CN107418628B - annular air inlet biomass gasification furnace for feeding fuel from bottom to top - Google Patents
annular air inlet biomass gasification furnace for feeding fuel from bottom to top Download PDFInfo
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- CN107418628B CN107418628B CN201710373916.5A CN201710373916A CN107418628B CN 107418628 B CN107418628 B CN 107418628B CN 201710373916 A CN201710373916 A CN 201710373916A CN 107418628 B CN107418628 B CN 107418628B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/30—Fuel charging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/725—Redox processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
- F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C3/00—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/154—Pushing devices, e.g. pistons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
the invention discloses an annular air inlet biomass gasification furnace for feeding fuel from bottom to top, which is divided into a furnace mouth, a head hearth (6), a hearth (7) and a hearth feeding channel arranged at the bottom of the hearth (7) from top to bottom, and comprises: the lower air belt (9) is arranged around a hearth feeding channel below the bottom of the hearth and distributed annularly, a lower air belt air outlet hole (29) is formed in the section of the hearth feeding channel, one side of the lower air belt (9) is connected with a lower air belt valve (11), and the lower air belt valve (11), the lower air belt (9) and the lower air belt air outlet hole (29) form a lower ignition air belt air inlet channel; the utility model discloses a furnace feeding structure, including feed channel air inlet zone (27), the space between furnace feeding channel's bottom and feeding push pedal (30) is feed channel air inlet zone (27), and furnace feeding channel's bottom is equipped with feeding air inlet valve (34), is equipped with feeding push pedal exhaust vent (31) on feeding push pedal (30) the feeding direction, and feeding air inlet valve (34), feed channel air inlet zone (27) and feeding push pedal exhaust vent (31) form feed channel air inlet channel. The invention has stable feeding, air intake and flame, and smooth ignition and combustion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a household stove or range using solid fuel, and relates to an annular air inlet biomass gasification furnace with fuel fed from bottom to top.
Background
at present, a gasification furnace for pyrolysis of biomass fuel adopts upward blast from a furnace bridge or simultaneously blast into a hearth from the furnace bridge and the outer side of the hearth, and oxygen cannot uniformly enter the central position of the hearth to help combustion due to the fact that a feed port occupies the central position of the hearth, so that the temperature difference between the central part of a high-temperature layer of the fuel and the external temperature is too large (namely the temperature of the high-temperature layer of the fuel is not uniform), and the gasification effect is poor; if the blast volume is increased, the fuel slagging and the ash discharge are increased. Therefore, there is an important need for improvements in furnace intake devices, particularly for separate control of ignition intake and combustion intake.
Meanwhile, the fuel gas generated by the biomass gasification furnace generally needs to be burnt on a special furnace end after tar removal, impurity removal and moisture removal, and the biomass gasification furnace for directly burning the generated fuel gas does not need to be subjected to the processes of tar removal, impurity removal and moisture removal. However, if the gas is directly ignited at the gas outlet of the burner, the phenomenon of easy flameout exists, and the reasons are as follows: the biomass gasification furnace has a small opening, the gasification furnace works for a front period (about 30 minutes), the fuel gas contains a large amount of waste gas (such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapor and the like), the waste gas content in the unit volume of the gas outlet is too high, and the diameter of the fixed gas outlet cannot change the gas flow velocity under the cooling effect of the waste gas, so that the fuel gas has too high flow velocity and is difficult to ignite. If the furnace mouth is simply enlarged for ignition, the concentration of combustion firepower is influenced after the gas is normally combusted. Therefore, further improvement of the tuyere structure of the existing biomass gasification furnace is required.
secondly, the hearth feeding pipe of the existing biomass gasification furnace adopts a straight-barrel type feeding barrel, and has the defects that the friction force between fuel and the wall of the feeding barrel is large, and meanwhile, because the temperature of the hearth is high, moisture volatilized by high-temperature fuel is absorbed by low-temperature fuel in the feeding barrel to cause fuel expansion, so that the feeding resistance is increased; the bottom of the feed barrel is provided with a feed barrel air belt, the thickness of fuel in the feed barrel is gradually reduced in the feeding process, the resistance of the fuel to the air is reduced, the air quantity entering the hearth is increased, and the gasification state of the fuel in the hearth is directly influenced. Therefore, the furnace feed inlet of the existing biomass gasification furnace needs to be further improved.
disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an annular air inlet biomass gasification furnace for feeding fuel from bottom to top. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
An annular air inlet biomass gasification furnace for feeding fuel from bottom to top is divided into a furnace mouth, a head hearth, a hearth and a hearth feeding channel arranged at the bottom of the hearth from top to bottom,
The upper air belt is positioned at the upper end of the head hearth, the shape of the head hearth is in a horn shape with a small upper part and a large lower part, the upper air belt consists of an upper ignition air belt annular cover and a horn-shaped head hearth wall, one side of the upper ignition air belt annular cover is connected with an upper ignition air belt valve, an upper ignition air belt air outlet hole is formed in the head hearth wall in the upper air belt, and the upper ignition air belt valve, the upper ignition air belt annular cover and the upper ignition air belt air outlet hole form an upper ignition air belt air inlet channel; the gas outlet holes of the gas valve, the gas belt and the head hearth wall in the gas belt are arranged to form a gas channel.
The lower wind zone is arranged around the hearth feeding channel below the bottom of the hearth and is distributed annularly, a lower wind zone air outlet is formed in the section of the hearth feeding channel, one side of the lower wind zone is connected with a lower wind zone valve, and the lower wind zone valve, the lower wind zone and the lower wind zone air outlet form a lower ignition wind zone air inlet channel.
The space between the bottom of the hearth feeding channel and the feeding push plate is the feeding channel air inlet zone, the bottom of the hearth feeding channel is provided with a feeding air inlet valve, a feeding push plate air outlet is formed in the feeding direction of the feeding push plate, and the feeding air inlet valve, the feeding channel air inlet zone and the feeding push plate air outlet form a feeding channel air inlet channel.
Go out the fire door wind zone, go out the fire door wind zone and set up and be the annular distribution around the fire door, go out fire door wind zone one side and go out fire door wind zone valve and be connected, be equipped with fire door inlet channel on the fire door, fire door inlet channel's air-out direction is for the axle center direction of fire door upwards slope, goes out fire door wind zone valve, goes out fire door wind zone and fire door inlet channel and forms furnace end inlet channel.
The hearth feeding channel is characterized by comprising a hearth bottom air belt, wherein the hearth bottom air belt is arranged around a hearth feeding channel in the bottom of the hearth and distributed annularly, one side of the hearth bottom air belt is connected with an air belt valve, the hearth bottom air belt is upwards connected with a vertical air pipe, and an air hole or an air belt air outlet hole is not arranged on the section of the hearth feeding channel wall in the hearth bottom air belt; the air belt valve, the hearth bottom air belt and the vertical air pipe form an air inlet channel at the bottom of the hearth; or the air belt valve, the air belt at the bottom of the hearth, the air belt air outlet hole and the vertical air pipe form an air inlet channel at the bottom of the hearth.
The fire outlet air belt, the upper air belt, the hearth bottom air belt and the lower air belt form a biomass gasifier ignition air inlet device; or the ignition air inlet device is also provided with a material channel air inlet belt; during ignition, the air belts are all opened, so that after ignition, high temperature is quickly reached, gas is quickly generated, and normal combustion is facilitated as soon as possible; after normal combustion, closing the upper wind zone and the lower wind zone, or closing the air inlet zone of the feed channel;
the biomass gasification furnace combustion air inlet device is composed of a fire outlet air zone and a hearth bottom air zone.
The hearth feeding channel is divided into a feeding pipe and a feeding barrel, the upper part of the feeding barrel is connected with the lower part of the feeding pipe in a sliding mode, and feeding adopts a moving mode of firstly translating and then upwards; the feeding pipe is connected with the bottom of the hearth and extends into the hearth, and the upper pipe body of the feeding pipe or the whole pipe body of the feeding pipe is in a horn shape with a large upper part and a small lower part.
The vertical air pipes are arranged on an annular panel above an air belt at the bottom of the hearth and are uniformly distributed in a plurality of annular shapes, and the circumference of each annular distribution is concentric with the feeding pipe; the first circle of vertical air pipes close to the feeding pipe inclines towards the center of the feeding pipe.
Be equipped with the combination formula in the fire door structure and go out the burner, be equipped with a plurality of combination exhaust vents on the combination formula goes out the burner lateral wall, be equipped with out the burner bush in the combination formula goes out the burner, goes out burner bush inner wall and is big end down toper pipe wall, is equipped with the bush exhaust vent on going out the burner bush's the mantle wall or goes out the burner bush and forms the bush air outlet with the inner wall combination of going out the burner, and the air-out direction of bush exhaust vent or bush air outlet is tilt up for the axle center direction of toper pipe wall, and combination exhaust vent and bush exhaust vent or bush air outlet intercommunication form fire door inlet air channel.
The combined fire outlet adopts a cylindrical pipe orifice structure, the bottom of the cylindrical pipe orifice is an annular bottom, the upper annular surface of the annular bottom is a conical annular surface or a flat annular surface, the fire outlet lining adopts an air outlet lining with a lining air outlet hole on the wall, an annular groove, namely a lining air inlet groove, is arranged on the outer wall of the air outlet lining along the orifice position of the lining air outlet hole, and the combined air outlet hole, the lining air inlet groove and the lining air outlet hole form a furnace opening air inlet channel;
Or the combined fire outlet adopts a cylindrical pipe orifice structure, the bottom of the cylindrical pipe orifice is an annular bottom, the upper ring surface of the annular bottom is a conical ring surface, the fire outlet lining adopts an air outlet ring lining sleeve without an air outlet hole on the sleeve wall, an annular step groove, namely a lining air guide groove, is arranged on the outer wall of the air outlet ring lining sleeve along the outlet position of the combined air outlet hole, a gap is arranged between the bottom of the air outlet ring lining sleeve and the top end of the conical ring surface to form a lining air outlet, namely a lining air outlet ring, and the combined air outlet hole, the lining air guide groove and the lining air outlet ring form a furnace mouth air inlet channel.
The ignition air inlet is designed into a combined ignition air inlet system which consists of an upper air zone, a hearth bottom air zone and a lower air zone, and even a feed channel air inlet zone; the combustion air inlet consists of a fire outlet air belt and a hearth bottom air belt.
The upper wind band can provide enough oxygen required by ignition of fuel gas, and the upper wind band is a wind band required by ignition for ignition of the fuel surface;
The air belts at the bottom of the hearth are distributed annularly and the combustion air outlet pipes are inclined towards the center of the hearth, so that enough oxygen is obtained at the center of a fuel combustion layer; the lower wind zone is arranged or a plurality of annularly distributed air outlet holes of the feeding push plate are arranged at the position close to the center of the feeding push plate and used for blowing air to the middle part of the fuel of the combustion layer, so that the middle part of the fuel of the combustion layer can obtain enough oxygen.
the downwind zone can provide more ignition oxygen, so that the ignition time is shortened;
When the air belt of the fire outlet is gasified normally, the fire outlet is in an anoxic state to provide oxygen required by combustion of the fuel gas, so that the fuel gas and the oxygen can be fully mixed and combusted;
the fire outlet lining is adopted, the inner wall of the fire outlet lining is a conical pipe wall with a small upper part and a large lower part, so that the flame temperature is improved, and the caliber of the combined furnace mouth is variable, so that the unit volume of the furnace mouth has lower waste gas content in large caliber, the gas can be ignited (namely the gas can be used when being impure), the ignition time is shortened, and the energy saving rate of the furnace is improved. The flame temperature at the furnace mouth is improved when the diameter is small. The air outlet direction of the furnace mouth air inlet channel is inclined upwards relative to the axis direction of the furnace mouth, and the furnace mouth air inlet channel has an injection effect on the gas in the hearth.
The design that the shape of the hearth feeding channel is a horn shape with a large upper part and a small lower part is adopted, so that the friction force between the fuel and the feeding channel in the feeding process can be reduced; in the combustion process of the stove, the temperature of the fuel rises, the discharged water vapor is absorbed by the low-temperature fuel in the feed pipe to cause the expansion of the fuel, the friction force between the fuel and the feed pipe is increased, the original straight cylinder design is adopted, and the material can be blocked in serious cases.
the design of the conical barrel with the head hearth small at the top and large at the bottom is adopted, so that the working temperature of a fuel reduction layer can be increased, and the fuel gasification efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a combined furnace mouth structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of another combined furnace mouth structure of the invention.
In the figure: a fire outlet air belt 1, an igniter 2, an upper air belt 3, a gas belt 4, a gas belt air outlet 5, a head furnace 6, a furnace 7, a furnace bottom air belt 8, a lower air belt 9, a feeding pipe 10, a lower air belt valve 11, an air belt valve 12, a gas valve 13, an upper ignition air belt valve 14, a material level sensing rod 15, a material level sensor 16, a sealing spring 17, a sealing sheet 18, a material level sensing plate 19, a fire outlet air belt valve 20, a fire outlet air belt air outlet 21-1, a combined air outlet 21-2, an integrated fire outlet 22-1, a combined fire outlet 22-2, a ventilating mesh 23, an upper ignition air belt air outlet 24, a vertical air pipe 25, a discharging port 26, a material channel air inlet belt 27, an air belt air outlet 28, a lower air belt air outlet 29, a feeding push plate 30, a feeding push plate air outlet 31, a feeding push rod 32 and a feeding barrel 33, the device comprises a feeding air inlet valve 34, an air outlet hole bushing 35-1, an air outlet ring bushing 35-2, a bushing air outlet hole 36, a bushing air inlet groove 37-1, a bushing air guide groove 37-2, a bushing air outlet ring 38, a circular line knife edge 39 and a fire outlet sleeve lifting lug 40.
Detailed Description
The present invention can be embodied by the technical solutions in the summary of the invention, and the present invention can be further described by the following examples, however, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
example 1:
A plurality of annularly distributed feeding push plate air outlet holes 31 are formed in the position close to the center of the feeding push plate 30 and used for blowing air to the middle of the fuel of a combustion layer so that enough oxygen is obtained in the middle of the fuel of the combustion layer; the feeding push plate 30 is connected with the feeding push rod 32, the feeding push rod 32 is movably connected with the feeding barrel 33, the feeding push plate 30 is movably connected with the feeding barrel 33, the feeding air inlet valve 34 is connected with the feeding barrel 33, and the feeding air inlet valve 34, the inner wall of the feeding barrel 33 and the feeding push plate air outlet 31 form a feeding channel air inlet belt 27.
The upper part of the feed barrel 33 is connected with the lower part of the feed pipe 10; the shape of the feeding pipe 10 is big at the top and small at the bottom, which is beneficial to pushing fuel to a hearth and also can prevent the fuel from blocking due to thermal expansion; the feeding pipe 10 penetrates through the lower air belt 9 and the hearth bottom air belt 8 to be connected with the bottom of the hearth 7, a plurality of air belt air outlet holes 28 and lower air belt air outlet holes 29 which are distributed annularly and on the same horizontal plane are radially formed in the annular side face of the feeding pipe 10, and air blowing at the central position of a combustion layer is more uniform due to the air belt air outlet holes 28. The lower wind belt 9 and the furnace bottom wind belt 8 are respectively connected with a lower wind belt valve 11 and a wind belt valve 12. The vertical air pipes 25 are arranged on an annular panel above the air belt 8 at the bottom of the hearth and are uniformly distributed in a plurality of annular shapes, and the circumference of each annular distribution is concentric with the feeding pipe 10; the first vertical flue 25 near the feed pipe 10 is inclined towards the center of the feed pipe 10 in order to increase the oxygen required for the combustion of the fuel in the central part of the furnace.
The downdraft zone 9 and the duct intake zone 27 are generally not simultaneously disposed, and need only be disposed simultaneously when there is a sufficient amount of feed. Or the cross section area of the feeding cylinder is larger, and the feeding cylinder are required to be arranged at the same time.
The hearth 7 is connected with the head hearth 6, the head hearth 6 is connected with the bottom of the outer side of the fire outlet air zone 1, and the head hearth 6 is a conical barrel with a small upper part and a large lower part so as to keep the heat contained in the reduction layer fuel in unit volume and enable the fuel reduction layer to work more stably. The inner side of the fire outlet air belt 1 is connected with an integral fire outlet 22-1 or a combined fire outlet 22-2, the annular side surface of the integral fire outlet 22-1 or the combined fire outlet 22-2 is radially provided with fire outlet air belt air outlet holes 21-1 or combined air outlet holes 21-2 which are annularly distributed and distributed on the same horizontal plane, the air outlet direction of the fire outlet air belt air outlet holes 21-1 or lining air outlet holes 36 or lining air outlet rings 38 is inclined upwards relative to the axis direction of the fire outlet, so that negative pressure is generated in the area below the fire outlet, and gas in the hearth is injected above the fire outlet. The air outlet hole bushing 35-1 or the air outlet ring bushing 35-2 is blasted through the bushing air inlet groove 37-1 or the bushing air guide groove 37-2. The circular line knife edge 39 in the combined fire outlet 22-2 plays a role of sealing air, and the fire outlet sleeve lifting lug 40 is used for extracting the air hole bushing 35-1 or the air outlet ring bushing 35-2. The inner walls of the integral fire outlet 22-1 or the air outlet hole bushing 35-1 or the air outlet ring bushing 35-2 are small at the top and large at the bottom, so that flame sprayed out of the fire outlet is more concentrated, the temperature of the flame is higher, and the flame cannot fly towards the excircle direction of the fire outlet.
the fire outlet air belt valve 20 is connected with the outer side of the fire outlet air belt 1, the inner sides of the upper air belt 3 and the gas belt 4 are respectively connected with the outer side of the head hearth 6, and the positions of the outer side of the head hearth 6, which correspond to the inner sides of the upper air belt 3 and the gas belt 4, are respectively and radially provided with gas belt air outlets 5 and upper ignition air belt air outlets 24 which are annularly distributed and distributed on the same horizontal plane. The upper air belt 3 and the gas belt 4 are respectively connected with an upper ignition air belt valve 14 and a gas valve 13; the igniter 2 penetrates into the head hearth 6 from the lower part of the fire outlet air belt 1 and the upper part of the upper air belt 3 and is connected with the head hearth 6.
Material level response pole 15 from going out in the fire door wind zone 1 below and the windward 3 tops penetrate head furnace 6 to be connected with material level tablet 19, material level response pole 15 and 6 swing joint of head furnace, but material level response pole 15 luffing motion, material level inductor 16 is connected and is close to material level response pole 15 top with the 6 outsides of head furnace, gasket 18, sealing spring 17 are connected with material level response pole 15 is concentric respectively, in order to guarantee that gaseous not toward leaking outward in the furnace. The material level sensing plate 19 is positioned on the surface of the top of the fuel with a set height and is concentric with the cross section of the hearth, and the material level sensing plate 19, the material level sensing rod 15 and the material level sensor 16 form an automatic material level (detection) control device; the material level sensing plate 19 is provided with air-permeable meshes 23 which are uniformly distributed, so that combustible gas generated by fuel can move towards a fire outlet; because the gravity action of the material level sensing plate 19 increases the fuel stacking density in the hearth 7, the gaps among fuel particles are reduced, and the ash discharge is reduced.
The biomass gasification furnace is provided with an ignition air inlet device and a combustion air inlet device; the combined ignition air inlet system consists of an upper air zone, a hearth bottom air zone, a lower air zone and even a feed channel air inlet zone; the combustion air inlet consists of a fire outlet air belt and a hearth bottom air belt.
Ignition air inlet device:
the upper ignition wind brings an air inlet channel: an upper air belt 3 and a gas belt 4 are arranged on the outer wall of the head hearth below the igniter 2, an upper ignition air belt annular cover is connected with the outer wall of the head hearth at the connecting part to form the upper air belt 3, and the upper air belt 3 is connected with an upper ignition air belt valve 14; the gas belt annular cover is connected with the outer wall of the head hearth at the connecting part to form a gas belt 4, the gas belt 4 is connected with a gas valve 13, and the outer wall of the head hearth at the connecting part with the upper ignition wind belt annular cover and the gas belt annular cover is respectively provided with an upper ignition wind belt air outlet hole 24 and a gas belt air outlet hole 5.
Furnace bottom wind zone 8, furnace bottom wind zone 8 sets up in the furnace bottom, is annular distribution around the furnace inlet pipe, erects vertical tuber pipe 25 and installs and be a plurality of annular evenly distributed on the upper annular panel of furnace bottom wind zone 8, and every annular distribution place circumference is concentric with the furnace inlet pipe. The first circle of vertical air pipes 25 close to the hearth feeding pipe inclines towards the center direction of the hearth feeding pipe; the pipe wall of the hearth feeding pipe connected with the air belt 8 at the bottom of the hearth is provided with a plurality of air belt air outlet holes 28;
a lower air belt 9 is arranged around the feeding pipe 10 below the bottom of the hearth, the lower air belt 9 is communicated with the feeding pipe 10 through a lower air belt air outlet hole 29 arranged on the feeding pipe 10, and one side of the lower air belt 9 is connected with a lower air belt valve 11; the pipe wall of the part of the feeding pipe 10 extending into the hearth is provided with a wind belt air outlet 28;
a material channel air inlet belt 27 is arranged around the lowest part of the feeding barrel 33 (which must be always kept below the feeding push plate 30 to ensure that the feeding push plate air outlet 31 plays a role), the feeding barrel 33 is connected with a feeding air inlet valve 34, the feeding push rod 32 is slidably connected with the bottom of the feeding barrel 33, a sealing ring is arranged at the sliding connection part, and the feeding push plate 30 is provided with the feeding push plate air outlet 31.
The feeding air inlet valve 34, the inner wall of the feeding barrel 33 and the feeding push plate air outlet 31 form a feeding channel air inlet belt 27.
the combustion air inlet device:
the furnace mouth air inlet channel is provided with an integral air inlet device or a combined air inlet device:
The integral air inlet device is characterized in that a plurality of fire outlet air belt air outlet holes 21-1 are formed in the side wall of an integral fire outlet 22-1, the air outlet direction of the fire outlet air belt air outlet holes 21-1 is inclined upwards relative to the axis direction of the conical pipe orifice, and a fire outlet air belt 1 is arranged on the periphery of the side wall of the integral fire outlet 22-1; the fire outlet air belt cover is connected with the upper end cover of the head hearth to form a fire outlet air belt 1, and the fire outlet air belt cover is connected with a fire outlet air belt valve 20; the fire outlet of the integral fire outlet can not be changed, so that the ignition time is long and the difficulty is high.
The combined air inlet device is characterized in that a plurality of combined air outlet holes 21-2 are formed in the side wall of a combined fire outlet 22-2, a fire outlet lining is arranged in the combined fire outlet 22-2, the inner wall of the fire outlet lining is a conical pipe wall with a small upper part and a large lower part, a lining air outlet hole is formed in the wall of the fire outlet lining or the fire outlet lining and the inner wall of the fire outlet 22-2 form a lining air outlet, the air outlet direction of the lining air outlet hole or the lining air outlet is inclined upwards relative to the axis direction of the conical pipe wall, the combined air outlet holes 21-2 are communicated with the lining air outlet holes or the lining air outlet, and a fire outlet air belt 1 is arranged on the periphery of the side wall of the combined; the fire outlet air belt cover is connected with the upper end cover of the head hearth to form a fire outlet air belt 1, and the fire outlet air belt cover is connected with a fire outlet air belt valve 20;
The material level sensing plate 19 is provided with air-permeable meshes 23 which are uniformly distributed;
When the stove starts to work, all valves are closed, if the combined fire outlet 22-2 is used, the air outlet hole bushing 35-1 or the air outlet ring bushing 35-2 is removed, and the half-moon-shaped fire outlet sleeve lifting lug 40 is arranged on the air outlet hole bushing 35-1 and the air outlet ring bushing 35-2 and is movably connected through a round pin. The reason is that when the fuel does not enter a normal gasification state, the flame contains a large amount of waste gas, and the flame temperature can be reduced and even the flame is extinguished during the oxygen-adding combustion, so the size of the fire outlet needs to be enlarged, the amount of waste gas contained in the flame in unit volume is reduced, the flame can be normally used, and the time from ignition to normal use of the stove is shortened. After the fuel is gasified normally, the flame outlet sleeve is added, so that the flame is more concentrated and the temperature is higher.
The feed mechanism begins to work, and feed mechanism drives feeding push rod 32, the upward movement of feeding push pedal 30, and in the feed bucket 33 fuel got into inlet pipe 10, fuel got into furnace 7 from discharge gate 26 in the inlet pipe 10 until the material level rises to the plane position of 19 below of material level tablet in the head furnace 6, because the effect of feeding thrust, fuel was by jack-up upwards material level tablet 19, and material level tablet 19 drives the swing of material level tablet 15. When the distance between the end of the level sensing rod 15 and the level sensor 16 reaches a set control distance, the level sensor 16 controls the feeding device to stop feeding. At the moment, a feeding air inlet valve 34, a lower air belt valve 11, an air belt valve 12, a gas valve 13, an upper ignition air belt valve 14 and a fire outlet air belt valve 20 are opened, and air of the air blower blows the hearth 7 and the inside through a fire outlet air belt air outlet hole 21-1 or a combined air outlet hole 21-2, an upper ignition air belt air outlet hole 24, a head-burning hearth 6 air burning pipe 25, an air belt air outlet hole 28, a lower air belt air outlet hole 29 and a feeding push plate air outlet hole 31; the gas needed by ignition enters the head hearth 6 through the gas outlet 5. Then, the igniter 2 is activated, the gas and the air are mixed in the head furnace 6 and ignited, and the igniter 2 is closed.
The fuel is then also gradually ignited. Under the blast action of the upper ignition air belt air outlet 24, the vertical air pipe 25, the air belt air outlet 28, the lower air belt air outlet 29 and the feeding push plate air outlet 31, the fuel is combusted from top to bottom. When the upper surface fuel in the hearth is fully ignited, the gas valve 13 is closed through the timer. When the combustion layer reaches the position of the discharge hole 26, the stove enters a normal gasification working state, at the moment, the lower wind band valve 11, the upper ignition wind band valve 14 and the feeding wind band valve 34 are closed through a timer, and the air outlet hole bushing 35-1 or the air outlet ring bushing 35-2 is installed. Because the first circle of the vertical air pipes 25 close to the feeding pipe 10 inclines towards the center direction of the feeding pipe 10, the central part of the fuel combustion layer obtains enough oxygen to participate in combustion, and the thickness and the temperature of the combustion layer are kept stable. The flame jet speed, flame height and flame temperature can be adjusted by adjusting the fire outlet wind belt valve 20. When fuel consumption is a certain amount, the material level is reduced, and the material level sensing plate 19 sinks, so that the material level sensing rod 15 is driven to start the material level sensor 16, the feeding mechanism is controlled to feed materials to the hearth, and the purposes of automatic feeding and normal continuous work of the stove are achieved.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an annular air inlet biomass gasification stove of fuel pay-off from bottom to top, it is from last to divide into furnace mouth, head furnace (6), furnace (7) and the furnace feedstock channel that furnace (7) bottom was equipped with down, and it includes its characterized in that:
the upper air belt (3) is positioned at the upper end of the head hearth (6), the head hearth (6) is in a horn shape with a small upper part and a large lower part, the upper air belt (3) is composed of an upper ignition air belt annular cover and a horn-shaped head hearth wall, one side of the upper ignition air belt annular cover is connected with an upper ignition air belt valve (14), an upper ignition air belt air outlet hole (24) is formed in the head hearth wall in the upper air belt (3), and the upper ignition air belt inlet channel is formed by the upper ignition air belt annular cover, the upper ignition air belt annular cover and the upper ignition air belt air outlet hole (24);
the lower air belt (9) is arranged around a hearth feeding channel below the bottom of the hearth and distributed annularly, a lower air belt air outlet hole (29) is formed in the section of the hearth feeding channel, one side of the lower air belt (9) is connected with a lower air belt valve (11), and the lower air belt valve (11), the lower air belt (9) and the lower air belt air outlet hole (29) form a lower ignition air belt air inlet channel;
the feeding channel air inlet belt (27), the space between the bottom of the hearth feeding channel and the feeding push plate (30) is the feeding channel air inlet belt (27), the bottom of the hearth feeding channel is provided with a feeding air inlet valve (34), a feeding push plate air outlet hole (31) is formed in the feeding direction of the feeding push plate (30), and the feeding air inlet valve (34), the feeding channel air inlet belt (27) and the feeding push plate air outlet hole (31) form the feeding channel air inlet channel;
The fire outlet air belt (1), the fire outlet air belt (1) is arranged around the furnace mouth in an annular distribution, one side of the fire outlet air belt (1) is connected with a fire outlet air belt valve (20), a furnace mouth air inlet channel is arranged on the furnace mouth, the air outlet direction of the furnace mouth air inlet channel is inclined upwards relative to the axis direction of the furnace mouth, and the fire outlet air belt valve (20), the fire outlet air belt (1) and the furnace mouth air inlet channel form a furnace end air inlet channel;
the hearth feeding channel is characterized by comprising hearth bottom air belts (8), the hearth bottom air belts (8) are arranged around a hearth feeding channel in the bottom of the hearth and are distributed annularly, one side of each hearth bottom air belt (8) is connected with an air belt valve (12), the hearth bottom air belt (8) is upwards connected with a vertical air pipe (25), and an air hole or an air belt air outlet hole (28) is not arranged on the section of the hearth feeding channel wall in each hearth bottom air belt (8); the air belt valve (12), the hearth bottom air belt (8) and the vertical air pipe 25 form an air inlet channel at the bottom of the hearth; or the air belt valve (12), the hearth bottom air belt (8), the air belt air outlet hole (28) and the vertical air pipe (25) form an air inlet channel at the bottom of the hearth.
2. The annular air inlet biomass gasification furnace with the fuel fed from bottom to top according to claim 1, characterized in that an air inlet ignition device of the biomass gasification furnace is composed of a fire outlet air zone (1), an upper air zone (3), a hearth bottom air zone (8) and a lower air zone (9); or the ignition air inlet device is also provided with a feed channel air inlet belt (27);
The fire outlet air zone (1) and the hearth bottom air zone (8) form a biomass gasification furnace combustion air inlet device.
3. The biomass gasification furnace with annular air inlet and fuel fed from bottom to top according to claim 1, wherein the hearth feed channel is divided into a feed pipe (10) and a feed barrel (33), the upper part of the feed barrel (33) is connected with the lower part of the feed pipe (10) in a sliding way, and the feeding adopts a movement mode of firstly translating and then upwards; the feeding pipe (10) is connected with the bottom of the hearth and extends into the hearth, and the upper pipe body of the feeding pipe (10) or the whole pipe body of the feeding pipe (10) is in a horn shape with a large upper part and a small lower part.
4. The biomass gasification furnace with annular air inlet and fuel fed from bottom to top according to claim 2, characterized in that the vertical air pipes (25) are installed on the annular panel above the air belt (8) at the bottom of the hearth and are uniformly distributed in a plurality of annular shapes, and the circumference of each annular distribution is concentric with the feeding pipe (10); the first circle of vertical air pipes (25) close to the feeding pipe (10) inclines towards the center direction of the feeding pipe (10).
5. The biomass gasification furnace with annular air inlet for feeding fuel from bottom to top according to claim 1, wherein a combined fire outlet (22-2) is arranged in the furnace mouth, a plurality of combined air outlet holes (21-2) are arranged on the side wall of the combined fire outlet (22-2), a fire outlet lining is arranged in the combined fire outlet (22-2), the inner wall of the fire outlet lining is a tapered pipe wall with a small top and a large bottom, a lining air outlet hole or the combination of the fire outlet lining and the inner wall of the fire outlet (22-2) forms a lining air outlet, the air outlet direction of the lining air outlet hole or the lining air outlet is inclined upwards relative to the axis direction of the tapered pipe wall, and the combined air outlet hole (21-2) is communicated with the lining air outlet hole or the lining air outlet to form a furnace mouth air inlet channel.
6. the biomass gasification furnace with annular air inlet for feeding fuel from bottom to top according to claim 5, characterized in that the combined fire outlet (22-2) adopts a cylindrical pipe orifice structure, the bottom of the cylindrical pipe orifice is an annular bottom, the upper ring surface of the annular bottom is a conical ring surface or a flat ring surface, the fire outlet lining adopts an air outlet lining (35-1) with lining air outlet holes (36) on the wall, the outer wall of the air outlet lining (35-1) is provided with an annular groove, namely a lining air inlet groove (37-1), along the orifice position of the lining air outlet holes (36), the combined air outlet (21-2), the lining air inlet groove (37-1) and the lining air outlet holes (36) form a furnace opening air inlet channel;
Or the combined fire outlet (22-2) adopts a cylindrical pipe orifice structure, the bottom of the cylindrical pipe orifice is an annular bottom, the upper annular surface of the annular bottom is a conical annular surface, the fire outlet bushing adopts an air outlet ring bushing (35-2) without an air outlet hole on the bushing wall, an annular step groove, namely a bushing air guide groove (37-2), is arranged on the outer wall of the air outlet ring bushing (35-2) along the outlet position of the combined air outlet hole (21-2), a gap is arranged between the bottom of the air outlet ring bushing (35-2) and the top end of the conical annular surface to form a bushing air outlet, namely a bushing air outlet ring (38), and the combined air outlet hole (21-2), the bushing air guide groove (37-2) and the bushing air outlet ring (38) form a furnace mouth air inlet channel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710373916.5A CN107418628B (en) | 2014-12-28 | 2014-12-28 | annular air inlet biomass gasification furnace for feeding fuel from bottom to top |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710373916.5A CN107418628B (en) | 2014-12-28 | 2014-12-28 | annular air inlet biomass gasification furnace for feeding fuel from bottom to top |
| CN201410825670.7A CN104498094B (en) | 2014-12-28 | 2014-12-28 | A kind of biomass gasifying furnace of fuel feeding from bottom to top |
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| CN201410825670.7A Division CN104498094B (en) | 2014-12-28 | 2014-12-28 | A kind of biomass gasifying furnace of fuel feeding from bottom to top |
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| CN107418628B true CN107418628B (en) | 2019-12-06 |
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| CN201710373413.8A Pending CN107099335A (en) | 2014-12-28 | 2014-12-28 | A kind of wind belt biomass gasifying furnace of fuel feeding from bottom to top |
| CN201710373905.7A Active CN106995723B (en) | 2014-12-28 | 2014-12-28 | A kind of cyclic annular outlet air biomass gasifying furnace of fuel feeding from bottom to top |
| CN201710373916.5A Active CN107418628B (en) | 2014-12-28 | 2014-12-28 | annular air inlet biomass gasification furnace for feeding fuel from bottom to top |
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| CN201710373413.8A Pending CN107099335A (en) | 2014-12-28 | 2014-12-28 | A kind of wind belt biomass gasifying furnace of fuel feeding from bottom to top |
| CN201710373905.7A Active CN106995723B (en) | 2014-12-28 | 2014-12-28 | A kind of cyclic annular outlet air biomass gasifying furnace of fuel feeding from bottom to top |
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- 2014-12-28 CN CN201410825670.7A patent/CN104498094B/en active Active
- 2014-12-28 CN CN201710373413.8A patent/CN107099335A/en active Pending
- 2014-12-28 CN CN201710373905.7A patent/CN106995723B/en active Active
- 2014-12-28 CN CN201710373916.5A patent/CN107418628B/en active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106995723B (en) | 2019-12-03 |
| CN104498094A (en) | 2015-04-08 |
| CN107418628A (en) | 2017-12-01 |
| CN104498094B (en) | 2017-08-01 |
| CN106995723A (en) | 2017-08-01 |
| CN107099335A (en) | 2017-08-29 |
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