CN107460419B - A kind of tissue and performance optimization new process of low rhenium single crystal casting - Google Patents
A kind of tissue and performance optimization new process of low rhenium single crystal casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN107460419B CN107460419B CN201710523008.XA CN201710523008A CN107460419B CN 107460419 B CN107460419 B CN 107460419B CN 201710523008 A CN201710523008 A CN 201710523008A CN 107460419 B CN107460419 B CN 107460419B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/057—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being less 10%
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Abstract
The invention belongs to nickel base superalloy fields, are related to the tissue and performance optimization new process of a kind of low rhenium nickel base single crystal alloy.The present invention uses the laboratory facilities of Computer Simulation Software combination differential thermal analysis, and system of heat treatment process is determined more accurately；Simultaneously, the present invention is combined using hot isostatic pressing technique with heat treatment technics, while effectively eliminating the casting flaws such as microporosity and shrinkage cavity in single crystal casting, the recrystallization problem of cast(ing) surface existing for existing method is avoided by having complementary advantages, improves the intensity and enduring quality of single crystal casting；Furthermore, the present invention avoids the cast-internal that prior heat treatment process is be easy to cause by staged temperature-rising method and incipient melting phenomenon occurs and by ageing treatment three times, greater number of γ ' hardening constituent is obtained relative to traditional ageing treatment to be precipitated, and hardening constituent is evenly distributed, size is suitable for, shape is regular, can further increase antifatigue, the non-deformability of alloy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nickel base superalloy field, tissue and the performance optimization for being related to a kind of low rhenium nickel base single crystal alloy are new
Technique.
Background technique
Nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy has good creep resistant and anti-fatigue performance, good anti-oxidant and corrosion resistance
Can, it is widely used in the hot-end component of aero-engine and industry gas turbine.With space technology and gas turbine skill
The development of art, high temperature alloy operating temperature also correspondingly increase, and therefore, the refractory element content in alloy constantly improves,
In three generations's nickel base superalloy, the total content of the intensified elements such as Re, Mo, W, Ta alreadys exceed 20wt%, and wherein element Re has
Important role, therefore closed using Re content 0%, 3%, 6% as the first generation, the second generation and third generation nickel-based monocrystal high temperature is distinguished
The standard of gold.A large amount of refractory element is added so that alloy microstructure deviates equilibrium state during directional solidification, occurs
Dendritic segregation, γ ' phase size is uneven and low melting point eutectic is mutually precipitated, and the as cast conditions defect such as microporosity seriously affects alloy
Properties, thus all having to pass through suitable processing using preceding.During high temperature alloy is on active service, microporosity is to lose
One of the main formation of crack occurred is imitated, the microporosity in alloy is can effectively eliminate using hot isostatic pressing technique, improves microcosmic
Tissue improves alloy consistency；For third generation high temperature alloy, the refractory element of high-content, especially Re element add
Enter, significantly improve the interdiffusion coefficient of each element, aggravated as cast condition segregation, so that interdendritic eutectic structure is easier to occur just
It is molten, reduce heat treatment window, thus take multisection type heat treatment that can eliminate low melting point eutectic, improve strengthen phase morphology and
Volume fraction improves the properties of alloy.
The presence more universal about the optimization technological design and research of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy, passes through patent retrieval
It was found that: Chinese patent literature CN104404418A " a kind of heat treatment method of nickel base superalloy " has recorded a kind of heat treatment
Although method, the method can be improved the hot-working character of alloy, but do not carry out homogenization heat treatment, cause alloy initial
Nonuniform organization, initial melting temperature are lower；On the other hand, the method for water quenching cooling be easy to cause hardening constituent to have little time to be precipitated, and reduces
The volume fraction of γ ' phase, reduces the mechanical property of alloy at high temperature.
Chinese patent literature CN104746145A describes " heat treatment process of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy ", this method
The high temperature endurance performance of high temperature alloy can be improved, however third generation high temperature alloy initial melting temperature reaches 1350 DEG C or more, document
Middle temperature parameter setting is too low, can not play good thermal effectiveness；Simultaneously as refractory element diffusion velocity is slower, it should
Method solution time is too short, and element segregation improvement is unobvious, and is not heated up using staged, it is easy to lead to interdendritic
Low melting point region incipient melting.
Foreign patent documents RU2380454 " hot isostatic pressing processing method of monocrystal nickel-base high-temperature alloy casting " is recorded
The hip treatment technology of a kind of single crystal super alloy, although this method can also achieve the purpose that improve cast properties, so
Heat treatment, solution treatment, ageing treatment are homogenized without combining, causes to still remain apparent segregation, eutectic phase in alloy
The defects of.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide one kind and set for a kind of low rhenium third generation nickel base superalloy
Rationally, the reliable organization optimization technique of effect is effectively improved the properties of its single crystal casting to meter.
It is (wt%): Cr:2.0-4.0%, Co:7.0-10.0%, W:6.0-9.0%, Mo:1.0-2.0% for ingredient,
Re:3.0-4.5%, Ta:5.0-9.0%, Al:5.0-7.0%, Ti:0-0.5%, Nb:0.2-2.0%, Hf:0.1-0.2%,
Remaining is as follows for the technical solution of the third generation nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy organization optimization of Ni:
Step 1: cast(ing) surface cleaning；
Step 2: it determines between alloy heat-treatment zone；
Step 3: single crystal analysis sample is prepared；
Step 4: single crystal casting liquidus temperature made of determining and solidus temperature；
Step 5: homogenization heat treatment is carried out to casting；
Step 6: hip treatment；
Step 7: solution treatment is carried out to high-temperature alloy casting, is air-cooled to room temperature；
Step 8: an ageing treatment is carried out to through step 7 treated casting, is air-cooled to room temperature；
Step 9: secondary ageing processing is carried out to through step 8 treated casting, is air-cooled to room temperature；
Step 10: low temperature aging processing is carried out.
In the step 1, cast(ing) surface attachment is removed first with high-pressure sand blast machine, washes away casting using cleaning solution
Surface sand and dust greasy dirt, cleaning solution are the NaOH solution of 20%-30wt% concentration, 50 DEG C are heated to, then by the casting after cleaning
It is immersed in 10-15min in cleaning solution, impregnates 5min after taking-up in clear water.
The step 2, phase diagram simulation under the conditions of being balanced using thermodynamic software Jmatpro to the alloying component,
Primarily determine that alloy solid solution heat treatment temperature section is 1290 DEG C~1360 DEG C.
The step 3 cuts thermal analysis sample in single crystal casting different parts, and polishing removes surface oxide layer.
The step 4, sample is put into thermal analyzer, and heating is up to 1500 DEG C, subsequent cooled to room temperature,
Obtain the differential thermal analysis curve (DTA) of blade sample, and the endothermic peak of curve is analyzed determine single crystal casting liquidus temperature and
Solidus temperature.
The step 5 determines the homogenization heat treating regime of alloy are as follows: casting is placed under 1310 DEG C of vacuum environments and is kept the temperature
2-4h improves alloy initial melting temperature to improve segregation.
The step 6 hip treatment system: setting technological parameter temperature range as 1100-1200 DEG C first, pressure
Range is 150-200MPa, duration 2-4h；1250-1310 DEG C is then raised temperature to, pressure limit 200-250MPa is held
The continuous time is 2-4h, and protective gas is argon gas, and it is 15-30 DEG C/s that speed of furnace cooling is controlled after unloading.
The step 7 solution treatment system are as follows: be warming up to 1320 DEG C of heat preservation 2-4h, then heat to 1325 DEG C, keep the temperature 2-
4h is finally warming up to 1330 DEG C, keeps the temperature 6-12h, is air-cooled to room temperature.
Aging strengthening model system of the step 8: keeping the temperature 2-4h under 1160-1180 DEG C of vacuum environment for alloy,
It is air-cooled to room temperature.
The secondary ageing heat treating regime of the step 9: alloy is kept the temperature under 850-870 DEG C of vacuum environment for 24 hours with
On, it is air-cooled to room temperature.
The step 10 low temperature aging heat treating regime are as follows: after step 9, be cooled to 750-760 DEG C heat preservation for 24 hours with
On, it is air-cooled to room temperature.
Compared with prior art, it advantages of the present invention and has the beneficial effect that: relative to traditional simple heat treatment work
Skill, the present invention use the laboratory facilities of Computer Simulation Software combination differential thermal analysis, heat treatment process system are determined more accurately
Degree；Meanwhile the present invention is combined using hot isostatic pressing technique with heat treatment technics, it is micro- thin in single crystal casting effectively eliminating
While the casting flaws such as pine and shrinkage cavity, the recrystallization problem of cast(ing) surface existing for existing method is avoided by having complementary advantages,
Improve the intensity and enduring quality of single crystal casting；In addition, the present invention be directed to the tissues of third generation nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy
It is more advanced relative to a traditional generation and two generation Crystal Nickel-based Superalloys with the optimisation technique of performance；In addition, the present invention is logical
It crosses staged temperature-rising method and avoids the cast-internal that prior heat treatment process is be easy to cause and incipient melting phenomenon occur and by three times
Ageing treatment obtains greater number of γ ' hardening constituent relative to traditional ageing treatment and is precipitated, and hardening constituent distribution is equal
Even, size is suitable for, shape is regular, can further increase antifatigue, the non-deformability of alloy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is inventive energy optimization technological process figure.
The thermodynamical equilibrium phasor of Fig. 2 single crystal alloy, primarily determine alloy solid solution heat treatment temperature section be 1290 DEG C~
1360℃。
The differential thermal analysis curve (DTA) of Fig. 3 single crystal alloy, the single crystal casting liquidus temperature accurately measured and solidus temperature
Degree.
Fig. 4 is reinforcing phase morphology comparison diagram before and after single crystal casting organization optimization.
Specific embodiment
According to a specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail below:
The present embodiment is a kind of performance optimization method of low rhenium nickel base single crystal casting, and specific alloying component is (wt%): Cr:
3%, Co:10%, W:8.5%, Mo:1%, Re:3.5%, Ta:5%, Al:6%, Ti:0.2%, Nb:0.2%, Hf:0.1%,
Remaining is Ni.
Step 1 clears up cast(ing) surface.The formwork for blowing away cast(ing) surface using high-pressure sand blast machine is remaining, the corner of casting
Place, groove are not easily cleaned position at variable cross-section etc., using scrub-brush and sand paper manual cleanup.Prepare 20%-30% concentration
Cleaning solution is heated to 50 DEG C, injects in sink, the casting after cleaning is then impregnated 15min in cleaning solution by NaOH solution,
5min is impregnated after taking-up in clear water to rinse well.
Step 2 primarily determines between alloy heat-treatment zone.Under the conditions of Thermodynamic Simulation software Jmatpro calculated equilibrium
The master alloy thermodynamical equilibrium phasor of given ingredient, as shown in Figure 1, primarily determining that alloy solid solution heat treatment temperature section is 1290
DEG C~1360 DEG C.
Step 3 prepares single crystal analysis sample.Thermal analysis sample is cut in single crystal casting different parts, polishing removes surface
Oxide layer.
Step 4 determines manufactured single crystal casting liquidus temperature and solidus temperature.Sample is put into thermal analyzer,
Heating is up to 1500 DEG C, and subsequent cooled to room temperature obtains DTA curve such as Fig. 2 of blade sample.There are three being total on image
Endothermic peak is respectively 1283.6 DEG C, 1345.4 DEG C, 1407.3 DEG C.Dendrite is done with interdendritic γ ' hardening constituent mutually at 1283.6 DEG C
When substantially completely dissolve；(γ '+γ) eutectic structure fusion temperature is 1345.4 DEG C；And γ phase almost all at 1407.3 DEG C
Fusing.Take the intersection point of top greatest gradient and reference line as onset point, i.e. alloy initial melting temperature is 1358.2 DEG C.Thus
The solidus temperature of the single crystal super alloy is 1358.2 DEG C, and liquidus temperature is 1407.3 DEG C.
Step 5, homogenization heat treatment.The single crystal casting cleared up is placed in vacuum heat treatment furnace and is heated to 1310 DEG C
Room temperature is cooled to the furnace after heat preservation 3h；
Step 6, hip treatment.Single crystal casting after homogenization heat treatment is put into hot isostatic press, toward work
Interior is filled with argon gas, and in-furnace temperature is then risen to 1180 DEG C, and pressure rises to 150MPa, keeps 2h；1300 DEG C are then raised temperature to,
Pressure is increased to 225MPa, keeps 2h；Load then is shed, hot isostatic press cooling velocity is set as 20 DEG C/s, is cooled to room
It extracts work indoor gas after temperature out, takes out casting.
Single crystal casting is put into vacuum furnace and is warming up to 1320 DEG C by step 7, keeps the temperature 3h；Further it is warming up to
1325 DEG C, keep the temperature 3h after be warming up to 1330 DEG C of heat preservation 8h after, be air-cooled to room temperature.
Step 8, high-temperature aging heat treatment.Single crystal casting is kept the temperature into 4h under 1170 DEG C of vacuum environments, is air-cooled to room temperature；
Step 9, secondary ageing heat treatment.Single crystal casting is placed under 860 DEG C of vacuum environments and is kept the temperature for 24 hours, room is air-cooled to
Temperature；
Step 10, low temperature aging.Single crystal casting is kept the temperature for 24 hours at a temperature of 760 DEG C, fire door is then turned on and is air-cooled to room
Temperature takes out casting.
Claims (5)
1. the tissue and performance of a kind of low rhenium single crystal casting optimize new process, which is characterized in that specific step is as follows:
Step 1: cast(ing) surface cleaning；
Step 2: it determines between alloy heat-treatment zone；
Step 3: single crystal analysis sample is prepared；
Step 4: single crystal casting liquidus temperature made of determining and solidus temperature；
Step 5: homogenization heat treatment is carried out to casting；
Step 6: hip treatment；
Step 7: solution treatment is carried out to high-temperature alloy casting, is air-cooled to room temperature；
Step 8: an ageing treatment is carried out to through step 7 treated casting, is air-cooled to room temperature；
Step 9: secondary ageing processing is carried out to through step 8 treated casting, is air-cooled to room temperature；
Step 10: low temperature aging processing is carried out；
In the step 1, cast(ing) surface attachment is removed first with high-pressure sand blast machine, washes away cast(ing) surface using cleaning solution
Sand and dust greasy dirt, cleaning solution are the NaOH solution of 20%-30wt% concentration, are heated to 50 DEG C, then impregnate the casting after cleaning
The 10-15min in cleaning solution, impregnates 5min in clear water after taking-up；
The step 2, phase diagram simulation under the conditions of being balanced using thermodynamic software Jmatpro to the alloying component, tentatively
Determine that alloy solid solution heat treatment temperature section is 1290 DEG C~1360 DEG C；
The step 5 determines the homogenization heat treating regime of alloy are as follows: casting is placed under 1310 DEG C of vacuum environments and keeps the temperature 2-
4h improves alloy initial melting temperature to improve segregation；
The step 6 hip treatment system: setting technological parameter temperature range as 1100-1200 DEG C first, pressure limit
For 150-200MPa, duration 2-4h；1250-1310 DEG C, pressure limit 200-250MPa is then raised temperature to, when continuing
Between be 2-4h, protective gas is argon gas, after unloading control speed of furnace cooling be 15-30 DEG C/s.
2. the tissue and performance of a kind of low rhenium single crystal casting as described in claim 1 optimize new process, which is characterized in that described
Step 3 cuts thermal analysis sample in single crystal casting different parts, and polishing removes surface oxide layer.
3. the tissue and performance of a kind of low rhenium single crystal casting as described in claim 1 optimize new process, which is characterized in that described
Sample is put into thermal analyzer by step 4, and heating is up to 1500 DEG C, and subsequent cooled to room temperature obtains blade sample
Differential thermal analysis curve (DTA), and the endothermic peak of curve is analyzed and determines single crystal casting liquidus temperature and solidus temperature.
4. the tissue and performance of a kind of low rhenium single crystal casting as described in claim 1 optimize new process, which is characterized in that described
Step 7 solution treatment system are as follows: be warming up to 1320 DEG C of heat preservation 2-4h, then heat to 1325 DEG C, keep the temperature 2-4h, finally heat up
To 1330 DEG C, 6-12h is kept the temperature, room temperature is air-cooled to.
5. the tissue and performance of a kind of low rhenium single crystal casting as described in claim 1 optimize new process, which is characterized in that described
Aging strengthening model system of step 8: alloy is kept the temperature into 2-4h under 1160-1180 DEG C of vacuum environment, is air-cooled to room temperature；
The secondary ageing heat treating regime of the step 9: alloy is kept the temperature more than for 24 hours under 850-870 DEG C of vacuum environment, is air-cooled to
Room temperature；The low temperature aging heat treating regime of the step 10 are as follows: after step 9, be cooled to 750-760 DEG C heat preservation for 24 hours with
On, it is air-cooled to room temperature.
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