3×10⁵<Re<3×10⁶When, referred to as supercritical region, vortex shedding point are moved rearwards, and have been beyond recognition vortex street, into The vortex of complete no periodic.

3×10⁶<Re, referred to as Trans-critical cycle area, cylinder rear wake flow is very disorderly, but shows regular whirlpool Come off.

When uniform air flow flows through (horizontal plunder, stream) bluff body (cylinder), in the cycle caused by the behind of cylinder cross section Property vortex shedding can to works (tower surface contact surface) produce a cycle change active force --- swash power in whirlpool.Quilt The tower works lower end streamed and the foundation of underground form single free end vibration system, and (i.e. the upper end of tower is immersed in sky In air-flow, tower bottom is fixed on foundation), when vortex shedding frequency and certain rank natural frequency of vibration of tower works When consistent, the Vortex-excited vibration that power (out-of-balance force) will cause tower architecture is swashed in the periodic whirlpool that tower surface is subject to (vortex-induced vibration) is responded.

Whirlpool takes off the condition that frequency is equal to the tower of structural system and its intrinsic frequency of vibration of foundation system, is in certain wind Speed is lower could to be met, but the intrinsic frequency tower that is and its vibration of foundation system will produce certain and feed back to coming off for whirlpool Effect so that the de- frequency in whirlpool is in certain wind speed range by the vibration frequency of tower and its vibration of foundation system institute " prisoner Obtain ", it is not changed in this wind speed range with the change of wind speed, this phenomenon is referred to as locking, and locking will be enlarged by Tower structure is excited the raw wind speed range to resonate by whirlpool.

The tower height of modern large-scale MW grade wind driven generators unit up to 60~100m, the top of tower 10 equipped with mainframe, The critical pieces such as slave frame, wheel hub and blade (i.e. wind turbine 20).When wind power generating set is run, the load that tower 10 is subject to is removed , will also be by natural wind action, including with the wind caused by gravity caused by the parts of top and wind wheel rotation outside dynamic loading To with beam wind to two kinds of action modes.Wind movable vane wheel can produce moment of flexure and power to tower when rotating, this to be produced by down wind Moment of flexure and power be the main reason for tower 10 is destroyed.Wind can also cause around vortex caused by tower 10 makes tower 10 The oscillation crosswise that resonance destroys occurs.

Paired, being alternately arranged and opposite direction of rotation opposition is produced when blowing air over tower 10, at left and right sides of wake flow Claim whirlpool, i.e. Von Karman vortices.Whirlpool departs from tower 10 with certain frequency, makes tower 10 that the oscillation crosswise perpendicular to wind direction occur, The oscillation crosswise that also referred to as wind induces, i.e. vortex-induced vibration.When the disengaging frequency of whirlpool is close to tower intrinsic frequency, tower 10 is easy Generation is resonated and destroyed.

In Fig. 3, wound in the outer wall of tower 10 and helix 10a (or spiral plate) is set, occurred for suppressing the surface of tower 10 Vortex Shedding.Wherein, helix 10a (or spiral plate) has different swayings to suppress effect in different pitch arrangements Fruit；Helix 10a highly increases beneficial to vortex street issue cycle is destroyed, and vortex street generation and granting are more irregular, swash beneficial to whirlpool is suppressed Vibration, while caused resistance also gradually increases before and after noise, tower, can increase along wind direction pitch vibration amplitude.

Following technical problems be present in above-mentioned technical proposal：

Coverage rates of the helix 10a (or spiral plate) on tower surface can influence swaying inhibition, and coverage rate reaches During to (or more than) 50%, the effect for suppressing oscillation crosswise reaches optimal, but now helix 10a (or spiral plate) and air stream Wind produced noise to natural environment biology have a strong impact on it is not permitted in ecological regulation；

In addition, the wind speed of air stream can change, if characteristic parameter (pitch, height by helix 10a (or spiral plate) Degree) be processed as changing and changing according to the wind speed of air stream, then corresponding manufacturing cost, maintenance cost can be significantly increased.

In view of this, how to improve the situation that wind-power electricity generation equipment installation is limited by region wind regime, be art technology Personnel's technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.

The content of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of surrounding body equipment for suppressing building enclosure vibration, surrounding body, And the method for lifting tower, this method can suppress building enclosure vibration in itself using upwind incoming, improve installation by wind regime The situation of limitation.

The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of surrounding body for suppressing building enclosure vibration, and the surrounding body can surround described enclose Protection structure, the surrounding body act on lower extrude provided with that can be in the wind towards the interior aspect face of the building enclosure to incoming Some elastomers of the building enclosure, during extruding, the scaling runner of air stream is formed between the elastomer.

Alternatively, the surrounding body is provided with elastic sphere, and the exposed surrounding body in elastic sphere part forms described Elastomer, another part are fixed on inside the surrounding body.

Alternatively, the whole ring week in interior aspect face of the elastic sphere along the surrounding body, short transverse distribution； And the surrounding body is with small towards the windward side of upwind incoming, the density of the elastic sphere of the windward side all the time In the density of the elastic sphere of remaining position.

Alternatively, the surrounding body has has projection towards the windward side of wind direction, the both sides of the windward side all the time, with Strengthen the extruding to both sides in the presence of the upwind incoming.

Alternatively, the windward side is the leading edge of the surrounding body, and the surrounding body also includes relative with the leading edge Afterbody, the distance of the leading edge to the building enclosure are less than the afterbody to the distance of the building enclosure.

Alternatively, then the leading edge of the surrounding body is gradually collapsed again in gradually expansion, expanded to both sides flaring backward Open and form the afterbody；The exterior contour of the surrounding body is similar to fish shape.

Alternatively, the surrounding body is annular in shape, and from the bottom to top, lateral dimension is gradually reduced its middle through-hole.

Alternatively, the surrounding body has interface, and complete annular is formed along after interface docking locking.

Alternatively, the fairing for can the upwind incoming effect under buoyance lift fairing.

Alternatively, the surrounding body is annular in shape, and has toroidal cavity, gassy inside the toroidal cavity, described The density of gas is less than atmospheric density.

Alternatively, the surrounding body uses the material with air-tightness and wearability to be made.

Alternatively, the surrounding body is annular in shape, and the lateral dimension of its middle through-hole meets：At the top of the building enclosure When, the gap between the surrounding body and the building enclosure has preset distance, to destroy caused by the upwind incoming Buoyancy lift, realize self-balancing.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of surrounding body equipment for suppressing building enclosure vibration, including as above described in any one Surrounding body；Also include the tether for being fixed on the building enclosure or ground in one end, the other end of the tether connects the ring Around body.

Alternatively, at least one section of the tether is stretch section；

And/or the leading edge and afterbody of the surrounding body have the corresponding tether.

Alternatively, the building enclosure is tower, television tower or the anemometer tower of wind power generating set.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of method for lifting tower, and tower includes some tower segments, during installation tower pair Tower carries out segmental hoisting, it is characterised in that in hoisting process, by the surrounding body described in any of the above-described around corresponding tower Cylinder section.

Alternatively, when lifting tower segments corresponding to top just around the surrounding body；And tower rigging out, fitting machine Behind cabin, the surrounding body is unloaded.

The surrounding body of the building enclosure can reduce original runner by extrusion process, forms scaling runner, is reducing Process implements elastic compression, adiabatic compression to gas, and air-flow is accelerated.The air-flow of extrusion scaling runner is to top tower border Layer has the function of " air blowing ", so as to disturb top to stream the air-flow of tower wall, destroys boundary layer herein, suppresses and destroy card The formation of door vortex street, suppresses the generation of tower oscillation crosswise, that is, suppresses vortex-induced vibration.Here wish of the invention is abundant profit With natural force, on the premise of green, reach optimal flow-disturbing execution, suppress the generation of Karman vortex street phenomenon, resistance Hinder the generation of vortex-induced vibration or reduce vibration.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1-1 is that wind-power electricity generation equipment forms schematic diagram；

Fig. 1-2 is the schematic diagram of tower segmental hoisting；

Fig. 2 is with certain tower structural representation for suppressing vibrating function；

Fig. 3-1~3-6 is respectively that cylinder whirlpool takes off (flow separation) and the relation schematic diagram in six sections of Reynolds number；

Fig. 4 is a kind of structural representation of specific embodiment of the tower provided by the present invention for being surrounded with surrounding body；

Fig. 5-1 is Fig. 4 top view；

Fig. 5-2 is the top view of surrounding body in Fig. 4；

Fig. 5-3 is the close-up schematic view at I positions in Fig. 5-2；

Fig. 5-4 is the close-up schematic view at II positions in Fig. 4；

Fig. 5-5 is the schematic diagram that surrounding body is swung with upwind incoming wind vector in Fig. 4；

Fig. 6 is to be not affected by extruding around the expanded schematic diagram in body portion interior aspect face, elastic sphere now in Fig. 4；

Fig. 7 be Fig. 6 in elastic sphere be squeezed after schematic diagram；

Fig. 8 is the close-up schematic view at III positions in Fig. 7；

Fig. 9 is the structural representation of another surrounding body；

Surrounding body buoyance lift or the schematic diagram of sinking in Figure 10 Fig. 4；

The signal that tower forms the weakening of total pulsation wind-force is streamed when Figure 11 fluctuates for surrounding body to upwind incoming Figure；

Figure 12 is the tower structural representation provided with the tether for holding surrounding body；

Figure 13 is that surrounding body is at sinking and buoyance lift diverse location in Fig. 4, the change of gap S sizes between tower and surrounding body Change schematic diagram；

Figure 14 is the schematic diagram that air-flow flows upwards out at the S of gap；

Figure 15 is wing angle of attack schematic diagram；

Figure 16 is aerodynamic configuration schematic diagram when tower 100 does not surround fairing 200；

Figure 17 is the schematic diagram that the upwind incoming angle of attack and aerodynamic configuration change in Fig. 4；

Figure 18 is the relation schematic diagram of tower outer surface Si Tuoluoha numbers and Reynolds number；

Figure 19 is the top view of another surrounding body；

Figure 20 is the tower schematic diagram of the retracting device with recovery surrounding body；

Figure 21 is the close-up schematic view at IIII positions in Figure 20；

Figure 22 is the top view of surrounding body in Figure 20；

Figure 23 is the schematic diagram of tower pitch vibration；

After Figure 24 is is provided around body, vibration is suppressed so as to the process schematic with cabin installation.

Description of reference numerals is as follows in Fig. 1-Fig. 3-6：

10 towers, 11 first tower segments, 12 second tower segments, 13 the 3rd tower segments, 14 the 4th tower segments, 15 the 5th towers Section, 10a helixes, 20 wind turbines, 30 cabins, 40 power transmission cables, 50 cable back-up ring fixed plates, 60 saddle camber supports, 70 Converter cabinet, 80 tower doors, 90 foundations；

Description of reference numerals is as follows in Fig. 4-Figure 24：

100 towers, 101 first tower segments, 102 second tower segments, 103 the 3rd tower segments, 104 the 4th tower segments, 105 Five tower segments；

200 surrounding body, 201 leading edges, 202 afterbodys, 203 elastic spheres, the built-in portions of 203a, the exposed portions of 203b, 204 valves Core, 205 internal ducts, 206 Wireless electronic locks, 207 middle through-holes, 208 projections, 200a outer exterior surfaces, 200b interior aspects Face, 200c interfaces；

300 foundations；

400 cabins, 401 gas collectors, 402 recovery ports, 403 recovery tubes；

500 impellers；

600 tethers, 601 tether sections, 602 stretch sections；

S gaps；

R scalings runner, the tapered runners of R1, R2 throats, R3 flaring runners.

Embodiment

In order that those skilled in the art more fully understands technical scheme, it is below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific real Applying example, the present invention is described in further detail.

Fig. 4 is refer to, Fig. 4 is that a kind of structure of specific embodiment of the tower provided by the present invention for being surrounded with surrounding body is shown It is intended to；Fig. 5-1 is Fig. 4 top view；Fig. 5-2 is the top view of surrounding body in Fig. 4；Fig. 5-3 is the part at I positions in Fig. 5-2 Enlarged diagram；Fig. 5-4 is the close-up schematic view at II positions in Fig. 4；Fig. 5-5 is surrounding body in Fig. 4 with upwind incoming Wind vector and the schematic diagram swung.

As shown in figure 4, tower 100 is installed on foundation 300, tower 100 is by five sections of tower segments phase successively from bottom to up Connect to be formed, the first tower segments 101, the second tower segments 102, the 3rd tower segments 103, the 4th tower segments respectively shown in figure 104th, the 5th tower segments 105, it will be understood that the segmentation of tower 100 is not limited to five sections.

Tower 100 is arranged with surrounding body 200, as shown in figure 4, fourth tower segments 104 of the surrounding body 200 around tower 100. Fig. 5-2 are refer to, surrounding body 200 is in complete ring-type, has middle through-hole 207, to realize surrounding to tower 100, is accommodated Tower 100.Surrounding body 200 in the present embodiment is in specifically " fish " shape, be can be seen that from Fig. 5-2, and surrounding body 200 is biomimetic features, Left end is the leading edge 201 of surrounding body 200, and corresponding to the position of " fish mouth ", right-hand member is the afterbody 202 of surrounding body 200, is corresponded to " fish tail ".

When upwind incoming touches the leading edge 201 of surrounding body 200, based on streamlined design, it will be at least divided into four Part：A part of air-flow is inclined upwardly after the leading edge 201 of surrounding body 200, and a part of air-flow is after the leading edge 201 of surrounding body 200 Tilt down, also fraction is divided right and left, and is flowed to the both sides of surrounding body 200.

Please continue to refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 5-3, Fig. 5-4, surrounding body 200 has the interior aspect face 200b towards tower 100, with And the outer exterior surface 200a away from tower 100.Interior aspect face 200b is provided with some elastomers that can extrude tower 100. Elastomer herein can be the entity or cavity of elastic material, when being cavity, can in cavity sealing gas.This It is specific that elastic sphere 203 is set in embodiment, and the part of elastic sphere 203 (can be half or other ratios, this programme With the exposed example of half) the interior aspect face 200b of exposed surrounding body 200, it may be defined as exposed portion 203b, exposed portion 203b shapes Into the elastomer, another part is then fixed on inside the annular housing of surrounding body 200, may be defined as built-in portion 203a.

Understanding incorporated by reference to Fig. 6-Fig. 8, Fig. 6 is the expanded schematic diagram of the sections inner side outer surface 200b of surrounding body 200 in Fig. 4, Elastic sphere 203 now is not affected by extruding；Fig. 7 be Fig. 6 in elastic sphere 203 be squeezed after schematic diagram；Fig. 8 is Fig. 7 The close-up schematic view at middle III positions.

As shown in fig. 6, elastic sphere 203 is distributed along the interior aspect face 200b of tower 100 whole ring weeks, short transverse, i.e., Several columns elastic sphere 203 is disposed with along ring circumferential direction, and elastic sphere 203 includes exposed portion 203b, during arrangement, makes adjacent two row Exposed portion 203b between can be formed scaling runner R, i.e., preference rule arrangement to substantially form the scaling runner R of linear, It is easy to air-flow to pass through.

As shown in Fig. 5-4, when upwind incoming passes through surrounding body 200, a part of air-flow is along (the G- shown in figure of leading edge 201 A-B regions) after flowing, tilt down, approach C-D-E-F regions, a part also has part can quilt around flowing to the rear of tower 100 The annular gap S (understanding with reference to Fig. 5-1) sucked from bottom to top between surrounding body 200 and the outer wall of tower 100, and out of gap S Flow up, i.e., the air stream H shown in Fig. 5-4.Actually no matter whether leading edge 201 tilts down, the gas of upwind incoming After flowing through the shunting downwards of leading edge 201, all can some air-flow be inhaled into the S of gap, the simply surrounding body 200 in the present embodiment Shape can increase into the throughput in the S of gap.Air stream H can flow along the scaling runner R shown in Fig. 6-8, such as Fig. 8 institutes Show, the flow passage unit formed between the exposed portion 203b of six elastic spheres 203, when upwind incoming acts on surrounding body When 200, then the part of surrounding body 200 (mainly leading edge 201 windward and both sides) in the orientation corresponding to active force can recline to The outer wall of tower 100, then with the outer wall of tower 100 produce extruding, then the scaling runner R between exposed portion 203b will from Fig. 6 to Fig. 7 condition conversion, runner narrow.

It is appreciated that when the exposed portion 203b of elastic sphere 203 reclines with the outer wall of tower 100 and extruded, the opening position pair The gap S answered, several columns scaling runner R is actually divided into by the exposed portion 203b of several columns herein.

As shown in figure 8, circumferentially, gap turn narrow between the exposed portion 203b of two neighboring elastic sphere 203, sky therebetween Gas receives extruding, and the scaling runner R now formed is such as the inner flow passage of de Laval noz(zle).As shown in figure 8, since import, according to Secondary is tapered runner R1 (runner narrows), throat R2 (width of flow path is substantially constant), flaring runner R3 (runner broadens), Ran Houzai After tapered runner R1, throat R2, flaring runner R3, that is, scale runner R and be defined as including the flow channel section shunk and expanded.The knot Structure can reduce original runner by extrusion process, implement elastic compression, adiabatic compression to gas in the process of reducing, air-flow obtains It must accelerate.When surrounding body 200 has longer afterbody 202, in swing process, the air-flow of the circumference all directions of surrounding body 200 It actually can all be accelerated, be not limited to the position of leading edge 201.

Extrusion scaling runner R air-flow H has the function of " air blowing " to the boundary layer of top tower 100, so as to disturb top The air-flow of the wall of tower 100 is streamed, destroys boundary layer herein, suppresses and destroys the formation of Karman vortex street, suppresses tower 100 laterally The generation of vibration, that is, suppress vortex-induced vibration.Here wish of the invention is to make full use of natural force, in green premise Under, reach optimal flow-disturbing execution, suppress the generation of Karman vortex street phenomenon, the generation or reduction for hindering vortex-induced vibration are shaken It is dynamic.

It is to be extruded with the outer wall of tower 100, so as to form scalable stream as described above, setting the purpose of elastic sphere 203 here Road R, to accelerate into the air stream between the outer wall of tower 100 and surrounding body 200, therefore in elastic sphere 203 can filling gas, but To ensure to extrude security, safer gas not easy to explode, such as helium can be filled.

In addition, setting complete elastic sphere 203 here, simply part is exposed, in addition to is built in inside surrounding body 200 Built-in portion 203a, then extruding when, exposed portion 203b gas move to built-in portion 203a, increase activity space.Certainly, only Be formed in the interior aspect face 200b of surrounding body 200 some hemispheres or other ratios part sphere it is also possible.Separately Outside, the formation of elastomer is not limited to elastic sphere 203, and the shape of spheroid is easy for that in extruding scalable stream can be formed here Road, therefore elastomer can be spheroid, triangle body etc..In fact, when not being squeezed, between adjacent two rows elastic sphere 203 Scaling runner R is formed, but scaling runner R width is larger, and gap also be present with the outer wall of tower 100, it is open runner, Acceleration does not have squeezed state obvious.

In addition, upwind incoming is after surrounding body 200, and in the position corresponding to surrounding body 200, airflow direction and path Changed, destroy the correlation of upwind air-flow near surrounding body 200, upset surrounding body 200 and other positions gas The uniformity of vortex shedding frequencies is flowed, so that their collective effects weaken, reduces or prevent the outer wall periphery of tower 100 Vortex-excited vibration responds during layer flow separation, also it is prevented that the vibration induced is swashed in the whirlpool of tower 100.

Correlation is the key character of fluctuating wind, and it is with 2 points of space (Z herein₁、Z₂) fluctuating wind speed or tower 100 The fluctuation pressure at 2 points of the place of surface different height is relevant.

Correlation coefficient ρ is defined as

(the Z at two different heights₁、Z₂), the covariance of fluctuating wind speed is defined as follows：

Therefore, covariance is to be averaged the time of fluctuating wind speed product at two height.Each air speed value on the right side of equation Respective average value is subtractedWith

Mathematically, the formula of standard deviation can be write as：

U (t) in formula --- the wind speed component on mean wind speed direction, it is equal to

U (t) is down wind turbulent flow component, i.e., the fluctuating wind speed component on mean wind speed direction.

Molecule represents that tower 100 has different wind speed, the covariance of fluctuating wind speed at two different heights.

Covariance is to be averaged the time of fluctuating wind speed product at two height.

The bulk strength of turbulent flow can be weighed with wind speed deviation or root mean square, and average weight is subtracted from wind speed, Then quantify remainder with deviation, to being averaged after deviation square, last evolution, show that has a wind speed unit Physical quantity, obtain standard deviation.By coefficient correlation definition, the covariance of wind speed divided by standard deviation obtain different height at different height The relative coefficient between wind speed at two is spent, correlation is the smaller the better, hinders vortex to form the frequency of whirlpool at rear different height, Break aggregation and growth of original frequency invariance to Vortex-excited vibration energy, i.e.,：The growth of Vortex-excited vibration is prevented, or even causes whirlpool Swash resonance to disappear.

Wind power plant is built in southern china cloud, expensive, river High aititude region, it is necessary to be repaired the roads around high mountain, while high mountain is hung oneself Filling the cycle would generally be longer, and the uncertainty of wind can influence lifting construction at any time, and lifting cost is used in ten thousand yuan/platforms of 27-32, once Generation problem is lifted, loss is huge.Inventor investigates to High aititude, high mountain region Construction of Wind Power, and proposed on the spot The scheme of surrounding body 200 so that on-site hoisting progress, installation period are no longer influenced by the limitation of regional area wind regime.Surrounding body 200 Setting be able to ensure that or strive for the reliable lifting when wind speed is less than 8m/s to cabin 400；To tower when wind speed is less than 10m/s 100 lifting.Under both the above wind speed, existing lifting mode can not be probably normally carried out.This programme can improve limited The security and lifting efficiency in the time are lifted, is shortened because the uncertainty of wind causes dragging for Construction of Wind Power cycle at any time Prolong, Wind turbines generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems caused by postponing and wasted, the tower 100 of solution hoisting process wind power generating set bearing structure What wind of experiencing induced rocks the caused destruction to the base connection of tower 100 and hidden danger；Reducing the construction costs, help to invest Side is benefited, generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems early early.

Continuing with Fig. 5-1 is checked, in the leading edge 201 of surrounding body 200, the density of elastic sphere 203 is less than remaining position The density of elastic sphere 203.For the leading edge 201 of surrounding body 200 towards upwind incoming, it is bigger that elastic sphere 203 is squeezed power, Deformation is also just bigger, therefore density can be configured less than normal, and remaining position stress is relatively small, and deformation is small, is relatively adapted to be formed Scaling runner R, density can be configured bigger than normal.

Please continue to refer to Fig. 5-4, it can be seen that the middle through-hole 207 of surrounding body 200, from bottom to up, cross sectional dimensions is gradual Reduce.Then when upwind incoming acts on the leading edge 201 of surrounding body 200 and extruded, the not compact side of afterbody 202 and tower A tapered channels R ' is formed between 100 outer walls of cylinder, extruding flows through the air stream of the gap location, the principle with above-mentioned scaling runner R It is similar, acceleration air stream herein can be also played, and it is disturbed the purpose in the boundary layer herein of tower 100, suppress vortex-induced vibration. Certainly, except the region of afterbody 202, surrounding body 200 is extruded between other orientation of position and the outer wall of tower 100 and can all formed gradually Contracting passage R ' (Fig. 5-4 orientation only shows leading edge 201 and afterbody 202).That is, when upwind incoming acts on surrounding body 200, Scaling runner R and tapered channels R ' is acted on simultaneously, windward " air blowing ", is destroyed boundary layer and is streamed.

In addition, surrounding body 200 is set to fish shape in this programme, actually reaches and be in the wind to the lower buoyance lift of incoming effect Purpose.It is capable of the surrounding body 200 of buoyance lift, in field of fluid mechanics, belongs to the scheme of comparative maturity, such as aircraft wing, we In case using fish shape biomimetic features (fish in ocean are based on its physical shapes, can realize buoyance lift in a fluid mostly, Such as inkfish), buoyance lift mainly forms pressure difference by upper and lower surface and produces buoyancy lift.

Accompanying drawing 9 for another example, Fig. 9 are the structural representation of another surrounding body 200, are depression angle.The surrounding body 200 has There are fusiform leading edge 201 and afterbody 202, the surrounding body 200 of the structure can equally realize buoyance lift.From the point of view of depression angle, The part of leading edge 201 of surrounding body 200, in relative pointed, gradually extend to both sides and widen, then change width is smaller, finally Narrowed in afterbody 202, the length of afterbody 202 is relatively short, similar to aircraft shape.

Either large or small change often occurs for the wind speed of upwind incoming, when surrounding body 200 be designed as can buoyance lift knot During structure, the buoyancy lift of surrounding body 200 can correspondingly change, then surrounding body 200 can such as be schemed along the above-below direction play of tower 100 10th, shown in Figure 11, Figure 10 is the buoyance lift of surrounding body 200 or the schematic diagram of sinking in Fig. 4；When Figure 11 is that surrounding body 200 fluctuates The schematic diagram that tower 100 forms the weakening of total pulsation wind-force is streamed to upwind incoming.

In the present embodiment, tower 100 can float to the 5th tower segments 105 only around a surrounding body 200, can also The 3rd tower segments 103 as shown in Figure 10 are sunk to, certain accompanying drawing is only illustrated, and specific buoyance lift height region is not limited to This.

Understand, after surrounding body 200 is designed to the shape of buoyance lift, it will erratically carry out buoyance lift, sink, quite Moved up and down in along the short transverse of tower 100 (at least on the top of tower 100), similar to " brush " brush up and down, constantly Ground changes different height tower segments boundary layer airflow situation, hinders the formation of the rear both sides whirlpool of tower 100 so that tower 100 Upper and lower vortex shedding frequency invariance is disturbed, and suppresses the generation of vortex-induced vibration.Moreover, surrounding body 200 is sunk in upper and lower buoyance lift When, it can also swing, be collided with the outer wall of tower 100, destroy tower 100 and nearby stream in boundary layer, and whirlpool can be hindered to be formed, Suppress vibration.

As shown in figure 11, when producing vibration due to the top of tower 100, oscillatory torque is maximum, destroy it is stronger, therefore by surrounding body 200 in the top of tower 100, L height regions shown in the figure, fluctuate, when in δ y₁When, air-flow corresponds to f₁ Position, sunk to δ y by the interference of surrounding body 200 up and down herein_iWhen, disturb f_iThe air-flow of position, the like δ y_j、δy_n Position, disturbed while, the uniformity of upper-lower section is destroyed each position, and always pulsation wind-force is weakened in L height regions.

Moreover, the floating type design based on surrounding body 200, when only setting a surrounding body 200, you can to tower 100 The outer wall boundary layer of different height streams generation destruction, suppresses vortex-induced vibration.Certainly, the quantity of surrounding body 200 not by Limitation, when the height of tower 100 is higher, it is necessary to when the bout length for suppressing vibration is longer, more than two surround can also be set Body 200, common buoyance lift up and down, destroys 100 outer wall boundary layer of tower and streams.

It should be noted that boundary layer damage capability can further be improved by being arranged to floating type surrounding body 200, suppress whirlpool Excited vibration, it is to be understood that, it is also possible even if surrounding body 200 can not float.Above-mentioned vibration attenuation mechanism mainly " air blowing " is broken The laminar flow of bad selvedge interlayer, even if therefore surrounding body 200 fix with respect to the position of tower 200, the boundary layer can of the top of surrounding body 200 It is destroyed, and break the air-flow correlation of the upper-lower section of surrounding body 200, suppress vibration.Certainly, in order to more disturb tower Boundary layer airflow near 100, can not be up and down in the case of buoyance lift play, surrounding body 200 needs have higher height, or Person arranges more quantity, in contrast, it is clear that buoyance lift is designed as the scheme more optimized, except that can be disturbed with negligible amounts Outside the advantage of dynamic wider area, upper and lower play mode to stream effect also more preferable.

With upper type when reducing vortex-induced vibration influence, compared to the helical manner in background technology, upwind incoming Extruding can surrounding body 200, the resistance of upwind incoming can be reduced, can inherently reduce noise, meet ecological laws and regulations requirement； The scaling runner R extrusion of formation, which is blown, directly destroys boundary layer, prevents whirlpool from being formed, and directly suppresses the origin cause of formation of vortex-induced vibration, tool There is preferable vibration suppressioning effect, moreover, the change of wind speed and the vibration-damping function of surrounding body 200 play and have no very strong corresponding relation (characteristic parameter of helix corresponds to certain wind speed interval in background technology), no matter how wind speed changes, as long as can squeeze Pressure surrounding body 200 can suppress to vibrate.

In addition, when surrounding body 200 for can floating structure when, can also adaptive wind speed change, fluctuate, rest on more High position or lower position, play corresponding effect；Fluctuate downstream phase on can breaking in certain altitude region simultaneously Effect is streamed in Guan Xing, raising, and equally, the change of wind speed and the vibration-damping function of surrounding body 200 play and have no very strong corresponding relation, nothing How to change by wind speed, the surrounding body 200 of buoyance lift can normally suppress to vibrate in its flying height region.

When surrounding body 200 is floating structure, tether 600 can be set.Figure 12 is refer to, Figure 12 is circular provided with holding The structural representation of tower 100 of the tether 600 of body 200.

As illustrated, ground (lower end that can also be fixed on tower 100) is fixed in one end of tether 600, tether 600 The other end is attached around body 200.It is arranged such, surrounding body 200 can be prevented when gust velocity is excessive, from the top of tower 100 Come off, and leave tower 100., can be in the leading edge 201 and afterbody 202 of surrounding body 200 in order to improve reliability and keep balancing Be respectively provided with tether 600, tether 600 be only set at one end certainly, or many places including both sides set it is also possible.

It is stretch section that tether 600, which may be configured as at least one section, and as shown in figure 12, tether 600 specifically includes the He of rope body section 601 Stretch section 602 (such as spring section), that is, body section 601 of restricting and stretch section 602 are arranged in series, and stretch section 602 is connected on two sections in figure Between body section 601 of restricting.Here, as long as stretch section 602 and rope body section 601 are connected, each segment number and sequence of positions are unlimited.If After putting stretch section 602, surrounding body 200 is rocked caused by buoyance lift sinking watching, can be passed to stretch section 602, is based on The resilient property of stretch section 602, even if surrounding body 200 no longer has the buoyancy change for rising and sinking, but stretch section 602 is still Can persistently it be rocked, so that surrounding body 200 is in the case of wind speed is constant or change is less, it is still lasting to keep shaking Dynamic state, upwind incoming is carried out to disturb up and down, the boundary layer of tower 100 is destroyed and streams, suppress vortex-induced vibration.

Certainly, stretch section 602 herein, can also be according in addition to rocking lower generation sprung return motion in surrounding body 200 It is outer advocate it is dynamic its is produced motion, so as to keep or increase teetertottering for surrounding body 200.

In Figure 12, tether 600 is provided with one section of spring, as described above, quantity is unlimited, one section of series connection or multistage are can be with 's.Here, the overall length of the length of stretch section 602, coefficient of elasticity and tether 600, can be according to required for surrounding body 200 The height of buoyance lift, and the factor such as the weight of surrounding body 200, wind-force determine that its final purpose is that requirement tether 600 can prevent Surrounding body 200 departs from from the top of tower 100, in addition, without prejudice to the buoyance lift of surrounding body 200, and can be produced by stretch section 602 Life is rocked.

Can be in Fig. 4 with reference chart 13,14, Figure 13 for preventing surrounding body 200 from departing from the measure at the top of tower 100 Surrounding body 200 is at sinking and buoyance lift diverse location, the change schematic diagram of gap S sizes between tower 100 and surrounding body 200； Figure 14 is the schematic diagram that air-flow flows upwards out at the S of gap.

As shown in figure 13, from the bottom to top, barrel dliameter is gradually reduced tower 100, when 200 upward buoyance lift of surrounding body, surrounding body Gap S between 200 and the outer wall of tower 100 can gradually increase, and when floating to 100 top of tower, gap S is maximum.This programme In, for the middle through-hole 207 of surrounding body 200, the design of its lateral dimension preferably meets：At 100 top of tower, surrounding body Gap S between 200 and tower 100 has preset distance, to destroy buoyancy lift caused by upwind incoming.Work as surrounding body When gap S between 200 and the outer wall of tower 100 is sufficiently large, the buoyancy lift of surrounding body 200 can be weakened.Specifically, gap S When sufficiently large, the condition of fluid pressure difference is produced, then is floated equivalent to by the upper and lower surface connection of surrounding body 200, destruction upper and lower surface Lift no longer increases, so as to realize self-balancing.

" transverse direction " of above-mentioned lateral dimension, it can exactly calculate the direction with the outer wall spacing of tower 100.Surrounding body 200 When middle through-hole 207 is circular, lateral dimension is radial dimension, and middle through-hole 207 can also be other shapes, such as oval Shape, lateral dimension now be not unique.

When setting 207 size of middle through-hole of surrounding body 200, can be determined according to the external diameter at the top of tower 100, for For field of fluid mechanics, specifically the required size of middle through-hole 207 can be obtained by Size calculation or analogue simulation.Should Mode can be achieved self-balancing, can be used alone, can also be combined jointly with tether 600 in the case where not needing external force Surrounding body 200 is prevented to depart from.

Surrounding body 200 described by above-described embodiment is in the fish shape with middle through-hole 207, i.e. profile substantially fish shape, It is in closed ring shape around tower 100, realize buoyance lift.It is appreciated that when this programme is mainly squeezed using surrounding body 200, The scaling runner R that " can be blown " is formed, to destroy the boundary layer airflow of tower 100 of the position of surrounding body 200, and it is related up and down Property, suppress vortex-induced vibration, and surrounding body 200 can buoyance lift then can further improve upset 100 outer wall boundary layer of tower effect Fruit.Here closed circular mainly prevents surrounding body 200 from being come off from tower 100, it will be understood that under there is a requirement that, surrounding body 200 are also not limited to closed circular, such as have opening in its afterbody 202, but can radially block tower 100 and can be with 's.For another example, surrounding body 200 can be non-annularity, also without afterbody 202, the both sides of surrounding body 200 by drawstring drift bolt, Or not buoyance lift, tower 100 is positioned directly in, or be not only positioned at tower 100 to realize that driftage rotates wind, can Realize the purpose for suppressing vortex-induced vibration to a certain extent.

Therefore, " circular " described in the present embodiment, it is not required that the closed circular of surrounding body 200 is surround, and can surround half Or more the scope of tower 100, preferably extend over flow separation orientation always from side windward.

In the surrounding body 200 of " fish shape ", also further there are following technique effects for suppressing vibration：

When an air-flow part for upwind incoming is inclined upwardly, positive incidence is formed, the part tilted down forms negative attack Angle.Explaining that above-mentioned fairing 200 can suppress during tower 100 vibrates concrete principle, can be related to " angle of attack ", " pneumatic The technical terms such as profile ", are hereafter explained in the lump.

Concrete principle may be referred to Figure 15-Figure 17, and Figure 15 is wing angle of attack schematic diagram；Figure 16 is tower 100 not around stream Aerodynamic configuration schematic diagram during wire body 200；Figure 17 is the schematic diagram that the upwind incoming angle of attack and aerodynamic configuration change in Fig. 4.

The angle of attack (English：AttackAngle), the sometimes referred to as angle of attack, is hydrodynamics noun.For aerofoil cross section S, Angle of attack is defined as the angle between wing chord L and upwind speed of incoming flow, and it is negative to come back just, to bow.As shown in figure 17, setting The position of fairing 200 is put, the air-flow through the hypsokinesis of 200 leading edge of fairing 201 obliquely forms positive incidence (with left and right horizontal direction Angle), the air-flow that is tilted down after the leading edge 201 of fairing 200 forms negative angle of attack, and tower 100 is correspondingly formed ellipse Aerodynamic configuration.

The object that aerodynamic configuration (AerodynamicConfigurations) refers to move in gas medium is transported to reduce Dynamic resistance, and the suitable profile moved in the medium used.Aerodynamic configuration primarily directed to aircraft such as guided missile, aircrafts and The concept of proposition, then it is applied to tower 100 herein.It is suffered under state of flight that aerodynamic configuration specifically refers to aircraft, guided missile Lift, resistance, the direction of power, size, section with itself, length, thrust, stability etc. can influence the visitor of flying object flight The functional value that sight factor is formed, the profile of flying object is determined by this functional value.

When upwind direction of flow changes, aerodynamic configuration changes therewith, during upwind direction of flow level, aerodynamic configuration It is circular, as shown in figure 16, during upwind incoming flat contact tower 100, aerodynamic configuration is circular, is bluff body, Tu17Zhong The position of 5th tower segments 105 is not provided with fairing 200, and aerodynamic configuration is also rounded (i.e. the shape of cross section of tower 100)；When to When above or tilting down, aerodynamic configuration will be oval.The pneumatic outer of tower 100 is caused by the streamline shape of fairing 200 Deformationization is also not quite similar, and as shown in figure 17, the aerodynamic configuration of middle part ellipse, the angle of attack is relatively small；Downside ellipse is pneumatic Profile, ratio of long axis to short axis is bigger compared to middle part, and the angle of attack is relatively large, more streamlining.

, it should be understood that the works of tower 100 of submergence in a fluid, due to fluid (such as：The air stream of wind power plant) flow through or horizontal Caused air stream vortex is alternately fallen off from tower 100 (belonging to bluff body) both sides when plunderring the outer surface of the structure of tower 100 Uneven stress caused by the surface of tower 100 a, it will transverse direction for pointing to the side is produced at the both sides vortex shedding of tower 100 Power, the vortex that alternately comes off make the structure of tower 100 make to be similar to simple harmonic quantity (i.e. sinusoidal) beam wind to (in tower 100 by this way Bottom is drawn at portion, middle part) forced vibration, referred to as Vortex-excited vibration.The toll bar Vortex-excited vibration being previously mentioned in background technology.

When Vortex-excited vibration occurs for the works of tower 100, power is swashed (i.e. not in the whirlpool acted in the structural outer surface of tower 100 Force balance) it is approximately a simple harmonic quantity power F (t)：

F (t)=F₀sinωt (1)

In formula：ω (Re, St) be Vortex Shedding frequency, ω t generally variables；

Re is Reynolds number, and St is Si Tuoluoha numbers；

F₀Swash power amplitude, F for whirlpool₀=(ρ U²/2)CD；

ρ is that the upwind of tower 100 carrys out current density；

U is the upwind arrives stream wind speed of tower 100；

C is the aerodynamic coefficient of the structural section of tower 100；Aerodynamic coefficient is also referred to as wind load Shape Coefficient, and it is wind In the pressure (or suction) that engineering structure surface is formed and the ratio of the theoretic wind pressure calculated by arrives stream wind speed.It reflects stabilization Distribution of the blast in engineering structure and building surface, and with building shape, yardstick, shielding situation and airflow direction etc. It is and different；

D be the structural outer surface of tower 100 by fluid is horizontal plunder when characteristic dimension, be fluid by barrier, stream obstacle The characteristic dimension for the space structure that barrier during thing is formed in face of fluid, is thermal conduction study field generic term.In the present embodiment, Refer to the characteristic dimension of building enclosure (being tower external surface shape here) and fluid contact level (being air stream here), generally take Perpendicular to the structure width of wind direction, external diameter of the tower 100 at corresponding height.

Swash the structure lateral amplitude of vibration of tower 100 change caused by power and turn in whirlpool：

In formula：K is the rigidity of the structural system of tower 100 (can include cabin 400)；

δ is logarithmic decrement (about 0.05).

After the wind speed of upwind incoming reaches certain suitably numerical value and continuous action is for a period of time, the structure of tower 100 Vortex-excited vibration may occur, the amplitude A now vibrated：

As can be seen that when the sectional dimension of structure is fixed, stiffness K or increase damping can be improved, such as the wall thickness of tower 100 Increase, the measure of tower 100 internal diameter increase reduce Vortex-excited vibration amplitude.

Above formulaThat is Si Tuoluoha numbers, the definition of Si Tuoluoha numbers describe vortex shedding frequency, wind speed and Relation between cylinder diameter.

In formula：F is that whirlpool takes off frequency, Hz；

U is the upwind arrives stream wind speed of tower 100；

D be the structural outer surface of tower 100 by fluid is horizontal plunder when characteristic dimension.

D refers to the external diameter at the different height of tower 100 in the present embodiment.This external diameter can change, when upwind incoming is non-aqueous When putting down, but streaming tower 100 in a manner of certain inclination angle, the path for streaming the periphery of tower 100 forms sub-elliptical, as described above The description of aerodynamic configuration, at this moment characteristic size D just (is a kind of imaginary circular cross-section for the oval equivalent diameter of aerodynamic configuration Diameter).Now, more streamlining is become by the border that fluid soaks, away from passivation.From vibration mode, Vortex-excited vibration It is with forcing the amplitude limit of double properties to vibrate with self-excitation.

Si Tuoluoha numbers can obtain according to Reynolds number, may be referred to Figure 18 with the relation of Reynolds number, Figure 18 is outside tower The relation schematic diagram of surface Si Tuoluoha numbers and Reynolds number, transverse axis are Reynolds number, and the longitudinal axis is Si Tuoluoha numbers.Reynolds number reaches 2 ×10⁵Before, Si Tuoluoha numbers are constant 0.20；Afterwards, as Reynolds number increases, Si Tuoluoha numbers first jump to 0.30, then increase 0.43 is added to, then when Reynolds number is equal to 2 × 10⁶When drop to 0.2 again.Therefore, Si Tuoluoha numbers, D, U can be obtained Parameter, f can also be calculated according to the formula of Si Tuoluoha numbers and obtained, and correspondingly, amplitude A can also calculate acquisition.

Accordingly, for this programme around fairing 200 in tower 100, the principle analysis for reaching effectiveness in vibration suppression is as follows：

1st, when upwind incoming is streamed tower 100 and contacted with fairing 200, the change of aerodynamic configuration, the phase of tower 100 are obtained Aerodynamic coefficient C after opposing connection stream becomes streamlined diminishes, it can be understood as resistance is minimized, so as to drop Low Vortex-excited vibration amplitude A, reduce vibration.

Can further quantitative analysis, when aerodynamic configuration become ovalisation when, aerodynamic coefficient C can be from general 1.2 It is reduced to 0.6 or so, it is even more small, resistance is greatly reduced, reduces vibration.Image understands, when upwind incoming horizontal swipe tower During cylinder 100, contacted with the outer surface of tower 100 for circular aerodynamic configuration, belong to bluff body, wind direction needs to be mutated, and will cause larger Out-of-balance force, and after the angle of attack changes, aerodynamic configuration is ellipse, and running orbit is elongated fluid backward, and wind direction is slowly varying, from And reduce out-of-balance force, reduce vibration.

2nd, upwind incoming is after fairing 200, in the position corresponding to fairing 200, airflow direction and path hair Change has been given birth to, the correlation of upwind air-flow near fairing 200 has been destroyed, has upset fairing 200 and other positions air-flow The uniformity of vortex shedding frequencies, so that their collective effects weaken, reduce or prevent the outer wall periphery layer of tower 100 Vortex-excited vibration responds during flow separation, also it is prevented that the vibration induced is swashed in the whirlpool of tower 100.

Correlation is the key character of fluctuating wind, herein its fluctuating wind speed or the surface two of tower 100 with 2 points of space The fluctuation pressure of point is relevant.

Coefficient correlation is defined as

The bulk strength of turbulent flow can be weighed with wind speed deviation or root mean square, and average weight is subtracted from wind speed, Then quantify remainder with deviation, to being averaged after deviation square, last evolution, show that has a wind speed unit Physical quantity, standard deviation is obtained, reference can be made to the description above for correlation.

According to above-mentioned vibration attenuation mechanism 1,2, as long as setting surrounding body 200 to change the pneumatic outer of a part of upwind incoming Shape, form positive incidence or negative angle of attack, you can the boundary layer of tower 100, and the air-flow of upper-lower section are destroyed near surrounding body 200 Correlation, suppress vibration, it is clear that surrounding body 200 has fusiform leading edge 201, and it is " fish shape " to be not limited to profile；Can be with Understand, boundary layer is destroyed to suppress the scheme of vibration by blowing function, surrounding body 200 is by whether Streamline Design is limited.

As it was previously stated, the scheme that surrounding body 200 is designed as more optimizing as buoyance lift, except that can be disturbed with negligible amounts Outside the advantage of wider area, the flow-disturbing effect of upper and lower play mode is also more preferable.

As it was previously stated, this programme surrounding body 200 is specially the fish shape of biomimetic features, surrounding body 200 includes and the phase of leading edge 201 To afterbody 202, " fish tail bar " as shown in Fig. 5-2, for tower 100, the distance of leading edge 201 to tower 100 is small Distance in afterbody 202 to tower 100.

It is arranged such, when upwind direction of flow changes, based on the presence of afterbody 202, upwind incoming is for afterbody 202 torque can be more than the torque of leading edge 201, so that surrounding body 200 produces swing, as illustrated in fig. 5-5, then surrounding body 200, which can turn to leading edge 201, is directed at upwind incoming, that is, realizes automatic alignment, the leading edge 201 of surrounding body 200 can be right all the time Quasi- upwind incoming, i.e. leading edge 201 are windward side, the above-mentioned purpose for changing the angle of attack and aerodynamic configuration are realized, so as to according to wind Suppress the function of vortex-induced vibration in good time turn to play it always.

Clearly as the unstability of wind speed, and the stress complexity of in the air of surrounding body 200 itself, surrounding body 200 With the change of wind direction, during rotation, there can be a ceaselessly dancing, surrounding body 200 also can all around and tower 100 outer walls of cylinder collide, and so as to further upset the air-flow near surrounding body 200, suppress the generation of Karman vortex street phenomenon, suppression Vortex-induced vibration processed.

On the basis of stating automatic alignment wind direction in realization, continuing with checking Fig. 5-1, in the leading edge 201 of fairing 200, The density of elastic sphere 203 can be set to the density of the elastic sphere 203 less than remaining position.The court of leading edge 201 of fairing 200 Windward is windward side to incoming, and elastic sphere 203 is squeezed that power is bigger, and deformation is also just bigger, therefore density can be configured Less than normal, remaining position stress outside windward side is relatively small, and deformation is small, and in order to form better suited scaling runner R, density can To be configured bigger than normal.The automatic right of windward side can be achieved above by leading edge 201 and afterbody 202 and the setting of the distance of tower 100 It is accurate, it will be understood that being directed at the windward side of upwind incoming all the time can also realize under external force driving, such as during change of the wind, Rotation of surrounding body 200 etc. is driven by actuator.

Please continue to refer to Fig. 5-2, the leading edge 201 of surrounding body 200 is expanded to both sides elongates, then gradually collapses backward, then Gradually expansion again, forms afterbody 202.That is, the both sides of surrounding body 200 are also in streamlined, when upwind incoming is via preceding After edge 201, during flowing backward, transition is gentle, and expansion afterbody 202 by certain resistance, so as to receive (" waist " of " fish ") is accumulated between contracting, expansion segment, coming off for the whirlpool that obstruction upwind incoming is formed, suppresses vortex-induced vibration.

The outer rim of the afterbody 202 of surrounding body 200 is in cambered surface.

Surrounding body 200 is preferably designed for symmetrical structure, and symmetrical center line is the line at the middle part of leading edge 201 to the middle part of afterbody 202, When around to tower 100, symmetrical center line is actually identical with upwind direction of flow.As shown in Fig. 5-2, fish shape surrounding body 200 be symmetrical structure.The surrounding body 200 of symmetrical structure, be advantageous to surrounding body 200 and more balanced under air stream effect, it is ensured that Its leading edge 201 can be directed at upwind incoming all the time.

During foregoing 200 structure of surrounding body, mention surrounding body 200 or the various structures of surrounding body 200 of buoyance lift can be realized Change, therefore the shape of surrounding body 200 is not limited to " fish shape " in accompanying drawing.Such as when only realizing that the angle of attack changes, surrounding body 200 Both sides and need not be streamlined；Moreover, the lower surfaces inclined downward of leading edge 201 is the formation that negative angle of attack can be achieved, it is not required to By the lower surface design of whole surrounding body 200 to tilt down, in Fig. 4, the lower surface of the leading edge 201 of surrounding body 200 dips down Tiltedly, after then slightly raising up, then entirety tilts down, and changes airflow direction, is formed down larger negative angle of attack (Fig. 8).

In addition, from the perspective of afterbody 202 is swung with box haul, set in the both sides of surrounding body 200 and be similar to leading edge 201 Projection 208 it is also possible, as shown in figure 19, Figure 19 be another surrounding body top view.

The both sides of the structure of surrounding body 200 are provided with projection 208, and surrounding body 200 can be made quickly to respond upwind incoming Change of the wind, realize leading edge 201 it is fast automatic alignment upwind incoming.

In addition, projection 208 can distinguish setting with the projecting degree of leading edge 201, due to leading edge 201 and afterbody 202 away from From setting so that surrounding body 200 can be swung, and in change of the wind, projection 208 contributes to leading edge 201 to be rocked to upwind position .After 201 face upwind incoming of leading edge, through leading edge 201, both sides shunt air-flow to the left and right, and the air-flow of shunting can impact convex 208 positions are played, so that strengthening the extruding of the both sides of surrounding body 200.From the point of view of the origin cause of formation of vortex-induced vibration, upwind incoming is two Vortex shedding forms vortex-induced vibration at side, therefore strengthens the extruding of the both sides of surrounding body 200, to blow upward, is more conducive to suppress Vortex-induced vibration.

As described above, when surrounding body 200 can buoyance lift after, can further flow-disturbing destroy whirlpool take off frequency invariance, suppress Vibration.Then in order to improve the buoyance lift performance of surrounding body 200, ring-type surrounding body 200 can have toroidal cavity (to be similar to a swimming Circle), toroidal cavity inside gassy, and gas density is less than atmospheric density.The gas filled herein for example can be hydrogen Gas, helium etc..Then now the buoyancy lift of surrounding body 200 is that buoyancy lift caused by gas density difference and surrounding body 200 are based on windward To buoyancy lift sum caused by incoming (speed is typically up to 3-4m/s) so that surrounding body 200 is easier to buoyance lift.

The purpose of based on buoyance lift and colliding, surrounding body 200 is overall can to use the material light, gas tightness is good, wear-resisting It is made.Such as can be canvas, high polymer material, flame retarded polymeric material etc..Gas tightness can well prevent inner inflatable Leakage, it is also prevented from sucking rainwater increase weight, it is wear-resisting to meet to collide the needs of rocking, also avoid by branch in natural environment Scratched Deng object.

Figure 20-Figure 22 is refer to, Figure 20 is the schematic diagram of tower 100 of the retracting device with recovery surrounding body 200；Figure 21 For the close-up schematic view at IIII positions in Figure 20；Figure 22 is the top view of surrounding body 200 in Figure 20.

Surrounding body 200 in the embodiment has interface 200c, can be formed along after interface 200c docking lockings complete Annular.As shown in figure 22, in interface 200c positions, surrounding body 200 can pairing lock to form annular, or unblock is beaten Open, turn into open loop.Interface 200c form is set, is easy to the operation of overcoat tower 100, also allows for reclaiming.

It can be inflated in the toroidal cavity of surrounding body 200, valve inside 204 can be set, valve inside 204 connects the interior of surrounding body Portion's pipeline 205, realize inflation, deflate.

As shown in figure 21, cabin 400, the outside of cabin 400 installation impeller 500, cabin 400 are installed at the top of tower 100 Gas collector 401 is inside additionally provided with, and arranges recovery tube 403, recovery port 402, recovery tube are provided with the bottom of cabin 400 403 pass through the recovery port 402, and one end connects the valve inside 204 of the outside surrounding body 200 of cabin 400, other end connection cabin 400 Interior gas collector 401, gas in surrounding body 200 can be reclaimed to gas collector 401.I.e., it is not necessary to use During surrounding body 200, recovery tube 403 can be inserted to valve inside 204, discharge is pressed into the gas in the annular housing of surrounding body 200, just The lifting of surrounding body 200 is recycled in cabin 400 in the recovery port 402 from cabin 400.

As described above, in order to increase buoyancy lift, can be with the small gas of packing ratio atmospheric density, such as hydrogen in surrounding body 200 Gas, helium etc., it can reuse, economize on resources after recovery, reduce cost.The material of surrounding body 200 can be selected foldable Material, discharge gas recovery when, can fold and be easy to deposit, reduce space-consuming.

Foregoing surrounding body 200 has interface 200c, now, can also arrange Wireless electronic lock 206, and interface 200c leads to Cross Wireless electronic lock 206 and lock pairing, form complete annular；Remote control is provided with cabin 400 simultaneously, with controlled in wireless electricity Son lock, then when reclaiming, it can be opened remote-control radio electronics lock 206 in cabin 400, so as to which surrounding body 200 may exit off tower Cylinder 100, is recycled in cabin 400 by lifting.Certainly, remote control can also set the bottom in ground or tower 100, to grasp Make personnel more easily to manipulate.

Above-mentioned gas collection device 401 and remote control etc. are all located at cabin 400, because the top of tower 100 suppresses vibration Demand is maximum, therefore surrounding body 200 is preferably designed for floating to the top of tower 100, is recovered to the cabin 400 at top also conveniently In practical operation.

When above-mentioned surrounding body 200 is around tower 100, stage use can be lifted in tower 100.

As shown in figure 23, Figure 23 is the schematic diagram of the pitch vibration of tower 100；After Figure 24 is is provided around body 200, quilt is vibrated Suppress the process schematic so as to be installed with cabin 400.

When being not provided with surrounding body, described with background technology identical, vortex-induced vibration may occur for tower 100, and Figure 23 is shown Be the whole rigging out of tower 200 after, be integrally in the wind and act on lower pitch vibration to incoming, the opening position of foundation 300 Bolt can destroy.In fact, in the hoisting process of tower 100, mounted tower segments can also be vibrated, cause this Tower segments installation difficulty above tower segments, after the rigging out of tower 100, cabin 400, the installation difficulty of impeller 500 above it.

As shown in figure 24, after setting surrounding body 200, the vibration of tower 100 is suppressed, so as to avoid or reduce vibration Amplitude, avoid producing destruction to connecting bolt or other fasteners, so as to ensure the reliability of installation, reduce weather for applying The influence of work, construction period is greatly shortened, reduce construction cost, also improve the security of construction.

Specifically in construction, since being lifted the first tower segments 101, you can thereon around surrounding body 200, but such as preceding institute To state, the destructive power of vibration is mainly reflected in highly of a relatively high upper position, so for Figure 24, in segmental hoisting, Can be since the 3rd tower segments 103 or the 4th tower segments 104, then around surrounding body 200, possess buoyance lift around one During the surrounding body 200 of function, it can float to higher leveled tower segments automatically, lasting to suppress vibration.When all tower segments After rigging out, surrounding body 200 is located at the tower segments 105 of top highest the 5th, in the state of vibration is inhibited, fitting machine Cabin 400 and impeller 500, after installing, surrounding body 200 can be unloaded, surrounding body 200 is reclaimed using way of recycling as described above To cabin 400, to reuse.

, it should be understood that surrounding body 200 can not also reclaim, sustainable utilization, for installing after the lifting of tower 100 terminates Complete tower 100 persistently plays a part of suppressing vibration.Of course, it is possible to decide whether to carry out reclaimer operation according to the actual requirements.

To sum up, this case is specially concerned with wind power generating set and is in installation process in air stream, is lifted from tower 100 Start, it is possible to the resonance after being coupled with air stream, Karman vortex street breakoff phenomenon occurs.Therefore, it is necessary to build a kind of protection Surrounding body 200 described in system, i.e. the present embodiment, during Construction of Wind Power, preparation is installed in several sections of the top of tower 100 Around, surrounding body 200 carries out flow field destruction around tower 100 by natural force air stream, reaches the protection system and causes pair The surface of tower 100 and its change in neighbouring flow field, prevent the vortex street phenomenon of tower 100 from occurring, prevent the whirlpool of tower 100 from swashing putting for response Greatly, the vortex-induced vibration of tower 100 is suppressed.

It should be noted that above-mentioned illustrate by taking tower as an example, it will be understood that similar building enclosure can use Surrounding body realizes vibration suppression, for example, it is also possible to be television tower or anemometer tower etc., when mounted with can be according to reality after installation Border demand uses or dismounting disables.

It the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that come for those skilled in the art Say, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as Protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. suppressing the surrounding body (200) of building enclosure vibration, the surrounding body (200) can surround the building enclosure, and it is special Sign is, the surrounding body (200) is towards the interior aspect face (200b) of the building enclosure, provided with can be in the wind to incoming Some elastomers of the lower extruding building enclosure of effect, during extruding, the scaling runner of air stream is formed between the elastomer (R)。

2. suppress the surrounding body (200) of building enclosure vibration as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the surrounding body (200) elastic sphere (203) is provided with, the exposed surrounding body (200) in elastic sphere (203) part forms the elasticity Body, it is internal that another part is fixed on the surrounding body (200).

3. suppress the surrounding body (200) of building enclosure vibration as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the elastic sphere (203) it is distributed along the whole ring week in the interior aspect face (200b) of the surrounding body (200), short transverse；And the surrounding body (200) have and be less than it towards the windward side of upwind incoming, the density of the elastic sphere (203) of the windward side all the time The density of the elastic sphere (203) of remaining position.

4. suppress the surrounding body (200) of building enclosure vibration as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the surrounding body (200) have all the time towards the windward side of wind direction.

5. suppress the surrounding body (200) of building enclosure vibration as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the windward side is The leading edge (201) of the surrounding body (200), the surrounding body (200) also include the afterbody relative with the leading edge (201) (202), the leading edge (201) to the distance of the building enclosure is less than the afterbody (202) to the distance of the building enclosure； And/or the both sides of the windward side have raised (208), to strengthen squeezing both sides in the presence of the upwind incoming Pressure.

6. suppress the fairing (200) of building enclosure vibration as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the surrounding body (200) then the leading edge (201) gradually collapses to both sides flaring and forms the afterbody in gradually expansion, expansion again backward (202)；The exterior contour of the surrounding body (200) is similar to fish shape.

7. suppress the surrounding body (200) of building enclosure vibration as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the surrounding body (200) annularly, from the bottom to top, lateral dimension is gradually reduced its middle through-hole (207).

8. suppress the surrounding body (200) of building enclosure vibration as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the surrounding body (200) there is interface (200c), complete annular is formed along after the interface (200c) docking locking.

9. the fairing (200) of the suppression building enclosure vibration as described in claim any one of 1-8, it is characterised in that described Fairing (200) for can the upwind incoming effect under buoyance lift fairing (200).

10. suppress the surrounding body (200) of building enclosure vibration as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the surrounding body (200) annularly, and there is toroidal cavity, gassy inside the toroidal cavity, it is close that the density of the gas is less than air Degree.

11. suppress the surrounding body (200) of building enclosure vibration as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the surrounding body (200) it is made of the material with air-tightness and wearability.

12. suppress the fairing (200) of building enclosure vibration as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the surrounding body (200) annularly, the lateral dimension of its middle through-hole (207) meets：When at the top of the building enclosure, the surrounding body (200) gap between the building enclosure (S) has preset distance, to destroy buoyance lift caused by the upwind incoming Power, realize self-balancing.

13. suppress the surrounding body equipment of building enclosure vibration, it is characterised in that including as described in claim any one of 1-12 Surrounding body (200)；Also include one end and be fixed on the tether (600) on the building enclosure or ground, the tether (600) it is another End connects the surrounding body (200).

14. suppress the surrounding body equipment of building enclosure vibration as claimed in claim 13, it is characterised in that the tether (600) at least one section is stretch section (602)；

And/or the leading edge (201) and afterbody (202) of the surrounding body (200) have the corresponding tether (600).

15. the surrounding body equipment of the suppression building enclosure vibration as described in claim any one of 1-8, it is characterised in that described Building enclosure is tower (100), television tower or the anemometer tower of wind power generating set.

16. a kind of method for lifting tower, tower (100) include some tower segments, to tower (100) when installing tower (100) Carry out segmental hoisting, it is characterised in that in hoisting process, by surrounding body (200) ring described in claim any one of 1-12 Around corresponding tower segments.

17. the method for lifting tower as claimed in claim 16, it is characterised in that only when lifting tower segments corresponding to top Just around the surrounding body (200)；And tower (100) rigging out, after cabin (400) is installed, unload the surrounding body (200)。