CN107417234A - Aeroge heat preserving and insulating material with γ irradiation shielding properties and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aeroge heat preserving and insulating material with γ irradiation shielding properties and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107417234A CN107417234A CN201710849612.1A CN201710849612A CN107417234A CN 107417234 A CN107417234 A CN 107417234A CN 201710849612 A CN201710849612 A CN 201710849612A CN 107417234 A CN107417234 A CN 107417234A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- silicon dioxide
- insulating material
- heat preserving
- dioxide gel
- shielding properties
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/0045—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by a process involving the formation of a sol or a gel, e.g. sol-gel or precipitation processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00862—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for nuclear applications, e.g. ray-absorbing concrete
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
Abstract
The invention discloses aeroge heat preserving and insulating material with γ irradiation shielding properties and preparation method thereof, solves the problems, such as to have no the insulation material that can be overcome mineral wool defect simultaneously and reach γ irradiation function of shielding in the prior art.The present invention includes preparing silicon dioxide gel, is then added to gamma absorber after being well mixed in silicon dioxide gel and silicon dioxide gel base-material is made；Tiled fibre reinforced materials in mould, the silicon dioxide gel base-material prepared is poured into mould, wet gel composite is obtained after silicon dioxide gel base-material is by fibre reinforced materials complete wetting, carry out matched moulds, sizing, form removal, then the wet gel composite in mould is taken out and is placed into progress solvent displacement in solvent replacement device, it is that heat preserving and insulating material is made finally to take out dry；The addition of gamma absorber is 2wt~20wt% of heat preserving and insulating material weight.The present invention has that heat-proof quality is good, γ irradiation function of shielding is excellent and other effects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear radiation protection heat preservation technology field, and in particular to the aeroge with γ irradiation shielding properties is protected
Warm heat-barrier material, and disclose the preparation method of the heat preserving and insulating material.
Background technology
Nuclear reactor system can produce substantial amounts of HTHP working medium in running so that equipment, pipe surface temperature
It is very high, to reduce heat loss, it is ensured that equipment, pipeline are in good working order, it is necessary to install corresponding insulation material.Core is used
Outside insulation material meets equipment pipe powered by conventional energy to the requirement of insulation material, also need possess efficient and light weight, Flouride-resistani acid phesphatase, hydrophobicity
The particular/special requirement such as good, while the shielding properties of γ irradiation is preferably provided with, so as to reduce nuclear reactor primary Ioops ambient irradiation dosage.
The quality of insulation material directly affects the security, stability and economy of reactor assembly.
Traditional core reactor heat power equipment pipe insulation material typically uses mineral wool, and for material of main part, mineral wool can be born
Radioactivity irradiates, but the shortcomings of thermal conductivity is higher, and insulation is born a heavy burden greatly, is not easy to assemble and disassemble, easy moisture absorption be present.Through retrieving, at present still
Nothing overcomes mineral wool defect simultaneously and reaches the insulation material of γ irradiation function of shielding.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：Mineral wool defect can be overcome simultaneously and reach by having no in the prior art
γ irradiates the problem of insulation material of function of shielding, and it is an object of the present invention to provide having the aeroge thermal insulation separation of γ irradiation shielding properties
Hot material, the defects of effectively overcoming mineral wool.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Aeroge heat preserving and insulating material with γ irradiation shielding properties, including fibre reinforced materials, complete wetting fiber
The silicon dioxide gel base-material of reinforcing material；The silicon dioxide gel base-material includes silicon dioxide gel and addition to protect
Warm heat-barrier material weight 2wt~20wt% gamma absorber.
The above-mentioned preparation method of aeroge heat preserving and insulating material with γ irradiation shielding properties is：
Silicon dioxide gel is prepared, then gamma absorber is added to after being well mixed in silicon dioxide gel and made
Into silicon dioxide gel base-material；Tiled fibre reinforced materials in mould, and the silicon dioxide gel base-material prepared is toppled over
In mould, wet gel composite is obtained after silicon dioxide gel base-material is by fibre reinforced materials complete wetting, is closed
Mould, sizing, form removal, the wet gel composite taking-up in mould is then placed into progress solvent in solvent replacement device and put
Change, it is that heat preserving and insulating material is made finally to take out dry.
Aerosil is a kind of novel light nano-porous materials in the present invention, its very thin nanoporous network
Structure can effectively limit the gentle state heat transfer of solid-state heat transfer, therefore heat-insulating property is excellent, and the thermal conductivity under normal temperature is
0.017 to 0.025W/mK.Compared with mineral wool insulation material, silica aerogel material has that thermal conductivity factor is low, space is sharp
With rate it is high, it is green, sound insulation the features such as.
After the present invention is by the way that aerosil and fibre reinforced materials and gamma absorber are cooperated, energy
Mineral wool is effectively overcome to be born a heavy burden greatly as the insulation that traditional core reactor heat power equipment pipe insulation material has, space availability ratio
It is low, the defects of easy moisture absorption.Also, original mineral wool material does not have function of shielding, and due to mineral wool material characteristic itself
Problem leads to not directly add gamma absorber in mineral wool material, and the present invention passes through aerosil, fiber
Reinforcing material and be combineding with each other for gamma absorber can also effectively meet nuclear reactor shielding properties, so as to reduce nuclear reactor
The requirement of primary Ioops ambient irradiation dosage, specific implementation principle are as follows：
Gamma-rays is the electromagnetic wave that wavelength is shorter than 0.001 nanometer, when it passes through material with its atom or extranuclear electron
Interaction, produce photoelectric effect, Compton effect and pair effect.Gamma-rays and the probability that atom interacts
Make atomic reaction section, and the energy of incident ray and had by the atomic number according to material to the reaction cross-section of three of the above effect
Very big influence.And it is of the invention by material and its optimum choice of proportioning, and then heat preserving and insulating material is improved to gamma-ray suction
Receipts ability, to meet to reduce the practical application request of ambient irradiation dosage.
Photoelectric effect：When gamma-rays and matter interaction, the bound electron that its energy is all transferred in atom makes
" can escape " and go out therefrom, the electronics that " escape " goes out is referred to as photoelectron, and the process is referred to as photoelectric effect.
Compton effect：It is the process that inelastic collision occurs with electron outside nucleus for incident ray.
Pair effect：When the energy of incident ray is higher than 1.022MeV, in the presence of core Coulombian field, incident ray
Skimmed over beside from atomic nucleus and change into a positive electron and a negatron, the process is referred to as pair effect.
Added according to gamma-ray feature and using experience, the present invention in silica aerogel material forming process
One or more in tungsten, bismuth or bismuth oxide pass through photoelectric effect, Compton effect and electronics pair as gamma-ray absorber
The mechanism of action such as effect, preferably reach shield effectiveness.
Further, the specific preparation method of the silicon dioxide gel is：
After tetraethyl orthosilicate and ethanol are mixed, add hydrochloric acid, water and ethanol and carry out acid catalysis, stand, Ran Houjia
Enter ammoniacal liquor, water and ethanol and carry out base catalysis, be eventually fabricated silicon dioxide gel.
Further, addition can excessively increase the density of aeroge insulation material, influence the characteristic of its lightweight, be unfavorable for
Construction and application；Addition is very few, absorbs gamma-ray ability, does not have shield effectiveness, thus heretofore described γ is penetrated
The addition of line absorption body is preferably 10wt~20wt% of insulation material weight, and the granularity of powder is 20~80 μm.Preferably,
The granularity of the gamma absorber is 20~40 μm.
The present invention is not only only capable of effectively reaching aerosil, fiber reinforcement by the optimal design-aside of above-mentioned parameter
Material and the respective function of gamma absorber, and can also be in the case where reducing the effect influenceed on thermal conductivity as far as possible, preferably
Ambient irradiation dosage is reduced, effect is very notable.
Preferably, the present invention in fibre reinforced materials can be microglass fiber, alumina silicate fibre, sepiolite fibre,
Supercritical drying, subcritical drying, constant pressure and dry, cold may be selected in one kind in polypropylene fibre, the drying mode in the present invention
Freeze drying mode etc., these changes, can all realize the purpose of the present invention.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and advantages：
1st, the present invention not only has good heat-proof quality, but also absorbs gamma-ray ability with barrier, especially suitable
For nuclear reactor system heat power equipment and the heat-insulation and heat-preservation of pipeline；
2nd, the present invention is by producing photoelectric effect, Compton effect and pair effect between gamma-rays and structure of the present invention
Deng mechanism of action, heat preserving and insulating material is effectively increased to gamma-ray absorbability, and then meets to reduce environment spoke
According to the purpose of the practical application request of dosage.
Embodiment
For the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, with reference to embodiment, the present invention is made
Further to describe in detail, exemplary embodiment of the invention and its explanation are only used for explaining the present invention, are not intended as to this
The restriction of invention.
Embodiment 1
Aeroge heat preserving and insulating material with γ irradiation shielding properties, its specific preparation method include：
(1) preparation of silicon dioxide gel
A period of time is stirred after tetraethyl orthosilicate is mixed with a certain amount of ethanol, hydrochloric acid, water and ethanol is added and carries out acid
Catalysis, add ammoniacal liquor, water and ethanol after standing a period of time and carry out base catalysis, silicon dioxide gel is made.
(2) preparation of silicon dioxide gel base-material
Then the Bi powder that be 10% by overall weight percent, particle mean size is 20 μm is added in silicon dioxide gel,
Uniform silicon dioxide gel base-material is obtained after mixing 30min.
(3) preparation of heat preserving and insulating material
The thick inorganic glass fibers of 10mm are laid in suitable mould as fibre reinforced materials, then by silica
Colloidal sol base-material is slowly poured into mould, after silicon dioxide gel base-material is by inorganic glass fiber complete wetting, matched moulds, and 24h
Afterwards, form removal, the wet gel composite of inorganic glass fiber enhancing is taken out, is placed in solvent replacement device, it is wet with 20 times
The ethanol of gel complex material volume carries out solvent displacement, and after replacing three days, wet gel composite is positioned over into supercritical drying
Dried in dry equipment, heat preserving and insulating material is can obtain after drying, the heat preserving and insulating material obtained in this step is the present invention's
Aeroge heat preserving and insulating material with γ irradiation shielding properties.
To be learnt by detection, at room temperature, its thermal conductivity factor is 0.029W/mk to the heat preserving and insulating material in the present embodiment,
It is right137It is 0.21cm that Cs radioactive sources, which are emitted gamma-ray linear attenuation coefficient,-1。
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are that the selection of the gamma absorber in the present embodiment in step 2 is not
Together, specific setting is as follows：
In step 2, in silicon dioxide gel add overall weight percent be 20%, the Bi that particle mean size is 40 μm2O3Powder
End, uniform silicon dioxide gel base-material is obtained after stirring 50min.
To be learnt by detection, at room temperature, its thermal conductivity factor is 0.029W/mk to the heat preserving and insulating material in the present embodiment,
It is right137It is 0.21cm that Cs radioactive sources, which are emitted gamma-ray linear attenuation coefficient,-1。
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are that the selection of the gamma absorber in the present embodiment in step 2 is not
Together, specific setting is as follows：
In step 2, in silicon dioxide gel add overall weight percent be 2%, the Bi that particle mean size is 80 μm2O3Powder
End, uniform silicon dioxide gel base-material is obtained after stirring 30min.
To be learnt by detection, at room temperature, its thermal conductivity factor is 0.024W/mk to the heat preserving and insulating material in the present embodiment,
It is right137It is 0.11cm that Cs radioactive sources, which are emitted gamma-ray linear attenuation coefficient,-1。
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are that the selection of the gamma absorber in the present embodiment in step 2 is not
Together, specific setting is as follows：
In step 2, in silicon dioxide gel add overall weight percent be 2%, the W powder that particle mean size is 80 μm,
Uniform silicon dioxide gel base-material is obtained after stirring 30min.
To be learnt by detection, at room temperature, its thermal conductivity factor is 0.026W/mk to the heat preserving and insulating material in the present embodiment,
It is right137It is 0.18cm that Cs radioactive sources, which are emitted gamma-ray linear attenuation coefficient,-1。
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are that the selection of the gamma absorber in the present embodiment in step 2 is not
Together, specific setting is as follows：
In step 2, in silicon dioxide gel add overall weight percent be 1%, the W powder that particle mean size is 80 μm and
The Bi powder that overall weight percent is 1%, particle mean size is 80 μm, uniform silicon dioxide gel base is obtained after stirring 30min
Material.
To be learnt by detection, at room temperature, its thermal conductivity factor is 0.025W/mk to the heat preserving and insulating material in the present embodiment,
It is right137It is 0.16cm that Cs radioactive sources, which are emitted gamma-ray linear attenuation coefficient,-1。
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are, gamma-rays is not added in silicon dioxide gel base-material in the present embodiment
Absorber, specific preparation process are as follows：
A period of time is stirred after tetraethyl orthosilicate is mixed with a certain amount of ethanol, hydrochloric acid, water and ethanol is added and carries out acid
Catalysis, add ammoniacal liquor, water and ethanol after standing a period of time and carry out base catalysis, silicon dioxide gel is made.
Any gamma absorber is not added, and suitable mould is laid in using 10mm thickness inorganic glass fiber as reinforcing material
In tool, then precursor solution is slowly poured into mould, after glass fibre complete wetting, matched moulds, after 24h, form removal, by glass
The fibre-reinforced wet gel composite of glass takes out, and is placed in solvent replacement device, with the ethanol of 20 times of composite volumes
Solvent displacement is carried out, after replacing three days, wet gel is positioned in supercritical drying equipment and dried, insulation is obtained after drying
Material.
Cross detection to learn, at room temperature, its thermal conductivity factor is 0.018W/mk to the heat preserving and insulating material, right in the present embodiment
It is 0.05cm-1 that 137Cs radioactive sources, which are emitted gamma-ray linear attenuation coefficient,.
Above-described embodiment, the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are carried out further
Describe in detail, should be understood that the embodiment that the foregoing is only the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention
Protection domain, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., all should include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the aeroge heat preserving and insulating material with γ irradiation shielding properties, it is characterised in that including fibre reinforced materials, completely
The silicon dioxide gel base-material of wetting fibre reinforcing material；The silicon dioxide gel base-material includes silicon dioxide gel and added
Enter the gamma absorber that amount is heat preserving and insulating material weight 2wt~20wt%.
2. the aeroge heat preserving and insulating material according to claim 1 with γ irradiation shielding properties, it is characterised in that institute
It is W powder, Bi powder or Bi to state gamma absorber2O3One or more in powder.
3. the aeroge heat preserving and insulating material according to claim 2 with γ irradiation shielding properties, it is characterised in that institute
The addition for stating gamma absorber is 10wt~20wt% of insulation material weight, and the granularity of powder is 20~80 μm.
4. the aeroge heat preserving and insulating material according to claim 2 with γ irradiation shielding properties, it is characterised in that institute
The granularity for stating gamma absorber is 20~40 μm.
5. the preparation method of the aeroge heat preserving and insulating material with γ irradiation shielding properties, it is characterised in that including：
Silicon dioxide gel is prepared, then gamma absorber is added to after being well mixed in silicon dioxide gel and is made two
Silica sol base-material；Tiled fibre reinforced materials in mould, and the silicon dioxide gel base-material prepared is poured into mould
In tool, wet gel composite is obtained after silicon dioxide gel base-material is by fibre reinforced materials complete wetting, matched moulds is carried out, determines
Type, form removal, then the wet gel composite in mould is taken out and is placed into progress solvent displacement in solvent replacement device, finally
Take out to dry and heat preserving and insulating material is made；
The addition of the gamma absorber is 2wt~20wt% of heat preserving and insulating material weight.
6. the preparation method of the aeroge heat preserving and insulating material according to claim 5 with γ irradiation shielding properties, its
It is characterised by, the specific preparation method of the silicon dioxide gel is：
After tetraethyl orthosilicate and ethanol are mixed, add hydrochloric acid, water and ethanol and carry out acid catalysis, stand, then add ammonia
Water, water and ethanol carry out base catalysis, are eventually fabricated silicon dioxide gel.
7. the preparation method of the aeroge heat preserving and insulating material according to claim 5 with γ irradiation shielding properties, its
It is characterised by, the gamma absorber is W powder, Bi powder or Bi2O3One or more in powder.
8. the preparation method of the aeroge heat preserving and insulating material according to claim 7 with γ irradiation shielding properties, its
It is characterised by, the addition of the gamma absorber is 10wt~20wt% of insulation material weight, and the granularity of powder is 20
~80 μm.
9. the preparation method of the aeroge heat preserving and insulating material according to claim 7 with γ irradiation shielding properties, its
It is characterised by, the granularity of the gamma absorber is 20~40 μm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710849612.1A CN107417234A (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2017-09-20 | Aeroge heat preserving and insulating material with γ irradiation shielding properties and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201710849612.1A CN107417234A (en) | 2017-09-20 | 2017-09-20 | Aeroge heat preserving and insulating material with γ irradiation shielding properties and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN109616227A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-04-12 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | A kind of disperse filled composite function metallic insulation |
| CN113683909A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-11-23 | 上海大学 | Nano bismuth oxide anti-radiation ceramic coating, preparation method and application |
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| CN113683909A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-11-23 | 上海大学 | Nano bismuth oxide anti-radiation ceramic coating, preparation method and application |
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Application publication date: 20171201 |