CN107421601A - Intelligent remote real-time monitoring system and its monitoring method to ocean tidal level - Google Patents

Intelligent remote real-time monitoring system and its monitoring method to ocean tidal level Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107421601A
CN107421601A CN201710385801.8A CN201710385801A CN107421601A CN 107421601 A CN107421601 A CN 107421601A CN 201710385801 A CN201710385801 A CN 201710385801A CN 107421601 A CN107421601 A CN 107421601A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
data
tube
clipper tube
central controller
monitoring system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201710385801.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN107421601B (en
Inventor
欧阳伟
张俊彪
许雪峰
叶钦
杨忠良
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Hangzhou Honglan Green Technology Co ltd
Second Institute of Oceanography MNR
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Second Institute of Oceanography SOA
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Priority to CN201710385801.8A priority Critical patent/CN107421601B/en
Publication of CN107421601A publication Critical patent/CN107421601A/en
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Publication of CN107421601B publication Critical patent/CN107421601B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/14Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measurement of pressure
    • G01F23/18Indicating, recording or alarm devices actuated electrically
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C9/00Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13Receivers
    • G01S19/14Receivers specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S19/16Anti-theft; Abduction
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08CTRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to monitoring system, disclose intelligent remote real-time monitoring system and its monitoring method to ocean tidal level, it includes pressure sensor (1), also include a plurality of clipper tube (3), pressure sensor (1) is arranged on clipper tube (3), also include solar power supply apparatus (7), digital altimeter (6) and central controller (8), solar power supply apparatus (7) is powered to digital altimeter (6) and central controller (8), the data that central controller (8) is connected with pressure sensor (1) and digital altimeter (6) and transmitted to it carry out the tide level data that analysis draws observation place marine site.The characteristics of present invention has intelligence, automatic, accurate, continuous, collection in real time and sends tidal level information, can be the offer strong supports such as scientific research, ocean engineering construction, military affairs, Fairway navigation management, it is significant to tidal data collection, the storm tide research under extreme condition.

Description

Intelligent remote real-time monitoring system and its monitoring method to ocean tidal level
Technical field
The present invention relates to monitoring system, more particularly to intelligent remote real-time monitoring system and its monitoring side to ocean tidal level Method.
Background technology
Tidal level information is directly connected to the oceanographic researches such as oceanics, military oceanography and scientific research of seas Every aspect.The tidal level information for quickly and accurately obtaining target marine site has very important significance.Currently used seawater tide Position monitoring instrument mainly has pressure type tide gauge, float-type tide gauge, Acoustic Tide Gauge etc..But float-type tide gauge needs to beat Tide gauge well, simplification are poor;Acoustic Tide Gauge is harsher to environmental requirement while freezed in winter sea is unable to tidal observation;And press The manufacturing technology of power formula tide gauge is highly developed in itself, and instrument is very high to the accuracy of observation of tidal level in itself, but band The tide gauge of ventilation cable is using by having been limited:First, tracheae must be firm, if tracheal rupture makes seawater flow into tide register Tide register can be burnt;2nd, due to there is tracheae to lead to bank or sea, cause tide register to lay and be unable to offshore farther out, tidal observation is deep Degree will not be too deep, using being above restricted and absolute pressure formula tide gauge can both make wired equipment due to internal obstructed air, Can also be used as self contained device, but its tidal level information measured be with atmospheric pressure and seawater pressure sum, be at it The one synchronous work of atmospheric pressure detection device of configuration nearby, practical operation are got up also inconvenient.With scientific research of seas The continuous progress developed with ocean engineering, to the simple of the ageing and persistence of tidal level monitoring, the portability of equipment and installation Property, the accuracy of data and the intelligent and interactivity of monitoring propose new requirement, but current tidal observation technology is not yet full Sufficient aforementioned claim.
The content of the invention
The present invention for lacking ageing, persistence, the portability of equipment, the simplification of installation, data in the prior art Accuracy and monitoring intelligent and interactivity the shortcomings that, there is provided intelligent remote real-time monitoring system and its to oceanic tide The monitoring method of position.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is addressed by following technical proposals:
Intelligent remote real-time monitoring system, including pressure sensor, in addition to a plurality of clipper tube, each clipper tube pass through flange Connection, pressure sensor is mounted on the clipper tube of bottom, in addition to solar power supply apparatus, digital altimeter and in Entreat controller, solar power supply apparatus is powered to digital altimeter and central controller, central controller and pressure sensor and The data that digital altimeter is connected and transmitted to it carry out the tide level data that analysis draws observation place marine site, in addition to long-range clothes It is engaged in device and backup computer, includes data processing module on backup computer, tide level data is sent to remote service by central controller Tide level data is sent to backup computer by device, remote server by mail he, and it is standby that backup computer receives tide level data progress Part is simultaneously analyzed tide level data by data processing module.
Preferably, clipper tube includes the punching clipper tube below the water surface and the non-porous wave absorption above the water surface Pipe.
Preferably, the tube wall in the vertical direction of punching clipper tube is provided with a diameter 5mm~10mm every 1000mm Hole, adjacent holes positioned at punching clipper tube axis both sides.
Preferably, being provided with inner tube in punching clipper tube, inner tube is provided with a plurality of helicla flute to cave inward, helicla flute Between spacing be 20mm~40mm, be additionally provided with the first hole and the second hole on helicla flute, the first hole is with the second hole in same spiral shell It is arranged at intervals in spin slot, a diameter of 5mm~7mm in the first hole, a diameter of 2mm~4mm in the second hole.Pass through the spiral in inner tube Groove can eliminate the influence of wave, coordinate the design buffering in the first hole and the second hole by there is the water that the hole on the clipper tube of hole enters Stream.
Preferably, the inwall of punching clipper tube is provided with bulge loop, inner tube is provided with the annular groove coordinated with bulge loop.
Preferably, clipper tube is by etch-proof 316 steel stainless steel tube that more root long degree are respectively 2000mm and 3000mm Connection forms.
Preferably, clipper tube external stability has water gauge piece, the external diameter of water gauge piece is 450mm~490mm, and internal diameter is 430mm~470mm, thickness are 7mm~13mm.
Preferably, pressure sensor diameter is not more than 30mm.
Intelligent remote real-time monitoring system is to the monitoring method of ocean tidal level, and the method includes the steps of:
1) determine to need the total length of installation clipper tube according to the tidal level excursion in place to be measured and determine to punch wave absorption The quantity of pipe and non-porous clipper tube;
2) the punching clipper tube determined is connected with non-porous clipper tube and is erected at tidal level station placement, pass through cable Connect pressure sensor and central controller;
3) remote controlled central controller passes through the pressure data that cable reception pressure sensor receives and numeral The barometric pressure data that barometer measures obtains the tide level data in observation place marine site after subtracting each other;
4) long-range clothes are sent data to from the tide level data that remote controlled central controller receives by data flow Business device, remote server include GPRS module, and GPRS module sends tide level data to specified mailbox with mail he;
5) backup computer is specified mailbox by data processing module automated log on mounted thereto and downloaded in mail Tide level data, data processing module are parsed to the tide level data of download and the time being resolved to and the numerical value of parameters It is added to the lane database of backup computer.
The present invention has significant technique effect as a result of above technical scheme:The present invention is avoided with clipper tube The excavation of tide gauge well and addressing limitation, digital altimeter are integrated into whole system, both make use of the institute of absolute pressure type tide register It is advantageous, the shortcomings that having evaded absolute pressure type tide register again, while again can independent output services ground Real-Time Atmospheric pressure value, can be accurate Tidal level value is measured, substantially the not influence of the external condition such as climate, hydrology;Solar electric power supply system provides uninterrupted electric power, can Realize long-term unattended surveillance.Intelligent system design, can be according to weather condition and particular/special requirement remote control data Gather density;Unique burglary-resisting system design, it is ensured that the security of system;Energy-saving circuit design, make system bulk big Big to reduce, power consumption greatly reduces, and the convenience of portability and installation greatly enhances.The system has intelligence, automatic, accurate, even The characteristics of continuous, collection in real time and transmission tidal level information, can be that scientific research, ocean engineering construction, military affairs, Fairway navigation management etc. provide Strong support, it is significant to tidal data collection, the storm tide research under extreme condition.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 punching clipper tube and the structural representation of inner tube.
Fig. 3 is the data acquisition structured flowchart of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the data receiver program flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the interactive software program flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the anti-theft program flow chart of the present invention.
The toponym that each number designation is referred in accompanying drawing is as follows:1-pressure sensor, 2-water gauge piece, 3-wave absorption Pipe, 4-flange, 5-cable, 6-digital altimeter, 7-solar power supply apparatus, 8-central controller, 31-punching wave absorption Pipe, 32-non-porous clipper tube, 33-inner tube, 311-hole, 312-bulge loop, 331-helicla flute, 332-annular groove, 3311- First hole, the 3312-the second hole.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
Intelligent remote real-time monitoring system, as illustrated, including pressure sensor 1, in addition to a plurality of clipper tube 3, respectively disappear Wave duct 3 is connected by flange 4, and the specification of flange 4 is mounted on most for the hole heart away from 980mm, thickness 20mm, pressure sensor 1 On the clipper tube 3 of lower section, in addition to solar power supply apparatus 7, digital altimeter 6 and center control on clipper tube 3 Device 8, solar power supply apparatus 7 are powered to digital altimeter 6 and central controller 8, and central controller 8 passes through positioned at clipper tube 3 Interior cable 5 is connected with pressure sensor 1, and central controller 8 connects pressure sensor 1 and digital altimeter 6 and it is transmitted Data carry out analysis and draw the tide level data in observation place marine site, in addition to remote server and backup computer, backup computer Upper to include data processing module, tide level data is sent to remote server by central controller 8, and remote server is by tide level data Backup computer is sent to by mail he, backup computer receives tide level data and backed up and by data processing module to tide Position data are analyzed.
To ensure system work persistence, system has carried out high energy saving processing, and system standby electric current about 100uA is left The right side, there are 3 pieces of high-performance lithium ion batteries inside central controller, in the case of fully charged, if collection one in default every 10 minutes Secondary data, every 2 hours send a data, instrument can with normal acquisition, send data and maintain system worked well 1 year with On.When accessing solar power supply apparatus 7, the solar energy that solar panel is collected into is converted to electrical power storage in lithium-ion electric Chi Zhong, so it can guarantee that within systems life cycle never because short of electricity is stopped.
To reach the interactivity of system, interactive software system is developed, during collection for real time modifying tidal level information Between, frequency acquisition, remote power-off, remote system upgrade, data subsequent collection and repeating transmission;To reach the intelligent of system, develop anti- Theft system, when intelligent remote real-time monitoring system is knocked down, is damaged and is stolen, these three situations of system meeting automatic discrimination, Particularly when stolen, system can high density send latitude and longitude information for positioning, its principle is integrated one in systems GPS module and inclination sensor, when inclination sensor inclination angle is more than certain angle or is hit or damaged energetically, antitheft system Unite and send information to central controller 8, central controller 8 can provide the location information of message information or intensive collection GPS module And it is sent to public mailbox server and the system private server.
After starting measurement, the pressure data that pressure sensor 1 measures reaches central controller 8 by armored cable 5, with The Real-Time Atmospheric pressure value of synchronous digital barometer 6 that centre controller 8 receives by central controller 8 is sent to central control after subtracting each other GPRS module in device 8 processed, sent by GPRS module with mail he to mailbox server, later by GPRS module with number The system private server, clipper tube 3, pressure sensor 1, digital altimeter 6, CPU are sent to according to the form of stream 8th, solar power supply apparatus 7 forms collection in worksite emitter.
Clipper tube 3 includes the punching clipper tube 31 below the water surface and the non-porous clipper tube 32 above the water surface.For Increase clipper tube 3 and the fixation in seabed, will not sink when laying for a long time and lateral displacement, the bottom of clipper tube 3 after connection are opened Mouthful, while fixed by fixed system and bunding or other support systems, the top of clipper tube 3 for connecting shaping is connected by flange 4 Connect remote controlled central controller 8.
The tube wall in the vertical direction for punching clipper tube 31 is provided with diameter 7.5mm hole 311, wave absorption every 1000mm Pipe 3 is coupled by the etch-proof 316 steel stainless steel tube that more root long degree are respectively 2000mm and 3000mm to be formed, namely 2000mm is not Rust steel pipe only makes a hole, and 3000mm stainless steel tubes make a call to two holes, and adjacent holes 311 is positioned at the axis of punching clipper tube 31 Both sides.
Inner tube 33 is installed in punching clipper tube 31, inner tube 33 is provided with a plurality of helicla flute 331 to cave inward, helicla flute Spacing between 331 is 30mm, and the first hole 3311 and the second hole 3312, the first hole 3311 and second are additionally provided with helicla flute 331 Hole 3312 is arranged at intervals in the same helicla flute 331, a diameter of 6mm in the first hole 3311, the second hole 3312 it is a diameter of 3mm。
The inwall of punching clipper tube 31 is provided with bulge loop 312, and inner tube 33 is provided with the annular groove coordinated with bulge loop 312 332, by the cooperation of bulge loop 312 and annular groove 332, ensure that inner tube 33 is arranged in macropore clipper tube 31 and around macropore wave absorption The axis rotation of pipe 31.
The external stability of clipper tube 3 has water gauge piece 2, and the external diameter of water gauge piece 2 is 470mm, internal diameter 450mm, thickness 10mm.
The diameter of pressure sensor 1 is not more than 30mm, can ensure armouring communication cable 5 connect under in clipper tube 3 from By vertical movement.
Intelligent remote real-time monitoring system is to the monitoring method of ocean tidal level, and the method includes the steps of:
1) determine to need the total length of installation clipper tube 3 according to the tidal level excursion in place to be measured and determine to punch wave absorption The quantity of pipe 31 and non-porous clipper tube 32;
2) the punching clipper tube 31 determined and non-porous clipper tube 32 are connected and is erected at tidal level station placement, it is non-porous Clipper tube 32 is arranged on the top of punching clipper tube 31 and exposed the surface, and connects pressure sensor 1 by cable 5 and center controls Device 8;
3) pressure data that remote controlled central controller 8 is received by the reception pressure sensor 1 of armored cable 5 The barometric pressure data measured with digital altimeter 6 obtains the tide level data in observation place marine site after subtracting each other;
4) tide level data received from remote controlled central controller 8 sends data to long-range clothes by data flow Business device, remote server include GPRS module, and GPRS module sends tide level data to specified mailbox with mail he;
5) backup computer is specified mailbox by data processing module automated log on mounted thereto and downloaded in mail Tide level data, data processing module are parsed to the tide level data of download and the time being resolved to and the numerical value of parameters It is added to the lane database of backup computer, receives tide level data information, first can ensures that data processing module can be simultaneously The tide level data information at multiple tidal level stations is handled, tide level data user of service second can be ensured in any place that can be surfed the Net Tidal level information can be received, the pressure data information that above-mentioned 5 steps are obtained, tide level data song is depicted as by special-purpose software Line is shown that the water surface quickly changes (burr) caused by the design of clipper tube has eliminated wave, final accurate output Tidal level information.
In a word, presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equalizations made according to scope of the present invention patent be the foregoing is only Change and modification, it should all belong to the covering scope of patent of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. intelligent remote real-time monitoring system, including pressure sensor (1), its feature with:Also include a plurality of clipper tube (3), Each clipper tube (3) is connected by flange (4), and clipper tube (3) external stability has water gauge piece (2), and pressure sensor (1) installation is in place In on the clipper tube (3) of bottom, in addition to solar power supply apparatus (7), digital altimeter (6) and central controller (8), too Positive energy electric supply installation (7) is powered to digital altimeter (6) and central controller (8), central controller (8) and pressure sensor (1) and digital altimeter (6) connects and the data that are transmitted to it carry out the tide level data that analysis draws observation place marine site, also wraps Remote server and backup computer are included, data processing module is included on backup computer, central controller (8) sends tide level data To remote server, tide level data is sent to backup computer by remote server by mail he, and backup computer receives tidal level Data are backed up and tide level data are analyzed by data processing module.
2. intelligent remote real-time monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:Clipper tube (3) includes being located at underwater The punching clipper tube (31) and the non-porous clipper tube (32) above the water surface of side.
3. intelligent remote real-time monitoring system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that:The tube wall of clipper tube (31) is punched perpendicular Nogata is provided with diameter 5mm~10mm hole (311) every 1000mm upwards, and adjacent holes (311) is positioned at punching wave absorption Manage the both sides of the axis of (31).
4. intelligent remote real-time monitoring system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that:In being provided with punching clipper tube (31) Manage (33), inner tube (33) is provided with a plurality of helicla flute (331) to cave inward, the spacing between helicla flute (331) be 20mm~ 40mm, the first hole (3311) and the second hole (3312), the first hole (3311) and the second hole (3312) are additionally provided with helicla flute (331) It is arranged at intervals in same helicla flute (331), a diameter of 5mm~7mm of the first hole (3311), the diameter of the second hole (3312) For 2mm~4mm.
5. intelligent remote real-time monitoring system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that:Set on the inwall of punching clipper tube (31) There is bulge loop (312), inner tube (33) is provided with the annular groove (332) coordinated with bulge loop (312).
6. intelligent remote real-time monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:Clipper tube (3) is distinguished by more root long degree Formed for 2000mm and 3000mm etch-proof 316 steel stainless steel tube connection.
7. intelligent remote real-time monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:The external diameter of water gauge piece (2) be 450mm~ 490mm, internal diameter are 430mm~470mm, and thickness is 7mm~13mm.
8. intelligent remote real-time monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:Pressure sensor (1) diameter is not more than 30mm。
9. intelligent tidal level remote real time monitoring is to the monitoring method of ocean tidal level, it is characterised in that:The method includes the steps of:
1) determine to need the total length of installation clipper tube (3) according to the tidal level excursion in place to be measured and determine to punch clipper tube (31) and non-porous clipper tube (32) quantity;
2) the punching clipper tube (31) determined and non-porous clipper tube (32) are connected and is erected at tidal level station placement, passed through Cable (5) connection pressure sensor (1) and central controller (8);
3) remote controlled central controller (8) by cable (5) receive pressure sensor (1) pressure data that receives with The barometric pressure data that digital altimeter (6) measures obtains the tide level data in observation place marine site after subtracting each other;
4) tide level data received from remote controlled central controller (8) sends data to remote service by data flow Device, remote server include GPRS module, and GPRS module sends tide level data to specified mailbox with mail he;
5) backup computer specifies mailbox by data processing module automated log on mounted thereto and downloads the tidal level in mail Data, data processing module are parsed to the tide level data of download and the numerical value for the time and parameters being resolved to are added To the lane database of backup computer.
CN201710385801.8A 2017-05-26 2017-05-26 Intelligent remote real-time monitoring system and its monitoring method to ocean tidal level Expired - Fee Related CN107421601B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110887547A (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-03-17 交通运输部南海航海保障中心广州海事测绘中心 Ocean tide level continuous monitoring device
CN112233387A (en) * 2020-10-12 2021-01-15 中国海洋大学 Coastal storm surge monitoring device and online monitoring and early warning system
CN114777850A (en) * 2022-06-21 2022-07-22 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 Coastal erosion and sea level real-time monitoring device and method

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102288258A (en) * 2011-05-16 2011-12-21 青岛滩海工程咨询研究院 System and method for remotely and automatically monitoring ocean sea levels in real time
CN203132652U (en) * 2013-03-22 2013-08-14 浙江省水文局 Simple water level table
CN205049202U (en) * 2015-10-13 2016-02-24 国家气候中心 Liquid level detector

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102288258A (en) * 2011-05-16 2011-12-21 青岛滩海工程咨询研究院 System and method for remotely and automatically monitoring ocean sea levels in real time
CN203132652U (en) * 2013-03-22 2013-08-14 浙江省水文局 Simple water level table
CN205049202U (en) * 2015-10-13 2016-02-24 国家气候中心 Liquid level detector

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110887547A (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-03-17 交通运输部南海航海保障中心广州海事测绘中心 Ocean tide level continuous monitoring device
CN112233387A (en) * 2020-10-12 2021-01-15 中国海洋大学 Coastal storm surge monitoring device and online monitoring and early warning system
CN114777850A (en) * 2022-06-21 2022-07-22 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 Coastal erosion and sea level real-time monitoring device and method

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