CN107413610B - Electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer for external detection of transverse wave mode pipeline - Google Patents
Electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer for external detection of transverse wave mode pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN107413610B CN107413610B CN201710522185.6A CN201710522185A CN107413610B CN 107413610 B CN107413610 B CN 107413610B CN 201710522185 A CN201710522185 A CN 201710522185A CN 107413610 B CN107413610 B CN 107413610B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/04—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with electromagnetism
- B06B1/045—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with electromagnetism using vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- B06B2201/50—Application to a particular transducer type
- B06B2201/52—Electrodynamic transducer
- B06B2201/53—Electrodynamic transducer with vibrating magnet or coil
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic detection in nondestructive testing, and relates to an electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer for external detection of a transverse wave mode pipeline, which comprises a yoke, a holding structure, a walking support structure, a prying bar structure, a permanent magnet and a coil, and is characterized in that: the yoke is the arch, and yoke extrados upside is connected with the structure of gripping, and yoke both sides plane is connected with walking bearing structure, and walking bearing structure is connected with the pinch bar structure, and the yoke intrados is connected with two permanent magnets, and the permanent magnet is the arch, and the intrados magnetism of two permanent magnets is opposite, and two permanent magnet intermediate connections have the coil, and it can produce the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave along the not equidirectional propagation of pipeline to realize the production of pipeline arbitrary direction spiral guided wave and the detection of arbitrary direction pipeline defect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic detection in nondestructive testing, relates to a transverse wave mode electromagnetic ultrasonic pipeline spiral guided wave transducer, and particularly relates to a transverse wave mode electromagnetic ultrasonic pipeline spiral guided wave transducer applied to pipeline nondestructive testing.
Background
The metal pipelines are various in types, large in quantity and wide in application. The method is applied to electric power stations, petrochemical industry, petroleum industry, chemical industry, mechanical industry, long-distance oil and gas transmission, water supply engineering, sea-crossing bridges, wharf bridge piles for water supply, drainage, heat supply, gas supply, agricultural irrigation, hydraulic engineering and various industrial devices. Nondestructive testing of pipelines plays an important role in the safety evaluation and repair of the pipelines. The electromagnetic ultrasonic detection technology is one of ultrasonic nondestructive detection technologies, is a novel and effective technology in the field of nondestructive detection, and can be used for detecting metal materials. The principle of electromagnetic ultrasonic detection is different from that of the traditional piezoelectric ultrasonic detection technology. In the industrial field, the electromagnetic ultrasonic detection has the advantages of non-contact, no need of a coupling agent and the like, and has wide application market in pipeline detection.
The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer is the key to electromagnetic ultrasonic detection. The electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer is a probe part for ultrasonic detection, and is a core component for generating and receiving ultrasonic waves. The coil is arranged on the near surface of the workpiece to be measured, alternating current is conducted to the coil, eddy current is generated inside the near surface, and under the bias action of the magnetic field, the alternating eddy current is subjected to alternating Lorentz force. The eddy current particles form mechanical vibration under the action of alternating Lorentz force to generate ultrasonic waves. In the process of electromagnetic ultrasonic detection application, different types of ultrasonic waves are generated due to different coil shapes and different magnetic field biases. And carrying out nondestructive testing on the metal pipeline according to the propagation principle of the ultrasonic wave.
The defects of the metal pipeline generally have the defects of circumferential, longitudinal and oblique multi-directivity, and the traditional electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer can only generate single longitudinal guided wave or circumferential guided wave, so that the actual requirement of electromagnetic ultrasonic pipeline detection cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides an electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer for detecting the outside of a pipeline in a transverse wave mode, which can generate electromagnetic ultrasonic guided waves transmitted along different directions of the pipeline, thereby realizing the generation of the spiral guided waves in any direction of the pipeline and the detection of the defects of the pipeline in any direction.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the utility model provides a transverse wave mode pipeline detects electromagnetism supersound spiral guided wave transducer outward, includes the yoke, grips the structure, walks bearing structure, crow bar structure, permanent magnet and coil, its characterized in that: the yoke is the arch, and yoke extrados upside is connected with the structure of gripping, and yoke both sides plane is connected with walking bearing structure, and walking bearing structure is connected with the pinch bar structure, and yoke intrados is connected with two permanent magnets, and the permanent magnet is the arch, and the intrados magnetism of two permanent magnets is opposite, is connected with the coil in the middle of two permanent magnets.
The holding structure is composed of a handle and a connecting plate, the connecting plate is an arc-shaped metal plate and is connected with and tightly attached to the outer arc surface of the yoke, and the outer arc surface of the connecting plate is provided with the handle.
The walking supporting structure is composed of supporting pieces and pulleys, the supporting pieces are connected to planes on two sides of the yoke, and the pulleys are installed on the lower portions of the supporting pieces.
The pry bar structure is composed of a connecting piece, a pry disc and a pry bar, the connecting piece is connected to one side of the walking supporting structure, the pry disc is installed on the other side of the connecting piece, and the pry bar is installed on the pry disc.
The straight line of the pry bar is not coincident with the rotation axis of the pry disc, and the rotation axis of the pry disc is eccentric.
The supporting piece is 7-shaped, the lower plane of the upper corner is tightly attached to the outer arc surface of the yoke, the middle of the lower side of the supporting piece is provided with a square groove, and the pulley is arranged in the square groove.
One side of the connecting piece is of a structure with a thin upper part and a thick lower part, the other side of the connecting piece stretches out to form two connecting ends, and the prying disc is arranged between the two connecting ends.
The coil is a flexible coil, the whole section of the coil is arched, the upper arc surface of the coil is superposed with the inner arc surface of the permanent magnet, the coil is in an inclined zigzag shape when viewed from the plane, the working lead is longer than the end line, and the working lead is not perpendicular to the end line.
And the arc surface of the yoke is provided with a glue injection channel.
The advantages and effects are as follows:
compared with the traditional piezoelectric ultrasonic detection, the electromagnetic ultrasonic detection has the following advantages in practical application: the requirement on the detected workpiece is low, and the returned ultrasonic waves can be transmitted and received to the detected workpiece without contacting with the detected workpiece, so that the surface of the detected workpiece does not need to be specially cleaned, and the relatively rough surface can be directly subjected to flaw detection; the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer does not need any coupling medium, because the electromagnetic transducer transmits and receives ultrasonic waves by virtue of an electromagnetic effect, the energy conversion is carried out in a skin layer on the surface of a workpiece to be detected; the application range is wide, and the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer can generate different types of ultrasonic waves by replacing the coil.
The electromagnetic ultrasonic pipeline spiral guide-wave transducer can change a working included angle, namely an included angle between a working guide line and an end line. Compared with the traditional pipeline longitudinal ultrasonic guided wave or circumferential ultrasonic guided wave, the spiral guided wave can realize the generation and defect detection of the ultrasonic wave in the longitudinal direction, the circumferential direction and the oblique direction of the pipeline, namely any direction, so that the electromagnetic ultrasonic pipeline has comprehensive and wide detection range.
The transverse bias magnetic field of the electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer in the transverse wave mode is provided by the arched magnet, the coil of the transducer adopts a winding structure coil, when high-frequency high-voltage alternating current is conducted to two ends of the winding coil, eddy current is generated on the near surface of a workpiece, eddy current particles are subjected to Lorentz force under the action of the transverse bias magnetic field, and electromagnetic ultrasonic guided waves are generated by vibration inside the workpiece. The spiral guided wave with any lift angle is realized by setting the included angle between the working lead of the zigzag coil and the terminal wire. The propagation direction of the guided wave is orthogonal to the working wire. When the coil surrounds the pipeline in the circumferential direction and is placed, the generated ultrasonic guided waves propagate along the spiral direction of the pipeline, the working included angle is the complementary angle of the included angle between the working lead and the end line, the working included angle determines the helix angle, and the sizes of the helix angle are the same. The electromagnetic ultrasonic pipeline spiral guided wave generated by the structure is in a transverse wave mode.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present transducer;
FIG. 2 is a perspective exploded view of the transducer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a support;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a connector;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the coil and the permanent magnet.
The labels are: 1. the magnetic flux-cored wire comprises a yoke, 2 permanent magnets, 3 coils, 4 handles, 5 connecting plates, 6 supporting pieces, 7 pulleys, 8 connecting pieces, 9 prying discs, 10 prying rods, 11 glue injection channels, 12 square grooves, 13 connecting ends, 14 working wires and 15 end wires.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, the electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral wave transducer for detecting the outside of the transverse wave mode pipeline comprises a yoke 1, a holding structure, a walking support structure, a prying bar structure, a permanent magnet 2 and a coil 3, wherein the yoke 1 is arched, the holding structure is connected to the upper side of the outer arc surface of the yoke 1, the holding structure consists of a handle 4 and a connecting plate 5, the connecting plate 5 is an arc-shaped metal plate and is connected with and tightly attached to the outer arc surface of the yoke 1, the holding structure can be effectively fixed, and the outer arc surface of the connecting plate 5 is provided with the handle 4. The plane of 1 both sides of yoke is connected with walking bearing structure, walking bearing structure comprises support piece 6 and pulley 7, and support piece 6 is connected in the plane of 1 both sides of yoke, support piece 6 is "7" type, and upper portion corner lower flat hugs closely in 1 extrados of yoke, and it has square groove 12 to open in the middle of the downside, and pulley 7 installs in square groove 12, and pulley 7 can be followed and detect the pipeline outer wall and slide. Walking bearing structure is connected with the pry bar structure, the pry bar structure comprises connecting piece 8, pry disc 9 and pry bar 10, and connecting piece 8 is connected in walking bearing structure one side, and pry disc 9 is installed in connecting piece 8 opposite side, and pry bar 10 is installed on pry disc 9, and the sharp and the rotatory axle center of pry disc 9 of pry bar 10 place do not coincide, and the rotatory axle center of pry disc 9 is eccentric. Connecting piece 8 one side is thin structure about the thickness for connecting piece 8 can not be scratched in rotatory pulley 7, and the opposite side has been stretched out and has been had two link 13, prizes dish 9 eccentric mounting between two link 13. The intrados of yoke 1 is connected with two permanent magnets 2, and permanent magnet 2 is the arch, and the intrados magnetism of two permanent magnets 2 is opposite, and two permanent magnet 2 intermediate junction have coil 3, and coil 3 is flexible coil, and 3 whole sections of coil are the arch, and its upper arc face coincides with 2 intrados of permanent magnet, and plane institute sight circle 3 is the tortuous shape of slope, and work wire 14 is long in end line 15, and work wire 14 is not perpendicular with end line 15. The cambered surface of the yoke 1 is also provided with a glue injection channel 11, and the coil 3 can be fixed through glue injection in the glue injection channel 11.
The use method comprises the following steps: the transverse wave mode pipeline external detection electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer is arranged on the outer surface of a detected pipeline, the two ends of the coil 3 are communicated with high-frequency high-voltage alternating current, the surface of a detected workpiece generates an eddy current effect, and eddy current particles are subjected to longitudinal mechanical vibration by a transverse bias magnetic field provided by a permanent magnet to generate transverse wave mode ultrasonic waves. And judging whether the detected pipeline has cracks or not according to the propagation condition of the ultrasonic waves in the pipeline. The helical guided waves can detect oblique, longitudinal, and circumferential cracks in the pipe. After detection, the current is cut off, the prying bar structures on two sides are pulled, and the energy converter is separated from the outer surface of the pipeline through eccentric rotation of the prying bar structures.
The invention relates to an electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer for detecting outside a transverse wave mode pipeline, and the proposed spiral guided wave concept and the generated spiral guided wave cover longitudinal guided waves and circumferential guided waves of the traditional research of a hollow cylinder. The electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave generation and the detection of pipeline defects in any direction with the arbitrarily settable helix angle have better universal applicability and wide popularization for the detection of ultrasonic pipeline defects, and are of great importance to the application of electromagnetic ultrasonic detection technology engineering. The pipeline cracks can be classified according to positions and trends: axial cracks, circumferential cracks and oblique cracks, with oblique cracks being the most common. The invention can realize the detection of cracks in any direction.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a transverse wave mode pipeline detects electromagnetism supersound spiral guided wave transducer outward, includes the yoke, grips the structure, walks bearing structure, crow bar structure, permanent magnet and coil, its characterized in that: the yoke is arched, the upper side of the outer arc surface of the yoke is connected with a holding structure, the planes on two sides of the yoke are connected with walking support structures, the walking support structures are connected with a crowbar structure, the inner arc surface of the yoke is connected with two permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are arched, the magnetism of the inner arc surfaces of the two permanent magnets is opposite, and a coil is connected between the two permanent magnets;
the coil is a flexible coil, the whole section of the coil is arched, the upper arc surface of the coil is superposed with the inner arc surface of the permanent magnet, the coil is in an inclined zigzag shape when viewed from the plane, the working lead is longer than the end line, and the working lead is not perpendicular to the end line.
2. The transverse wave mode electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer for detecting outside a pipeline according to claim 1, wherein: the holding structure is composed of a handle and a connecting plate, the connecting plate is an arc-shaped metal plate and is connected with and tightly attached to the outer arc surface of the yoke, and the outer arc surface of the connecting plate is provided with the handle.
3. The transverse wave mode electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer for detecting outside a pipeline according to claim 1, wherein: the walking supporting structure is composed of supporting pieces and pulleys, the supporting pieces are connected to planes on two sides of the yoke, and the pulleys are installed on the lower portions of the supporting pieces.
4. The transverse wave mode electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer for detecting the outside of the pipeline as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pry bar structure is composed of a connecting piece, a pry disc and a pry bar, the connecting piece is connected to one side of the walking supporting structure, the pry disc is installed on the other side of the connecting piece, and the pry bar is installed on the pry disc.
5. The transverse wave mode electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer for detecting outside a pipeline according to claim 4, wherein: the straight line of the pry bar is not coincident with the rotation axis of the pry disc, and the rotation axis of the pry disc is eccentric.
6. The transverse wave mode electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer for detecting outside a pipeline according to claim 3, wherein: the supporting piece is 7-shaped, the lower plane at the corner of the upper part is tightly attached to the outer arc surface of the yoke, the middle of the lower side is provided with a square groove, and the pulley is arranged in the square groove.
7. The transverse wave mode electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer for detecting the outside of the pipeline as claimed in claim 4, wherein: one side of the connecting piece is of a structure with a thin upper part and a thick lower part, the other side of the connecting piece stretches out to form two connecting ends, and the prying disc is arranged between the two connecting ends.
8. The transverse wave mode electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer for detecting the outside of the pipeline according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 6, characterized in that: and the arc surface of the yoke is provided with a glue injection channel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710522185.6A CN107413610B (en) | 2017-06-30 | 2017-06-30 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer for external detection of transverse wave mode pipeline |
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| CN201710522185.6A CN107413610B (en) | 2017-06-30 | 2017-06-30 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic spiral guided wave transducer for external detection of transverse wave mode pipeline |
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| CN107413610B true CN107413610B (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2008756A (en) * | 1977-09-30 | 1979-06-06 | Ti Group Services Ltd | Ultrasonic Inspection of Tubes |
| JPH07174732A (en) * | 1993-12-17 | 1995-07-14 | Nippon Steel Corp | Electromagnetic equipment for ultrasonic flaw detection |
| JPH1048068A (en) * | 1996-08-02 | 1998-02-20 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer |
| US6578424B1 (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2003-06-17 | Digital Wave Corporation | Hand-held variable angle membrane (VAM) ultrasonic scanning head for the noninvasive detection of corrosion, MIC and foreign objects in pipes |
| CN101424663A (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2009-05-06 | 清华大学 | Gas pipeline crack electromagnetical ultrasonic oblique wave guide detecting method |
| CN101813670A (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2010-08-25 | 清华大学 | Pipeline axial ultrasonic guided wave energy exchange probe |
| CN102520068A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-06-27 | 暨南大学 | Rail destruction detection device and method based on magnetostriction and longitudinal ultrasonic guided wave |
| CN104597138A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-05-06 | 钢研纳克检测技术有限公司 | Spiral guided wave electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer for detecting longitudinal and transverse defects of thin-wall steel pipe |
| CN105548352A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-05-04 | 苏州博昇科技有限公司 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer of end portion-free detection blind area |
| CN206868549U (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2018-01-12 | 沈阳工业大学 | Electromagnetic acoustic spiral wave guide energy converter is detected outside a kind of transverse mode pipeline |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6578422B2 (en) * | 2001-08-14 | 2003-06-17 | Varco I/P, Inc. | Ultrasonic detection of flaws in tubular members |
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2017
- 2017-06-30 CN CN201710522185.6A patent/CN107413610B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2008756A (en) * | 1977-09-30 | 1979-06-06 | Ti Group Services Ltd | Ultrasonic Inspection of Tubes |
| JPH07174732A (en) * | 1993-12-17 | 1995-07-14 | Nippon Steel Corp | Electromagnetic equipment for ultrasonic flaw detection |
| JPH1048068A (en) * | 1996-08-02 | 1998-02-20 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer |
| US6578424B1 (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2003-06-17 | Digital Wave Corporation | Hand-held variable angle membrane (VAM) ultrasonic scanning head for the noninvasive detection of corrosion, MIC and foreign objects in pipes |
| CN101424663A (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2009-05-06 | 清华大学 | Gas pipeline crack electromagnetical ultrasonic oblique wave guide detecting method |
| CN101813670A (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2010-08-25 | 清华大学 | Pipeline axial ultrasonic guided wave energy exchange probe |
| CN102520068A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-06-27 | 暨南大学 | Rail destruction detection device and method based on magnetostriction and longitudinal ultrasonic guided wave |
| CN104597138A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-05-06 | 钢研纳克检测技术有限公司 | Spiral guided wave electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer for detecting longitudinal and transverse defects of thin-wall steel pipe |
| CN105548352A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-05-04 | 苏州博昇科技有限公司 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer of end portion-free detection blind area |
| CN206868549U (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2018-01-12 | 沈阳工业大学 | Electromagnetic acoustic spiral wave guide energy converter is detected outside a kind of transverse mode pipeline |
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