CN107440710A - 4 electrodes based on wilson electrocardiographic lead systems are to 7 electrode synchronous collection methods - Google Patents
4 electrodes based on wilson electrocardiographic lead systems are to 7 electrode synchronous collection methods Download PDFInfo
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- A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
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Abstract
It is 4,5,6 or 7 using number of electrodes that the present invention, which proposes a kind of 4 electrodes based on wilson electrocardiographic lead systems to 7 electrode synchronous collection methods, lead method, including：Based on the Lead Synchronous ECG of Wilson lead system computings front 12 to 15；The lead system of limbs 6 is calculated based on Wilson leads system；The Lead Synchronous ECG of front 12 to 15 is combined into the Lead Synchronous ECG of limbs 6, rebuilds 18 to 21 simultaneous lead electrocardiogram systems.The present invention can reduce the crosslinking electrode quantity used, and 18 leads to 21 simultaneous lead synchronous dynamic electrocardiograms can be achieved by less number of electrodes, rebuild effect and precision is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cardiac diagnosis lead technical field, more particularly to a kind of 4 electricity based on wilson electrocardiographic lead systems
The electrode synchronous collection method of best 7.
Background technology
In electrocardiogram system of the prior art, for chest leads using following design：Front V 1 to V6 leads use one
To an electrode disposing way, precordial leads uses Frank lead system plane of structure vector projection modes.Led with X and Z axis with bipolar
Connection mode derives that front includes 12 leads such as V 1, V2 ... V7R, V9 and takes out angle and set certain amplification coefficient to complete the heart
Electrograph is synchronously traced.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is intended at least solve one of described technological deficiency.
Therefore, it is an object of the invention to propose that a kind of 4 electrodes based on wilson electrocardiographic lead systems are same to 7 electrodes
Acquisition method is walked, the crosslinking electrode quantity used can be greatly reduced, 18 leads can be achieved by less number of electrodes
Synchronous dynamic electrocardiogram, and rebuild effect and precision height.
To achieve these goals, embodiments of the invention provide a kind of 4 electricity based on wilson electrocardiographic lead systems
The electrode synchronous collection method of best 7, the lead method are 4,5,6 or 7 using number of electrodes, the lead method
Comprise the following steps:
Step S1, based on the lead of Wilson lead system computings front 12 to 15 Lead Synchronous ECGs, including following step
Suddenly：
Step S11, the fixed electrode lead position of 4 fronts is set, corresponds to precordial leads V 2, V9, V5R, V 5 respectively.
X-axis, Y-axis and Z axis are established according to the Precardial lead electrode, and linear space is built according to the axles of XYZ tri-；
Step S12, using three shaft positions in the linear space, it is empty to calculate heart relative dimensional in thorax
Between position, the position that heart is 0 to the reference points of all angles in thorax is calculated using mathematical way, is designated as heart
0 current potential；
Step S13, with precordial leads V2 to V 9 for an axle, using V 5 to V5R as another axle, using the current potential of heart 0 as reference
Point, as intrinsic reference electrode position, each axis of leads angle in front and amplification coefficient are extrapolated, above-mentioned two of sampling is hung down relatively
Straight axial electrode forms two front synchronization electrocardio sampling channels, by two front simultaneous lead electrocardio sampling channels and two
Limb leads sampling channel and forms four electrocardiogram passages；
Step S14, the full information of precordial leads and limb leads is gathered using above-mentioned four electrocardiogram Channel Synchronous
Electrocardiosignal, so as to the front dummy electrodes axis of leads extrapolated according to the fixed position electrode lead axle of front, simulate chest
Preceding 12 lead generates 12 to 15 front simultaneous lead ECG electrodes to 15 lead full informations；
Wherein, it is described to extrapolate each axis of leads angle in front and amplification coefficient in step S13, comprise the following steps：Root
According to each lead in front with respect to sites, other leads of front are respectively angular referenced to one using multiple fixed electrode position angles
Determine direction and extrapolate each virtual axis of leads respective angles and amplification coefficient, including：
Precordial leads V3 pushes away 20 to 25 degree to the left on the basis of fixed electrode V2, is+60 to 65 degree, amplification coefficient 1, its
In, V2 is+80 degree；
Precordial leads V4R pushes away 20 to 25 degree to the left on the basis of about+150 to 160 degree of fixed electrode V5R, is+140 to 130
Degree, amplification coefficient 1.
Step S2, the lead system of limbs 6 is calculated based on Wilson leads system；
Step S3, the limbs 6 in the lead of front 12 in step S1 to 15 Lead Synchronous ECG joint step S2 are led
Join electrocardiogram, rebuild 18 simultaneous leads to 21 simultaneous lead electrocardiogram systems.
Further, in the step S2, it is described based on Wilson leads system calculate the lead system of limbs 6, use with
One of lower two ways：
(1) electrode is placed under right and left shoulders nest and left side costal margin respectively, right and left shoulders nest connection connection is I leads, right shoulder to left rib
The edge second line of a couplet is II leads, derives III, avR, avL, avF lead, forms standard limb lead system；
(2) using the step S1 each axis of leads angles in front extrapolated and amplification coefficient, and then limb leads is extrapolated
Information.
Further, in the step S11, the fixed position crosslinking electrode of 4 fronts is set, corresponds to precordial leads respectively
Ⅴ2、V9、V5R、Ⅴ5。
Further,
Wherein, when the number of electrodes that the lead method uses is 4, Precardial lead electrode is arranged to 4, on limbs
Crosslinking electrode is not provided with, by each axis of leads angle in front and amplification coefficient, and then extrapolates limb leads information.
Further, the structure linear space, comprises the following steps：
With right shoulder nest electrode position and left rib second line of a couplet electrode position connection for Y-axis, joined with V5 electrode positions and V5R electrode positions
For X-axis, with V2 electrode positions and V9 electrode positions connection for Z axis, linear space is built with above-mentioned XYZ axles.
Further, between the step S12 and S13, also comprise the following steps：
With precordial leads V2 to V 9 for an axle, using V 5 to V5R as another axle, above-mentioned two Relative verticals axially electricity is sampled
Pole forms two front synchronization electrocardio sampling channels, and two front simultaneous lead electrocardio sampling channels and two limbs are led into sampling
Passage forms four electrocardiogram passages, gathers precordial leads using above-mentioned four electrocardiogram Channel Synchronous and limbs are led
The full information electrocardiosignal of connection.
Further, it is described to extrapolate each axis of leads angle in front and amplification coefficient, comprise the following steps：
According to each lead in front with respect to sites, other leads of front are respectively using multiple fixed electrode position angles as ginseng
Irradiation angle extrapolates each virtual axis of leads respective angles and amplification coefficient to certain orientation, including：
Precordial leads V3 pushes away 20 to 25 degree to the left on the basis of fixed electrode V2, is+60 to 65 degree, amplification coefficient 1, its
In, V2 is+80 degree；
Precordial leads V4R pushes away 20 to 25 degree to the left on the basis of about+150 to 160 degree of fixed electrode V5R, is+140 to 130
Degree, amplification coefficient 1.
Further, after the step S13, also comprise the following steps:Utilize multiple diseases in case database
Actual case is adjusted to obtained each axis of leads angle and amplification coefficient, until meeting clinical Recognized Standards.
Further, in the step S3,18 simultaneous lead electrocardiogram systems of the reconstruction, comprise the following steps：
M lead is chosen as the initial lead for being used to rebuild, this is rebuild lead set S and is represented by：
S={ L (1) ..., L (i) ..., L (m) }, wherein m are 4,5,6,7；
18 lead electrocardiogram ECG systems are expressed as：
E={ Ι, П, Ш, aVR, aVL, aVF, V1,V2,V3,V4,V5,V6,V7,V8,V9,V3R,V4R,V5R}
When there is n group samples (S1,E1),...,(Sn,En), when (n ＞ m), the linear model between E and S is represented by：
E=M β+ε
Wherein, E is sample Ei, (i=1 ..., n), β is transition matrix, and ε is an error matrix.And M is defined as：
The data of the lead sampled point of analytical standard 18, gone to be fitted remaining lead number with the sample point data of sample lead
According to, fit procedure is assessed using least square method, determines estimated matrix b,
18 lead matrixes after then rebuilding can be expressed as：
4 electrodes based on wilson electrocardiographic lead systems according to embodiments of the present invention to 7 electrode synchronous collection methods,
Using standard Wilson modes, and a kind of brand-new lead system of Digital Way for the realization that is harmonious with hardware and software.The present invention
Ecg signal acquiring be all general principle with Wilson leads system, chest leads use Wilson system unipolar leads
Designed based on mode, with virtual (half simulates) mode of virtual (simulation) and half, on the basis of the intrinsic reference electrode of very small amount
By way of mathematical computations derivation, a plurality of simultaneous lead electrocardiogram is exported with a small amount of external electrode of chest.That is, with a small amount of fixed bit
Put electrode and derive that 12 include V1 to V9 and V3R to V5R synchronizations front electrocardiographic lead in a manner of Wilson, then combine limbs
The lead of lead 6, form 18 to 21 simultaneous lead electrocardiogram systems.The present invention can greatly reduce the crosslinking electrode number used
Amount, 18 lead synchronous dynamic electrocardiograms can be achieved by less number of electrodes, and rebuild effect and precision height.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become in the description from combination accompanying drawings below to embodiment
Substantially and it is readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1 is 4 electrodes based on wilson electrocardiographic lead systems according to the embodiment of the present invention to 7 electrode synchronous acquisitions
The flow chart of method；
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b are the signal using the current potential of heart 0 as the lead axial angle of reference point according to the embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, the example of embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein identical from beginning to end
Or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Retouched below with reference to accompanying drawing
The embodiment stated is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
Before the present invention is introduced, first to synchronous 18 Lead ambulatory electrocardiogram system DCG (Dynamic
ElectroCardio Gram, Holter) illustrate.
18 lead dynamic DCG can be effective over whole-heartedly dirty each position, so as to accomplish that synchronous acquisition heart is each
The change of position long route cardiogram figure, because coverage rate is complete, therefore referred to as full information electrocardiogram.And due to being synchronous long-range prison
Control, this objectively, comprehensively can monitor patient's myocardial ischemia situation to frontline medical staff and be in a bad way for clinic
Degree provides effective means.
18 lead DCG are different from 12 traditional lead DCG, except 12 antetheca, lower wall, side wall, the partition hearts for leading DCG monitoring
Electric situation, at the same can the positive rear wall of synchronization monitoring left ventricle and myocardium of right ventricle ischemic disease dynamic change situation, especially
Can in time, be effectively observed the overall process of the disease development such as the two position myocardial ischemia, infarct and change.
Specifically, the two position myocardial ischemias and infarct clinically have disease time is short, normal and other position simultaneously
The characteristics of hair, this can not be detected in 12 leads.It can be provided using 18 lead DCG to the line clinic of Cardiological one more complete
Face, the effective means for more monitoring myocardial ischemia disease in time.Thus, it can be understood that 12 lead DCG instead of 3 lead DCG,
Realize DCG be only used for arrhythmia cordis monitoring yoke, and 18 lead DCG then on the basis of 12 lead DCG more fully
Each position of monitoring of cardiac, comprehensive current intelligence of various types of myocardial ischemia disease, it is that one of electrocardiogram application technology is important
Development.
As shown in figure 1,4 electrodes based on wilson electrocardiographic lead systems to 7 electrodes of the embodiment of the present invention are synchronously adopted
Diversity method, comprise the following steps：
Step S1, based on the Lead Synchronous ECG of Wilson lead system computings front 12 to 15, comprise the following steps：
Step S11, the fixed electrode lead position of multiple fronts is set, X-axis, Y-axis and Z are established according to Precardial lead electrode
Axle, and linear space is built according to the axles of XYZ tri-.
It should be noted that lead method provided by the invention is 4,5,6 or 7 using number of electrodes.
In one embodiment of the invention, the fixed position crosslinking electrode of 4 fronts is set, corresponds to precordial leads respectively
Ⅴ2、V9、V5R、Ⅴ5。
Step S12, utilize three shaft positions in linear space, relative dimensional locus, using mathematical way meter
The position for showing that heart is 0 to the reference points of all angles in thorax is calculated, it is 0 current potential to be designated as the current potential of heart 0.
The process of mathematical computations is illustrated below.
Wilson centra electric terminals (WCT) is by the average value of RA, LA, LL electrode potential, i.e. WCT=(RA+LA+LL)/3,
Kirchhoff laws do not require that WCT current potentials are 0 in cardiac cycle or kept constant.Potential difference between WCT and RA, LA, LL
It is respectively defined as new face amount limb leads VR, VL and VF.These electrode pairs of Wilson are referred to as " monopole " lead.
Specifically, linear space is built, is comprised the following steps：
With right shoulder nest electrode position and left rib second line of a couplet electrode position connection for Y-axis, joined with V5 electrode positions and V5R electrode positions
For X-axis, with V2 electrode positions and V9 electrode positions connection for Z axis, linear space is built with above-mentioned XYZ axles.Utilize three axle groups
Into locus, realized with mathematical way calculate set heart in thoracic cavity relative position (the four to five intercostal level) as 0.
Prior art be the three mutually perpendicular leads randomly selected as XYZ axles, Different Individual is to this space coordinates
The matching degree of standard is different, and the placement of electrode position has difference in practical measurement, causes reconstructed results error.With the right side
Shoulder nest electrode position and left rib second line of a couplet electrode position connection are Y-axis, with V5 electrode positions and V5R electrode positions connection for X-axis, with V2 electricity
Pole position and the XYZ axles that V9 electrode positions connection is Z axis are fixed linear spaces, and V5, V5R, V2, V9 are four phases
It is more accurate as space coordinates, reconstructed results to stable and mutually perpendicular electrode, all individuals.
In one embodiment of the invention, between step S12 and S13, also comprise the following steps：
With precordial leads V2 to V 9 for an axle, using V 5 to V5R as another axle, above-mentioned two Relative verticals axially electricity is sampled
Pole forms two front synchronization electrocardio sampling channels, and two front simultaneous lead electrocardio sampling channels and two limbs are led into sampling
Passage forms four electrocardiogram passages, gathers precordial leads using above-mentioned four electrocardiogram Channel Synchronous and limbs are led
The full information electrocardiosignal of connection.The present invention gathers long-range full information (18 lead synchronous electrocardiosignal) using 3 to 4 Channel Synchronous
Electrocardiosignal technology.
Step S13, using the fixed position crosslinking electrode of multiple fronts, using the current potential of heart 0 as reference point, as intrinsic ginseng
According to electrode position, each axis of leads angle in front and amplification coefficient are extrapolated, so as to the fixed position electrode lead according to front
The front dummy electrodes axis of leads that axle is extrapolated, it is same to 15 lead full informations, 12 to 15 fronts of generation to simulate the lead of front 12
Walk lead electrocardiogram electrode.Wherein, 12 leads include：12 V1 to V9 and V3R to V5R synchronizations front electrocardiographic lead, i.e. V1,
V2、V3、V4、V5、V5、V6、V7、V8、V9、V3R、V4R、V5R。
It should be noted that the quantity of the fixed position electrode of front is no less than 12 in synchronous 18 lead electrocardiogram,
The quantity of the fixed position electrode of front is no less than 15 in synchronous 21 lead electrocardiogram.
For example, the front fixed electrode quantity of necessary being is 4,8 virtual leads are extrapolated by this 4 true electrodes
Electrode, collectively constitute the crosslinking electrode of front 12；
The front fixed electrode quantity of necessary being is 4, and 11 virtual lead electricity are extrapolated by this 4 true electrodes
Pole, collectively constitute the crosslinking electrode of front 15.
In one embodiment of the invention, each axis of leads angle in front and amplification coefficient, including following step are extrapolated
Suddenly：
With reference to figure 2a and Fig. 2 b, according to each lead in front with respect to sites, other leads of front are respectively with multiple fixations
Electrode position (V 2, V9, V5R, V 5) angle is that angular referenced extrapolates each axis of leads respective angles and amplification to certain orientation
Coefficient, including：
Precordial leads V3 pushes away 20 to 25 degree to the left on the basis of fixed electrode V2, is+60 to 65 degree, amplification coefficient 1, its
In, V2 is+80 degree；
Precordial leads V4R pushes away 20 to 25 degree to the left on the basis of about+150 to 160 degree of fixed electrode V5R, is+140 to 130
Degree, amplification coefficient 1.
Precordial leads V4 pushes away to the right 10 to 15 degree on the basis of fixed electrode V5, is+40 to 45 degree, amplification coefficient 1, its
In, V5 is+30 degree；
Precordial leads V1 pushes away 50 to 55 degree to the left on the basis of about+150 to 160 degree of fixed electrode V5R, is+100 to 110
Degree, amplification coefficient 1.
Precordial leads V6 pushes away 10 to 15 degree to the left on the basis of fixed electrode V5, is+15 to 20 degree, amplification coefficient 1, its
In, V5 is+30 degree；
Precordial leads V3R pushes away 40 to 45 degree to the left on the basis of about+150 to 160 degree of fixed electrode V5R, is+110 to 120
Degree, amplification coefficient 1.
The electrocardiogram axis of leads of front 12, which can be extrapolated, by using aforesaid way and forms synchronous chest leads electrocardio
Figure.
It should be noted that above-mentioned angle does not calculate, but position is laid according to the electrode of wilson system standards
Put and be converted into angle-data and be easy to computing.
In addition, present invention additionally comprises following steps：Utilize the reality of sufficient amount of multiple diseases in case database
Case is adjusted to obtained each axis of leads angle and amplification coefficient, until meeting clinical Recognized Standards.
Step S2, the lead system of limbs 6 is calculated based on Wilson leads system.
In one embodiment of the invention, the lead system of limbs 6 is calculated based on Wilson leads system, using following two
One of kind mode：
(1) electrode is placed under right and left shoulders nest and left side costal margin respectively, right and left shoulders nest connection connection is I leads, right shoulder to left rib
The edge second line of a couplet is II leads, derives III, avR, avL, avF lead, forms standard limb lead system.
Specifically, in step s 2, based on Wilson lead systems, respectively in right and left shoulders nest (clavicle lower edge position) and a left side
(anterior axillary line) places electrode under side rib edge, and right and left shoulders nest connection connection is I leads, and right shoulder to the left costal margin second line of a couplet is II leads, with calculating
Mode derives III, avR, avL, avF lead, forms standard limb lead system.
(2) using the step S1 each axis of leads angles in front extrapolated and amplification coefficient, and then limb leads is extrapolated
Information.
Specifically, by removing the current potential of single exploring electrode in therefrom electrocardio terminal potential, " pressurization is single by Goldberger
Pole " limb leads, why it is so called be because said from mathematical angle, the wave amplitude of record is with utilizing Wilson centra electric terminals
Record compares increase 50%.The Goldberger centra electric terminals of augmented limb lead calculates acquisition, i.e. aVR by the following method
Lead is that (LA+LL)/2, aVL leads are that (RA+LL)/2, aVF is (RA+LA)/2.Therefore, aVL leads represent left upper extremity with
The potential difference of Goldberger centra electric terminals after improvement, its computational methods are LA- (RA+LL)/2, its can be reduced to (I lead-
III lead)/2.Likewise, aVR leads are RA- (LA+LL)/2 ,-(lead of I lead+II)/2 can be reduced to；AVF leads are LL-
(LA+RA) (lead of II lead+III)/2 can/2, be reduced to.These derivative leads provide the new vectorial visual angle in face amount.
Step S3, the limbs 6 in the lead of front 12 in step S1 to 15 Lead Synchronous ECG joint step S2 are led
Join electrocardiogram, rebuild 18 simultaneous leads to 21 simultaneous lead electrocardiogram systems.
First, the relation between lead is illustrated：
The lead ECG signal of standard 12 by limb leads (I, II, III, aVR, aVL and aVF) and chest leads (V1, V2, V3,
V4, V5 and V6) composition, 18 leads are that chest increases V3R, V4R and V5R to the right again on the basis of the lead of standard 12 and chest increases to the left
Add V7, V8 and V9 lead.Wherein, the relation between each lead is as follows：
I-II-III=0；
AVR=- (I+II)/2；
AVL=I-II/2；
AVF=II-I/2.
The process of reconstruction of electrocardiogram is illustrated below.
According to the difference of algorithm for reconstructing, lead method for reconstructing can be largely classified into linear reconstruction method and non-linear reconstruction side
Method.Illustrated below by taking linear lead method for reconstructing as an example.Most of lead reconstructing system all uses the side of linear transformation
Method carries out the reconstruction of ECG Lead.
Assuming that choosing m lead as the initial lead for being used to rebuild, this is rebuild lead set S and is represented by：
S=L (1) ..., L (i) ..., L (m) }
18 lead ECG systems are expressed as：
E={ Ι, П, Ш, aVR, aVL, aVF, V1,V2,V3,V4,V5,V6,V7,V8,V9,V3R,V4R,V5R}
When there is n group samples (S1,E1),...,(Sn,En), when (n ＞ m), the linear model between E and S is represented by：
E=M β+ε
Wherein, E is sample Ei, (i=1 ..., n), β is transition matrix, and ε is an error matrix.And M is defined as：
Therefore, transition matrix β estimated matrix b need to only be calculated 18 leads can just be reconstructed.
The present invention calculates estimated matrix b using the method for statistics, by the data of the lead sampled point of analytical standard 18, uses
The sample point data of sample lead is gone to be fitted remaining leads, and fit procedure is assessed using least square method, final true
Determine estimated matrix b, in fact, in matrix operation, b=(MTM)-1MTE is the result after linear regression operation.
After transition matrix β estimated matrix b is determined, then 18 lead matrixes after rebuilding can be expressed as：
The reconstruction of lead is thus achieved, and the method counted in theory at least can reconstruct standard with 2 leads
18 leads, but with the reduction of the original lead quantity for reconstruction, rebuilding effect also can be poorer, it is therefore desirable to which it is suitable to choose
Lead quantity and lead species rebuild.
The application using improvement Wilson wilson's lead2s systems, using less external electrode it is few, have figure also
Former good, interference (uses new lead system, using new electrode paste method, can effectively reduce the production of interference to a certain extent less
It is raw) distinctness hold a little.The present invention only with only with 4 electrocardio sampling channels, leads as 16 external electrodes, 14 hearts compared to true 18
Electric channel, and full Wilson modes are used, and the scheme of non-orthogonal manner, the present invention embody electrocardiosignal sample-synchronous
The characteristics such as good, passage is few, electrode slice is few, efficiency high, figure percent reduction height.
The present invention is respectively provided with certain beneficial effect towards hospital and patient's angle：
1) for hospital, consumptive material can be reduced, embodies saving spirit, few consumption obtains large information capacity；
2) for patient, because electroplax is worn substantially more comfortably less, easily received by patient；
3) seen for development, because port number significantly reduces, can effective control information amount, fully expand Information Pull sky
Between, the remote synchronization that is highly advantageous to electrocardiosignal transmits the extension of work.
4 electrodes based on wilson electrocardiographic lead systems according to embodiments of the present invention to 7 electrode synchronous collection methods,
Using standard Wilson modes, and a kind of brand-new lead system of Digital Way for the realization that is harmonious with hardware and software.The present invention
Ecg signal acquiring be all general principle with Wilson leads system, chest leads use Wilson system unipolar leads
Designed based on mode, with virtual (half simulates) mode of virtual (simulation) and half, on the basis of the intrinsic reference electrode of very small amount
By way of mathematical computations derivation, a plurality of simultaneous lead electrocardiogram is exported with a small amount of external electrode of chest.That is, with a small amount of fixed bit
Put electrode and derive that 12 to 15 include V1 to V9 and V3R to V5R synchronizations front electrocardiographic lead in a manner of WiIson, then join
The lead of limb leads 6 is closed, forms 18 to 21 simultaneous lead electrocardiogram systems.The present invention can greatly reduce the lead electricity used
Number of poles, by less number of electrodes i.e. can be achieved 18 leads to 21 lead synchronous dynamic electrocardiograms, and rebuild effect and
Precision is high.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or the spy for combining the embodiment or example description
Point is contained at least one embodiment or example of the present invention.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not
Necessarily refer to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, specific features, structure, material or the feature of description can be any
One or more embodiments or example in combine in an appropriate manner.
Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is impossible to limitation of the present invention is interpreted as, one of ordinary skill in the art is not departing from the principle and objective of the present invention
In the case of above-described embodiment can be changed within the scope of the invention, change, replace and modification.The scope of the present invention
By appended claims and its equivalent limit.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of 4 electrodes based on wilson electrocardiographic lead systems are to 7 electrode synchronous collection methods, it is characterised in that described
Lead method is 4,5,6 or 7 using number of electrodes, and the lead method comprises the following steps:
Step S1, based on the lead of Wilson lead system computings front 12 to 15 Lead Synchronous ECGs, comprise the following steps：
Step S11, the fixed electrode lead position of 4 fronts is set, corresponds to precordial leads V 2, V9, V5R, V 5 respectively, according to
The Precardial lead electrode establishes X-axis, Y-axis and Z axis, and builds linear space according to the axles of XYZ tri-；
Step S12, using three shaft positions in the linear space, calculate heart relative dimensional space bit in thorax
Put, the position that heart is 0 to the reference points of all angles in thorax is calculated using mathematical way, is designated as the electricity of heart 0
Position；
Step S13, with precordial leads V2 to V 9 for an axle, using V 5 to V5R as another axle, using the current potential of heart 0 as reference point, make
For intrinsic reference electrode position, each axis of leads angle in front and amplification coefficient are extrapolated, samples above-mentioned two Relative vertical axles
Two front synchronization electrocardio sampling channels are formed to electrode, two front simultaneous lead electrocardio sampling channels and two limbs are led
Sampling channel forms four electrocardiogram passages；
Step S14, the full information electrocardio of precordial leads and limb leads is gathered using above-mentioned four electrocardiogram Channel Synchronous
Signal, so as to the front dummy electrodes axis of leads extrapolated according to the fixed position electrode lead axle of front, simulate front 12
Lead generates 12 to 15 front simultaneous lead ECG electrodes to 15 lead full informations；
Wherein, it is described to extrapolate each axis of leads angle in front and amplification coefficient in step S13, comprise the following steps：According to chest
For preceding each lead with respect to sites, other leads of front are respectively angular referenced to certain side using multiple fixed electrode position angles
To extrapolating each virtual axis of leads respective angles and amplification coefficient, including：
Precordial leads V3 pushes away 20 to 25 degree to the left on the basis of fixed electrode V2, is+60 to 65 degree, amplification coefficient 1, wherein,
V2 is+80 degree；
Precordial leads V4R pushes away 20 to 25 degree to the left on the basis of about+150 to 160 degree of fixed electrode V5R, is+140 to 130 degree,
Amplification coefficient is 1.
Step S2, the lead system of limbs 6 is calculated based on Wilson leads system；
Step S3, the lead of limbs 6 in the lead of front 12 in step S1 to 15 Lead Synchronous ECG joint step S2 is same
Electrocardiogram is walked, rebuilds 18 simultaneous leads to 21 simultaneous lead electrocardiogram systems.
2. 4 electrodes to 7 electrode synchronous collection methods as claimed in claim 1 based on wilson electrocardiographic lead systems, its
It is characterised by, it is described following two based on the Wilson leads system reckoning lead system of limbs 6, use in the step S2
One of mode：
(1) electrode is placed under right and left shoulders nest and left side costal margin respectively, right and left shoulders nest lead is I leads, under right shoulder to left costal margin
Join for II leads, derive III, avR, avL, avF lead, form standard limb lead system；
(2) using the step S1 each axis of leads angles in front extrapolated and amplification coefficient, and then limb leads information is extrapolated.
3. 4 electrodes to 7 electrode synchronous collection methods as claimed in claim 1 based on wilson electrocardiographic lead systems, its
It is characterised by,
Wherein, when the number of electrodes that the lead method uses is 4, Precardial lead electrode is arranged to 4, is not set on limbs
Put crosslinking electrode.
When the number of electrodes that the lead method uses is 5, wherein, 1 electrode V1 of precordial leads, and limbs four are led
Connection.
When the number of electrodes that the lead method uses is 6, wherein, precordial leads 2 electrodes V5R and V5, and limbs
Four leads.
When the number of electrodes that the lead method uses is 7, wherein, precordial leads 3 electrodes V1, V9, V5R, and limb
Four leads of body.
4. 4 electrodes to 7 electrode synchronous collection methods as claimed in claim 3 based on wilson electrocardiographic lead systems, its
It is characterised by, the structure linear space, comprises the following steps：
With right shoulder nest electrode position and left rib second line of a couplet electrode position connection for Y-axis, with V5 electrode positions and V5R electrode positions connection for X
Axle, with V2 electrode positions and V9 electrode positions connection for Z axis, with above-mentioned XYZ axles structure linear space.
5. 4 electrodes to 7 electrode synchronous collection methods as claimed in claim 1 based on wilson electrocardiographic lead systems, its
It is characterised by, after the step S13, also comprises the following steps：Utilize the actual disease of multiple diseases in case database
Example is adjusted to obtained each axis of leads angle and amplification coefficient, until meeting clinical Recognized Standards.
6. 4 electrodes to 7 electrode synchronous collection methods as claimed in claim 1 based on wilson electrocardiographic lead systems, its
It is characterised by, in the step S3,18 simultaneous lead electrocardiogram systems of the reconstruction, comprises the following steps：
M lead is chosen as the initial lead for being used to rebuild, this is rebuild lead set S and is represented by：
S={ L (1) ..., L (i) ..., L (m) }, wherein m are 4,5,6,7；
18 lead electrocardiogram ECG systems are expressed as：
E={ Ι, П, Ш, aVR, aVL, aVF, V1,V2,V3,V4,V5,V6,V7,V8,V9,V3R,V4R,V5R}
When there is n group samples (S1,E1),...,(Sn,En), when (n ＞ m), the linear model between E and S is represented by：
E=M β+ε
Wherein, E is sample Ei, (i=1 ..., n), β is transition matrix, and ε is an error matrix.And M is defined as：
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The data of the lead sampled point of analytical standard 18, gone to be fitted remaining leads with the sample point data of sample lead, intended
Conjunction process is assessed using least square method, determines estimated matrix b,
18 lead matrixes after then rebuilding can be expressed as：
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