CN107453795A - The beam allocation method and its device and system of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system - Google Patents

The beam allocation method and its device and system of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system Download PDF

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CN107453795A
CN107453795A CN201710717443.6A CN201710717443A CN107453795A CN 107453795 A CN107453795 A CN 107453795A CN 201710717443 A CN201710717443 A CN 201710717443A CN 107453795 A CN107453795 A CN 107453795A
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user
code word
base station
beam allocation
path
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CN107453795B (en
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戚晨皓
孙旭耀
杨洋
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of beam allocation method of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system and its device and system, belong to wireless communication technology field.The beam allocation device includes：Beam search module, initialization choose module, path number judge module, the preferential judge module in single footpath, beam allocation module, single footpath user wave beam distribute module, adjustment update module and loop termination judge module.The present invention makes full use of different user and multi-path information during base station communication, beam allocation is carried out to user by base station, on the premise of ensureing that base station is the mutually different transmission code word of all service users distribution, so that can simultaneously service user number it is most, while greatly improve user's and speed.

Description

The beam allocation method and its device and system of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of beam allocation method of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system and its device and system, belong to nothing Line communication technology field.
Background technology
With the popularization of mobile intelligent terminal equipment, existing below 6GHz multiband wireless communications can not meet quickly The data traffic demand of growth.Millimeter wave frequency band (30GHz~300GHz) turns into realization because of its substantial amounts of band resource advantage The key frequency band of the indoor wireless local area network of 10Gbps handling capacities and the 5th third-generation mobile communication (5G), industrial quarters expert is obtained The extensive concern of persons and research.Further to improve throughput of system and supporting multiple stream transmission, millimetre-wave attenuator will use more Multi output (Massive Input Massive Output, the MIMO) technology of input.Time division duplex is used in transmitting procedure (Time Division Duplexing, TDD) communication mechanism, up training and data transfer are all within same section of coherence time Complete, using channel reciprocity, channel condition information can be obtained by up training.
The precoding of traditional microwave communication system mainly uses digital base band processor, it is desirable to which each antenna has special base Band and radio frequency (Radio Frequency, RF) hardware configuration, this is not in the millimeter-wave systems for possess large-scale antenna array It is in the cards；And device number can be reduced by simulating precoding structure, power consumption is reduced, but is constrained to the quantization essence of phase-shifter Degree, this precoding structure can only obtain the performance of suboptimum, and can not handle inter-user interference；In recent years, many documents propose The precoding structure that analog domain mixes with numeric field, transmission signal are handled in base band domain by digital precode first, Ran Hou Radio frequency domains are typically to be made up of simulation phase-shifter only relevant with phase by simulation precoding processing, simulation precoding.Pass through Using mixing precoding structure, the effect that whole large-scale antenna array is driven with limited RF links can be reached, so as to big The power consumption, cost and complexity of whole millimeter-wave communication system are reduced greatly.
In multi-user's millimeter wave mimo system, base station generally use mixing precoding structure, and each user is because limited In single RF links, using simulation precoding structure.In existing technology, base station is searched with all users to be serviced by wave beam Rope, the maximum path of gain is selected, carry out simulation Precoding Design using these routing informations, then precoding square is simulated into base station Battle array, actual channel and the simulation precoding vector of all users are combined as descending equivalent channel matrix, carry out digital precode and set Meter.This scheme is ignored and distributes to different user identical due to base station and send code word although it is contemplated that multi-user interference Cause descending equivalent channel matrix not full rank, and then influence the interference eradicating efficacy of digital precode matrix this problem.Also Technology proposes, is serviced by choosing the high user of AoD discriminations, can reduce inter-user interference, but this method limits Can simultaneously service user number, user and speed substantially reduces.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to overcome prior art insufficient, there is provided a kind of multi-user's millimetre-wave attenuator The beam allocation method and its device and system of system, this method make full use of the multi-path information between user and base station, are protecting Demonstrate,prove base station be all service users distribution it is mutually different transmission code word on the premise of so that can simultaneously service user number most It is more, to lift user's and speed.
Wherein, beam allocation specifically refers to：It is each after the multi-path information that base station obtains all users through beam search Can transmission code word of the service user distribution based on the angle of departure (Angle of Departure, AoD), and angle of arrival will be based on The reception codeword information of (Angle of Arrival, AoA) feeds back to user；It is descending etc. multi-user and base station communicate simultaneously when Effect channel matrix is simulated pre-coding matrix, real channel and multi-user's hypothetical mergers vector by base station and formed.Descending equivalent channel Rank of matrix specifically refers to：Base station is the number of the mutually different transmission code word of all service users distribution.
Distribution principle is：Meeting that multi-user is simultaneously maximum with descending equivalent channel matrix full rank during base station communication and order Under the premise of, maximize it is all user's and speed.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
It is of the invention specifically to solve above-mentioned technical problem using following technical scheme：A kind of wave beam of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system Distribution method, the method includes the steps of：
Step 1, K user carry out uplink beam search with base station simultaneously, obtain the multi-path information between all users and base station, And the multi-path information of each user is arranged according to the order of channel gain from big to small；Definition set Wherein Represent the collection that the channel gain in all paths of all users is formed Close, PkThe set that the channel gain in all paths of k-th of user is formed is represented,kLRepresent k-th The multipath number of user；Meanwhile base station obtains each user and is based on the angle of departure per paths when carrying out beam search (AoD) transmission code word, the reception codeword information based on angle of arrival (AoA), definitionK-th of use is represented respectively The transmission code word of family l paths is with receiving code word；
Step 2, channel gain maximal term in each user's mulitpath is chosen, form setIt is right The every paths answered send code word and form setReceive code word and form setCompare all elements size in set S, choose maximal term and be set toIt is corresponding Code word is sent to be set toCode word is received to be set to
Step 3, judge kthmaxWhether optional path is 1 between individual user and base station, if so, then performing step 5；Otherwise step is performed Rapid 4；
If step 4, in the presence ofAnd in the user for meeting to require, exist The optional user of an only paths, then perform step 6；Otherwise, step 5 is performed；
Step 5, base station are to kthmaxIndividual user, which distributes, sends code wordAnd code word will be receivedFeedback of the information To kthmaxIndividual user, K ← K-1 is made, remove setInAll channel informations of user, and send code in other users Word isPath, then to setIn remaining all elements reintegrate, perform step 7；
Step 6, by all and kthmaxUser uses identical transmission code wordAnd the user of only one optional path Form setWherein J represents the total number of users for meeting requirement,Represent the singlekChannel gain between individual user and base station；Compare each element size in R, choose maximal term and be set toBase Stand toIndividual user, which distributes, sends code wordAnd code word will be receivedFeedback of the information to theIndividual user, K ← K-1 is made, remove setInAll channel informations of user, and other users It is middle transmission code word bePath, then to setIn remaining all elements reintegrate, perform step 7；
If step 7, K=0 orBeam allocation terminates；Otherwise, return and perform step 2.
According to currently preferred, in step 1, the multipath of channel is believed when all users carry out uplink communication with base station Breath, the mode used for：According to the number of antennas code in user terminal and base station end design simulation precoding codebook, code book respectively Word carries the boot vector information of boot vector information and base station end of the user terminal based on AoD based on AoA respectively, utilizes existing skill Art, trained by ascending pilot frequency, estimate the up channel multi-path information between K user and base station；By channel reciprocity, i.e., under Row channel is the transposition of up channel, based on AoA's when transmission code word of the base station end based on AoD is uplink communication during downlink communication Receive the conjugation of code word, the conjugation of the transmission code word based on AoD when reception code word of the user terminal based on AoA is uplink communication；Need Point out：Because the number of codewords is limited (usual number of codewords is equal to number of antennas), when number of users is more, base station can Identical code word can be selected for the path of different user.
A kind of beam allocation device of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system of the present invention, the beam allocation device include：
Beam search module, for obtaining channel gain setObtain every between each user and base station The codeword information of paths；
Module is chosen in initialization, for choosing each subscriber channel gain maximum path, forms set Respective path sends codeword setReceive codeword set Compare all elements size in set S, choose maximal term and be set toCorresponding transmission code word is set toReceive code Word is set to
Path number judge module, for judging kthmaxWhether optional path is 1 between individual user and base station；
Single preferential judge module in footpath, for judging whetherIt is and full It whether there is the optional user of an only paths in the user of sufficient condition；
Beam allocation module, for base station to kthmaxIndividual user, which distributes, sends code wordAnd code word will be receivedFeedback of the information to kthmaxIndividual user；
Single footpath user wave beam distribute module, for by all and kthmaxUser uses identical transmission code wordAnd only The user of one optional path forms setCompare each element size in R, choose Maximal term is simultaneously set toBase station is toIndividual user, which distributes, sends code wordCode word will be receivedFeedback of the information to theIndividual user；
Update module is adjusted, for updating K ← K-1, removes setIn selected all routing informations at family, and other use Code word is sent in family isPath, then to setIn remaining all elements reintegrate；
Loop termination judge module, for judge whether K=0 orTo circulate or terminate process.
On the one hand, the invention provides a kind of beam allocation system of multi-user's millimetre-wave attenuator, it is including the use of mixing The above-mentioned beam allocation of the beam allocation system and setting of multi-user's millimeter wave uplink communication of precoding structure within the system Device.The beam allocation process of the beam allocation system of multi-user's millimeter wave uplink communication using mixing precoding structure Including：Searched for by uplink beam, all K users simulate precoding vector using default send corresponding to code word, transmission is led Frequency sequence enters wireless channel, and base station receives hypothetical mergers matrix reception pilot signal corresponding to code word using default, according to institute Signal energy size and corresponding code word combination are obtained, base station is that multi-user's millimeter wave uplink communication carries out beam allocation, wherein, base The signal stood covers K user, and the digital precode of base station end is used for reducing multi-user interference.
On the other hand, present invention also offers a kind of beam allocation system of multi-user's millimetre-wave attenuator, its including the use of Mix the above-mentioned wave beam of the beam allocation system and setting of multi-user's millimeter wave downlink communication of precoding structure within the system Distributor.The beam allocation of the beam allocation system of multi-user's millimeter wave downlink communication using mixing precoding structure Process includes：Searched for by uplink beam, all K users send hypothetical mergers vector corresponding to code word using default, send Pilot frequency sequence enters wireless channel, and base station receives pilot signal, root using the default corresponding simulation pre-coding matrix of code word that receives According to acquired signals energy size and corresponding code word combination, base station is that multi-user's millimeter wave downlink communication carries out beam allocation, its In, the signal of base station covers K user, and the digital precode of base station end is used for reducing multi-user interference.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1) present invention makes full use of multi-path information, is ensureing that base station is the mutually different transmission code word of all service users distribution Under the premise of, i.e., on the premise of descending equivalent channel matrix full rank so that can simultaneously service user number it is most, greatly promote simultaneously User's and speed；
2) the beam allocation method proposed in the present invention, it both ensure that each wave beam distributed to channel gain maximum as much as possible User, fully take into account again can service user simultaneously number, preferentially by user of the beam allocation to only one footpath.Using this Algorithm, the complexity of communication system is greatly reduced, improve computational efficiency, and significant effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation for multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system that the present invention is applicable；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the beam allocation method of multi-user's millimetre-wave attenuator of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the beam allocation device of multi-user's millimetre-wave attenuator of the present invention；
Fig. 4 be the present invention with two kinds of traditional pre-coding schemes in the case where number of users changes, user's and speed change Comparison diagram；
Fig. 5 is that user and speed under the conditions of different signal to noise ratio change comparison diagram to the present invention from two kinds of traditional pre-coding schemes.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment and Figure of description, but not limited to this.
Embodiment
The present invention is applied to multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system mixing precoding process, and system architecture is as shown in figure 1, this is System includes a base station and K user.It is furnished with N in base stationBSRoot antenna, NRFIndividual RF links (NBS＞ ＞ NRF＞ 1), RF links pass through Separate data flow is communicated simultaneously with K user, each one user of RF link sens.Each user is furnished with NMSRoot Antenna (NBS＞ ＞ NMS), and a RF link.Base station mixes precoding structure using multi-user, and user is only simulated Beam forming.Channel between base station and k-th of user is represented by
Wherein,It is channel fading coefficient of k-th of user in l paths,
WithRepresent the transmitting boot vector of base station and user in l paths with receiving boot vector.
For linear antenna array (Uniform Linear Arrays, ULA), definition And
Wherein, A ∈ { NBS,NMSRepresent aerial array in antenna number, define δ represent base station end the physics angle of departure (AOD) Or the physics angle of arrival (AOA) of user terminal,λ represents signal wavelength, and d represents the spacing between antenna element, Make d=λ/2.
As shown in figure 1, considering the downlink transmission of millimeter wave mimo system, base station passes through digital precode matrix FBBWith simulation pre-coding matrix FRFTo data vector d=[d1,d2,…,dK]TPrecoding processing is carried out, wherein, base station numeral is pre- Encoder matrixTransmission data are handled in fundamental frequency domain；Simulate pre-coding matrix in base stationRealized by simulation phase-shifter, in radio frequency domains processing transmission data；Data vectorOverall transmission power is constrained to P, and power equalization distributes to each transmission data, i.e.,The vector that will be obtained S=FRFFBBD is sent to K user simultaneously.The signal vector y that k-th of user receiveskIt is expressed as：
yk=HkFRFFBBd+nk (3)
Wherein, nkDownlink Gaussian noise is represented,HkRepresent the letter between base station and k-th of user Road.K-th of user merges vectorial w using receptionkThe signal received is handled, obtains primary data dkEstimation
Wherein, digital precode matrix FBBFor reducing inter-user interference；FRFEach row of matrixK is represented One antenna weight vector, each element of the vector has identical modulus value (permanent envelope constrained), and adjusts base station The phase of antenna causes base-station antenna array to point to specific direction；Represent that the reception of k-th of user merges vector together Sample is antenna weight vector, withConstrained with identical.In addition, pre-coding matrix does not provide power gain, therefore
To design optimal base station digital precode matrix FBB, simulation pre-coding matrix FRFAnd the reception of each user Vectorial wk, the performance indications generally used are system and speed.Shown in signal such as formula (4) after given processing, for k-th User, achievable rate are expressed as
Therefore, system is with rate representationMaximize RsumNeed to FRF、FBBAnd wk, k=1, 2 .., K complex optimum.
Based on beam allocation method proposed by the present invention, the flow of design mixing precoding is as follows：
First, K user carries out uplink beam search with base station simultaneously, obtains all users and letter during the progress uplink communication of base station The multi-path information in road, the mode used for：According to number of antennas respectively in user terminal and base station end design simulation precoding codebook, Code word in code book carries the boot vector information of boot vector information and base station end of the user terminal based on AoD based on AoA respectively, Generally, code book is the boot vector u (A, (- 1+ (2k-1))/A) by form such as formula (2), the set that k=1,2 ..., A are formed, code Word is the element in set.Using prior art, trained by ascending pilot frequency, estimate the up letter between K user and base station Road multi-path information.By channel reciprocity, i.e. down channel is the transposition of up channel, and base station end is based on AoD's during downlink communication The conjugation of the reception code word based on AoA when code word is uplink communication is sent, reception code word of the user terminal based on AoA is uplink communication When the transmission code word based on AoD conjugation.It may be noted that：Because number of codewords is limited, when number of users is more, base station may Identical code word is selected for the path of different user.
Then, multi-path information of the base station based on acquisition, beam allocation is carried out to all users, as shown in Fig. 2 specific distribution Flow comprises the following steps：
Step 1, K user carry out uplink beam search with base station simultaneously, obtain the multi-path information between all users and base station, And the multi-path information of each user is arranged according to the order of channel gain from big to small.Definition set Wherein Represent the collection that the channel gain in all paths of all users is formed Close, PkThe set that the channel gain in all paths of k-th of user is formed is represented,kLRepresent k-th The multipath number of user.Meanwhile base station obtains each user and is based on the angle of departure per paths when carrying out beam search (AoD) transmission code word, the reception codeword information based on angle of arrival (AoA), definitionK-th of use is represented respectively The transmission code word of family l paths is with receiving code word.
Step 2, channel gain maximal term in each user's mulitpath is chosen, form set It is corresponding that code word composition set is sent per pathsReceive code word and form setCompare all elements size in set S, choose maximal term and be set toIt is corresponding Code word is sent to be set toCode word is received to be set to
Step 3, judge kthmaxWhether optional path is 1 between individual user and base station, if so, then performing step 5；Otherwise hold Row step 4.
If step 4, in the presence ofAnd in the user for meeting to require, deposit In the optional user of an only paths, then step 6 is performed；Otherwise, step 5 is performed.
Step 5, base station are to kthmaxIndividual user, which distributes, sends code wordAnd code word will be receivedInformation Feed back to kthmaxIndividual user, K ← K-1 is made, remove setInAll channel informations of user, and sent out in other users The code word is sent to bePath, then to setIn remaining all elements reintegrate, perform step 7.In the step, Removing transmission code word in remaining users isPath, during avoiding downlink data transmission, any two User sends code word using identical, causes serious interference.
Step 6, by all and kthmaxUser uses identical transmission code wordAnd the use of only one optional path Family forms setWherein J represents the total number of users for meeting requirement,Represent Sing lekChannel gain between individual user and base station.Compare each element size in R, choose maximal term and be set toBase station is toIndividual user, which distributes, sends code wordAnd code word will be receivedLetter Breath feeds back to theIndividual user, K ← K-1 is made, remove setInAll channel informations of user, with And send code word in other users and bePath, then to setIn remaining all elements reintegrate, perform step Rapid 7.Similarly, transmission code word in remaining users is removed in the step isPath, its purpose is also to avoid lower line number According in transmitting procedure, any two user sends code word using identical, causes serious interference.
If step 7, K=0 orBeam allocation terminates；Otherwise, return and perform step 2.
After beam allocation terminates, all users carry out simulating precoding vector design using the reception codeword information of feedback, If the simulation precoding vector of k-th of user is wk, the transmission code word that base station is utilized as each user distribution carries out simulation and prelists Code matrix design, if being for the simulation precoding vector of k-th of user, can using designed simulation pre-coding matrix Construct the descending equivalent channel matrix between all users and base station
To make base station obtain descending equivalent channel matrixEstimation, using the channel heterogeneite of tdd mode, led using up Descending equivalent channel matrix is completed in frequency trainingEstimation.In the pilot tone training stage, all K users send mutually just to base station The pilot frequency sequence of friendship, is expressed asAnd Φ ΦH=IK.Wherein PuRepresent the uplink transmission power of each user. Base station received signal matrix is expressed as
WhereinFor up-link Gaussian noise.To the signal Y receivedPMake relevant treatment, obtain
, can using the digital precode matrix of Zero-forcing method (Zero Forcing, ZF) design multi-user's millimeter wave mimo system
Digital precode matrix is designed using minimum mean square error method (Minimum Mean Square Error, ZF), is obtained
Obtained each column digital precode vector is required to be normalized, to meet that base station pre-coding matrix does not provide work( The requirement of rate gain, i.e.,So far, mixing Precoding Design terminates.
According to the above method, the invention provides a kind of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system beam allocation device, such as Fig. 3 institutes Show, it includes：Module, path number judge module, the preferential judge module in single footpath, wave beam are chosen in beam search module, initialization Distribute module, single footpath user wave beam distribute module, adjustment update module and loop termination judge module.
Specifically, beam search module is used to obtain channel gain setObtain each user Codeword information between base station per paths.
Initialization chooses module and is used to choose each subscriber channel gain maximum path, forms set Respective path sends codeword setReceive codeword set Compare all elements size in set S, choose maximal term and be set toCorresponding transmission code word is set toReceive code Word is set to
Path number judge module is used to judge kthmaxWhether optional path is 1 between individual user and base station.
Single preferential judge module in footpath is used to judge whether And meet to whether there is the optional user of an only paths in the user of condition.
Beam allocation module is used for base station to kthmaxIndividual user, which distributes, sends code wordAnd code word will be receivedFeedback of the information to kthmaxIndividual user.
Single footpath user wave beam distribute module, for by all and kthmaxUser uses identical transmission code wordAnd The user of only one optional path forms setCompare each element size in R, Choose maximal term and be set toBase station is toIndividual user, which distributes, sends code wordCode word will be receivedFeedback of the information to theIndividual user.
Update module is adjusted, for updating K ← K-1, removes setIn select family all routing informations, Yi Jiqi Code word is sent in its user isPath, then to setIn remaining all elements reintegrate.
Loop termination judge module, for judge whether K=0 orTo circulate or terminate process.
Beam allocation system and above-mentioned beam allocation using multi-user's millimeter wave downlink communication of mixing precoding structure Device constitutes a kind of beam allocation system of multi-user's millimetre-wave attenuator, and its beam allocation process includes：Pass through uplink beam Search, all K users send simulation precoding vector corresponding to code word (descending to be referred to as hypothetical mergers vector), hair using default Pilot frequency sequence is sent to enter wireless channel, (descending referred to as simulation is pre- using hypothetical mergers matrix corresponding to default reception code word for base station Encoder matrix) pilot signal is received, according to acquired signals energy size and corresponding code word combination, base station is multi-user's millimeter wave Downlink communication carries out beam allocation, wherein, the signal of base station covers K user, and the digital precode of base station end is more for reducing User disturbs.
In order to verify the effect of the inventive method, by the inventive method and simulation pre-coding scheme, mixing without beam allocation Close pre-coding scheme and carry out following contrast verification experiment：
Scenario parameters are set：In systematic parameter, Base Transmitter general power is set as 60W, the transmission power of each user is 0.2W, Antenna for base station number is 64, and community user number K meets 2≤K≤20, and the number of antennas of each user is 4, for beam search Pilot length with channel estimation is τ=20, and the pilot tone that each user uses is mutually orthogonal, and the span of signal to noise ratio is 0 ~30dB.In channel parameter, by the multipath number L between k-th of user and base stationkIt is E [L to be modeled as desired valuekThe change of]=5 Amount, obey Poisson distribution；It is 0 that main footpath channel fading coefficient, which obeys average, and the multiple Gauss that variance is 0.5 is distributed, and from footpath, channel declines It is 0 to fall coefficient to obey average, and the multiple Gauss that variance is 0.05 is distributed.In experiment, Monte Carlo simulation is carried out, generates 5000 at random Secondary independent multi-user multi-path channel, simulation result are to be averaged for 5000 times.
Fig. 4 is shown using the mixing pre-coding scheme of beam allocation method of the present invention and traditional mixing pre-coding scheme And simulation pre-coding scheme user and speed with number of users change contrast curve.Abscissa represents number of users, indulges Coordinate representation user's and speed, unit be bps/Hz.System parameter setting is SNR=10dB, K ∈ [2,20].Can according to Fig. 4 Know, as number of users increases, the user's of each scheme increases rapidly with speed, and gap also gradually increases.Mixed with traditional Compared with pre-coding scheme and simulation pre-coding scheme, mix pre-coding scheme user's using beam allocation method of the present invention Significantly rise with speed, in this scheme, digital precode design is carried out using ZF or MMSE modes, effect almost complete phase Together.For traditional mixing pre-coding scheme, the mixing pre-coding scheme of digital precode is carried out to multi-purpose using MMSE modes Eradicating efficacy is disturbed to be substantially better than ZF modes between family, slightly better than simulation pre-coding scheme.When number of users increases, between multi-user Interference is continuously increased, and the tradition based on ZF, which mixes pre-coding scheme performance, even below to simulate pre-coding scheme worse and worse.
Fig. 5 is shown using the mixing pre-coding scheme of beam allocation method of the present invention and traditional mixing pre-coding scheme And simulation pre-coding scheme user and speed with signal to noise ratio change contrast curve.Abscissa represents signal to noise ratio, and unit is DB, ordinate represent user's and speed, unit be bps/Hz.System parameter setting is K=8, SNR ∈ [0dB, 30dB].Root Understood according to Fig. 5, as signal to noise ratio increases, the user's of each scheme increases rapidly with speed, and gap also gradually increases.And tradition Mixing pre-coding scheme and simulation pre-coding scheme compare, using beam allocation method of the present invention mixing pre-coding scheme use Significantly rising with speed for family, in this scheme, carries out digital precode design, effect is almost complete using ZF or MMSE modes It is identical.For traditional mixing pre-coding scheme, the mixing pre-coding scheme of digital precode is carried out to more using MMSE modes Inter-user interference eradicating efficacy is substantially better than the mixing pre-coding scheme of ZF modes, and mixes pre-coding scheme and be more than in signal to noise ratio It is superior to simulate pre-coding scheme under conditions of 10dB.
Above-described embodiment, the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are carried out further Ground describes in detail, should be understood that the embodiment that the foregoing is only the present invention, is not used to limit this hair Bright protection domain, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., it all should wrap It is contained within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

  1. A kind of 1. beam allocation method of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system, it is characterised in that the method includes the steps of：
    Step 1, K user carry out uplink beam search with base station simultaneously, obtain the multi-path information between all users and base station, And the multi-path information of each user is arranged according to the order of channel gain from big to small；Definition set Wherein Represent the collection that the channel gain in all paths of all users is formed Close, PkThe set that the channel gain in all paths of k-th of user is formed is represented,kLRepresent k-th The multipath number of user；Meanwhile base station obtains each user and is based on the angle of departure per paths when carrying out beam search (AoD) transmission code word, the reception codeword information based on angle of arrival (AoA), definitionK-th of use is represented respectively The transmission code word of family l paths is with receiving code word；
    Step 2, channel gain maximal term in each user's mulitpath is chosen, form set It is corresponding that code word composition set is sent per pathsReceive code word and form setCompare all elements size in set S, choose maximal term and be set toIt is corresponding Code word is sent to be set toCode word is received to be set to
    Step 3, judge kthmaxWhether optional path is 1 between individual user and base station, if so, then performing step 5；Otherwise step is performed Rapid 4；
    If step 4, in the presence ofAnd in the user for meeting to require, exist only There is the optional user of a paths, then perform step 6；Otherwise, step 5 is performed；
    Step 5, base station are to kthmaxIndividual user, which distributes, sends code wordAnd code word will be receivedFeedback of the information To kthmaxIndividual user, K ← K-1 is made, remove setInAll channel informations of user, and send code in other users Word isPath, then to setIn remaining all elements reintegrate, perform step 7；
    Step 6, by all and kthmaxUser uses identical transmission code wordAnd user's structure of only one optional path Into setWherein J represents the total number of users for meeting requirement,Represent the singlekChannel gain between individual user and base station；Compare each element size in R, choose maximal term and be set toBase Stand toIndividual user, which distributes, sends code wordAnd code word will be receivedFeedback of the information to theIndividual user, K ← K-1 is made, remove setInAll channel informations of user, and other users It is middle transmission code word bePath, then to setIn remaining all elements reintegrate, perform step 7；
    If step 7, K=0 orBeam allocation terminates；Otherwise, return and perform step 2.
  2. 2. beam allocation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 1, between all users and base station Multi-path information, the mode used for：According to number of antennas respectively in user terminal and base station end design simulation precoding codebook, code Code word in this carries the boot vector information of boot vector information and base station end of the user terminal based on AoD based on AoA respectively, profit With prior art, trained by ascending pilot frequency, estimate the up channel multi-path information between K user and base station；It is mutual by channel Yi Xing, i.e. down channel are the transposition of up channel, when transmission code word of the base station end based on AoD is uplink communication during downlink communication The conjugation of reception code word based on AoA, the transmission code word based on AoD when reception code word of the user terminal based on AoA is uplink communication Conjugation.
  3. 3. beam allocation method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that due to limited (the usual code word of the number of codewords Number is equal to number of antennas), when number of users is more, base station may be that identical code word is selected in the path of different user.
  4. 4. a kind of beam allocation device of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system, it is characterised in that it includes：
    Beam search module, for obtaining channel gain setObtain every between each user and base station The codeword information of paths；
    Module is chosen in initialization, for choosing each subscriber channel gain maximum path, forms set Respective path sends codeword setReceive codeword set Compare all elements size in set S, choose maximal term and be set toCorresponding transmission code word is set toReceive code Word is set to
    Path number judge module, for judging kthmaxWhether optional path is 1 between individual user and base station；
    Single preferential judge module in footpath, for judging whetherIt is and full It whether there is the optional user of an only paths in the user of sufficient condition；
    Beam allocation module, for base station to kthmaxIndividual user, which distributes, sends code wordAnd code word will be received Feedback of the information to kthmaxIndividual user；
    Single footpath user wave beam distribute module, for by all and kthmaxUser uses identical transmission code wordAnd only The user of one optional path forms setCompare each element size in R, choose Maximal term is simultaneously set toBase station is toIndividual user, which distributes, sends code wordCode word will be receivedFeedback of the information to theIndividual user；
    Update module is adjusted, for updating K ← K-1, removes setIn selected all routing informations at family, and other use Code word is sent in family isPath, then to setIn remaining all elements reintegrate；
    Loop termination judge module, for judge whether K=0 orTo circulate or terminate process.
  5. 5. a kind of beam allocation system of multi-user's millimetre-wave attenuator, it is characterised in that it is including the use of mixing precoding structure Multi-user's millimeter wave uplink communication beam allocation system and wave beam as claimed in claim 4 within the system point is set With device.
  6. 6. beam allocation system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the multi-user using mixing precoding structure The beam allocation process of the beam allocation system of millimeter wave uplink communication includes：Searched for by uplink beam, all K user profits Precoding vector is simulated corresponding to default transmission code word, pilot frequency sequence is sent and enters wireless channel, base station is received using default Hypothetical mergers matrix reception pilot signal corresponding to code word, according to acquired signals energy size and corresponding code word combination, base station Beam allocation is carried out for multi-user's millimeter wave uplink communication, wherein, the signal of base station covers K user, and the numeral of base station end is pre- Coding is used for reducing multi-user interference.
  7. 7. a kind of beam allocation system of multi-user's millimetre-wave attenuator, it is characterised in that it is including the use of mixing precoding structure Multi-user's millimeter wave downlink communication beam allocation system and wave beam as claimed in claim 4 within the system point is set With device.
  8. 8. beam allocation system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the multi-user using mixing precoding structure The beam allocation process of the beam allocation system of millimeter wave downlink communication includes：Searched for by uplink beam, all K user profits The hypothetical mergers vector corresponding to default transmission code word, send pilot frequency sequence and enter wireless channel, base station receives code using default Simulation pre-coding matrix receives pilot signal corresponding to word, according to acquired signals energy size and corresponding code word combination, base station Beam allocation is carried out for multi-user's millimeter wave downlink communication, wherein, the signal of base station covers K user, and the numeral of base station end is pre- Coding is used for reducing multi-user interference.
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