CN107446830A - The large-scale preparation method of ganoderma lucidum mycelium, ganoderma tea and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
The large-scale preparation method of ganoderma lucidum mycelium, ganoderma tea and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of large-scale preparation method of ganoderma lucidum mycelium, ganoderma tea and preparation method thereof; by lucidum strain be seeded in the shaking flask containing Shake flask medium carry out Shaking culture; the switching of cultured shaking flask strain is entered to carry out fermented and cultured in first class seed pot; fermented and cultured is transferred fermented and cultured in secondary seed tank again after terminating; fermented and cultured is transferred again after terminating is fermented in fermentation tank; then tank is put, zymotic fluid is subjected to press filtration, obtains wet ganoderma lucidum mycelium.The raw material of ganoderma tea is:Ganoderma lucidum mycelium 60%~90%, ampelopsis grossdentata leaf 10%~40%.Preparation method:Tentatively dried after ganoderma lucidum mycelium is well mixed with ampelopsis grossdentata leaf according to appropriate proportioning, be then charged into brick tea compacting tool set and suppressed to obtain brick tea, then carry out drying until the water content of brick tea is less than 5wt%, you can.The ganoderma tea that this method obtains can be applied to large-scale industrial production, and each active ingredient is above traditional ganoderma tea.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of microbial fermentation, and in particular to a kind of large-scale preparation method of ganoderma lucidum mycelium,
Ganoderma tea and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Ganoderma lucidum is a kind of rare traditional Chinese medicine, and a kind of medicinal fungi, and Aphyllophorales ganoderma lucidum Cordycepps is belonged on taxology
Ganoderma.Ganoderma lucidum be exactly since ancient times nourish, salubrity, diseases prevention, the treasure cured the disease.The principle active component of ganoderma lucidum has ganoderma lucidum more
Sugar, triterpene compound, nucleotides, alkaloid, amino acid and trace element etc..Modern medicine study result shows, ganoderma lucidum pair
A variety of diseases have the effect of notable, particularly have the effect of unique to diseases such as angiocardiopathy, hepatitis, tumours.Therefore,
People increasingly pay attention to the application and developmental research to ganoderma lucidum.In recent years, the application to ganoderma lucidum has been not limited to medicinal, is additionally operable to make
Make various functions sexual health food.
Ampelopsis grossdentata (Ampelopsis grossedentata) is the plant of Vitaceae Ampelopsis, is Chinese a kind of
Endemic plant.Tea made of ampelopsis grossdentata leaf is referred to as vine tea, is " lengthen one's life refreshing tea " that Tujia passes on from generation to generation, existing so far
More than 600 year drink history.Vine tea contains abundant Flavonoid substances, dihydromyricetin especially therein, has significant
Anti-oxidation efficacy.Confirmed according to long-term drink practice and modern scientific research among the people, vine tea have promote the production of body fluid to quench thirst, Gan Hourun
Lung, protect liver benefit blood, the drop fire of deficiency type, aid digestion, eliminating inflammation and expelling toxin, decompression fat-reducing, moistening skin beautifying and other effects, are especially suitable for fat and smoking
Personage and drink after drinking.
Tealeaves is contribution of the Chinese people to world's cooking culture as a kind of famous health beverages.Tea and cocoa, coffee
Coffee and the three big non-alcoholic drinks for claiming the world today, it is first of three big beverage of the world, is liked deeply by the people of the world.In the market
Existing a variety of ganoderma lucidum tea products and Patents, but the overwhelming majority in these products is simply ganoderma lucidum of cultivation
Entity mixes gained according to a certain percentage with several Chinese medicines.Because ganoderma lucidum fruitbody is obtained by artificial cultivation, have and account for
Ground area is big, the production cycle is long, active constituent content is low, and bitter taste is overweight, quality is difficult to control, is difficult to avoid that heavy metal, agricultural chemicals
The number of disadvantages such as pollution, therefore in general, the scientific and technological content of this ganoderma tea is low, and product quality is low, sales situation and city
Field prospect is not ideal enough.
In addition, which also there is a few ganoderma tea patent the country, at present is made of ganoderma lucidum mycelium.A kind of such as " sweet tea spirit
The preparation method and sweet tea fermented glossy ganoderma tea of sesame fermented tea " (application number CN201210123386.6), but its fermentation-scale very little, only
It is limited to 250mL vial, does not possess industrialization prospect still.Such as " ganoderma lucidum mycelium or ganoderma tea and its double fermentation work again
Skill " (CN200610035009.1), due to technique itself, fermentation period is up to 20~40 days, and production efficiency is low, pushes away
It is wide more difficult.
Have that capital fund is more, with high content of technology, personnel qualifications due to carrying out ganoderma lucidum large-scale deep liquid fermentation
High threshold, the research to the fermentation of ganoderma lucidum heavy industrialization is also few so far, especially in the production of ganoderma tea, only
The solid of some very little scales (several to be raised to several decaliters), liquid fermentation research, and lack the research to large scale fermentation technology.And
When fermentation increases to industrially scalable, the control of culture medium prescription and various parameters plays to the quality entirely fermented quite to be weighed
The effect wanted;The fermentation of different scales, because oxygen transmits the difference of benefit, required culture medium prescription and Comprehensive Control parameter are all
It is different.If small-scale zymotechnique is directly covered for large scale fermentation, often occur that culture medium prescription and fermentation are joined
Numerical control system is lacked of proper care, and is caused a large amount of mycelia agings or self-dissolving, is made mycelium production very low, and of poor quality, does not reach industrial metaplasia
The requirement of production.It is further preferred that above-mentioned various ganoderma lucidum tea products and Patents, the ganoderma tea that final production goes out all are
Powdered, not only the shape of tea unsightly, and is only suitable for making the tea bag product of low side.Just because of above-mentioned reason, make
Yielded poorly into existing ganoderma tea production technology, be of poor quality, it is difficult to meeting the needs of in the market is growing to ganoderma lucidum difference.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of large-scale preparation method of ganoderma lucidum mycelium, the Ganoderma lucidum mycelium constitution that the preparation method obtains
Measure, be easy to that brick tea is made.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way:
A kind of large-scale preparation method of ganoderma lucidum mycelium, comprises the following steps:
Lucidum strain is seeded in the shaking flask containing Shake flask medium and carries out Shaking culture, by cultured shaking flask strain
The first class seed pot containing fermentation medium of transferring in carry out fermented and cultured, fermented and cultured is transferred into two level kind again after terminating
Fermented and cultured in sub- tank, secondary seed tank fermented and cultured is transferred again after terminating is fermented in fermentation tank, is then put tank, will be sent out
Zymotic fluid carries out press filtration, obtains wet ganoderma lucidum mycelium;
Wherein, the condition of the fermented and cultured of first class seed pot is:The pH of fermentation medium is adjusted to 6.0~6.5, keeps tank
25~28 DEG C of temperature, tank press 40~80kPa, 100~150r/min of stir speed (S.S.), throughput 1: 0.2~0.4, and fermentation is 36~60 small
When;The condition of the fermented and cultured of secondary seed tank is:The pH of fermentation medium is adjusted to 6.0~6.5, keeps tank temperature 25~28
DEG C, tank presses 40~60kPa, 120~180r/min of stir speed (S.S.), throughput 1: 0.4~0.6, ferments 36~48 hours;Fermentation tank
Fermentation culture conditions be:The pH of fermentation medium is adjusted to 6.0~6.5, keeps 25~28 DEG C of tank temperature, tank presses 20~40kPa,
120~200r/min of stir speed (S.S.), the volume ratio of throughput is 1: 0.5~0.8, is fermented 96~120 hours.
Preferably, Shake flask medium is identical with the formula of fermentation medium, and the formula is:1~5wt% of corn flour, beans
1~5wt% of cake powder, 1~5wt% of glucose, 0.02~0.04wt% of magnesium sulfate, 0.1~0.3wt% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dimension life
Plain 0.001~0.005wt% of B1, remaining is water.
Preferably, the volume of the first class seed pot is 100L, and the volume of the secondary seed tank is 1 ton, the fermentation
The volume of tank is 10 tons.
Preferably, Shaking culture is specially:Lucidum strain is seeded in one-level shaking flask, 25~28 DEG C of cultures 72~108
Hour, then turn again in the strain access second-level shake flask in one-level shaking flask, 25~28 DEG C are cultivated 36~60 hours.
Preferably, the volume of the one-level shaking flask is 500ml, and the volume of second-level shake flask is 5000ml.
It is a further object to provide a kind of ganoderma tea, calculated according to percetage by weight, including following raw material:
The ganoderma lucidum mycelium 60%~90% obtained by above-mentioned large-scale preparation method, ampelopsis grossdentata leaf 10%~
40%.
Preferably, the ganoderma tea contains following active ingredient:Polysaccharide 6wt%~8wt%, 2~4wt% of triterpene, polypeptide
15wt%~20wt%.Dihydromyricetin 1wt%~3wt%, the μ g/100g of Organic Selenium 1~8.
It is also another object of the present invention to provide a kind of preparation method of ganoderma tea, comprise the following steps:
1) preparation of ganoderma lucidum mycelium:Using the large-scale preparation method of above-mentioned ganoderma lucidum mycelium be prepared wet
Ganoderma lucidum mycelium;
2) tentatively dried after ganoderma lucidum mycelium is well mixed with ampelopsis grossdentata leaf according to proportioning, contain it
Water is down to 5~20wt%, is then charged into brick tea compacting tool set and is suppressed to obtain brick tea, then carries out drying until brick tea contains
Water is less than 5wt%, you can.
Preferably, in addition to by the brick tea after drying irradiation sterilization is carried out, then carries out vacuumizing sealing.
Preferably, the temperature of the drying of the step 2) is 50~80 DEG C.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1st, ganoderma tea production technology is ten ton tank liquid deep layer fermenting technologies of industrially scalable.The technology, which has, takes up an area
Less, many advantages, such as cycle is short, yield is high, product active constituent content is high, automaticity is high, suitable for industrialized production.
2nd, the ganoderma tea active constituent content that the present invention is produced is respectively:Polysaccharide 6wt%~8wt%, triterpene 2~
4wt%, polypeptide 15wt%~20wt%.Dihydromyricetin 1wt%~3wt%, the μ g/100g of Organic Selenium 1~8.Than conventional spirit
Sesame tea quality increases significantly.The routine that the detection of ganoderma tea active ingredient is approved using the method or industry of national regulations
Detection method.Polyoses content detection method uses sulfuric acid-phynol method wherein in ganoderma tea, and triterpene detection method of content uses vanilla
Aldehyde-glacial acetic acid development process, the detection method of polypeptide use Folin- phenol reagent process, and the detection method of dihydromyricetin is using efficient
Liquid chromatography, chromatographic column specification are 25cm × 4.6mm, 5 μm.Mobile phase is the phosphoric acid solution of methanol -0.03%, using gradient
Elution, flow velocity 0.8mLmin-1, Detection wavelength 290nm.The detection method of Organic Selenium is glimmering using hydride generation-atomic
Light spectrographic determination, specific determination step refer to " Organic Selenium and nothing in Hg-afs Determination aquatic products
Machine selenium " [Chinese aquatic science, 2012,19 (5):900-905].
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Shaking flask used and the composition of fermentation medium and its proportioning (percentage by weight) are:Corn flour 3, beancake powder 2, Portugal
Grape sugar 2, magnesium sulfate 0.02, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2, vitaminB10 .005, remaining is water.
Fresh ganoderma lucidum slant strains are accessed in 5 500mL (filling Shake flask medium 100mL) triangular flasks, at 27 DEG C
Cultivated 96 hours on shaking table.Then 5 bottles of 500mL shaking flasks strains 5 corresponding 5000mL are poured into respectively (to fill 1000mL to shake
Bottle culture medium) triangular flask in, 5 bottles of 5000mL shaking flask kinds are obtained, by 5 bottles of shaking flask kinds at 25 DEG C on shaking table culture is 48 small
When.Then 5 bottles of shaking flask kinds are transferred in the seeding tank of a 100L (filling 60L fermentation mediums), adjusts pH to 6.0, kept
For tank temperature at 26 DEG C, tank pressure is 60kPa, stir speed (S.S.) 130r/min, throughput 1: 0.4, after fermenting 48 hours, is transferred to one
In individual 1 ton of fermentation tank (filling 600L fermentation mediums), pH to 6.2 is adjusted, it is 28 DEG C to keep tank temperature, and tank pressure is 40kPa, stirring speed
Rate is 140r/min, throughput 1: 0.4, after fermenting 48 hours, is transferred to 10 ton tanks (filling 6 tons of fermentation mediums)
In, pH to 6.5 is adjusted, it is 27 DEG C to keep tank temperature, and tank pressure is 30kPa, stir speed (S.S.) 150r/min, throughput 1: 0.55, is sent out
After ferment 100 hours, tank is put immediately, plate compression, obtains wet mycelium.
The water content of wet mycelium is calculated, according to dry product mass percent 9:1 ratio, by wet mycelium and proper proportion
Dry ampelopsis grossdentata leaf mixing, stir.Wet mycelium carries out the preliminary drying of 38 hours, detection at 50 DEG C first
Its water content about 15%.Then the cuboid brick tea that 10cm (length) × 5cm (width) × 2cm (height) is pressed into mould is loaded into,
Carry out the drying of 10 hours again at 70 DEG C, it is about 3% to detect its water content.Brick tea is taken out, irradiation sterilization is carried out, then vacuumizes
Sealing, that is, obtain finished product.
The detection method approved using detection method as defined in NF or industry is measured ganoderma tea active ingredient and contained
Amount is respectively:Polysaccharide 6.5%, triterpene 2.8%, polypeptide 17%.Dihydromyricetin 2.5%, the μ g/100g of Organic Selenium 4.
Embodiment 2
The composition and its proportioning (percentage by weight) of shaking flask and fermentation medium be:Corn flour 2, beancake powder 3, glucose
2.5, magnesium sulfate 0.02, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1, vitaminB10 .003, remaining is water.
Fresh ganoderma lucidum slant strains are accessed in 5 500mL (filling Shake flask medium 100mL) triangular flasks, at 26 DEG C
Cultivated 105 hours on shaking table.Then 5 bottles of 500mL shaking flasks strains are poured into 5 corresponding 5000mL respectively and (fills 1000mL
Shake flask medium) triangular flask in, 5 bottles of 5000mL shaking flask kinds are obtained, 5 bottles of shaking flask kinds are cultivated 40 at 28 DEG C on shaking table
Hour.Then 5 bottles of shaking flask kinds are transferred in the seeding tank of a 100L (filling 60L fermentation mediums), adjusts pH to 6.5, protected
Tank temperature is held at 27 DEG C, tank pressure is 45kPa, stir speed (S.S.) 110r/min, throughput 1: 0.2, after fermenting 40 hours, is transferred to
In one 1 ton of fermentation tank (filling 600L fermentation mediums), pH to 6.5 is adjusted, it is 26 DEG C to keep tank temperature, and tank pressure is 45kPa, stirring
Speed is 160r/min, throughput 1: 0.5, after fermenting 42 hours, is transferred to 10 ton tanks (filling 6 tons of fermentation mediums)
In, pH to 6.2 is adjusted, it is 28 DEG C to keep tank temperature, and tank pressure is 36kPa, stir speed (S.S.) 180r/min, throughput 1: 0.75, is sent out
After ferment 112 hours, tank is put immediately, plate compression, obtains wet mycelium.
The water content of wet mycelium is calculated, according to dry product mass percent 6:4 ratio, by wet mycelium and proper proportion
Dry ampelopsis grossdentata leaf mixing, stir.Wet mycelium carries out the preliminary drying of 32 hours, detection at 60 DEG C first
Its water content about 18%.Then the cuboid brick tea that 10cm (length) × 5cm (width) × 2cm (height) is pressed into mould is loaded into,
Carry out the drying of 8 hours again at 80 DEG C, it is about 2.8% to detect its water content.Brick tea is taken out, carries out irradiation sterilization, is then taken out true
Sky sealing, that is, obtain finished product.
The detection method approved using detection method as defined in NF or industry is measured ganoderma tea active ingredient and contained
Amount is respectively:Polysaccharide 7.2%, triterpene 2.5%, polypeptide 19%.Dihydromyricetin 3%, the μ g/100g of Organic Selenium 7.
Embodiment 3
The composition and its proportioning (percentage by weight) of shaking flask and fermentation medium be:Corn flour 2.5, beancake powder 1.5, grape
Sugar 1.5, magnesium sulfate 0.03, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3, vitaminB10 .002, remaining is water.
Fresh ganoderma lucidum slant strains are accessed in 5 500mL (filling Shake flask medium 100mL) triangular flasks, at 28 DEG C
Cultivated 84 hours on shaking table.Then 5 bottles of 500mL shaking flasks strains 5 corresponding 5000mL are poured into respectively (to fill 1000mL to shake
Bottle culture medium) triangular flask in, 5 bottles of 5000mL shaking flask kinds are obtained, by 5 bottles of shaking flask kinds at 27 DEG C on shaking table culture is 54 small
When.Then 5 bottles of shaking flask kinds are transferred in the seeding tank of a 100L (filling 60L fermentation mediums), adjusts pH to 6.2, kept
For tank temperature at 28 DEG C, tank pressure is 70kPa, stir speed (S.S.) 120r/min, throughput 1: 0.3, after fermenting 52 hours, is transferred to one
In individual 1 ton of fermentation tank (filling 600L fermentation mediums), pH to 6.0 is adjusted, it is 27 DEG C to keep tank temperature, and tank pressure is 60kPa, stirring speed
Rate is 170r/min, throughput 1: 0.6, after fermenting 40 hours, is transferred to 10 ton tanks (filling 6 tons of fermentation mediums)
In, pH to 6.4 is adjusted, it is 26 DEG C to keep tank temperature, and tank pressure is 25kPa, stir speed (S.S.) 200r/min, throughput 1: 0.8, is fermented
After 118 hours, tank is put immediately, plate compression, obtains wet mycelium.
The water content of wet mycelium is calculated, according to dry product mass percent 8:2 ratio, by wet mycelium and proper proportion
Dry ampelopsis grossdentata leaf mixing, stir.Wet mycelium carries out the preliminary drying of 28 hours, detection at 70 DEG C first
Its water content about 16%.Then the cuboid brick tea that 10cm (length) × 5cm (width) × 2cm (height) is pressed into mould is loaded into,
Carry out the drying of 12 hours again at 60 DEG C, it is about 4% to detect its water content.Brick tea is taken out, irradiation sterilization is carried out, then vacuumizes
Sealing, that is, obtain finished product.
The detection method approved using detection method as defined in NF or industry is measured ganoderma tea active ingredient and contained
Amount is respectively:Polysaccharide 6.8%, triterpene 3.2%, polypeptide 18%.Dihydromyricetin 2.6%, the μ g/100g of Organic Selenium 4.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
God any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the scope of the protection with principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of large-scale preparation method of ganoderma lucidum mycelium, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Lucidum strain is seeded in the shaking flask containing Shake flask medium and carries out Shaking culture, by turning for cultured shaking flask strain
Access carries out fermented and cultured in the first class seed pot containing fermentation medium, and fermented and cultured is transferred into secondary seed tank again after terminating
Middle fermented and cultured, secondary seed tank fermented and cultured is transferred again after terminating is fermented in fermentation tank, tank is then put, by zymotic fluid
Press filtration is carried out, obtains wet ganoderma lucidum mycelium;
Wherein, the condition of the fermented and cultured of first class seed pot is:The pH of fermentation medium is adjusted to 6.0~6.5, keeps tank temperature 25
~28 DEG C, tank presses 40~80kPa, 100~150r/min of stir speed (S.S.), throughput 1: 0.2~0.4, ferments 36~60 hours;Two
The condition of fermented and cultured of level seeding tank is:The pH of fermentation medium is adjusted to 6.0~6.5, keeps 25~28 DEG C of tank temperature, tank pressure
40~60kPa, 120~180r/min of stir speed (S.S.), throughput 1: 0.4~0.6, ferment 36~48 hours;The fermentation of fermentation tank
Condition of culture is:The pH of fermentation medium is adjusted to 6.0~6.5, keeps 25~28 DEG C of tank temperature, tank presses 20~40kPa, stirring speed
120~200r/min of rate, the volume ratio of throughput is 1: 0.5~0.8, is fermented 96~120 hours.
2. the large-scale preparation method of ganoderma lucidum mycelium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Shake flask medium and hair
The formula of ferment culture medium is identical, and the formula is:1~5wt% of corn flour, 1~5wt% of beancake powder, 1~5wt% of glucose, sulphur
Sour 0.02~0.04wt% of magnesium, 0.1~0.3wt% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.001~0.005wt% of vitamin B1, remaining is water.
3. the large-scale preparation method of ganoderma lucidum mycelium according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the one-level kind
The volume of sub- tank is 100L, and the volume of the secondary seed tank is 1 ton, and the volume of the fermentation tank is 10 tons.
4. the large-scale preparation method of ganoderma lucidum mycelium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Shaking culture is specific
For:Lucidum strain is seeded in one-level shaking flask, 25~28 DEG C are cultivated 72~108 hours, then turn the bacterium in one-level shaking flask again
In kind access second-level shake flask, 25~28 DEG C are cultivated 36~60 hours.
5. the large-scale preparation method of ganoderma lucidum mycelium according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the one-level shaking flask
Volume is 500ml, and the volume of second-level shake flask is 5000ml.
A kind of 6. ganoderma tea, it is characterised in that calculated according to percetage by weight, including following raw material:
The ganoderma lucidum mycelium 60%~90% obtained as the large-scale preparation method described in claim 1, ampelopsis grossdentata leaf
10%~40%.
7. ganoderma tea according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the ganoderma tea contains following active ingredient:Polysaccharide
6wt%~8wt%, 2~4wt% of triterpene, polypeptide 15wt%~20wt%.Dihydromyricetin 1wt%~3wt%, Organic Selenium 1~
8μg/100g。
8. the preparation method of ganoderma tea as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) preparation of ganoderma lucidum mycelium:Using the large-scale preparation method system of ganoderma lucidum mycelium as claimed in claim 1
It is standby to obtain wet ganoderma lucidum mycelium;
2) tentatively dried after ganoderma lucidum mycelium is well mixed with ampelopsis grossdentata leaf according to proportioning, make its water content
5~20wt% is down to, brick tea compacting tool set is then charged into and is suppressed to obtain brick tea, then carries out drying until the water content of brick tea
Less than 5wt%, you can.
9. the preparation method of ganoderma tea according to claim 8, it is characterised in that also include carrying out the brick tea after drying
Irradiation sterilization, then carry out vacuumizing sealing.
10. the preparation method of ganoderma tea according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the temperature of the drying of the step 2)
For 50~80 DEG C.
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CN107997125A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-08 | 于葵 | Edible mushroom mycelium and or edible mushroom mycelium powder manufacture craft and products thereof |
CN108042664A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-18 | 贵州苗氏药业股份有限公司 | A kind of strengthen immunity and the Chinese medicine composition and preparation method for adjusting body acid-base balance |
CN109275819A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-01-29 | 广东中测食品化妆品安全评价中心有限公司 | A kind of Ganoderma lucidum submerged fermentation technology and its fermented product and application |
CN111394414A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-10 | 上海市农业科学院 | Multi-stage liquid submerged fermentation method for lucid ganoderma |
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