CN107417401A - A kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew - Google Patents
A kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew Download PDFInfo
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- CN107417401A CN107417401A CN201710722767.9A CN201710722767A CN107417401A CN 107417401 A CN107417401 A CN 107417401A CN 201710722767 A CN201710722767 A CN 201710722767A CN 107417401 A CN107417401 A CN 107417401A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew, including following raw material：Extracts of Chinese herbal medicine, protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, earthworm hydrolyzate；The extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is that yellow cinnamon leaf, Chinese littleleaf box leaf, leaf of locust, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, frutus cnidii, airpotato yam mix by a certain percentage, the liquid obtained with alcohol steep；The protein enzymatic hydrolyzate is using solids isolated after above-mentioned alcohol steep Chinese herbal medicine as raw material, and the liquid that wherein protein obtains is decomposed with neutral protein enzyme preparation；The earthworm hydrolyzate is the liquid obtained under certain condition from hydrolysis after earthworm is mixed with deionized water.Foliar fertilizer of the present invention is rich in active substance of plant, is sprayed by application process of the present invention, can not only significantly reduce the vegetables powdery mildew incidence of disease, Pesticide use amount is reduced, can also effectively facilitate vegetable growth, improving quality, yield is improved, there is significant society, economy and environmental benefit.By field plot trial, good preventing disease production-increasing effect is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew.
Background technology
Powdery mildew is the plant pathogenic fungi of specialization, belongs to Ascomycotina gang pyrenomycetes Erysiphales Erysiphaceae, is mostly
Ectoparasitism, mycelium is all or big portion is exposed to the surface of the leaf of host plant, stem, tender tip, bud, flower and fruit, and produces
The macroscopic white powder thing being largely made up of mycelium, conidiophore and conidium.After powdery mildew occurs, host
Aggrieved position growth is suppressed, and it is dried-up to last complete stool withered spot occur.Disease later stage, the white powder being made up of mycelia and conidium
In the mould layer of shape, often there is the granular cleistothecium of many scattered black, and survived the winter with this, secondary spring with ascospore just invade
Dye.Because powdery mildew is multicycle fungal disease, short incubation period, a season of growth can breed more generations, and breeding potential is high,
Caused spore can be propagated on a large scale by air, and be repeated several times infect host, make blade, petiole, vines and fruit by
Infection, the normal growth and development of crops is had a strong impact on, reduce the yield and quality of crops.For a long time, production Shang pair
The main method for taking Agro-chemicals control and breeding resistant variety of preventing and treating of powdery mildew, the former easily causes residual hazard and environment is dirty
Dye, and different degrees of degeneration often easily occurs in use for the resistance of disease-resistant variety.Therefore, it is badly in need of in production practices
Safely and effectively powdery mildew Control Technology.
Chinese patent application 106172546A, disclose a kind of crop powdery mildew herbal control agent and its preparation side
Method, including following components：White wine, sugarcane tail, sweet wormwood, tea seed cake, crow garlic, fiery sesame slices, bajiao banana, garlic, dried peppermint leaf, cassia twig,
Desmodium, cordate houttuynia, beggar-ticks, San Cheong, radix bupleuri, purple perilla, lophatherum gracile, fragrant India；Its preparation method is：By weighing medium-height grass
Medicine, after being mixed, crushing, boiling twice is carried out, take filtrate, quality inspection packaging is got product, and the control agent of the invention has suppression
Bacterium, biocidal efficacies, can effectively prevent and treat powdery mildew, but the Chinese herbal medicine waste residue after boiling directly abandons, the bioactivity in waste residue into
Point do not utilize effectively, not only waste of resource but also polluted environment.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Chinese herbal medicine blade face for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew
Fertilizer, effectively solve pathogen in the prior art develop immunity to drugs, food security and the problems such as Environment Ecological Safe, while significantly drop
The low vegetables powdery mildew incidence of disease, promote vegetable growth, improving quality, improve yield, there is significant society, economy and Environmental Effect
Benefit.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew, include the raw material of following weight parts：Extracts of Chinese herbal medicine
10~30 parts, 15~25 parts of protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, 15~55 parts of earthworm hydrolyzate；
Wherein, the extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is that yellow cinnamon leaf, Chinese littleleaf box leaf, leaf of locust, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, frutus cnidii, airpotato yam press matter
It is (3~7) to measure ratio：(1~4)：(2~5)：(1~4)：(1~4)：(1~3) after mixing, the liquid that is obtained with alcohol steep；Institute
It is using solids isolated after above-mentioned alcohol steep Chinese herbal medicine as raw material to state protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, utilizes neutral protein enzyme preparation
Decompose the liquid that protein therein obtains；The earthworm hydrolyzate is after earthworm is mixed with deionized water, in certain condition
Under the liquid that is obtained from hydrolysis.
Preferably, a kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew, the raw material of following weight parts are included：Chinese herbal medicine
17 parts of extract solution, 20 parts of protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, 38 parts of earthworm hydrolyzate；
Wherein, the extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is that yellow cinnamon leaf, Chinese littleleaf box leaf, leaf of locust, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, frutus cnidii, airpotato yam press matter
Amount is than being 6：3：5：3：4：After 1 mixing, the liquid that is obtained with alcohol steep；The protein enzymatic hydrolyzate is with above-mentioned alcohol steep
Isolated solids is raw material after herbal medicine, the liquid obtained using neutral protein enzyme preparation decomposition protein therein；Institute
It is the liquid obtained under certain condition from hydrolysis after earthworm is mixed with deionized water to state earthworm hydrolyzate.
Preferably, the preparation method of the extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is：(1) it is grey that yellow cinnamon leaf, Chinese littleleaf box leaf, leaf of locust, mountain are weighed
Son, frutus cnidii, airpotato yam, constant weight is dried to through 45 DEG C, after being ground into 20~40 mesh powder, mixed in mass ratio；(2) quality is pressed
Volume ratio is 1：The ethanol that volumetric concentration is 60~70%, immersion 60 are added in compound obtained by 2~5 ratio to step (1)
~120min, 30min then is ultrasonically treated under the conditions of 40~55 DEG C, power 150W, filtered, filter residue is standby, and filtrate is medium-height grass
Medicament extracting solution.
Preferably, the preparation method of the protein enzymatic hydrolyzate is：Isolated filter residue after alcohol steep Chinese herbal medicine is taken, with
Water is 1 by mass volume ratio (g/mL)：1~4 mixes, and adjustment pH value to 6.5~7.5, adds Chinese herbal medicine filter residue weight 1~2%
Neutral proteinase, stir 5min, under the conditions of 30~55 DEG C place 1.5~3h, during which every half an hour stirring once, every time
3min, filtered after terminating, filtrate is protein enzymatic hydrolyzate.
Preferably, the preparation method of the earthworm hydrolyzate is：(1) after taking fresh and alive earthworm to be washed with deionized water only, put
Enter in high-speed tissue mashing machine and smash to pieces；(2) it is 1 by the mass ratio of earthworm and water：1~3 adds deionized water, is put into after mixing
In reactor, the watery hydrochloric acid for being 0.02mol/L with concentration adjusts pH value of solution to 6~8, and self-dissolving is carried out at a temperature of 53~58 DEG C
Hydrolysis, hydrolysis time is 49~53h；(3) it will be put into from the complete mixture of hydrolysis in centrifuge, be 4000 in centrifugal rotational speed
22~28min is centrifuged under conditions of~5000r/min, takes supernatant, as earthworm hydrolyzate.
Preferably, a kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew, the raw material of following weight parts are included：New peak
1~13 part of adipose membrane, 1~5 part of wetting agent, 1~5 part of dispersant, 0.01~0.04 part of preservative.
Preferably, a kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew, the raw material of following weight parts are included：New peak fat
8 parts of film, 4 parts of wetting agent, 4 parts of dispersant, 0.03 part of preservative.
Preferably, a kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew, the preservative is ethyl-para-hydroxybenzoate
Or one of potassium sorbate or combination.
The present invention also provides a kind of application process for the Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew, i.e. prevents described
The Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for controlling vegetables powdery mildew is diluted with water to 7~16 mass times, in being sprayed in the vegetable growth phase in vacuum side of blade,
Even spray 3~7 times, it is spaced 10~20 days.
Each composition mechanism of action of the present invention is as follows：
Yellow cinnamon leaf：Cinnamomum camphora system Lauraceae Cinnamomum aiphyllium, is one of chief species of Subtropic of China evergreen broadleaf forest,
It is conventional fragrant green tree species, resource very abundant.Leaf of Cortex cinnamomi camphorae has strong aromatic odor, containing abundant in its extract
Flavonoids and terpene alcohol compound, the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of mycelia can be destroyed, there is antibacterium, antimycotic and antiviral work
With.
Chinese littleleaf box leaf：Chinese littleleaf box is Buxaceae Chinese littleleaf box platymiscium, and southern each province is mainly distributed in China.Triterpene is rich in Chinese littleleaf box
The bioactive substances such as class, flavonoids, alkaloids, there is antibacterial action.Secondly, Chinese littleleaf box is also containing crude fat, moisture, thick fibre
The mineral element such as the multiple nutritional components such as dimension, ash content, protein, total reducing sugar, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, vitamin
17 kinds of amino acid such as B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, aspartic acid, serine, histidine, threonine.
Leaf of locust：Locust tree is also known as acacia, belongs to pulse family Papillionoideae robinia, deciduous tree, originates in the U.S., early 20th century
China is introduced, has large area to plant extensively in 24 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions.China's locust tree aboundresources, the coastal newly-ploughed beach of major part
Area is applied, reproducting tree species are almost locust trees.Leaf of locust is rich in nutritional ingredient and tannin, robinins such as protein, fiber, calcium, phosphorus
Isoreactivity composition, therefore, not only nutritive value enriches leaf of locust, also with significant bacteriostasis.
The fruit of a cubeb litsea tree：The fruit of a cubeb litsea tree is the perennial shrub or arbor of Lauraceae Litsea, alias lindera glauca, Litsea pungens, main product
It is the important Forest by-product and speciality aromatic oil plant resource in China on the south China Yangtze river basin and south east asia.The fruit of a cubeb litsea tree contains
Citral, limonene, methyl heptenone, linalool, geraniol, firpene isoreactivity composition, have preferably anti-oxidant and antibacterial
Effect.The fruit of a cubeb litsea tree can destroy Powdery Mildew membrane structure, reduce cytomorphosis and bacterium protein, it is dead to ultimately result in cell
Die.Secondly, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree is also enriched containing abundant crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre, ash content, calcium and amino acid, nutritive value.
Frutus cnidii：Frutus cnidii is the dry mature fruit of annual samphire cnidium monnieri, and its chemical composition is predominantly waved
Hair oil and Coumarins, also containing palmitic acid, sitosterol isoreactivity composition.Frutus cnidii alcohol extract has significant bacteriostasis,
Powdery Mildew sticking to hinder Powdery Mildew to nutrition on host can be influenceed by reducing the secretion of extracellular esterase
Absorb, and Powdery Mildew mycelium shrinkage depression, cell membrane ablation, organelle dissolving and adjoint cell content beyond the region of objective existence can be caused
Let out, ultimately result in cell death.
Airpotato yam：Airpotato yam also known as air potato, glycan, gold thread hang frog, more than zero potato, gold Chinese yam, are Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea
The dry tuber of herbaceos perennial, it is distributed widely in China central and west regions.The chemical composition of airpotato yam is more complicated, passes
The fitochemical studies of system find mainly to include steroid saponin material, diterpene lactone material, tannin, polysaccharide in airpotato yam
Material, Flavonoid substances and some trace elements.Research shows that airpotato yam extract solution has stronger bacteriostatic activity, can
Effectively suppress germ mycelial growth and spore germination, so as to suppress pathogen growth breeding.
Earthworm hydrolyzate：The protein content of dry matter of earthworm body is up to 70% or so, and has in earthworm alimentary canal more than 10
Kind proteolytic enzyme, can effectively be hydrolyzed using these proteases to the protein of earthworm body, and it is molten to obtain earthworm hydrolysis
Liquid, its nutritional ingredient is mainly made up of 18 kinds of amino acid and abundant small peptide, and the antibacterial peptide relative molecular mass in hydrolyzate
Less than 10000, there is strong bacteriostatic activity, extensive antimicrobial spectrum and heat endurance, can be entered with molecular state through cell membrane
In plant cell, easily it is absorbed by plants.Research shows that earthworm hydrolysis liquid energy effectively suppresses the mycelial growth and spore of Powdery Mildew
Sprout, so as to suppress pathogen growth breeding.Secondly, also rich in nutrient and dimensions such as potassium, zinc, iron, manganese in earthworm hydrolyzate
Raw plain A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin E, the nutriment such as vitamin C, abundant nutriment can be provided for plant,
Remarkably promote plant growth.
New high fat film：New high fat film can form one layer of invisible height frequently as transpiration inhibitor in crop surface
Molecule diaphragm, the water suction of optimization plant, breathe freely, light transmission qualities, shielding disease pest flutters food signal and weakens communication media, resists and anti-
Imperial natural disaster.New high fat film compounds with functional component of the present invention, can effectively reduce the loss of functional component, improves blade face
Fertile absorption rate, so as to significantly increase plant disease-resistant resistance, promote plant growth.
Wetting agent：Wetting agent can effectively reduce the surface tension of solution, improve solution in the wetability of leaf surface, be allowed to
Uniform spread, prevent pearl from falling, extend solution in the residence time of blade surface to ensure that vegetables fully absorb to nutrient.
Dispersant：Dispersant is a kind of amphipathic chemicals, can increase oiliness and aqueous components in same system
Compatibility, and the aggregation of solid or liquid particle in dispersion is reduced, so as to keep the relatively stable of dispersion.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, yellow cinnamon leaf, Chinese littleleaf box leaf, leaf of locust, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, frutus cnidii, airpotato yam are mixed progress by the present invention by a certain percentage
EtOH Sonicate extracts, and gained extract solution has synergistic function, can significantly inhibit Powdery Mildew sticking on host, and can
Powdery Mildew eucaryotic cell structure and function are destroyed, cytomorphosis and bacterium protein is reduced, ultimately results in cell death.
2nd, the present invention is digested the dregs of a decoction after alcohol extracting, and is compounded with earthworm hydrolyzate, can not only obtain discarded object
Recycling, and nutrient composition content in fertilizer is significantly improved, abundant amino acid, nucleic acid are contained in gained fertilizer, is had
A variety of materials for being advantageous to vegetable growth such as machine acid, vitamin, carbohydrate, mineral element, good nutrition is provided for vegetable growth
Condition.
3rd, the foliar fertilizer of the present invention is sprayed by the application process of the present invention, can not only significantly reduce the morbidity of vegetables powdery mildew
Rate, the usage amount of agricultural chemicals is reduced, can also effectively facilitate vegetable growth, improving quality, improve yield, there is significant society, warp
Ji and environmental benefit.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew, include the raw material of following weight parts：Extracts of Chinese herbal medicine
30 parts, 25 parts of protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, 15 parts of earthworm hydrolyzate, 13 parts of new high fat film, 5 parts of lauroyl diethanolamine, desugar lignin
5 parts of sodium sulfonate, 0.01 part of ethyl-para-hydroxybenzoate；
The preparation method of the extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is：(1) yellow cinnamon leaf, Chinese littleleaf box leaf, leaf of locust, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, cnidium monnieri are weighed
Son, airpotato yam, are dried to constant weight through 45 DEG C, are in mass ratio 3 after being ground into 20 mesh powder：4：2：4：1：3 mixing；(2) matter is pressed
It is 1 to measure volume ratio：The ethanol that volumetric concentration is 60% is added in compound obtained by 2 ratio to step (1), soaks 60min, so
30min is ultrasonically treated under the conditions of 40 DEG C, power 150W afterwards, is filtered, filter residue is standby, and filtrate is extracts of Chinese herbal medicine；
The preparation method of the protein enzymatic hydrolyzate is：Isolated filter residue after alcohol steep Chinese herbal medicine is taken, matter is pressed with water
It is 1 to measure volume ratio (g/mL)：4 mix, adjustment pH value to 6.5, add the neutral proteinase of Chinese herbal medicine filter residue weight 1%, stirring
5min, 1.5h is placed under the conditions of 55 DEG C, during which every half an hour stirring once, each 3min, filtered after terminating, filtrate is egg
White enzymolysis liquid；
The preparation method of the earthworm hydrolyzate is：(1) after taking fresh and alive earthworm to be washed with deionized water only, it is put into high-speed set
Knit in bruisher and smash to pieces；(2) it is 1 by the mass ratio of earthworm and water：1 adds deionized water, is put into after mixing in reactor, uses
The watery hydrochloric acid that concentration is 0.02mol/L adjusts pH value of solution to 8, and self-dissolving hydrolysis is carried out at a temperature of 58 DEG C, and hydrolysis time is
49h；(3) it will be put into centrifuge from the complete mixture of hydrolysis, centrifuged under conditions of centrifugal rotational speed is 5000r/min
22min, take supernatant, as earthworm hydrolyzate.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew, include the raw material of following weight parts：Extracts of Chinese herbal medicine
10 parts, 15 parts of protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, 55 parts of earthworm hydrolyzate, 1 part of new high fat film, 1 part of coconut oil diethanol amine, desugar condensation it is wooden
Plain 5 parts of sodium sulfonate, 0.04 part of potassium sorbate；
The preparation method of the extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is：(1) yellow cinnamon leaf, Chinese littleleaf box leaf, leaf of locust, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, cnidium monnieri are weighed
Son, airpotato yam, are dried to constant weight through 45 DEG C, are in mass ratio 7 after being ground into 40 mesh powder：1：5：1：3：2 mixing；(2) matter is pressed
It is 1 to measure volume ratio：The ethanol that volumetric concentration is 70% is added in compound obtained by 5 ratio to step (1), soaks 120min,
Then 30min is ultrasonically treated under the conditions of 55 DEG C, power 150W, filtered, filter residue is standby, and filtrate is extracts of Chinese herbal medicine；
The preparation method of the protein enzymatic hydrolyzate is：Isolated filter residue after alcohol steep Chinese herbal medicine is taken, matter is pressed with water
It is 1 to measure volume ratio (g/mL)：1 mixes, adjustment pH value to 7.5, adds the neutral proteinase of Chinese herbal medicine filter residue weight 2%, stirring
5min, 3h is placed under the conditions of 30 DEG C, during which every half an hour stirring once, each 3min, filtered after terminating, filtrate is albumen
Enzymolysis liquid；
The preparation method of the earthworm hydrolyzate is：(1) after taking fresh and alive earthworm to be washed with deionized water only, it is put into high-speed set
Knit in bruisher and smash to pieces；(2) it is 1 by the mass ratio of earthworm and water：3 add deionized water, are put into after mixing in reactor, use
The watery hydrochloric acid that concentration is 0.02mol/L adjusts pH value of solution to 6, and self-dissolving hydrolysis is carried out at a temperature of 53 DEG C, and hydrolysis time is
53h；(3) it will be put into centrifuge from the complete mixture of hydrolysis, centrifuged under conditions of centrifugal rotational speed is 4000r/min
28min, take supernatant, as earthworm hydrolyzate.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew, include the raw material of following weight parts：Extracts of Chinese herbal medicine
17 parts, 20 parts of protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, 38 parts of earthworm hydrolyzate, 8 parts of new high fat film, 4 parts of AEO, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer
Sour 4 parts, 0.03 part of potassium sorbate；
The preparation method of the extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is：(1) yellow cinnamon leaf, Chinese littleleaf box leaf, leaf of locust, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, cnidium monnieri are weighed
Son, airpotato yam, are dried to constant weight through 45 DEG C, are in mass ratio 6 after being ground into 30 mesh powder：3：5：3：4：1 mixing；(2) matter is pressed
It is 1 to measure volume ratio：The ethanol that volumetric concentration is 65% is added in compound obtained by 3 ratio to step (1), soaks 80min, so
30min is ultrasonically treated under the conditions of 47 DEG C, power 150W afterwards, is filtered, filter residue is standby, and filtrate is extracts of Chinese herbal medicine；
The preparation method of the protein enzymatic hydrolyzate is：Isolated filter residue after alcohol steep Chinese herbal medicine is taken, matter is pressed with water
It is 1 to measure volume ratio (g/mL)：3 mix, and adjustment pH value to 7.0, add the neutral proteinase of Chinese herbal medicine filter residue weight 1.5%, stir
5min is mixed, 2h is placed under the conditions of 46 DEG C, during which every half an hour stirring once, each 3min, is filtered after terminating, filtrate is egg
White enzymolysis liquid；
The preparation method of the earthworm hydrolyzate is：(1) after taking fresh and alive earthworm to be washed with deionized water only, it is put into high-speed set
Knit in bruisher and smash to pieces；(2) it is 1 by the mass ratio of earthworm and water：2 add deionized water, are put into after mixing in reactor, use
The watery hydrochloric acid that concentration is 0.02mol/L adjusts pH value of solution to 7, and self-dissolving hydrolysis is carried out at a temperature of 55 DEG C, and hydrolysis time is
51h；(3) it will be put into centrifuge from the complete mixture of hydrolysis, centrifuged under conditions of centrifugal rotational speed is 4700r/min
24min, take supernatant, as earthworm hydrolyzate.
Comparative example 1
Protein enzymatic hydrolyzate is not added in foliar fertilizer, includes the raw material of following weight parts：10 parts of extracts of Chinese herbal medicine, earthworm
55 parts of hydrolyzate, 1 part of new high fat film, 1 part of coconut oil diethanol amine, 5 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate of desugar condensation, potassium sorbate 0.04
Part；
The preparation method of the extracts of Chinese herbal medicine is：(1) yellow cinnamon leaf, Chinese littleleaf box leaf, leaf of locust, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, cnidium monnieri are weighed
Son, airpotato yam, are dried to constant weight through 45 DEG C, are in mass ratio 7 after being ground into 40 mesh powder：1：5：1：3：2 mixing；(2) matter is pressed
It is 1 to measure volume ratio：The ethanol that volumetric concentration is 70% is added in compound obtained by 5 ratio to step (1), soaks 120min,
Then 30min is ultrasonically treated under the conditions of 55 DEG C, power 150W, filtered, filter residue is standby, and filtrate is extracts of Chinese herbal medicine；
The preparation method of the earthworm hydrolyzate is：(1) after taking fresh and alive earthworm to be washed with deionized water only, it is put into high-speed set
Knit in bruisher and smash to pieces；(2) it is 1 by the mass ratio of earthworm and water：3 add deionized water, are put into after mixing in reactor, use
The watery hydrochloric acid that concentration is 0.02mol/L adjusts pH value of solution to 6, and self-dissolving hydrolysis is carried out at a temperature of 53 DEG C, and hydrolysis time is
53h；(3) it will be put into centrifuge from the complete mixture of hydrolysis, centrifuged under conditions of centrifugal rotational speed is 4000r/min
28min, take supernatant, as earthworm hydrolyzate.
Comparative example 2
Extracts of Chinese herbal medicine and protein enzymatic hydrolyzate are not added in foliar fertilizer, includes the raw material of following weight parts：Earthworm water
Solve 55 parts of liquid, 1 part of new high fat film, 1 part of coconut oil diethanol amine, 5 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate of desugar condensation, potassium sorbate 0.04
Part；
The preparation method of the earthworm hydrolyzate is：(1) after taking fresh and alive earthworm to be washed with deionized water only, it is put into high-speed set
Knit in bruisher and smash to pieces；(2) it is 1 by the mass ratio of earthworm and water：3 add deionized water, are put into after mixing in reactor, use
The watery hydrochloric acid that concentration is 0.02mol/L adjusts pH value of solution to 6, and self-dissolving hydrolysis is carried out at a temperature of 53 DEG C, and hydrolysis time is
53h；(3) it will be put into centrifuge from the complete mixture of hydrolysis, centrifuged under conditions of centrifugal rotational speed is 4000r/min
28min, take supernatant, as earthworm hydrolyzate.
Test example 1
A kind of inhibitory action of the Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer of preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew of the present invention to vegetables Powdery Mildew
Subjects：Squash marble dust germ, eggplant Powdery Mildew, soybean Powdery Mildew.
Test specimen：Test group：Foliar fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 and comparative example 1~2；Blank control
Group：Clear water；With reference to control group：25% triadimefon wettable powder.
Test method：Test specimen is diluted to 10,50,100,150 times with aseptic deionized water, is added to quantitative go out
It is cooled to after bacterium in 50 DEG C or so of PDA culture medium, fully shakes up, drug containing flat board is made, often processing is repeated 3 times.With diameter 5mm
Card punch beat and take well-grown stem, stem mycelia is inoculated in drug containing flat board center downwards, is placed in 28 DEG C of constant temperature trainings
Support, observe mycelial growth situation daily, colony diameter is measured after ware is covered with blank control, calculate mycelial growth inhibition rate.Meter
It is as follows to calculate formula：
Bacteriostasis rate (%)=[(blank control colony diameter-processing colony diameter)/(blank control colony diameter -5)] ×
100%
Measurement result：Testing result is as shown in table 1 below.
Inhibitory action of the table 1 to vegetables Powdery Mildew
As shown in Table 1, the Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer dilution of a kind of preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3
During to 10 times, 50 times, 100% is reached to the bacteriostasis rate of squash marble dust germ, eggplant Powdery Mildew and soybean Powdery Mildew.When
When being diluted to 100 times, foliar fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 reaches 91.5% to the bacteriostasis rate of three kinds of Powdery Mildews
More than；When being diluted to 150 times, foliar fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 reaches to the bacteriostasis rate of three kinds of Powdery Mildews
More than 80.5%, its inhibition to weak by being followed successively by squash marble dust germ by force>Soybean Powdery Mildew>Eggplant Powdery Mildew.
Said determination result shows, compared with 25% triadimefon, foliar fertilizer of the invention has pole to vegetables Powdery Mildew
Strong In-vitro Inhibitory Effect, fungistatic effect is notable, and safety has no side effect, and has a extensive future.
Test example 2
A kind of technical indicator measure of the Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer of preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew of the present invention
Test specimen：Foliar fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 and comparative example 1~2.
Testing index：Free amino acid form and content, a great number of elements content, moderate-element content, micronutrient levels,
Water insoluble matter content.
Assay method：Free amino acid is formed and content is determined using Biochrom30 amino-acid analyzers, a great number of elements
It is insoluble using the regulation measure of NY/T 1974, water using the regulation measure of NY/T 1117, micronutrient levels with moderate-element content
Thing content is using the regulation measure of NY/T 1115.
Measurement result：Testing result is as shown in table 2 below, table 3.
1st, foliar fertilizer free amino acid composition and content
The foliar fertilizer free amino acid of table 2 forms and content (g/100mL)
| Amino acid | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Aspartic acid Asp | 0.46 | 0.21 | 0.81 | 0.81 | 0.83 |
| Threonine Thr | 0.28 | 0.13 | 0.61 | 0.69 | 0.75 |
| Serine Ser | 0.19 | 0.07 | 0.68 | 0.70 | 0.71 |
| Glutamic acid Glu | 1.31 | 0.96 | 1.63 | 1.63 | 1.65 |
| Glycine Gly | 0.37 | 0.24 | 0.69 | 0.71 | 0.73 |
| Alanine Ala | 0.15 | 0.07 | 0.47 | 0.49 | 0.50 |
| Cystine Cys | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
| Valine Val | 0.37 | 0.21 | 0.55 | 0.57 | 0.57 |
| Methionine Mat | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.07 |
| Isoleucine Ile | 0.25 | 0.13 | 0.45 | 0.46 | 0.47 |
| Leucine Leu | 0.52 | 0.31 | 0.72 | 0.73 | 0.74 |
| Tyrosine Tyr | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.29 | 0.25 | 0.27 |
| Phenylalanine Phe | 0.16 | 0.05 | 0.41 | 0.40 | 0.41 |
| Histidine | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.26 |
| Lysine Lys | 0.21 | 0.10 | 0.39 | 0.39 | 0.42 |
| Arginine Arg | 0.43 | 0.21 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 0.96 |
| Tryptophan Try | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.24 |
| Proline Pro | 0.51 | 0.26 | 0.89 | 0.87 | 0.90 |
| Amount to | 5.44 | 3.07 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.5 |
As shown in Table 2, the Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer amino of a kind of preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3
Sour total amount improves 85.7%, 87.5%, 93.0% compared with comparative example 1 respectively, and compared with comparative example 2, total amino acid content improves
More than twice.Measurement result shows, the amino acid contained A wide selection of colours and designs of foliar fertilizer of the present invention, rich content, and its free amino acid contains
Amount has reached People's Republic of China's agricultural industry criteria.
2nd, a great number of elements, moderate-element, trace element and water insoluble matter content
The a great number of elements of table 3, moderate-element, trace element and water insoluble matter content (g/L)
| Project | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| A great number of elements | 100 | 76.3 | 120 | 115 | 123 |
| Moderate-element | 21.3 | 9.27 | 30.9 | 33.7 | 35.4 |
| Trace element | 1.23 | 0.37 | 2.10 | 2.13 | 2.13 |
| Water-insoluble | 2.31 | 2.10 | 1.87 | 1.85 | 1.85 |
As shown in Table 3, it is big in a kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer of preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3
Secondary element, moderate-element, trace element and water insoluble matter content are all remarkably higher than the content in comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, mineral
Constituent content enriches.
Test example 3
The influence that a kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer of preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew of the present invention is planted to soybean in field
Test kind：Heihe 45.
Test specimen：Test group：Foliar fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 and comparative example 1~2；Control group：Clearly
Water.
Experimental design：Experiment is carried out in heliogreenhouse, and using randomized complete-block design, every piece of experimental plot area is
3.5m2.Cell surrounding sets induction row, sprays 5d after foliar fertilizer for the first time, and the potted plant soybean seedling of morbidity is put into row is induced
Make induction row susceptible, a basin is put per 0.8m.Experiment sets 6 processing altogether, and each processing is repeated 3 times.
Fertilizing method：
Processing 1 is that clear water compares, and the 7d spray clear waters after soybean is colonized, is sprayed once every 15d after spraying for the first time, always
Spray altogether 5 times, the amount of spraying is 10kg/ mus；
Processing 2 is the foliar fertilizer prepared by comparative example 1 of the present invention, and 7d is sprayed after soybean is colonized, every after spraying for the first time
Spray once, spray altogether 3 times every 20d, it is 16 times to spray foliar fertilizer extension rate used every time, and the amount of spraying is 10kg/
Mu；
Processing 3 is the foliar fertilizer prepared by comparative example 2 of the present invention, and 7d is sprayed after soybean is colonized, every after spraying for the first time
Spray once, spray altogether 7 times every 10d, it is 7 times to spray foliar fertilizer extension rate used every time, and the amount of spraying is 10kg/
Mu；
Processing 4 is the foliar fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1, and 7d is sprayed after soybean is colonized, every after spraying for the first time
Spray once, spray altogether 7 times every 10d, it is 7 times to spray foliar fertilizer extension rate used every time, and the amount of spraying is 10kg/
Mu；
Processing 5 is the foliar fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2, and 7d is sprayed after soybean is colonized, every after spraying for the first time
Spray once, spray altogether 3 times every 20d, it is 16 times to spray foliar fertilizer extension rate used every time, and the amount of spraying is 10kg/
Mu；
Processing 6 is the foliar fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 3, and 7d is sprayed after soybean is colonized, every after spraying for the first time
Spray once, spray altogether 5 times every 15d, it is 12 times to spray foliar fertilizer extension rate used every time, and the amount of spraying is 10kg/
Mu；
Sample collection and index determining：Sampled in the soybean mature phase by five point sampling, every is investigated 5 plants, and it is white to determine its
Powder disease disease index, preventive effect, yield and quality (crude protein, crude fat).
1st, to the influence of soybean powdery mildew disease index and preventive effect
Influence of the table 4 to soybean powdery mildew disease index and preventive effect
| Processing | Disease index (%) | Preventive effect (%) |
| Clear water | 99.3 | 0 |
| Comparative example 1 | 87.6 | 11.8 |
| Comparative example 2 | 91.1 | 8.26 |
| Embodiment 1 | 22.0 | 77.8 |
| Embodiment 2 | 18.4 | 81.5 |
| Embodiment 3 | 11.6 | 88.3 |
As shown in Table 4, compared with compareing clear water, the foliar fertilizer disease index prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 exists
Less than 22.0%, prevention effect is more than 77.8%.Said determination result shows, the leaf prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3
Leaven can effectively prevent and treat the generation of soybean powdery mildew.
2nd, to soybean yields and the influence of quality
Table 5 is to soybean yields and the influence of quality
As shown in Table 5, compared with compareing clear water, foliar fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 can effectively improve soybean
Yield and quality, wherein, the best results of embodiment 3, compared with compareing clear water, soybean yields, crude protein, crude fat content difference
Improve 20.9%, 18.8%, 15.1%.
Said determination result shows that a kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer of preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew of the invention contains abundant ore deposit
Prime element, and amino acid classes are complete, rich content, and good nutritional condition can be provided for vegetable growth.By applying for the present invention
The foliar fertilizer of the present invention is sprayed with method, the vegetables powdery mildew incidence of disease can be not only significantly reduced, reduce the usage amount of agricultural chemicals, may be used also
Vegetable growth is effectively facilitated, improving quality, improves yield, there is significant society, economy and environmental benefit.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew, it is characterised in that the raw material including following weight parts：Medium-height grass 10~30 parts of medicament extracting solution, 15~25 parts of protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, 15~55 parts of earthworm hydrolyzate；Wherein, the extracts of Chinese herbal medicine be yellow cinnamon leaf, Chinese littleleaf box leaf, leaf of locust, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, frutus cnidii, airpotato yam in mass ratio For (3~7)：(1~4)：(2~5)：(1~4)：(1~4)：(1~3) after mixing, the liquid that is obtained with alcohol steep；The egg White enzymolysis liquid is using solids isolated after above-mentioned alcohol steep Chinese herbal medicine as raw material, is decomposed using neutral protein enzyme preparation The liquid that protein therein obtains；The earthworm hydrolyzate is after earthworm is mixed with deionized water, under certain condition certainly The liquid that hydrolysis obtains.
- 2. a kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including following The raw material of parts by weight：17 parts of extracts of Chinese herbal medicine, 20 parts of protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, 38 parts of earthworm hydrolyzate；Wherein, the extracts of Chinese herbal medicine be yellow cinnamon leaf, Chinese littleleaf box leaf, leaf of locust, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, frutus cnidii, airpotato yam in mass ratio For 6：3：5：3：4：After 1 mixing, the liquid that is obtained with alcohol steep；The protein enzymatic hydrolyzate is with above-mentioned alcohol steep Chinese herbal medicine Isolated solids is raw material afterwards, the liquid obtained using neutral protein enzyme preparation decomposition protein therein；The earthworm Earthworm hydrolyzate is the liquid obtained under certain condition from hydrolysis after earthworm is mixed with deionized water.
- A kind of 3. Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the medium-height grass The preparation method of medicament extracting solution is：(1) yellow cinnamon leaf, Chinese littleleaf box leaf, leaf of locust, the fruit of a cubeb litsea tree, frutus cnidii, airpotato yam are weighed, through 45 DEG C Constant weight is dried to, after being ground into 20~40 mesh powder, is mixed in mass ratio；(2) it is 1 by mass volume ratio：2~5 ratio to The ethanol that volumetric concentration is 60~70% is added in compound obtained by step (1), 60~120min is soaked, then 40~55 DEG C, be ultrasonically treated 30min under the conditions of power 150W, filter, filter residue is standby, and filtrate is extracts of Chinese herbal medicine.
- A kind of 4. Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the albumen The preparation method of enzymolysis liquid is：Isolated filter residue after alcohol steep Chinese herbal medicine is taken, is by mass volume ratio (g/mL) with water 1：1~4 mixes, adjustment pH value to 6.5~7.5, adds the neutral proteinase of Chinese herbal medicine filter residue weight 1~2%, stirs 5min, 1.5~3h is placed under the conditions of 30~55 DEG C, during which every half an hour stirring once, each 3min is filtered after terminating, and filtrate is Protein enzymatic hydrolyzate.
- A kind of 5. Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the earthworm The preparation method of hydrolyzate is：(1) after taking fresh and alive earthworm to be washed with deionized water only, it is put into high-speed tissue mashing machine and smashs to pieces； (2) it is 1 by the mass ratio of earthworm and water：1~3 adds deionized water, is put into after mixing in reactor, is with concentration 0.02mol/L watery hydrochloric acid adjusts pH value of solution to 6~8, and self-dissolving hydrolysis, hydrolysis time 49 are carried out at a temperature of 53~58 DEG C ~53h；(3) will be put into from the complete mixture of hydrolysis in centrifuge, in the condition that centrifugal rotational speed is 4000~5000r/min 22~28min of lower centrifugation, takes supernatant, as earthworm hydrolyzate.
- 6. a kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer of preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, its feature exist In including the raw material of following weight parts：1~13 part of new high fat film, 1~5 part of wetting agent, 1~5 part of dispersant, preservative 0.01~0.04 part.
- 7. a kind of Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew according to claim 6, it is characterised in that including following The raw material of parts by weight：8 parts of new high fat film, 4 parts of wetting agent, 4 parts of dispersant, 0.03 part of preservative.
- A kind of 8. Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer for preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the wetting Agent is the one or more of lauroyl diethanolamine, coconut oil diethanol amine or AEO；The dispersant is The one or more of desugar sodium lignin sulfonate, desugar condensation sodium lignin sulfonate or styrene acrylic；The preservative is One of ethyl-para-hydroxybenzoate or potassium sorbate or combination.
- 9. a kind of application process of the Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer of preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew described in any one of claim 6~8, it is special Sign is, the Chinese herbal medicine foliar fertilizer of described preventing and treating vegetables powdery mildew is diluted with water into 7~16 mass times, in the vegetable growth phase Inside spray in vacuum side of blade, even spray 3~7 times, be spaced 10~20 days.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN108863476A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-23 | 华中农业大学 | Earthworm excrement source citrus organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special and preparation method thereof |
| CN110250208A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-09-20 | 冯良山 | A kind of via plant immunity reinforcing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110800760A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-02-18 | 青岛农业大学 | Earthworm hydrolysate and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111875434A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-03 | 青岛农业大学 | Cold-resistant and vernalization-promoting tea tree liquid fertilizer and application thereof |
| CN113261567A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-17 | 天津天丰泽田生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method and application of earthworm polypeptide for promoting crop growth and resisting diseases |
| CN114041475A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-02-15 | 清远海贝生物技术有限公司 | Composite plant extract for reducing adhesion toxicity of water body hemisiphonata as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN103274822A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-09-04 | 苏州禾润农业科技有限公司 | Poly-element foliar fertilizer rich in zinc, iron and selenium |
| CN104086284A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-10-08 | 山东光大肥业科技有限公司 | Organic foliar fertilizer specialized for fruit vegetables, and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103274822A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-09-04 | 苏州禾润农业科技有限公司 | Poly-element foliar fertilizer rich in zinc, iron and selenium |
| CN104086284A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-10-08 | 山东光大肥业科技有限公司 | Organic foliar fertilizer specialized for fruit vegetables, and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108863476A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-23 | 华中农业大学 | Earthworm excrement source citrus organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special and preparation method thereof |
| CN110800760A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-02-18 | 青岛农业大学 | Earthworm hydrolysate and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110250208A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-09-20 | 冯良山 | A kind of via plant immunity reinforcing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111875434A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-03 | 青岛农业大学 | Cold-resistant and vernalization-promoting tea tree liquid fertilizer and application thereof |
| CN113261567A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-17 | 天津天丰泽田生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method and application of earthworm polypeptide for promoting crop growth and resisting diseases |
| CN114041475A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-02-15 | 清远海贝生物技术有限公司 | Composite plant extract for reducing adhesion toxicity of water body hemisiphonata as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114041475B (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-02-21 | 清远海贝生物技术有限公司 | Composite plant extract for reducing adhesion toxicity of water body hemisiphonata as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20171201 |