CN107447262A

CN107447262A - One kind prevents adhesion screw extruder

Info

Publication number: CN107447262A
Application number: CN201710796918.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈慧忠
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-09-06
Filing date: 2017-09-06
Publication date: 2017-12-08

Abstract

One kind of the present invention prevents adhesion screw extruder, including extruded tube, extruding screw is provided with the extruded tube, spiral shell axle is set in the extruding screw, concavo-convex anti-adhesion structure is both provided with the surface of the part being in contact with molten polymer of filament spinning component, it is possible to achieve anti-adhesive attraction of the polymer melt in filament spinning component；The prevent adhesion mechanism of action of mechanism of the bumps is：Concavo-convex anti-adhesion structure includes sunk part and bossing, bossing is higher by the setting of parts surface surface, directly contacting between highly viscous polymer melt and parts surface is reduced using supporting role between points, and gas suspension effect is formed in the presence of HTHP melt, plays and is prevented adhesion from separate type.

Description

One kind prevents adhesion screw extruder

Technical field

The present invention relates to textile technology field, and in particular to one kind prevents adhesion screw extruder.

Background technology

The BP of 1845 is come from the earliest record of melt spinning process.Nineteen thirty-nine melt spinning is as manufacture nylon The production technology of 66 fibers obtains industrial applications.Melt spinning basic process include material melts, from spinneret micropore extrusion, Melt stream cooling and solidifying shaping.Manufactured long filament can be used bobbin coiling and molding or carry out other processing.In melt spinning During, polymer feeding extruder, it is tired to be sent to metering further along after screw rod transmission, plasticizing, melting:Metering is poly- to pass through essence Really metering ensures that the melt of polymer can be flowed into stable and uniform in critical component filament spinning component, the melt in filament spinning component By the filtering of filter medium, eliminating to be provided with porous spinneret by high pressure press-in after impurity and bubble turns into thread；Carefully Stream is while cooling (quenching) quick by horizontal blowing, because the effect of following wireline reel also produces super drawing so that diameter Attenuate；As-spun fibre is wound into certain package.

Under normal circumstances filament spinning component be mainly be made up of upper strata excessively stream lid, wire netting and filter sand filter layer, distribution plate and Porous spinneret is formed.Spinning melt is after top-level entries flow into filament spinning component, the mistake for type of being lain prone via the back taper minister in ancient times in sand chamber Stream lid diffusely enters in the inner chamber of component, and filtration combination layer is ingeniously entered in the presence of upper stressor layer.Filter layer generally has multilayer Screen pack and METALLIC FILTRATION SAND composition.The a piece of coarse net for not luring steel wire to weave into often is laid in the superiors of filter layer, turns into cover net Or cover net, it is therefore an objective to which the debris for stopping bulk and the layer of sand for preventing bottom move.When being filtered using filter sand, in principle by sand grains Granularity is carefully sequentially arranged by thick.When placing multistorey strainer mesh, and by the descending principle of mesh size.In filtration combination layer The bottom laid one layer of supporting network, it be typically be made up of a piece of or two panels coarse net, it is therefore an objective to support upper level filter layer, Increase longitudinal rigidity, have the function that not to be depressed, it can also prevent from draining to the effect of spinneret orifice under broken filter sand sometimes.By Melt after fine filtering is flowed into the hole of distribution plate.On the one hand the effect of distribution plate is to play support upper level filter layer, another Aspect is before polymer melt is assigned into spinneret plate as homogeneously as possible so that the uniform flow per hole, also tubing flow displacement filament plate The melt pressure of part is shared so that spinning plate surface is unlikely to superpressure and deformed.Polymer melt is squeezed into spinneret Guide hole after, micropore gives the certain shape of melt and is extruded as strand, finishes melt like this inside filament spinning component The design of the filament spinning component of flowing need to mainly determine its structure snd size.Wherein component external structure snd size mainly need to examine The problems such as considering the intensity and corrosion resistance of itself, the problem of also relating to installing/dismounting and sealing.The inside member of filament spinning component Part just really carries main spinning function, it should how to select filtration combination element, hybrid element, distribution member and spinneret Panel element etc., it is necessary to comprehensive to go fully to be calculated and considered from multi-angles such as hydrodynamics, melt rheology and heat conductions. Certainly the problem of inner sealing of each element and strong rigidity can not be ignored while design.Melt spinning is to carry out at high temperature , if polymer melt is chronically at high humidity state, it may occur that degraded influences the quality of precursor, so inside design component During passage, melt should be made to be uniformly distributed in each micropore of spinneret as far as possible, channel resistance should be equal, can not exist in component Dead angle, in case melt residence time is long and decomposes.It should process smooth with king's part surface of melt contacts, it is impossible to make thing Material is detained due to wall surface resistance.When fluid motion uniformity mainly includes fluid motion speed, pressure, stopped in filament spinning component Between, discharging distribution etc. content.Preferable filament spinning component should be able to ensure that above-mentioned parameter is all identical simultaneously, and sample presentation just can ensure that poly- Polymer melt is evenly distributed in each spinneret orifice of spinneret with identical matter, finally spins out the uniform high quality of structural behaviour Fiber.However, the factor for influenceing flow field uniformity in filament spinning component is numerous, wherein mainly having material properties, process conditions, equipment Structural parameters etc..When the above two control identical, device structure is its most important influence factor again.

The flow behavior of polymer melt is more complex compared with for small molecule solution.Under external force, melt not only table Reveal irreversible viscous yielding, but also show reversible elastic deformation.Because the flowing of polymer is not height Simple Relative sliding between strand, but the overall result of moving cell transition successively.Under external force, macromolecular chain is not To be stretched along external force direction with can avoiding, remove external force, macromolecular chain will be spontaneously rolled up again.This conformation change institute The elastically-deformable development and Recovery Process caused is relaxation, when the process depends on polymer molecular weight, external force effect Between, temperature etc..In molding process, the outward appearance of elastic deformation and its subsequent lax pair fiber, dimensional stability, planted agent Power etc. has substantial connection.

High polymer molten viscosity is cut flowing and is mainly characterized in that:It is very high to cut viscosity；Viscosity strong depend-ence trimming speed is cut, absolutely Most of high polymer moltens belong to pseudoplastic fluid；Velocity flow profile of the pseudoplastic behavior high polymer molten in pipe is not parabolically It is linear, and plunger flow is close to, velocity gradient concentrates on near-wall, is moved that may have tube wall to slide in some cases, Molecular-weight gradation effect is there may also be in flowing, low molecular weight fraction is more than pipe axle in near-wall.

It is not constant temperature process in actual production process, and is unstable state, but above-mentioned spinnability is theoretical, to changing Learning the forming process of fiber still has preferably reference and directive significance, and the principal element drawn from spinnability theory is all control The factor that spinning processed is smoothed out.Such as be viscosity and surface tension to capillary mechanism major influence factors, cohesive energy is ruptured The principal element that mechanism influences is deformation speed and viscoplasticity size etc..Understanding the spinnability principle of melt contributes to us adjusting When saving spinning technique, optimal conditions are targetedly selected, so as to avoid occurring wild effect in spinning.Change spinning king The variable element scope that the rheological property of skill parameter and raw material may to stablize spinning fully increases, the convenient tune with technique It is whole.  need to shift and flow, therefore, high-temperature fusant and spinning group in filament spinning component due to the high temperature polymer melt of melting Part quality inspection inevitably there are contact, adhesion on the inwall of filament spinning component also just inevitably be present, although At present when preparing filament spinning component can by the smooth enough of its inwall processing, largely reduced due to Inner wall surface problem and caused by attachment of polymers, still, due to the limitation of machining accuracy and process technology, it is difficult to accomplish inwall It is completely smooth, still can so produces the adhesion of polymer；Also have in the prior art in spinning process in polymer and spinning The scheme of lubricant is added between the inwall of component, can so play certain anti-adhesiving effect, but what these were added Lubricant will certainly be entered in polymer, and then the property of polymer and the property of follow-up spinning produce unpredictable shadow Ring, and it is worthless.Due to the adhesion of the polymer in spinning process, all needed after the production schedule of a batch is not completed Filament spinning component thoroughly to be cleaned, the cleaning to filament spinning component can cause time and cost greatly to consume, but also It is difficult to be cleaned that some dead angles, which can be there are, and follow-up production can be adversely affected again.Therefore, exploitation one is needed badly Kind new anti-adhesion of filament spinning component or anti-blocking techniques, the shortcomings that to overcome in the prior art.

The content of the invention

Above-mentioned technical problem be present for prior art, the present invention, which provides one kind, can effectively reduce polymer melt in spinning The new screw extruder that prevents adhesion of component inwall adhesion.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：

One kind prevents adhesion screw extruder, including extruded tube, is provided with extruding screw in the extruded tube, in the extruding screw Spiral shell axle is set, is additionally provided with drive device, the output end of the drive device is connected by the input of drive shaft and the spiral shell axle Connect；The extruded tube outer exterior wall is sequentially provided with melt thermostat, and heater strip is set in the melt thermostat；It is described to squeeze Pressure pipe includes feed zone, fusion zone and homogenization zone, steam vent, the charging being set on the top outer wall of the fusion zone extruded tube The extruded tube in area is provided with feed arrangement, and the feeding device includes loading hopper, the bottom of the loading hopper set into Expect slideway, the charging slideway is connected with the loading hopper, and the charging slideway is connected with feed zone extruded tube；It is described Feed the connectivity part setting filter positioned at itself and the loading hopper in slideway；Also include extrusion die, itself and extruder Connection, high molecular polymer melt is flowed into from extruder, passage is extruded to extrusion die via what is be internally formed through Spray nozzle part is discharged；It is characterized in that：Connect in extruding inside pipe wall, extruding screw, extrusion die, spray nozzle part with polymer melt Bumps are provided with tactile surface to prevent adhesion mechanism；The concavo-convex anti-adhesion structure is equally distributed depression and projection.

Preferably, the depression in the concavo-convex anti-adhesion structure and raised spaced it is uniformly distributed；Raised surface area For 0.5-2 square millimeters, the surface area of depression is 1-3 square millimeters.

Preferably, the depression in the concavo-convex anti-adhesion structure and raised spaced it is uniformly distributed；Raised surface area For 1 square millimeter, the surface area of depression is 2 square millimeters.

Preferably, the drive device is direct current generator.

Beneficial effects of the present invention：

One kind of the present invention is prevented adhesion screw extruder, including extruded tube, and extruding screw is provided with the extruded tube, described to squeeze Press and spiral shell axle is set in screw rod.Compared with traditional fused spinning assembling parts, there is advantages below：Due in filament spinning component and melting Concavo-convex anti-adhesion structure is both provided with the surface of the part of polymer phase contact, it is possible to achieve polymer melt is in filament spinning component In anti-adhesive attraction；The prevent adhesion mechanism of action of mechanism of the bumps is：Concavo-convex anti-adhesion structure includes sunk part and convex Part is played, bossing is higher by the setting of parts surface surface, and highly viscous polymerization is reduced using supporting role between points Directly contacting between thing melt and parts surface, and gas suspension effect is formed in the presence of HTHP melt, rise Prevented adhesion to from separate type；Sunk structure plays a part of accommodating levitation gas, is cooperated with bossing；Raised surface Product is 0.5-2 square millimeters, and the surface area of depression is 1-3 square millimeters, it is preferable that raised surface area is 1 square millimeter, recessed Sunken surface area is 2 square millimeters, and sunk part and lug boss branch point are connected to form the cellular protection grid of precision, by portion Part surface separates with polymer melt, increases the effect to prevent adhesion.The area of bossing and sunk part is unsuitable excessive, such as Fruit area is excessive, then can not play good preventing adhesiving effect, what itself and polymer melt were directly in contact with parts surface Situation is without two；Area both it is also unsuitable too small, if area is too small, it can not play estimated preventing adhesiving effect, and And difficulty of processing also can be very big.Concavo-convex anti-adhesion structure can be when preparing the various pieces of filament spinning component respectively in these parts Upper application, can using by with bumps prevent adhesion mechanism sark directly it is docile and obedient in the form of the surface of part carry out, It can be carried out in the form of precision lathe processing, its specific processing method is conventional parts machining of the prior art Means, no longer describe herein.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.

Reference：

1 --- extruded tube；

2 --- extruding screw；

3 --- spiral shell axle；

4 --- drive device；

5 --- melt thermostat；

6 --- feed arrangement；

7 --- funnel；

8 --- charging slideway；

9 --- extrusion die；

10 --- spray nozzle part.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.

One kind is prevented adhesion screw extruder, including extruded tube 1, and extruding screw 2 is provided with the extruded tube 1, described to squeeze Press and spiral shell axle 3 is set in screw rod 2, be additionally provided with drive device 4, the output end of the drive device 4 passes through drive shaft and the spiral shell The input connection of axle 3；The outer exterior wall of extruded tube 1 is sequentially provided with melt thermostat 5, in the melt thermostat 5 Heater strip is set；The extruded tube includes feed zone, fusion zone and homogenization zone, setting on the top outer wall of the fusion zone extruded tube Put steam vent, the extruded tube of the feed zone is provided with feed arrangement 6, and the feeding device includes loading hopper 7, it is described enter The bottom of funnel sets charging slideway 8, and the charging slideway 8 is connected with the loading hopper 7, the charging slideway 8 and Feed zone extruded tube is connected；It is located at it in the charging slideway 8 and the connectivity part of the loading hopper sets filter；Also Including extrusion die 9, it is connected with extruder, high molecular polymer melt is flowed into from extruder, via breakthrough form internally Into extrusion passage discharged to the spray nozzle part 10 of extrusion die；It is characterized in that：In the inwall of extruded tube 1, extruding screw 2, extrusion Die head 9, spray nozzle part 10 the surface being in contact with polymer melt on be provided with bumps and prevent adhesion mechanism；The bumps prevent adhesion Structure is equally distributed depression and projection.

Due to being both provided with concavo-convex anti-sticking link on the surface of the part being in contact with molten polymer of filament spinning component Structure, it is possible to achieve anti-adhesive attraction of the polymer melt in filament spinning component；The prevent adhesion mechanism of action of mechanism of the bumps is：It is recessed Convex anti-adhesion structure includes sunk part and bossing, and bossing is higher by the setting of parts surface surface, utilizes point and point Between supporting role reduce directly contacting between highly viscous polymer melt and parts surface, and melted in HTHP Gas suspension effect is formed in the presence of body, plays and is prevented adhesion from separate type；Sunk structure plays a part of accommodating levitation gas, Cooperated with bossing；Raised surface area is 0.5-2 square millimeters, and the surface area of depression is 1-3 square millimeters, preferably Ground, raised surface area are 1 square millimeter, and the surface area of depression is 2 square millimeters, and sunk part is connected with lug boss branch point Accurate cellular protection grid is formed, parts surface and polymer melt are separated, increase the effect to prevent adhesion.Lug boss Point and sunk part area it is unsuitable excessive, if area is excessive, good preventing adhesiving effect can not be played, itself and polymerization The situation that thing melt is directly in contact with parts surface is without two；Area both it is also unsuitable too small, if area is too small, its Estimated preventing adhesiving effect can not be played, and difficulty of processing also can be very big.Concavo-convex anti-adhesion structure can prepare spinning group Apply on these parts respectively during the various pieces of part, can use the direct note of sark for the mechanism that prevented adhesion with bumps Take the form on the surface of part to carry out, can also be carried out in the form of precision lathe processing, its specific processing method is Conventional parts machining means of the prior art.

Wherein, the depression in the concavo-convex anti-adhesion structure and raised spaced it is uniformly distributed；Raised surface area is 0.5-2 square millimeters, the surface area of depression is 1-3 square millimeters；Further, raised surface area is 1 square millimeter, depression Surface area be 2 square millimeters；Drive device is direct current generator.

Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than the present invention is protected The limitation of scope is protected, although being explained with reference to preferred embodiment to the present invention, one of ordinary skill in the art should Work as understanding, technical scheme can be modified or equivalent substitution, without departing from the reality of technical solution of the present invention Matter and scope.

Claims

The screw extruder 1. one kind prevents adhesion, including extruded tube, extruding screw, the extruding screw are provided with the extruded tube Interior setting spiral shell axle, is additionally provided with drive device, and the output end of the drive device passes through drive shaft and the input of the spiral shell axle Connection；The extruded tube outer exterior wall is sequentially provided with melt thermostat, and heater strip is set in the melt thermostat；It is described Extruded tube includes feed zone, fusion zone and homogenization zone, sets steam vent on the top outer wall of the fusion zone extruded tube, it is described enter The extruded tube in material area is provided with feed arrangement, and the feeding device includes loading hopper, and the bottom of the loading hopper is set Slideway is fed, the charging slideway is connected with the loading hopper, and the charging slideway is connected with feed zone extruded tube；Institute State the connectivity part setting filter positioned at itself and the loading hopper in charging slideway；Also include extrusion die, itself and extrusion Machine connects, and high molecular polymer melt is flowed into from extruder, via the extrusion passage being internally formed through to extrusion die Spray nozzle part discharge；It is characterized in that：Extruding inside pipe wall, extruding screw, extrusion die, spray nozzle part with polymer melt phase Bumps are provided with the surface of contact to prevent adhesion mechanism；The concavo-convex anti-adhesion structure is equally distributed depression and projection.
2. the screw extruder as claimed in claim 1 that prevents adhesion, it is characterised in that：Depression in the concavo-convex anti-adhesion structure Spaced it is uniformly distributed with raised；Raised surface area is 0.5-2 square millimeters, and the surface area of depression is 1-3 square millimeters.
3. the screw extruder as claimed in claim 2 that prevents adhesion, it is characterised in that：Depression in the concavo-convex anti-adhesion structure Spaced it is uniformly distributed with raised；Raised surface area is 1 square millimeter, and the surface area of depression is 2 square millimeters.
4. the screw extruder as claimed in claim 3 that prevents adhesion, it is characterised in that：The drive device is direct current generator.