CN107449687A - Device and method for testing water absorption of silicon rubber material under stress condition - Google Patents
Device and method for testing water absorption of silicon rubber material under stress condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN107449687A CN107449687A CN201710787924.4A CN201710787924A CN107449687A CN 107449687 A CN107449687 A CN 107449687A CN 201710787924 A CN201710787924 A CN 201710787924A CN 107449687 A CN107449687 A CN 107449687A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 24
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000005213 imbibition Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 229920000260 silastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 40
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- APTZNLHMIGJTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyraflufen-ethyl Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OCC(=O)OCC)=CC(C=2C(=C(OC(F)F)N(C)N=2)Cl)=C1F APTZNLHMIGJTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
- G01N5/025—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content for determining moisture content
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing water absorption of a silicon rubber material under a stress condition, relates to the technical field of power grids, and can be used for researching the influence of mechanical strain on the water absorption and the water absorption of the silicon rubber. A device for testing water absorption of a silicone rubber material under a stress condition comprises a base, wherein two vertical plates are fixed on the base at intervals, a sample to be measured made of the silicone rubber material is arranged between the two vertical plates, the vertical plates are connected with the sample to be measured through a connecting structure, the sample to be measured can be stretched or shortened by operating the connecting structure, and when the sample to be measured is stretched or shortened to a preset length, the relative position of the connecting structure and the vertical plates can be fixed through a positioning structure. The invention is used for testing the water absorption of the material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric power network technique field, more particularly to a kind of test silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation
Device and method.
Background technology
It is standing to be equipped with insulator to avoid each power transmission line from contacting with each other in power network.Insulator is a kind of special exhausted
Edge control, it can be played an important role in overhead transmission line.Insulator should not occur due to environment and electric load condition
Various electromechanical stress caused by change and fail, otherwise insulator would not produce great effect, will damage whole piece circuit
Use and service life.Insulator be for support and fixed bus and energized conductor and make between energized conductor or conductor with
There are enough distances and insulation between the earth.Insulator should have enough electrical insulation strength and moisture-resistance.
Silicon rubber insulator, alias is composite insulator, for ultra-high-tension power transmission line.Silicon rubber insulator can be widely used for
Ultra-high-tension power transmission lines, different gradation for surface pollution areas are applicable to, there is in light weight, small volume, non-breakable, high-tensile,
The characteristics of pollution performance is strong.Silicon rubber compound insulator has the performances such as excellent antifouling work, is reliably transported in the guarantee stabilization of power grids
Vital effect is played in row, but the event of some different orders of severity still occurs when composite insulator is run out of doors
The rise of barrier, such as Insulator detection, insulator temperature, full skirt or sheath aging, thunderbolt and full skirt breakage.
In the plug corrosion fracture of composite insulator and temperature rise, the water suction of silicon rubber umbrella skirt or sheath, moisture absorption and
Key player is play, caused by a lot of line insulator failures are all due to silicon rubber water suction, moisture absorption.Water imbibition refers to material suction
The property of moisture is received, hygroscopicity refers to the property that material absorbs moisture (vapor) in surrounding environment；As long as material and water or moisture
Directly contact, water or moisture are likely to enter in material.Water imbibition, hygroscopicity belong to the physical property of material.
When composite insulator is hung, certain bending can occur for the plug of composite insulator in some cases.Plug
During bending, silicone rubber jacket can be bent therewith, sheath concave side compression chord, and compression makes sheath be compressed along plug axis direction,
And then sheath is set to produce certain compressive strain；And the convex side tension stress of sheath, tension make sheath be stretched along plug axis direction,
And then sheath is set to produce certain stretching strain.The size and the size of degree of crook and plug and sheath of silicone rubber jacket strain have
Close.It is therefore desirable to study mechanical strain to silicon rubber water imbibition, hygroscopic influence.
The content of the invention
Embodiments of the invention provide a kind of device and method for testing silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation, can
Mechanical strain is studied on silicon rubber water imbibition, hygroscopic influence.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, embodiments of the invention adopt the following technical scheme that：
A kind of device for testing silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation, including base, interval is solid on the base
Surely there are two risers, be used to sample to be measured made of silastic material be installed between two risers, the riser passes through
Attachment structure is connected with the sample to be measured, by operating the attachment structure, the sample to be measured can be stretched or pressed
It is short, when the sample to be measured stretching or pressure are as short as preset length, by location structure can by the attachment structure with it is described
The relative position of riser is fixed.
Further, the attachment structure includes at least two fixtures and two connecting rods, and two fixtures are used respectively
In the both ends for gripping the sample to be measured, two connecting rods are fixedly connected with two fixtures respectively, and can
Two risers movements are respectively relative to, the location structure is arranged between the connecting rod and the riser, for inciting somebody to action
The connecting rod and the relative position of the riser are fixed.
Further, the connecting rod is screw rod, and the location structure includes the first screw thread being arranged on the riser
Hole, the screw rod coordinate with first screwed hole, the connecting rod can be made to be moved relative to the riser, or make the connection
The relative position of bar and the riser is fixed.
Further, the connecting rod is screw rod, and the location structure includes nut and first through hole, the first through hole
It is arranged on the riser, the screw rod passes through the first through hole, and can coordinate with the nut, and the external diameter of the nut is big
In the diameter of the first through hole；When the sample to be measured is stretched to preset length, the nut is arranged on the riser
Away from the sample to be measured side, and with the riser against；When the sample pressure to be measured is as short as preset length, institute
State nut and be arranged on the riser close to the side of the sample to be measured, and with the riser against.
Further, the fixture includes U-shaped body and the clamping part positioned at U-shaped body open end, the U-shaped body phase
To two side walls on be respectively equipped with the second through hole and the second screwed hole, coordinate with second through hole and second screwed hole
Adjusting screw rod is provided with, one end of the adjusting screw rod coordinates through second through hole and second screwed hole, the other end
Provided with set with the U-shaped body side of the second through hole against butting section.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of side for testing silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation
Method, comprise the following steps：
Sample stretching to be measured or pressure made of silastic material are as short as preset length；
It will stretch or press the sample to be measured for being as short as preset length to be impregnated in default aqueous test fluid；
The quality of the sample to be measured is measured, to obtain in the case where the sample to be measured is in each preset length, no
With dip time and the corresponding relation of the mass change characterization value of the sample to be measured, and/or, obtain in the sample to be measured
Product are under same dip time, and the different preset lengths are corresponding with the mass change characterization value of the sample to be measured to close
System.
Further, in addition to：
The sample to be measured in initial length is impregnated in default aqueous test fluid；
The quality of the sample to be measured is measured, to obtain in the case where the sample to be measured is in each preset length, no
With dip time and the corresponding relation of the mass change characterization value of the sample to be measured, and/or, obtain in the sample to be measured
Product are under same dip time, and the different preset lengths are corresponding with the mass change characterization value of the sample to be measured to close
System.
Further, the aqueous test fluid includes：Deionized water, sodium chloride solution, sodium hydroxide solution, nitric acid are molten
At least one of liquid, glucose solution and calcium sulphate soln.
Further, in addition to：Before the quality of the sample to be measured is measured every time, the sample table to be measured is removed
The moisture in face.
Further, the moisture for removing the sample surfaces to be measured includes：Absolute ethyl alcohol and deionization are used successively
Water cleans the sample to be measured, and the moisture of the sample surfaces to be measured is then removed with filter paper.
The embodiment of the present invention test silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation device and method, on base between
Every fixing two risers, sample to be measured is connected with by attachment structure between two risers, and by operating attachment structure, can
Sample to be measured is stretched or pressed and is as short as preset length, now, location structure can be by attachment structure and the relative position of riser
It is fixed, and then sample to be measured is in the state for being stretched or pressing and be as short as preset length, sample to be measured can be carried out real
Test tries.Specifically, after sample to be measured is stretched or pressed being as short as preset length, default aqueous test fluid is impregnated in
In, and then by measuring the quality of sample to be measured, sample to be measured can be obtained and be under each preset length, difference dipping
Time and the corresponding relation of the mass change characterization value of the sample to be measured, and/or, obtain being in same in sample to be measured
Under dip time, different preset lengths and the corresponding relation of the mass change characterization value of sample to be measured.By obtained above
Data corresponding relation, mechanical strain can be studied on silicon rubber water imbibition, hygroscopic influence, experimental result is obtained, for stabilization
Power network provides superior technique and supported.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, embodiment will be described below
In the required accompanying drawing used be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description be only the present invention some
Embodiment, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be attached according to these
Figure obtains other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of test silastic material device of water imbibition under force-bearing situation of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the side view of test silastic material device of water imbibition under force-bearing situation of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the top view of test silastic material device of water imbibition under force-bearing situation of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the sample to be measured of test silastic material method of water imbibition under force-bearing situation of the embodiment of the present invention
The mass change and the graph of a relation of time being impregnated in deionized water；
Fig. 5 is the sample to be measured of test silastic material method of water imbibition under force-bearing situation of the embodiment of the present invention
The mass change and the graph of a relation of time being impregnated in sodium chloride solution；
Fig. 6 is the sample to be measured of test silastic material method of water imbibition under force-bearing situation of the embodiment of the present invention
The mass change and the graph of a relation of time being impregnated in sodium hydroxide；
Fig. 7 is the sample to be measured of test silastic material method of water imbibition under force-bearing situation of the embodiment of the present invention
The mass change and the graph of a relation of time being impregnated in salpeter solution；
Fig. 8 is the sample to be measured of test silastic material method of water imbibition under force-bearing situation of the embodiment of the present invention
The mass change and the graph of a relation of time being impregnated in glucose solution；
Fig. 9 is the sample to be measured of test silastic material method of water imbibition under force-bearing situation of the embodiment of the present invention
The mass change and the graph of a relation of time being impregnated in calcium sulphate soln；
Figure 10 is the sample to be measured of test silastic material method of water imbibition under force-bearing situation of the embodiment of the present invention
Product are impregnated in the mass change in different water cut test fluid after certain time and the graph of a relation of time.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to illustrate, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or be integrally connected.It is right
For one of ordinary skill in the art, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention can be understood with concrete condition.
Term " first ", " second " be only used for describe purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or imply relative importance or
The implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, " first " is defined, the feature of " second " can be expressed or imply
Ground includes one or more this feature.In the description of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, " multiple " be meant that two or
Two or more.
A kind of device for testing silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig. 1 and
Shown in Fig. 2, including base 1, interval is fixed with two risers 2 on base 1, is used to install silastic material between two risers 2
Manufactured sample to be measured 3, riser 2 is connected by attachment structure 4 with sample 3 to be measured, by operating attachment structure 4, can be incited somebody to action
Sample 3 to be measured stretch or press it is short, when sample 3 to be measured, which is stretched or pressed, is as short as preset length, by location structure 5 can will even
The relative position of binding structure 4 and riser 2 is fixed.
The embodiment of the present invention test silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation device, as shown in Fig. 2 due to
It is spaced on base 1 and fixes two risers 2, sample 3 to be measured is connected with by attachment structure 4 between two risers 2, and pass through behaviour
Make attachment structure 4, sample 3 to be measured can be stretched or pressed and be as short as preset length, now, location structure 5 can be by attachment structure 3
Fixed with the relative position of riser 2, and then sample 3 to be measured is in the state for being stretched or pressing and be as short as preset length.So,
Experiment test can be carried out to sample 3 to be measured, and then water imbibition, hygroscopicity of the mechanical strain to silastic material can be studied
Influence, obtain experimental result, for stablize power network provide superior technique support.
Mechanical strain can be produced it should be noted that under normal circumstances, during silicon rubber stress, i.e., is occurred on Impact direction
The change of size；In general, silicon rubber sample elongated (stretching strain) is set to be easy to make its shorten (compressive strain), therefore experimental study
Influence of the stretching strain to silicon rubber water imbibition is more prone to realize.
As shown in figure 3, attachment structure 4 includes at least two fixtures 41 and two connecting rods 42, two fixtures 41 are used respectively
In the both ends for gripping sample 3 to be measured, two connecting rods 42 are fixedly connected with two fixtures 41 respectively, and can be relative respectively
Moved in two risers 2, location structure 5 is arranged between connecting rod 42 and riser 2, for by connecting rod 42 and the phase of riser 2
Position is fixed.Two fixtures 41 grip the both ends of sample 3 to be measured respectively, two connecting rods 42 respectively with two fixtures
41 are fixedly connected, and so, two connecting rods 42 are connected with riser, and can be moved relative to riser 2.Pass through mobile two connecting rods
42, drive fixture 41 to move, fixture 41 applies stretching to the both ends of sample 3 to be measured or presses short power, and then makes sample to be measured
Product 3 are by mechanical strain, in order to study water imbibition of the mechanical strain on silastic material, hygroscopic influence.
When sample 3 to be measured, which is stretched or pressed, is as short as preset length, it is necessary to which location structure 5 is by attachment structure 3 and riser 2
Relative position is fixed, and then is in sample 3 to be measured and is stretched or presses the state that is as short as preset length, so that facilitate will be to be measured
Sample 3 is put into water environment, to test water imbibition.Location structure 5 can have a variety of implementations, for example, as shown in Figure 3
At left side vertical plate 2, connecting rod 42 is screw rod, and location structure 5 includes the first screwed hole 21 being arranged on riser 2, screw rod and the
One screwed hole 21 coordinates, and connecting rod 42 can be made to be moved relative to riser 2, or fixes connecting rod 42 and the relative position of riser 2.
By the cooperation of screw rod and the first screwed hole 21, movement of the connecting rod 42 relative to riser 2 can be not only realized, and can be
Connecting rod 42 fixes any point during being moved relative to riser 2, and operates very convenient.
Another implementation of location structure 5, at right side riser 2 as shown in Figure 3, connecting rod 42 is screw rod, positioning
Structure 5 includes nut 51 and the (not shown) of first through hole 52, first through hole 52 are arranged on riser 2, and screw rod passes through first
Through hole 52, and can coordinate with nut 51, the external diameter of nut 51 is more than the diameter of first through hole 52；So, connecting rod 42 is through the
It one through hole 52, can move relative to riser 2, be coordinated by nut 51 and screw rod, nut 51 is resisted against in the side wall of riser 2, can
Any point is fixed during to be moved in connecting rod 42 relative to riser 2, and is operated very convenient.Wherein, when sample to be measured
When product 3 are stretched to preset length, nut 51 is arranged on side of the riser 2 away from sample 3 to be measured, and with riser 2 against；When treating
When the measurement pressure of sample 3 is as short as preset length, nut 51 is arranged on riser 2 close to the side of sample 3 to be measured, and supported with riser 2
Lean on.
It should be noted that location structure 5 can also be the change combination of above two implementation.For example, on riser 2
The hole opened up is screwed hole, meanwhile, it is also provided with nut and coordinates with screw rod；In addition, nut 51 can be drawn according to sample 3 to be measured
Stretch or press in short-term, the Impact direction of connecting rod is set or on the right side of Fig. 2 shown in riser 2, and nut 51 is in riser
Both sides are all set.
In order to realize that the end of the sample 3 to be measured of fixture 41 clamps, as shown in figure 3, fixture 41 includes the U-shaped He of body 411
Clamping part 412 positioned at the U-shaped openend of body 411, the second through hole 413 is respectively equipped with two relative side walls of U-shaped body 411
(not shown) and the (not shown) of the second screwed hole 414, are equipped with the second through hole 413 and the second screwed hole 414
Have adjusting screw rod 6, one end of adjusting screw rod 6 coordinates through the second through hole 413 with the second screwed hole 414, the other end be provided with it is U-shaped
Body 411 set the second through hole 413 side against butting section 61.So, by rotating adjusting screw rod 6, adjusting screw rod 6 is made
Coordinate with the second screwed hole 414, meanwhile, butting section 61 is resisted against the side that U-shaped body 411 sets the second through hole 413, make against
The screwed hole 414 of portion 61 and second presses two relative side walls of U-shaped body 411 in opposite directions, and then the openend of U-shaped body 411
Clamping part 412 tends to closure state, and the end of sample 3 to be measured is clamped.
It should be noted that the shapes and sizes of sample 3 to be measured can with it is experimental have require flexibly to set, example
Such as, sample 3 to be measured is strip silicon rubber sample, and its drift, width and thickness are respectively 70 millimeters, 15 millimeters and 2 millis
Rice.In addition, base 1 and riser can be made up of the aluminum alloy materials of aluminum alloy materials or copper coating.
Another reverse side, the embodiment of the present invention also provide a kind of side for testing silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation
Method, comprise the following steps：
S1：Sample 3 to be measured made of silastic material is stretched or pressed and is as short as preset length；
S2：It will stretch or press the sample to be measured 3 for being as short as preset length to be impregnated in default aqueous test fluid；
S3：The quality of sample 3 to be measured is measured, to obtain in the case where sample 3 to be measured is in each preset length, difference leaching
Stain time and the corresponding relation of the mass change characterization value of sample 3 to be measured, and/or, obtain being in same in sample 3 to be measured
Under dip time, different preset lengths and the corresponding relation of the mass change characterization value of sample 3 to be measured.
It should be noted that the mass change characterization value of sample 3 to be measured, can be mass change amount, particularly institute
The quality of the sample to be measured that the mass change of sample to be measured obtains for measurement is stated with the sample to be measured not
The difference of initial mass before dipping.
Mass change w is can also be, specifically the mass change w of the sample to be measured is obtained described for measurement
The quality m of sample to be measured1With initial mass m of the sample to be measured before being not impregnated with0Difference, with the initial mass m0
Ratio.Calculation formula is：
In addition, the initial length of sample to be measured is l0, the length after sample stretching to be measured is lS, preset length change
The calculation formula that rate is ε is：
Preferably, preset length rate of change ε value is preferably 0%, 15%, 35% and 50%.
, can be from different dip times when measuring quality of the sample 3 to be measured after being impregnated in aqueous test fluid
Under sample to be measured 3 quality, and/or, the quality of the sample to be measured 3 under different preset lengths is contrasted, with research
The water imbibition of sample 3 to be measured., can be by the sample to be measured in initial length in order to further improve the accuracy of experiment
3 quality is measured in advance, to be compared with experimental data.Wherein, the quality of the sample to be measured 3 in initial length,
Can be the quality for being not impregnated with the quality of default aqueous test fluid or impregnating default aqueous test fluid, phase
Comparatively, the quality for impregnating the sample to be measured of default aqueous test fluid is more nearly with the environment of experiment, therefore, on
Stating method also includes：
Sample to be measured 3 in initial length is impregnated in default aqueous test fluid；
The quality of sample 3 to be measured is measured, to obtain in the case where sample 3 to be measured is in each preset length, difference dipping
Time and the corresponding relation of the mass change characterization value of sample 3 to be measured, and/or, obtain being in same leaching in sample 3 to be measured
Under the stain time, different preset lengths and the corresponding relation of the mass change characterization value of sample 3 to be measured.
It should be noted that due to sample 3 to be measured stretch or press be as short as preset length when, whole device and sample to be measured
Product 3 are integrated, as such, it is desirable to whole device is impregnated in aqueous test fluid, the quality of follow-up measurement sample 3 to be measured
When, also this device and sample to be measured 3 are measured together it is more convenient, and then, measuring the initial mass of sample 3 to be measured
When, also it is measured together with whole device.Meanwhile base 1 and riser 2 can be the aluminium alloy of aluminum alloy materials or copper coating
Material is made.The aluminum alloy materials of aluminum alloy materials or copper coating disclosure satisfy that stretching or press the intensity of short sample to be measured 3
It is required that and weight easy operation, it is corrosion-resistant and not hygroscopic.
In view of the comprehensive of experimental result, aqueous test fluid includes：Deionized water, sodium chloride solution, sodium hydroxide are molten
At least one of liquid, salpeter solution, glucose solution and calcium sulphate soln.A variety of different aqueous test fluids can be more comprehensively
Reflection sample 3 to be measured water imbibition.Wherein, sodium chloride solution, sodium hydroxide solution, salpeter solution, glucose solution and
The solvent of calcium sulphate soln is deionized water.Preferably：0.1 mole every liter of sodium chloride solution, 0.01 mole every liter of hydrogen
25 degrees Celsius of sodium hydroxide solution, temperature, acid-base value PH are 4 salpeter solution, 0.1 mole every liter of glucose solution and temperature 25
Degree Celsius saturation calcium sulphate soln.
According to different aqueous test fluids, the mass change for measuring the sample to be measured 3 of different dip time points characterizes
Value, and the mass change characterization value of 3 different preset lengths of sample to be measured is measured, delineate chart.Specifically：Such as Fig. 4
It is shown, it is impregnated in the mass change in deionized water and the graph of a relation of time for sample 3 to be measured；As shown in figure 5, it is to be measured
Amount sample 3 is impregnated in the mass change in sodium chloride solution and the graph of a relation of time；As shown in fig. 6, soaked for sample 3 to be measured
The graph of a relation of mass change and time of the stain in sodium hydroxide solution；As shown in fig. 7, it is impregnated in nitre for sample 3 to be measured
The graph of a relation of mass change and time in acid solution；As shown in figure 8, it is impregnated in for sample 3 to be measured in glucose solution
Mass change and the graph of a relation of time；As shown in figure 9, the quality being impregnated in for sample 3 to be measured in calcium sulphate soln becomes
Rate and the graph of a relation of time.As can be seen that certain stretching strain accelerates silastic material to deionized water or different solutions
Absorption, that is, add mass change of the silastic material in identical dip time.It is in addition, as shown in Figure 10 to be to be measured
After amount sample 3 is impregnated in different water cut test fluid, (impregnated in deionized water to saturation state, at other after certain time
After being impregnated 15 days in different solutions) mass change and the graph of a relation of time.As can be seen that certain stretching strain adds silicon
Saturation mass change when elastomeric material impregnates in deionized water, also increase after impregnating same time in different solutions
Mass change.
It follows that certain stretching strain accelerates and adds the water suction of silastic material.Silicon rubber under free state
Siloxane molecule chain high crimp applies certain tension to reduce system capacity and raising self stability, when giving silicon rubber
When, strand can deploy along draw direction or other changes occur, and the free volume hole being now made up of strand can become
Greatly, the fractional free volume of silicon rubber increases therewith.We have learnt that the water that silicon rubber absorbs can be stored in free volume hole
It is interior, therefore fractional free volume increase can accelerate and increase the water suction of silicon rubber caused by stretching strain.
In order to improve the precision of measurement, when measuring the quality of sample 3 to be measured every time, it is necessary to remove sample 3 to be measured
The moisture on surface, therefore, in addition to：Before the quality of sample 3 to be measured is measured every time, the water on the surface of sample 3 to be measured is removed
Point.
Because aqueous test fluid is a variety of, the surface of sample 3 to be measured may be attached to, only wipes and is difficult to remove,
The quality of sample 3 to be measured can totally directly not affected by wiping, and then influence experimental result, therefore, the surface of sample 3 to be measured
The method of moisture includes：Sample 3 to be measured is cleaned with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water successively, then removes sample to be measured with filter paper
The moisture on the surface of product 3.
The embodiment of the present invention is these are only, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, it is any to be familiar with
Those skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can readily occur in should all be covered
Within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the protection domain described in claim.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. device for testing silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation, it is characterised in that including base, the base Upper interval is fixed with two risers, is used to install sample to be measured made of silastic material between two risers, described Riser is connected by attachment structure with the sample to be measured, can be by the sample to be measured by operating the attachment structure Stretch or press short, when the sample to be measured stretching or pressure are as short as preset length, the connection can be tied by location structure The relative position of structure and the riser is fixed.
- 2. the device of test silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute Stating attachment structure includes at least two fixtures and two connecting rods, and two fixtures are respectively used to grip described to be measured The both ends of sample, two connecting rods are fixedly connected with two fixtures respectively, and can be respectively relative to two it is described vertical Plate is moved, and the location structure is arranged between the connecting rod and the riser, for by the connecting rod and the riser Relative position fix.
- 3. the device of test silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that institute It is screw rod to state connecting rod, and the location structure includes the first screwed hole being arranged on the riser, the screw rod and described the One screwed hole coordinates, and the connecting rod can be made to be moved relative to the riser, or make the connecting rod relative with the riser Position is fixed.
- 4. the device of test silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that institute It is screw rod to state connecting rod, and the location structure includes nut and first through hole, and the first through hole is arranged on the riser, institute State screw rod and pass through the first through hole, and can coordinate with the nut, the external diameter of the nut is more than the straight of the first through hole Footpath；When the sample to be measured is stretched to preset length, the nut is arranged on the riser away from the sample to be measured Side, and with the riser against；When the sample pressure to be measured is as short as preset length, the nut is arranged on described vertical Plate close to the side of the sample to be measured, and with the riser against.
- 5. the device of test silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation according to claim 2, it is characterised in that institute Stating fixture includes U-shaped body and the clamping part positioned at U-shaped body open end, distinguishes in two relative side walls of the U-shaped body Provided with the second through hole and the second screwed hole, adjusting screw rod is equipped with second through hole and second screwed hole, institute The one end for stating adjusting screw rod coordinates through second through hole and second screwed hole, and the other end is provided with and the U-shaped body Set the side of the second through hole against butting section.
- A kind of 6. method for testing silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：Sample stretching to be measured or pressure made of silastic material are as short as preset length；It will stretch or press the sample to be measured for being as short as preset length to be impregnated in default aqueous test fluid；The quality of the sample to be measured is measured, to obtain in the case where the sample to be measured is in each preset length, difference leaching Stain time and the corresponding relation of the mass change characterization value of the sample to be measured, and/or, obtain at the sample to be measured Under same dip time, the different preset lengths and the corresponding relation of the mass change characterization value of the sample to be measured.
- 7. the method for test silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation according to claim 6, it is characterised in that also Including：The sample to be measured in initial length is impregnated in default aqueous test fluid；The quality of the sample to be measured is measured, to obtain in the case where the sample to be measured is in each preset length, difference leaching Stain time and the corresponding relation of the mass change characterization value of the sample to be measured, and/or, obtain at the sample to be measured Under same dip time, the different preset lengths and the corresponding relation of the mass change characterization value of the sample to be measured.
- 8. the method for test silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation according to claim 6 or 7, its feature exist In the aqueous test fluid includes：Deionized water, sodium chloride solution, sodium hydroxide solution, salpeter solution, glucose solution and At least one of calcium sulphate soln.
- 9. the method for test silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation according to any one of claim 6 or 7, its It is characterised by, in addition to：Before the quality of the sample to be measured is measured every time, the water of the sample surfaces to be measured is removed Point.
- 10. the method for test silastic material water imbibition under force-bearing situation according to claim 9, it is characterised in that The moisture for removing the sample surfaces to be measured includes：Successively the sample to be measured is cleaned with absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water Product, the moisture of the sample surfaces to be measured is then removed with filter paper.
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| CN115389373A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-11-25 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | Silicon rubber material water absorption performance testing device |
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