CN107400803B - Ti-Al alloy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ti-Al alloy material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107400803B CN107400803B CN201710605828.3A CN201710605828A CN107400803B CN 107400803 B CN107400803 B CN 107400803B CN 201710605828 A CN201710605828 A CN 201710605828A CN 107400803 B CN107400803 B CN 107400803B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Ti-Al alloy materials and preparation method thereof, wherein Ti-Al alloy material, by basis material, toughening phase and enhancing phase composition；Wherein, basis material includes following mass fraction：Ti 70~72.5；Al 25；Mo 1；Toughening includes mutually following mass fraction：HfC 0.8~1.5；Ta 0.5；VN 0.2~2；Reinforced phase is graphene, and matched mass fraction is 0 ~ 1.5.The intensity and toughness of Ti-Al alloy material are relatively high according to the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Ti-Al alloy materials and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Titanium aluminium is intermetallic compound, and due to good mechanical performance, and density is relatively low, can replace it is traditional with
Nickel is the high temperature alloy of base（Density is only half of nickel-base alloy or so）.Titanium-aluminium alloy has high elastic modulus, creep resistant, resists
The excellent performances such as oxidation, Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant receive always the concern of researcher as light heat-resisting structural material, have prodigious
Development and application potential, are widely used in the key areas such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, military affairs and machinery by its excellent performance.
In order to improve the deficiency of 800 DEG C of moulding titanium-aluminium alloy room temperature, wearability and high temperature or less inoxidizability performance, alloy
Change is a kind of effective method.Titanium aluminium base alloy structure property is studied in macro treasured et al., in titanium aluminium base alloy
Cr, Nb, B etc. are added on matrix prepares hard phase Dispersed precipitate, fine, uniform TiAl composite constructions alloy nano-powder.
Graphene is in metal-base composites at present（Cu、Al、Ni）Application study find：The addition of graphene will significantly improve material
The mechanical property and frictional behaviour of material, but reported seldom, using the high intensity of graphene by the research of matrix of titanium-aluminium alloy
The titanium-aluminium matrix composites that low-friction coefficient and high-wear resistance are prepared with toughness properties have the application of titanium-aluminium matrix composites
It holds out broad prospects.
It is mainly realized at present by heat treatment appropriate to improve the processing method of titanium-aluminium alloy mechanical performance, so
And heat treatment can only improve alloy texture to a certain extent, material itself does not change, and there is congenital in other words
Deficiency, and be heat-treated generated alloy texture and be very easy to transform back into use.
In some implementations, in order to obtain more preferably mechanical performance, the addition content of the method by increasing titanium dosage, titanium is high
Up to 91% ~ 96%, the high expensive of titanium-aluminium alloy can be caused.
In some implementations, then the niobium for being no less than gross weight 30% is added in titanium-aluminium alloy, to improve the strong of titanium-aluminium alloy
Degree and toughness, however the price of niobium is far above titanium（10 times or so）, the price of titanium-aluminium alloy can be significantly increased.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of nano-particle reinforcement toughening Ti-Al alloy materials, and the present invention also provides one
The preparation method of kind Ti-Al alloy material.
Embodiment according to the present invention provides a kind of Ti-Al alloy material, by basis material, toughening phase and reinforced phase group
At；
Wherein, basis material includes following mass fraction：
Ti 70~72.5；
Al 25；
Mo 1；
Toughening includes mutually following mass fraction：
HfC 0.8~1.5；
Ta 0.5；
VN 0.2~2；
Reinforced phase is graphene, and matched mass fraction is 0 ~ 1.5.
Above-mentioned Ti-Al alloy material, optionally, the mass fraction of Ti is preferably 72.
Optionally, HfC mass fractions are preferably 1；
VN mass fractions are preferably 0.5.
Optionally, the mass fraction of graphene is 0.25 ~ 0.90.
Embodiment according to the present invention additionally provides a kind of preparation method preparing foregoing Ti-Al alloy material,
Include the following steps：
1）Stock：Basis material, toughening phase and the reinforced phase powder for weighing specified rate, obtain material；
2）Ball milling mixing：By step 1）The material input ball mill of weighing carries out ball milling, obtains the mixture of given granularity；
3）Molding：The mixture is inserted and is molded to fixed mold.
Preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in step 2）In, material is put into ball mill
Before, mixed premix first is carried out to the rest materials in addition to reinforced phase, obtains premix.
Above-mentioned preparation method optionally when carrying out ball milling in the ball mill, first carries out ball milling at the first time to premix,
Then reinforced phase is put into again, further the second time of ball milling.
Optionally, it is at the first time 150min, the second time was 120min；
Drum's speed of rotation is 200rpm/min.
Optionally, the mold is graphite jig, and configured graphite jig sleeve diameter is 40mm.
Optionally, step 3）Molding has：
First forming method：First forming method is cold moudling, and the pressure of cold moudling is 35MPa, dwell time
For 20s；
Second forming method：Second forming method is hot-forming, and hot-forming pressure is 30MPa；
Blank after molding is sintered, and sintering temperature is 1250 DEG C, soaking time 30min, and when sintering need to be in vacuum
It is completed in room, the vacuum degree of vacuum chamber is 1 × 10-2Pa。
The titanium-aluminium alloy of embodiment according to the present invention has relatively high mechanical performance, is better than the biographies such as stainless steel and Ni bases
The high temperature alloy of system.Conventional titanium-aluminium alloy room temperature is moulding, inoxidizability performance is insufficient at 800 DEG C of wearability and high temperature；Graphite
Alkene is a kind of carbon of New Two Dimensional planar structure of current most thin, most tough, tool super large the specific surface area found in 2004
Nano material has excellent performance, makes an addition in titanium aluminum substrate, and the effect of refined crystalline strengthening and transfer shear stress reinforcing can change
The performance of kind titanium-aluminium alloy.In TiAl alloy, addition Mo can improve material at high temperature intensity, add the Mo of body-centered cubic structure
Afterwards, the growth of the α phases of Ti can be inhibited, significantly refining β phases makes crystallite dimension reduce, to improve the intensity of titanium-aluminium alloy；HfC
Addition have the function of precipitate dispersions, significantly improve material at high temperature intensity；The addition of Ta improves the ductility and toughness of material；
The driving force of VN easily forms tiny diffusing particle, inhibits particle coarsening, can improve material hardness and ductility.
Specific implementation mode
In an embodiment of the present invention, the content of Ti-Al alloy material each component is indicated using mass fraction.About this hair
Basis material in bright each embodiment includes Ti（Titanium）、Al（Aluminium）And Mo（Molybdenum）；Toughening includes mutually HfC（Hafnium carbide）、Ta（Tantalum）
And VN（Vanadium nitride）；Reinforced phase is graphene.
Embodiment 1：
The present embodiment Ti-Al alloy material by following mass fraction material：72（Part, remaining embodiment is omitted）Ti, 25 parts
Al, 1 part of Mo, 1 part of HfC, 0.5 part of Ta, 0.5 part of VN.As a comparison, graphene is not added in the present embodiment.
Graphene can enhance the mechanical property of Ti-Al alloy material, and the addition of graphene can effectively improve alloy structure,
Improve the mechanical property of composite material.
The preparation method of titanium-aluminium alloy is as follows in the present embodiment：
1）Stock, stocked up originally according to the Ti-Al alloy material of the present embodiment, and the standby each component material of institute is powder,
It is referred to collectively as material.
2）By weighted material and steel ball according to ball material mass ratio be 8：1（Steel ball size 10mm, 6mm or 3mm）Ratio
Example be put into the clean stainless steel jar mill of pre-wash, on KE-2L type planetary ball mills mechanical ball mill, be uniformly mixed
To the mixed-powder pre-processed.
3）It is sieved the good powder of ball milling is to be restored, is then filled in graphite jig using 200 mesh screens to after room temperature,
Graphite jig is slowly placed on universal testing machine, carries out compression moulding, sets dwell time 20s.
4）Cold pressing blank after the completion of compacting is placed in vertical vacuum hot pressed sintering and is sintered sample.
Wherein sintering process：Room temperature to 600 DEG C, heating rate is 10 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 10min；It 600 DEG C to 900 DEG C, rises
Warm rate is 5 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 15min；900 DEG C to 1250 DEG C, heating rate be 5 DEG C/min, soaking time 30min, burn
Knot pressure power is 35MPa.
Mixture need to be avoided to aoxidize when sintering, provide vacuum chamber, the vacuum degree of vacuum chamber is 10-2Pa。
The mechanical property of the Ti-Al alloy material prepared through the above steps is：Tensile strength 456MPa, yield strength
364MPa, hardness 37HV.
Before ball milling, material can be premixed, although required working hour increases, enable to the mixture after ball milling
More uniformly.
When ball milling, drum's speed of rotation 200rpm/min, Ball-milling Time needs to control in suitable range, when total ball milling
Between no less than 200min, if add graphene, remaining component in addition to graphene need to first be carried out ball milling at the first time, then
Put into the second time of ball milling again after graphene.
Wherein, it is preferably at the first time 150min, the second time was preferably 120min.
When two periods being divided to carry out ball milling, total Ball-milling Time is no less than 250min.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment Ti-Al alloy material includes the material of following mass fraction：72 Ti、25Al、1Mo、1HfC、0.5Ta、
0.5VN is denoted as mixing powder.
Addition graphene is reinforced phase, weighs 0.08 part of graphene（Following embodiment omits " part "）, with above-mentioned mixing
Powder becomes batch mixing jointly.
When preparation, because having added graphene, as previously mentioned, needing first to carry out ball milling at the first time to mixing powder, then
Graphene, the second time of further ball milling are put into again.
Remaining step of the preparation method of Ti-Al alloy material is the same as embodiment 1 in the present embodiment.
The mechanical property of prepared Ti-Al alloy material is：Tensile strength 467MPa, yield strength 369MPa, hardness
37HV。
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment Ti-Al alloy material includes the material of following mass fraction：72Ti、25Al、1Mo、1HfC、0.5Ta、
0.5VN is denoted as mixing powder；Graphene is further added in mixing powder, the graphene added is reinforced phase, graphene
Dosage be 0.25 part, with mix powder be referred to collectively as batch mixing.
The preparation method of Ti-Al alloy material is the same as embodiment 2 in the present embodiment.
The mechanical property of prepared Ti-Al alloy material is：Tensile strength 512MPa, yield strength 384MPa, hardness
45HV。
Embodiment 4：
The present embodiment Ti-Al alloy material includes the material of following mass fraction：72Ti、25Al、1Mo、1HfC、0.5Ta、
0.5VN remembers that these groups are divided into mixing powder；Further comprise graphene, graphene is as reinforced phase, the graphene that is added
0.4 part, batch mixing is referred to collectively as with above-mentioned mixed-powder.
The preparation method of Ti-Al alloy material is the same as embodiment 2 in the present embodiment.
The mechanical property of prepared Ti-Al alloy material is：Tensile strength 579MPa, yield strength 445MPa, hardness
44HV。
Embodiment 5：
The present embodiment Ti-Al alloy material includes the material of following mass fraction：72Ti、25Al、1Mo、1HfC、0.5Ta、
0.5VN remembers that these groups are divided into mixing powder；Further comprise graphene, as reinforced phase, the graphene added is graphene
0.56 part, batch mixing is referred to collectively as with above-mentioned mixed-powder.
The preparation method of Ti-Al alloy material is the same as embodiment 2 in the present embodiment.
The mechanical property of prepared Ti-Al alloy material is：Tensile strength 565MPa, yield strength 448MPa, hardness
42HV。
Embodiment 6：
The present embodiment Ti-Al alloy material includes the material of following mass fraction：72Ti、25Al、1Mo、1HfC、0.5Ta、
0.5VN remembers that these groups are divided into mixing powder；Further comprise graphene, as reinforced phase, the graphene added is graphene
0.72 part, batch mixing is referred to collectively as with above-mentioned mixed-powder.
The preparation method of Ti-Al alloy material is the same as embodiment 2 in the present embodiment.
The mechanical property of prepared Ti-Al alloy material is：Tensile strength 460MPa, yield strength 394MPa, hardness
40HV。
Embodiment 7：
The present embodiment Ti-Al alloy material includes the material of following mass fraction：72Ti、25Al、1Mo、1HfC、0.5Ta、
0.5VN remembers that these groups are divided into mixing powder；Further comprise graphene, as reinforced phase, the graphene added is graphene
0.44 part, batch mixing is referred to collectively as with above-mentioned mixed-powder.
The preparation method of Ti-Al alloy material is the same as embodiment 2 in the present embodiment.
The mechanical property of prepared Ti-Al alloy material is：Tensile strength 493MPa, yield strength 390MPa, hardness
40HV。
Embodiment 8：
The present embodiment Ti-Al alloy material by following mass fraction material：72Ti、25Al、1Mo、1HfC、0.5Ta、
0.5VN remembers that these groups are divided into mixing powder；Further comprise graphene, as reinforced phase, the graphene added is graphene
1.05 parts, batch mixing is referred to collectively as with above-mentioned mixed-powder.
The preparation method of Ti-Al alloy material is the same as embodiment 2 in the present embodiment.
The mechanical property of prepared Ti-Al alloy material is：Tensile strength 454MPa, yield strength 376MPa, hardness
37HV。
Embodiment 9：
The present embodiment Ti-Al alloy material includes the material of following mass fraction：72Ti、25Al、1Mo、1HfC、0.5Ta、
0.5VN remembers that these groups are divided into mixing powder；Further comprise graphene, as reinforced phase, the graphene added is graphene
1.2 parts, batch mixing is referred to collectively as with above-mentioned mixed-powder.
The preparation method of Ti-Al alloy material is the same as embodiment 2 in the present embodiment.
The mechanical property of prepared Ti-Al alloy material is：Tensile strength 478MPa, yield strength 385MPa, hardness
38HV。
By above-mentioned the experimental results showed that：The addition of graphene is evenly distributed in matrix, passes through hot pressed sintering, graphite
Alkene there are nucleation rate and coarsening rate that effective ground resistance stops titanium-aluminium alloy crystal grain, play the role of refined crystalline strengthening；Graphene is made
For reinforcing material, it is present in matrix in the form of the second phase, generates apparent strengthening effect, the specific surface area of graphene super large
It is easy to the interface cohesion of matrix, the movement of material stress Dislocations and distortion of lattice can be inhibited；The high intensity of graphene can be with
Dispersion plastic deformation so that the stress that titanium aluminum substrate is subject to reduces, and the mechanical property of material is improved.But graphene content mistake
More, hardly possible is uniformly mixed with matrix, is easily reunited, and cavity appearance is more in the sample prepared, reduces the mechanical property of material.
Therefore, the graphene of certain content can improve the mechanical property of material.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Ti-Al alloy material, which is characterized in that by basis material, toughening phase and enhancing phase composition；
Wherein, basis material includes following mass fraction：
Ti 70~72.5；
Al 25；
Mo 1；
Toughening includes mutually following mass fraction：
HfC 0.8~1.5；
Ta 0.5；
VN 0.2~2；
Reinforced phase is graphene, and matched mass fraction is 0 ~ 1.5.
2. Ti-Al alloy material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mass fraction of Ti is preferably 72.
3. Ti-Al alloy material according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that HfC mass fractions are preferably 1；
VN mass fractions are preferably 0.5.
4. Ti-Al alloy material according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the mass fraction of graphene be 0.25 ~
0.90。
5. a kind of preparation method preparing the Ti-Al alloy material as described in claim 1 ~ 4 is any, which is characterized in that including with
Lower step：
1）Stock：Basis material, toughening phase and the reinforced phase powder for weighing specified rate, obtain material；
2）Ball milling mixing：By step 1）The material input ball mill of weighing carries out ball milling, and the material after ball milling is sieved using 200 mesh
Net sieving, obtains mixture；
3）Molding：The mixture is inserted and is molded to fixed mold；
Wherein step 3）Molding has：
First forming method：First forming method is cold moudling, and the pressure of cold moudling is 35MPa, and the dwell time is
20s；Or
Second forming method：Second forming method is hot-forming, and hot-forming pressure is 30MPa；
Blank after molding is sintered, and sintering temperature is 1250 DEG C, soaking time 30min, is needed in a vacuum chamber when sintering
It completes, the vacuum degree of vacuum chamber is 1 × 10-2Pa。
6. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in step 2）In, before material is put into ball mill,
Mixed premix first is carried out to the rest materials in addition to reinforced phase, obtains premix.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that when carrying out ball milling in the ball mill, first to premix
Ball milling is carried out, then Ball-milling Time 150min puts into reinforced phase, further ball milling again, the time of further ball milling is
120min。
8. preparation method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that drum's speed of rotation 200rpm/min.
9. according to any preparation method of claim 5 ~ 8, which is characterized in that the mold is graphite jig, is configured
Graphite jig sleeve diameter is 40mm.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2001348635A (en) * | 2000-06-05 | 2001-12-18 | Nikkin Material:Kk | Titanium alloy excellent in cold workability and work hardening |
| US20060147335A1 (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2006-07-06 | Bewlay Bernard P | Niobium-silicide based compositions, and related articles |
| US20160145720A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-05-26 | General Electric Company | High Strength Alpha/Near-alpha Ti Alloys |
| CN105861866A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-08-17 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Metal-matrix composite material and preparation method thereof |
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