CN107453593B - Switching tube driving circuit and driving method thereof - Google Patents
Switching tube driving circuit and driving method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107453593B CN107453593B CN201710715934.7A CN201710715934A CN107453593B CN 107453593 B CN107453593 B CN 107453593B CN 201710715934 A CN201710715934 A CN 201710715934A CN 107453593 B CN107453593 B CN 107453593B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0029—Circuits or arrangements for limiting the slope of switching signals, e.g. slew rate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a switching tube driving circuit and a driving method thereof, wherein the driving circuit has two circuit structures, the first driving circuit receives a sampling signal representing the drain voltage of a switching tube, the change rate of a drain voltage signal can be obtained according to the sampling signal, and the change rate of the drain voltage signal controls the driving current of the switching tube; the second driving circuit receives a sampling signal representing the drain voltage or the gate voltage of the switching tube, and compares the time when the sampling signal reaches the reference signal with a threshold time, so as to adjust the driving current of the switching tube. The switching tube driving circuit can adjust the change rate of the drain voltage or the grid voltage signal, and has high adjustment precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a switching tube driving circuit and a driving method thereof.
Background
In a switching power supply, the gate driving speed of a switching transistor affects the operation performance of the switching power supply. If the driving speed of the switching tube is too high (namely, the driving current is too large), the switching tube is easy to generate an EMI interference problem; if the switching tube driving speed is too slow (i.e., the driving current is too small), the switching speed of the switching tube becomes slow, and the switching delay becomes large, thereby increasing the switching loss.
Fig. 1 illustrates a switching tube driving circuit in the prior art, which comprises a switching tube M and a resistor R, wherein the resistor R is connected with the gate of the switching tube M, and an input driving signal DRV controls the switching tube M to be switched on and off through the resistor R. The switching-on and switching-off speed of the switching tube M is adjusted by adjusting the size of the resistor R. If the resistor R is smaller, the EMI characteristic of the circuit is poorer; if the resistor R is larger, the switching speed is slower, and the switching loss is larger. In the prior art, it is difficult to achieve optimal balance between electromagnetic interference and switching loss of the switching tube by adjusting the resistor R, and the mode of adjusting the switching speed of the switching tube by adjusting the resistor R has poor flexibility and accuracy. In order to reduce switching loss and EMI interference of the switching tube, an optimized design of a gate driving circuit of the switching tube is required, so that the switching tube can achieve a proper switching speed.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the present invention is directed to a switching tube driving circuit and a driving method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems of large EMI interference and large switching loss in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a switching tube driving circuit:
and receiving a sampling signal representing the drain voltage of the switching tube, and obtaining the change rate of the drain voltage signal according to the sampling signal, wherein the change rate of the drain voltage signal controls the driving current of the switching tube.
Optionally, the driving circuit includes a differentiating circuit and a current generating circuit, the differentiating circuit outputs a first voltage signal, and the first voltage signal characterizes a change rate of the drain voltage signal; the current generation circuit inputs a first voltage signal and outputs a first current signal, and the first current signal controls the driving current of the switching tube.
Optionally, the driving circuit further includes a current generating unit, and a difference value between the current generating unit and the first current signal is used as a driving current of the switching tube.
Optionally, the differentiating circuit includes a first capacitor and a first resistor, the first capacitor and the first resistor are connected in series, and the voltage at the node is a first voltage; the current generation circuit comprises an operational amplifier, a second resistor and a current mirror, wherein a first input end of the operational amplifier receives the first voltage signal, a second input end of the operational amplifier is connected with a second end of the auxiliary switch tube and the second resistor, an output end of the operational amplifier is connected with a control end of the auxiliary switch tube, a first end of the auxiliary switch tube is connected with an input end of the current mirror, an output end of the current mirror is connected with the current generation unit, a first current signal is output by the current mirror, and an output end of the current mirror is connected with a common end of the current generation unit and a control end of the switch tube.
The invention also provides another switching tube driving circuit, which comprises:
receiving a sampling signal representing the drain voltage or the gate voltage of the switching tube, and comparing the time when the sampling signal reaches the reference signal with a threshold time so as to adjust a switching tube driving current signal; the reference signal is a first reference signal when the switching tube is regulated to turn off the driving current, and is a second reference signal when the switching tube is regulated to turn on the driving current.
Optionally, the driving circuit receives the sampling signal and a PWM signal of the switching tube, and when the switching tube is turned off and the driving current is regulated, the driving circuit judges whether the sampling signal reaches a first reference signal or not when the falling edge of the PWM signal delays for a period of time; when the driving current is turned on by the regulating switch tube, the driving circuit judges whether the sampling signal reaches a second reference signal or not when the rising edge of the PWM signal delays for a period of time; and if the sampling signal does not reach the corresponding reference signal, controlling the driving current of the switching tube to be increased, and if the sampling signal reaches the corresponding reference signal, controlling the driving current of the switching tube to be decreased.
Optionally, the driving circuit includes a comparator and a delay circuit, one end of the comparator inputs the sampling signal, the other end inputs the first reference signal or the second reference signal, and the comparator outputs a comparison signal; the delay circuit receives the PWM signal of the switching tube and outputs a falling edge or rising edge delay signal of the PWM signal.
Optionally, the driving circuit further includes a logic circuit, and the logic circuit receives the comparison signal and the delay signal, outputs a control signal, and adjusts the driving current of the switching tube according to the control signal.
Optionally, the driving circuit further includes a current adjusting circuit, and the driving circuit further includes a current adjusting circuit, where the current adjusting circuit includes a plurality of driving units connected in parallel, and the driving units are a switching tube, a circuit in which a current source is connected in series with a switch, or a circuit in which a resistor is connected in series with a switching tube.
The invention also provides a switching tube driving method, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining the change rate of a drain voltage signal according to a sampling signal representing the drain voltage of the switching tube, wherein the change rate of the drain voltage signal controls the driving current of the switching tube;
the invention also provides another switching tube driving method, which comprises the following steps:
receiving a sampling signal representing the drain voltage or the gate voltage of the switching tube, and comparing the time when the sampling signal reaches the reference signal with a threshold time so as to adjust a switching tube driving current signal; the reference signal is a first reference signal when the switching tube is regulated to turn off the driving current, and is a second reference signal when the switching tube is regulated to turn on the driving current.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: the driving circuit has two circuit structures, wherein the first driving circuit receives a sampling signal representing the drain voltage of the switching tube, the change rate of a drain voltage signal can be obtained according to the sampling signal, and the change rate of the drain voltage signal controls the driving current of the switching tube; the second driving circuit receives a sampling signal representing the drain voltage or the gate voltage of the switching tube, and compares the time when the sampling signal reaches the reference signal with a threshold time, so as to adjust the driving current of the switching tube. The invention can dynamically adjust the switching speed of the switching tube, thereby not only reducing the EMI interference of the switching tube, but also reducing the switching loss of the switching tube.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art switching tube driving circuit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a driving circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of the switching tube operation;
FIG. 4 is a control block diagram of a first driving circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first driving circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second driving circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first current regulation circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second current regulation circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a third current regulation circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a switching tube driving adjustment waveform according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments only. The invention is intended to cover any alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention, and the invention will be fully understood to those skilled in the art without such details.
The invention is more particularly described by way of example in the following paragraphs with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are in a simplified form and are not to scale precisely, but rather are merely intended to facilitate and clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, a driving circuit diagram of the present invention is illustrated, the driving circuit receiving a sampling signal V representing the drain voltage or gate voltage of a switching tube M D Or V G Output the driving current i for controlling the switching speed of the switching tube M G A signal. The driving circuit has two circuit structures, the first driving circuit receives a sampling signal representing the drain voltage of the switching tube, the change rate of a drain voltage signal can be obtained according to the sampling signal, and the change rate of the drain voltage signal controls the driving current of the switching tube; the second driving circuit receives a sampling signal representing the drain voltage or the gate voltage of the switching tube, and compares the time when the sampling signal reaches the reference signal with a threshold time, so as to adjust the driving current of the switching tube.
As shown in FIG. 3, a waveform diagram of the operation of the switching tube is illustrated, V in the process of switching tube from on to off G Sampling voltage signal for grid electrode of switch tube, V D The voltage signal is sampled for the drain electrode of the switching tube, vth is the miller plateau voltage of the switching tube, and PWM is the pulse width modulation signal of the switching tube M. Switching on stage of the switching tube, gate voltage V G Rising from zero when the gate voltage V G When the threshold plateau voltage Vth is raised, the switching tube is turned on, and the drain voltage V D Start to descend when V D Falling to zero, gate voltage V G And continuously rising to the driving voltage, and completing the conduction process of the switching tube. Switch tube switchIn the off-phase, the gate voltage V G From the driving voltage to decrease, when the gate voltage V G When the threshold plateau voltage Vth is reduced, the switching tube is turned off, and the drain voltage V D Start to rise when V D When rising to the off-state voltage, the gate voltage V G And continuing to drop to zero, and completing the turn-off process by the switching tube.
As shown in FIG. 4, a control block diagram of a first driving circuit of the present invention is shown, representing a sampling signal V of drain voltage D A first voltage V1 is obtained after passing through a differentiating circuit, the first voltage V1 obtains a first current i1 through a current generating circuit, and a driving current i is obtained through the difference value of the current i0 and the first current i1 G 。
As shown in fig. 5, a schematic diagram of a first driving circuit of the present invention is shown, and the driving circuit of the present invention is illustrated by taking an example of adjusting the turn-off speed of the switching tube M, and the driving circuit includes a differentiating circuit, a current generating circuit, and a current generating unit, where the current generating unit adopts a current source I0, and the current generating unit may also be a switching tube or a resistor. The differentiating circuit comprises a capacitor C and a first resistor R1, and the current generating circuit comprises an operational amplifier U501, an auxiliary switching tube M01, a second resistor R2 and a current mirror U502. One end of the capacitor C receives a sampling signal V representing the voltage of the Drain electrode (Drain) of the switching tube M D The other end of the resistor R1 is connected with one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded, and the voltage at the nodes of the capacitor C and the resistor R1 is the first voltage V1. The non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U501 inputs a first voltage V1, the inverting input end is connected with the second end of the auxiliary switching tube M01 and a second resistor R2, and the output end is connected with the control end of the auxiliary switching tube M01. The first end of the auxiliary switch tube M01 is connected with the input end of the current mirror U502, the output end of the current mirror U502 is connected with the current source I01, and the current generated by the current source I0 is I0. The nodes of the current mirror U502 and the current source I0 are connected with the Gate (Gate) of the switching tube M. The current mirror U502 comprises two MOS tubes, the size ratio of the two MOS tubes is 1:k, namely the current mirror U502 amplifies the signal of the input end by k times and outputs the signal.
The current flowing through the resistor R1 isFor the rate of change of the drain voltage signal, the first voltage V1 across the resistor R1 is +.>The non-inverting terminal and the inverting terminal of the operational amplifier U501 are virtually disconnected, the output voltage of the output terminal is the same as the input voltage V1 of the non-inverting terminal, so that the current flowing through the resistor R2 is V1/R2, and after the current is amplified by the current mirror U502, the output terminal of the current mirror outputs a first current i1 as k×v1/R2. Taking the example when the switching tube M is turned off, the gate pull-down driving current i is then calculated when the switching tube M is turned off G The method comprises the following steps:
as can be seen from equation (1), the drive current i G And (3) withInversely proportional->The switching speed of the switching tube is characterized. The driving circuit is a negative feedback regulating circuit, and the grid driving current i is regulated through negative feedback G When the drain sampling signal change rate +.>When the current is too large, the switching tube drives the current i G Correspondingly smaller, the switching-off speed of the switching tube M becomes smaller, the sampling signal change rate +.>Becoming smaller; the negative feedback driving control scheme can adjust the turn-off speed of the switching tube M in real time, and has high adjustment precision.
As shown in fig. 6, a schematic diagram of a second driving circuit of the present invention is shown, in which the driving circuit of the present invention is illustrated by taking the turn-off speed of the switching transistor M as an example, and fig. 6 includes a comparator U601, a delay circuit U602, a logic circuit U603, and a current adjusting circuit U604. The invention adoptsSample gate voltage V G To control the driving current i G An example is described. One end of the comparator U601 inputs a sampling signal V G The other end inputs a first reference signal Vref1 and outputs a comparison signal. The delay circuit U602 receives the PWM signal and outputs a delay signal. The logic circuit U602 receives the comparison signal and the delay signal, outputs control signals Q1, Q2, Q3, qn, and the current adjusting circuit U604 receives the control signals, and outputs an adjusted driving current signal i G . When the on speed of the switching tube M is adjusted, the reference signal corresponding to the sampling signal is the second reference signal Vref2.
After the delay circuit U602 delays the falling edge of the PWM signal for a period of time T0, the gate sampling signal V is determined G Whether the reference signal Vref1 is reached (i.e., whether the comparison signal output by the comparison circuit U601 is inverted) if V G Reaching Vref1 indicates that the drive current is excessive and the current regulating circuit U604 is controlled by the logic circuit U603 to regulate the drive current reduction. If V is to be G The time when the reference signal Vref1 is reached is recorded as T1, the delay time T0 is taken as a threshold time, the time T1 is compared with the threshold time T0 through the logic circuit U603, if the T1 is shorter than the T0, the driving current is excessively large, and the logic circuit U603 controls the current regulating circuit U604 to regulate the driving current to be reduced. By sampling the drain voltage V D To control the driving current i G Reference is made to the description above.
As shown in fig. 7, a schematic diagram of a first current regulation circuit of the present invention is illustrated, where the current regulation circuit U604 includes a plurality of current regulation units connected in parallel, the current regulation unit is a switching tube, and a control end of the switching tube receives a control signal output by the logic circuit U603. The driving current signal i is obtained by controlling the on-off of the switching tube G 。
As shown in fig. 8, a schematic diagram of a second current regulation circuit of the present invention is shown, which differs from fig. 7 only in that the current regulation unit is a series circuit of a switch and a current source.
As shown in fig. 9, a schematic diagram of a third current regulation circuit according to the present invention is shown, which differs from fig. 8 only in that the current regulation unit is a series circuit of a switch and a resistor.
As shown in fig. 10, the switching speed waveform of the switching tube of the present invention is illustrated, and fig. 10 is a further illustration of the switching speed determination made on the basis of fig. 6. Wherein PWM is a switching tube modulation signal, PWM_delay signal is a signal after the delay of PWM signal by T0 time, V G For the sampling signal of the grid voltage of the switching tube M, vref1 is V when the switching tube M is turned off G I.e. the first reference signal; vref2 is V when the switching tube M is turned on G I.e. the second reference signal. Judging the turn-off speed of the switching tube M: after the PWM falling edge is delayed for a period of time T0, namely, when the PWM_delay signal has a falling edge, judging V G Whether to fall to the reference signal Vref1. Before the falling edge of the PWM_delay signal occurs, V G When the reference signal Vref1 is dropped, referring to point A in FIG. 10, it is explained that the switching tube M is turned off too fast; after the falling edge of the PWM_delay signal, V G The reference signal Vref1 is dropped, and the switching-off speed of the switching transistor M is too slow, as described with reference to point B in fig. 10. Judging the opening speed of the switching tube M: after the PWM rising edge is delayed for a period of time T0, namely when the PWM_delay signal rises, judging V G Whether to rise to the reference signal Vref2. Before the rising edge of the PWM_delay signal, V G The rising reference signal Vref1, referring to point C in FIG. 10, indicates that the switching tube M is turned on too fast; after the rising edge of the PWM_delay signal, V G The rising to the reference signal Vref2 indicates that the switching transistor M is turned on at too slow a speed, referring to point D in fig. 10.
The switching-on speed control mode of the switching tube is described with reference to the switching-off speed control mode of the switching tube.
Although the embodiments have been described and illustrated separately above, and with respect to a partially common technique, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that alternate and integration may be made between embodiments, with reference to one embodiment not explicitly described, and reference may be made to another embodiment described.
The above-described embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the above embodiments should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A switching tube driving circuit:
receiving a sampling signal representing the drain voltage or the gate voltage of the switching tube, and comparing the time when the sampling signal reaches a corresponding reference signal with a threshold time, thereby adjusting a switching tube driving current signal; the reference signal is a first reference signal when the switching tube is regulated to turn off the driving current, and is a second reference signal when the switching tube is regulated to turn on the driving current;
the driving circuit receives the sampling signal and a PWM signal of the switching tube, and judges whether the sampling signal reaches a first reference signal or not when the falling edge of the PWM signal delays for a period of time when the switching tube is regulated to turn off the driving current; when the driving current is turned on by the regulating switch tube, the driving circuit judges whether the sampling signal reaches a second reference signal or not when the rising edge of the PWM signal delays for a period of time; and if the sampling signal does not reach the corresponding reference signal, controlling the driving current of the switching tube to be increased, and if the sampling signal reaches the corresponding reference signal, controlling the driving current of the switching tube to be decreased.
2. The switching tube driving circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the driving circuit comprises a comparator and a delay circuit, wherein one end of the comparator is input with the sampling signal, the other end of the comparator is input with a first reference signal or a second reference signal, and the comparator outputs a comparison signal; the delay circuit receives the PWM signal of the switching tube and outputs a falling edge or rising edge delay signal of the PWM signal.
3. The switching tube driving circuit according to claim 2, wherein: the driving circuit further comprises a logic circuit, the logic circuit receives the comparison signal and the delay signal, outputs a control signal, and adjusts the driving current of the switching tube according to the control signal.
4. A switching tube driving circuit according to claim 3, wherein: the driving circuit further comprises a current regulating circuit, the current regulating circuit comprises a plurality of driving units which are connected in parallel, and the driving units are a switching tube or a circuit in which a current source is connected with a switch in series or a circuit in which a resistor is connected with a switching tube in series.
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| CN201710715934.7A CN107453593B (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2017-08-18 | Switching tube driving circuit and driving method thereof |
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| CN201710715934.7A CN107453593B (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2017-08-18 | Switching tube driving circuit and driving method thereof |
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| JP6956034B2 (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2021-10-27 | 株式会社東芝 | Switching control circuit |
| CN108521241B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2021-01-15 | 常州电子研究所有限公司 | Switching mechanism drive circuit and drive method thereof |
| CN109039031A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2018-12-18 | 杰华特微电子（杭州）有限公司 | transistor control circuit and method |
| CN109981088B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2024-04-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | Driving circuit capable of adaptively adjusting switching speed of SiC MOSFET |
| CN109861504B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-30 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Air conditioner, intelligent power module and control method thereof |
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| CN112953262B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2022-06-28 | 产晶积体电路股份有限公司 | Dynamic regulating power supply controller |
| CN112803723B (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2022-07-12 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Inverter control method, switching tube driving circuit, controller and inverter |
| CN113098241B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-06-17 | 浙江大学 | Closed-loop active driving circuit, driving method and switching power supply |
| CN113612208B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2022-10-04 | Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 | Current limiting circuit |
| CN114598136A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-06-07 | 小米汽车科技有限公司 | Switch control circuit, control method thereof, switch circuit and electric vehicle |
| CN115102384B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-07-18 | 深圳市单源半导体有限公司 | Soft start control circuit, control method thereof and power supply circuit |
| CN115313813A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-08 | 新誉集团有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for controlling driving voltage |
| CN118054652A (en) * | 2024-04-15 | 2024-05-17 | 苏州纳芯微电子股份有限公司 | Drive control circuit, drive control method, and drive control system |
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