CN107396876A - A kind of cultivation mating system of bionic giant salamander - Google Patents
A kind of cultivation mating system of bionic giant salamander Download PDFInfo
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- CN107396876A CN107396876A CN201610338800.3A CN201610338800A CN107396876A CN 107396876 A CN107396876 A CN 107396876A CN 201610338800 A CN201610338800 A CN 201610338800A CN 107396876 A CN107396876 A CN 107396876A
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- 241000157862 Dicamptodontidae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
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- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
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- 241001365045 Clupeoides Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 241001275926 Hemiculter Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 18
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 18
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 244000241838 Lycium barbarum Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000015468 Lycium chinense Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000269799 Perca fluviatilis Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L thimerosal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940033663 thimerosal Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 3
- 244000131316 Panax pseudoginseng Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000021217 seedling development Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of cultivation mating system of bionic giant salamander.Including building plant, sterilization, parent's seed selection, artificial induced spawning and fertilization, going out Membrance cuiture, young salamander is raised and train and raise step into salamander.Giant salamander is cultivated using the cultural method of the present invention, each period is equipped with different bait so that seedling development is fast, and resistance is high, and survival rate is high, fast into salamander growing way, and the giant salamander than the cultural method cultivation of routine weighs more than 20%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, more particularly to a kind of cultivation of bionic giant salamander
Mating system.
Background technology
Giant salamander is called the giant salamander, belongs to national two level and lays special stress on protecting wild animal.In China giant salamander master
Originate in the mountain stream river in the Changjiang river, the Yellow River and Zhujiang River middle and upper reaches tributary, especially with Sichuan, lake
The provinces such as north, Hunan, Guizhou, Shaanxi are more.Giant salamander is in wild environment, general more happiness perch
Undderground river, covering spring with lime rock stratum and have in the mountain stream cave hole of current.It is mostly independent perch into salamander
And activity, cluster, is not fond of tranquility, keeps in dark place, fearing sound, happiness clear water, fear muddy water.Giant salamander is distributed
Most is lime rock stratum, the general 300~1500m of height above sea level or so, reaches as high as 3000m,
The cool moistening of weather temperature, sunshine is few, and cloud and mist is more, and precipitation is abundant, 12~17 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year.
The area of giant salamander life, river do not freeze typically, and pH value is often 5~7.5.Giant salamander sexal maturity evening,
Just start to breed for the first time to six to seven ages, giant salamander is oviparity, in vitro fertilization, is laid eggs within 1 year
Once.Weigh more than 500 grams, being raised under artificial condition also will reach commodity at least more than 3 years
Specification.Due to giant salamander artificial propagation more relative difficulty, therefore, giant salamander culture is not very universal,
It is only limitted to a small number of plants on the ground such as Jiangsu, Hubei, Guangdong.But in recent years, giant salamander is foster
Grow and widely paid attention to, be very promising famous-particular-excellent breed variety.
When existing artificially-cultured giant salamander, employ a variety of methods and giant salamander is carried out manually
Cultivation, its reproduction speed is slow, and seedling percent is low.
The content of the invention
To be bred in order to solve the above technical problems, the invention provides a kind of cultivation of bionic giant salamander
Method.Comprise the following steps：
1) pollution-free, water source is selected to facilitate abundant mountain area to build plant, plant is circle
Shape breeding pool, water inlet pipe and outlet pipe, feedwater and pumpway are provided with circular breeding pool
Water quantity holding is consistent, and the flow direction of water carries out high in and low out, the stream of water inlet pipe 45 ° of oblique angle water of holding
To Natural Circulation, dregs, mud and giant salamander excrement discharge naturally, needn't manual cleaning, water outlet
Pipe connects the bottom of circular breeding pool, and the outlet height of outlet pipe is apart from circular breeding pool
18cm is arranged at bottom, and outlet pipe is divided into outlet pipe A portions and outlet pipe B portions, outlet pipe A portions and water outlet
Pipe B portions are flexibly connected, and outlet pipe A portions are horizontally arranged at the bottom of circular breeding pool, work as needs
During blowdown, outlet pipe B portions are disassembled from outlet pipe A portions, you can carry out blowdown；Cultivation water
Multiple hole ponds are set in pond, from Shamian Island peak level to being fixed on 18cm, Ji Nengbao in the pond of hole
Card water level flooded giant salamander whole body completely, and it is ventilative that and can ensures that giant salamander can come back in the hole of pond；It is circular
There is Chi Gai on breeding pool, pond has covered multiple observation ports, and observation port can carry out observation giant salamander
Life dynamic, and can breathed freely；
2) sterilize, every cubic metre of pond is with 0.05L giant salamander Special sterilizing liquid (to giant salamander and water
Source is harmless pollution-free), then it is put into from water inlet, feedwater and draining are closed, and are maintained at 90 points
Within clock, then feedwater and draining is opened simultaneously, and current are banished naturally；Needn't manual cleaning；
3) parent's seed selection：The selection age is 6-10, and body weight is that the development of 6-12kg maturities is excellent
Good male and female giant salamander is as parent；
4) natural spawning and human assistance fertilization, it is cold training under the conditions of 11-12 DEG C to control temperature
Educate, cultivating process uses pH to keep abundant water, often for 6.8~7.1 long stream underground water
Oxygen oxygenation is changed, avoids frightening, it is relatively low to feed bait protein content to parent during breeding
Living body bait fish；Temperature is 14~15 DEG C；Artificial pairing or the antenatal 1-3 angels of female salamander are manually auxiliary
Complementary male salamander urges essence, female salamander to check the vigor of sperm in male salamander seminal fluid after hastening parturition in 72h；Female salamander opens
When there is chalaza discharge beginning, chalaza is pulled out and is put in ovum box by artificial assistance, selects vigor higher
Sperm is covered on chalaza, slightly dilution, is gently mixed uniformly, is sub-packed in incubation plate
Row hatching, 17-18 DEG C of incubation temperature, after being incubated 15min, is put into incubation adding oxygen in miniflow pond,
Illumination, pH value control is avoided to reject stopping in time in 7.0-7.1, hatching process in hatching process
Dead ovum, bad ovum and the chalaza of development；
5) Membrance cuiture is gone out：After giant salamander incubating oosperm 30 days, the giant salamander fry of firm membrane is put
Enter and temporarily supported in culture plate clean, that substrate is smooth, temperature control is at 15~16 DEG C, 3 Zhou Houkai
Begin to throw opening seedling feed B, feed daily 3 times, feeding front and rear 1 hour is adjusted to temperature
17-18 DEG C, clear water is changed after feeding 1 hour；
6) young salamander is raised and train：Young salamander is positioned in the hole pond of circular breeding pool, depth of water 10-20cm,
Water temperature is controlled at 15-16 DEG C, feeds feed C；Feed 3 times daily, feeding front and rear 1 hour will
Temperature is adjusted to 17-18 DEG C, and clear water is changed after feeding 1 hour；
7) raised into salamander, when young salamander grows to 10~15cm, by the hole pond of circular breeding pool
The adjustment depth of water is 10-20cm, and water temperature controls at 15-17 DEG C, feeds feed D, feed 3 daily
It is secondary.
Further, described feed B includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Earthworm 30~50 living
Part, red line worm 20-25 parts, Hemiculter clupeoides 14-18 parts, perch fish 5-10 parts.
Further, described artificial induced spawning medicine is HCG and LRH-a, HCG dosage are female salamander
950-1100IU/kg, male salamander 500-550IU/kg, LRH-a dosages are female salamander 9-12ug/kg, male
Salamander 4-6ug/kg.
Further, described feed B includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Earthworm 30~50 living
Part, red line worm 20-25 parts, Hemiculter clupeoides 14-18 parts, 3~5 parts of maize alcohol stillage, glutinous rice vinasse 1~3
Part, probiotics preparation 1-2 parts, 3~5 parts of yam flour, 1~3 part of wolfberry fruit powder.
Further, described feed C includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Earthworm 30~50 living
Part, red line worm 20-25 parts, 3~5 parts of maize alcohol stillage, 1~3 part of glutinous rice vinasse, probiotics preparation
1-2 parts, 3~5 parts of yam flour, 1~3 part of wolfberry fruit powder.
Further, described feed D includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Earthworm 30~50 living
Part, red line worm 20-25 parts, Hemiculter clupeoides 14-18 parts, perch fish 5-10 parts, maize alcohol stillage 3~5
Part, egg 10-15 parts, 1~3 part of glutinous rice vinasse, probiotics preparation 1-2 parts, yam flour 3~5
Part, 1~3 part of wolfberry fruit powder, 1~3 part of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 1~3 part of ginseng.
Further, described thimerosal contain 50~100ppm potassium permanganate and
20~40ppm hypochlorous acid.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：Giant salamander is cultivated using the cultural method of the present invention, each
Period is equipped with different feeds so that seedling development is fast, and resistance is high, and survival rate is high, into salamander
Growing way is fast, and the giant salamander than the cultural method cultivation of routine weighs more than 30%.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the partial schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is another partial schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the front view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is another partial schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure：1- circle breeding pools, 2- water inlet pipes, 3- outlet pipes, 4- Chi Gai, 31- water outlets
Pipe A portions, 32- outlet pipe B portions, 41- observation ports.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described further below, but claimed scope is not limited to
In described.
Embodiment one
The invention provides a kind of cultivation mating system of bionic giant salamander, comprise the following steps：
1) pollution-free, water source is selected to facilitate abundant mountain area to build plant, plant is circle
Shape breeding pool 1, be provided with circular breeding pool 1 water inlet pipe 2 and outlet pipe 3 (such as Fig. 1 and
Shown in Fig. 2), feedwater is consistent with pumpway water quantity holding, and the flow direction of water carries out high in and low out, entered
What water pipe 2 kept 45 ° of oblique angle water flows to Natural Circulation (as shown in Figure 3), dregs, mud and
Giant salamander excrement discharges naturally, needn't manual cleaning；Outlet pipe 3 connects the bottom of circular breeding pool 1
Portion's (as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5), the outlet height of outlet pipe 3 is apart from the bottom of circular breeding pool
Have a 18cm, outlet pipe 3 divides for outlet pipe A portions 31 and outlet pipe B portions 32, outlet pipe A portions 31 with
Outlet pipe B32 portions are flexibly connected, and outlet pipe A portions 31 are horizontally arranged at the bottom of circular breeding pool
Portion, when needing blowdown, outlet pipe B portions 32 are disassembled from outlet pipe A portions, you can carry out
Blowdown；Multiple hole ponds are set in breeding pool, from Shamian Island peak level to being fixed in the pond of hole
18cm, can guaranteed water level flooded giant salamander whole body completely, and can ensures giant salamander energy in the hole of pond
Come back ventilative；There is pond lid 4 (as shown in Figure 2) on circular breeding pool 1, have on pond lid 4 multiple
Observation port 41, observation port 41 can carry out observing the life dynamic of giant salamander, and and can is breathed freely；
2) sterilize, every cubic metre of pond is cleaned with 0.05L thimerosals, then cleaned with clear water
Twice, then soaked more than 5 days with clear water, then pond is filled after removing water；Described sterilization
Liquid contains 50~100ppm potassium permanganate and 20~40ppm hypochlorous acid；
3) parent's seed selection：The selection age is 6-10, and body weight is 6-12kg male and female giant salamander conduct
Parent；
4) artificial induced spawning and fertilization, it is cold cultivation under the conditions of 11-12 DEG C to control temperature, is cultivated
Process uses pH to keep abundant water for 6.8~7.1 long stream underground water, often change oxygen oxygenation,
Avoid frightening, to parent's feed for nursing A during breeding；It is small in preceding the latter of feed for nursing
When it is interior adjustment temperature be 14~15 DEG C；Female salamander is hastened parturition male salamander for 1-3 days before hastening parturition, and uses artificial induced spawning
Medicine, the vigor of sperm in male salamander seminal fluid is checked after female salamander is hastened parturition in 72h；Female salamander begins with ovum
During band discharge, chalaza is pulled out and is put in ovum box by artificial assistance, and the higher sperm of selection vigor covers
It is placed on chalaza, slightly dilution, is gently mixed uniformly, is sub-packed in incubation plate and is hatched,
17-18 DEG C of incubation temperature, after being incubated 15min, incubation adding oxygen in miniflow pond is put into, was hatched
Illumination, pH value control are avoided in journey, and in 7.0-7.1, hatching process is rejected in time stops development
Dead ovum, bad ovum and chalaza；
Described feed A includes following raw material：Earthworm 30kg living, red line worm 20kg, Hemiculter clupeoides
14kg, perch fish 5kg；After wherein Hemiculter clupeoides and perch fish reject fish-bone, a length of 4cm is cut into
Cutlet；
Described artificial induced spawning medicine is HCG and LRH-a, HCG dosage are female salamander
950-1100IU/kg, male salamander 500-550IU/kg, LRH-a dosages are female salamander 9-12ug/kg, male
Salamander 4-6ug/kg.
5) Membrance cuiture is gone out：After giant salamander incubating oosperm 30 days, the giant salamander fry of firm membrane is put
Enter and temporarily supported in culture plate clean, that substrate is smooth, temperature control is at 15~16 DEG C, 3 Zhou Houkai
Begin to throw opening seedling feed B, feed daily 3 times, feeding front and rear 1 hour is adjusted to temperature
17-18 DEG C, clear water is changed after feeding 1 hour；Described feed B includes following raw material：Earthworm living
Earthworm 30kg, red line worm 20kg, Hemiculter clupeoides 14kg, maize alcohol stillage 3kg, glutinous rice vinasse 1kg, benefit
Probiotics preparation 1kg, yam flour 3kg, wolfberry fruit powder 1kg；Feed B manufacture craft is, by jade
Rice wine grain and glutinous rice vinasse are polished into juice, are smashed after Hemiculter clupeoides are picked a bone, will living earthworm, red
Nematode is smashed, and then mixes all raw materials；
6) young salamander is raised and train：Young salamander is positioned in circular breeding pool, depth of water 10-20cm, water temperature
Control feeds feed C at 15-16 DEG C；Feed 3 times daily, feed front and rear 1 hour by temperature
17-18 DEG C is adjusted to, clear water is changed after feeding 1 hour；Described feed C includes following raw material：
Work earthworm 30kg, red line worm 20kg, maize alcohol stillage 3kg, glutinous rice vinasse 1kg, probiotics preparation
1kg, yam flour 3kg, wolfberry fruit powder 1kg, feed C preparation method are：By maize alcohol stillage
Juice is polished into glutinous rice vinasse, earthworm living, red line worm will be smashed, then by all raw materials
Mixing；
7) raised into salamander, when young salamander grows to 10~15cm, by the hole pond of circular breeding pool
The adjustment depth of water is 10-20cm, and water temperature controls at 15-17 DEG C, feeds feed D, feed 3 daily
It is secondary.Described feed D includes following raw material：Earthworm 30kg living, red line worm 20kg, Hemiculter clupeoides
It is 14kg, perch fish 5kg, maize alcohol stillage 3kg, egg 10kg, glutinous rice vinasse 1kg, prebiotic
Bacteria preparation 1kg, yam flour 3kg, wolfberry fruit powder 1kg, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 1kg, ginseng 1kg；Feed D's
Preparation method be：Maize alcohol stillage and glutinous rice vinasse are polished into juice, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, ginseng are beaten
Grinds, 4cm thin cutlet is cut into after Hemiculter clupeoides are picked a bone, then mixes all raw materials.
Embodiment two
The invention provides a kind of cultivation mating system of bionic giant salamander, comprise the following steps：
1) pollution-free, water source is selected to facilitate abundant mountain area to build plant, plant is circle
Shape breeding pool 1, be provided with circular breeding pool 1 water inlet pipe 2 and outlet pipe 3 (such as Fig. 1 and
Shown in Fig. 2), feedwater is consistent with pumpway water quantity holding, and the flow direction of water carries out high in and low out, entered
What water pipe 2 kept 45 ° of oblique angle water flows to Natural Circulation (as shown in Figure 3), dregs, mud and
Giant salamander excrement discharges naturally, needn't manual cleaning；Outlet pipe 3 connects the bottom of circular breeding pool 1
Portion's (as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5), the outlet height of outlet pipe 3 is apart from the bottom of circular breeding pool
Have a 18cm, outlet pipe 3 divides for outlet pipe A portions 31 and outlet pipe B portions 32, outlet pipe A portions 31 with
Outlet pipe B32 portions are flexibly connected, and outlet pipe A portions 31 are horizontally arranged at the bottom of circular breeding pool
Portion, when needing blowdown, outlet pipe B portions 32 are disassembled from outlet pipe A portions, you can carry out
Blowdown；Multiple hole ponds are set in breeding pool, from Shamian Island peak level to being fixed in the pond of hole
18cm, can guaranteed water level flooded giant salamander whole body completely, and can ensures giant salamander energy in the hole of pond
Come back ventilative；There is pond lid 4 (as shown in Figure 2) on circular breeding pool 1, have on pond lid 4 multiple
Observation port 41, observation port 41 can carry out observing the life dynamic of giant salamander, and and can is breathed freely；
2) sterilize, every cubic metre of pond is cleaned with 0.05L thimerosals, then cleaned with clear water
Twice, then soaked more than 5 days with clear water, then pond is filled after removing water；Described sterilization
Liquid contains 50~100ppm potassium permanganate and 20~40ppm hypochlorous acid；
3) parent's seed selection：The selection age is 6-10, and body weight is 6-12kg male and female giant salamander conduct
Parent；
4) artificial induced spawning and fertilization, it is cold cultivation under the conditions of 11-12 DEG C to control temperature, is cultivated
Process uses pH to keep abundant water for 6.8~7.1 long stream underground water, often change oxygen oxygenation,
Avoid frightening, to parent's feed for nursing A during breeding；It is small in preceding the latter of feed for nursing
When it is interior adjustment temperature be 14~15 DEG C；Female salamander is hastened parturition male salamander for 1-3 days before hastening parturition, and uses artificial induced spawning
Medicine, the vigor of sperm in male salamander seminal fluid is checked after female salamander is hastened parturition in 72h；Female salamander begins with ovum
During band discharge, chalaza is pulled out and is put in ovum box by artificial assistance, and the higher sperm of selection vigor covers
It is placed on chalaza, slightly dilution, is gently mixed uniformly, is sub-packed in incubation plate and is hatched,
17-18 DEG C of incubation temperature, after being incubated 15min, incubation adding oxygen in miniflow pond is put into, was hatched
Illumination, pH value control are avoided in journey, and in 7.0-7.1, hatching process is rejected in time stops development
Dead ovum, bad ovum and chalaza；
Described feed A includes following raw material：Earthworm 50kg living, red line worm 25kg, Hemiculter clupeoides
18kg, perch fish 10kg；After wherein Hemiculter clupeoides and perch fish reject fish-bone, a length of 4cm is cut into
Cutlet；
Described artificial induced spawning medicine is HCG and LRH-a, HCG dosage are female salamander
950-1100IU/kg, male salamander 500-550IU/kg, LRH-a dosages are female salamander 9-12ug/kg, male
Salamander 4-6ug/kg.
5) Membrance cuiture is gone out：After giant salamander incubating oosperm 30 days, the giant salamander fry of firm membrane is put
Enter and temporarily supported in culture plate clean, that substrate is smooth, temperature control is at 15~16 DEG C, 3 Zhou Houkai
Begin to throw opening seedling feed B, feed daily 3 times, feeding front and rear 1 hour is adjusted to temperature
17-18 DEG C, clear water is changed after feeding 1 hour；Described feed B includes following raw material：Earthworm living
Earthworm 50kg, red line worm 25kg, Hemiculter clupeoides 18kg, maize alcohol stillage 5kg, 1~3kg of glutinous rice vinasse,
Probiotics preparation 2kg, yam flour 5kg, wolfberry fruit powder 3kg；Feed B manufacture craft is to incite somebody to action
Maize alcohol stillage and glutinous rice vinasse are polished into juice, are smashed after Hemiculter clupeoides are picked a bone, the earthworm that will live,
Red line worm is smashed, and then mixes all raw materials；
6) young salamander is raised and train：Young salamander is positioned in circular breeding pool, depth of water 10-20cm, water temperature
Control feeds feed C at 15-16 DEG C；Feed 3 times daily, feed front and rear 1 hour by temperature
17-18 DEG C is adjusted to, clear water is changed after feeding 1 hour；Described feed C includes following raw material：
Work earthworm 50kg, red line worm 25kg, maize alcohol stillage 5kg, glutinous rice vinasse 3kg, probiotics preparation
2kg, yam flour 5kg, wolfberry fruit powder 3kg, feed C preparation method are：By maize alcohol stillage
Juice is polished into glutinous rice vinasse, earthworm living, red line worm will be smashed, then by all raw materials
Mixing；
7) raised into salamander, when young salamander grows to 10~15cm, by the hole pond of circular breeding pool
The adjustment depth of water is 10-20cm, and water temperature controls at 15-17 DEG C, feeds feed D, feed 3 daily
It is secondary.Described feed D includes following raw material：30~50kg of earthworm living, red line worm 25kg, informal voucher
Fish 18kg, perch fish 10kg, maize alcohol stillage 5kg, egg 10-15kg, glutinous rice vinasse 3kg,
Probiotics preparation 2kg, yam flour 5kg, wolfberry fruit powder 3kg, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 3kg, ginseng 3kg；The feed
D preparation method is：Maize alcohol stillage and glutinous rice vinasse are polished into juice, by Radix Angelicae Sinensis, people
Ginseng is polished into powder, and 4cm thin cutlet is cut into after Hemiculter clupeoides are picked a bone, then mixes all raw materials
Close.
Embodiment three
The invention provides a kind of cultivation mating system of bionic giant salamander, comprise the following steps：
1) pollution-free, water source is selected to facilitate abundant mountain area to build plant, plant is circle
Shape breeding pool 1, be provided with circular breeding pool 1 water inlet pipe 2 and outlet pipe 3 (such as Fig. 1 and
Shown in Fig. 2), feedwater is consistent with pumpway water quantity holding, and the flow direction of water carries out high in and low out, entered
What water pipe 2 kept 45 ° of oblique angle water flows to Natural Circulation (as shown in Figure 3), dregs, mud and
Giant salamander excrement discharges naturally, needn't manual cleaning；Outlet pipe 3 connects the bottom of circular breeding pool 1
Portion's (as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5), the outlet height of outlet pipe 3 is apart from the bottom of circular breeding pool
Have a 18cm, outlet pipe 3 divides for outlet pipe A portions 31 and outlet pipe B portions 32, outlet pipe A portions 31 with
Outlet pipe B32 portions are flexibly connected, and outlet pipe A portions 31 are horizontally arranged at the bottom of circular breeding pool
Portion, when needing blowdown, outlet pipe B portions 32 are disassembled from outlet pipe A portions, you can carry out
Blowdown；Multiple hole ponds are set in breeding pool, from Shamian Island peak level to being fixed in the pond of hole
18cm, can guaranteed water level flooded giant salamander whole body completely, and can ensures giant salamander energy in the hole of pond
Come back ventilative；There is pond lid 4 (as shown in Figure 2) on circular breeding pool 1, have on pond lid 4 multiple
Observation port 41, observation port 41 can carry out observing the life dynamic of giant salamander, and and can is breathed freely；
2) sterilize, every cubic metre of pond is cleaned with 0.05L thimerosals, then cleaned with clear water
Twice, then soaked more than 5 days with clear water, then pond is filled after removing water；Described sterilization
Liquid contains 50~100ppm potassium permanganate and 20~40ppm hypochlorous acid；
3) parent's seed selection：The selection age is 6-10, and body weight is 6-12kg male and female giant salamander conduct
Parent；
4) artificial induced spawning and fertilization, it is cold cultivation under the conditions of 11-12 DEG C to control temperature, is cultivated
Process uses pH to keep abundant water for 6.8~7.1 long stream underground water, often change oxygen oxygenation,
Avoid frightening, to parent's feed for nursing A during breeding；It is small in preceding the latter of feed for nursing
When it is interior adjustment temperature be 14~15 DEG C；Female salamander is hastened parturition male salamander for 1-3 days before hastening parturition, and uses artificial induced spawning
Medicine, the vigor of sperm in male salamander seminal fluid is checked after female salamander is hastened parturition in 72h；Female salamander begins with ovum
During band discharge, chalaza is pulled out and is put in ovum box by artificial assistance, and the higher sperm of selection vigor covers
It is placed on chalaza, slightly dilution, is gently mixed uniformly, is sub-packed in incubation plate and is hatched,
17-18 DEG C of incubation temperature, after being incubated 15min, incubation adding oxygen in miniflow pond is put into, was hatched
Illumination, pH value control are avoided in journey, and in 7.0-7.1, hatching process is rejected in time stops development
Dead ovum, bad ovum and chalaza；
Described feed A includes following raw material：Earthworm 40kg living, red line worm 23kg, Hemiculter clupeoides
16kg, perch fish 7kg；After wherein Hemiculter clupeoides and perch fish reject fish-bone, a length of 4cm is cut into
Cutlet；
Described artificial induced spawning medicine is HCG and LRH-a, HCG dosage are female salamander
950-1100IU/kg, male salamander 500-550IU/kg, LRH-a dosages are female salamander 9-12ug/kg, male
Salamander 4-6ug/kg.
5) Membrance cuiture is gone out：After giant salamander incubating oosperm 30 days, the giant salamander fry of firm membrane is put
Enter and temporarily supported in culture plate clean, that substrate is smooth, temperature control is at 15~16 DEG C, 3 Zhou Houkai
Begin to throw opening seedling feed B, feed daily 3 times, feeding front and rear 1 hour is adjusted to temperature
17-18 DEG C, clear water is changed after feeding 1 hour；Described feed B includes following raw material：Earthworm living
Earthworm 40kg, red line worm 23kg, Hemiculter clupeoides 16kg, maize alcohol stillage 4kg, glutinous rice vinasse 2kg, benefit
Probiotics preparation 1.5kg, yam flour 4kg, wolfberry fruit powder 2kg；Feed B manufacture craft is to incite somebody to action
Maize alcohol stillage and glutinous rice vinasse are polished into juice, are smashed after Hemiculter clupeoides are picked a bone, the earthworm that will live,
Red line worm is smashed, and then mixes all raw materials；
6) young salamander is raised and train：Young salamander is positioned in circular breeding pool, depth of water 10-20cm, water temperature
Control feeds feed C at 15-16 DEG C；Feed 3 times daily, feed front and rear 1 hour by temperature
17-18 DEG C is adjusted to, clear water is changed after feeding 1 hour；Described feed C includes following raw material：
Work earthworm 40kg, red line worm 23kg, maize alcohol stillage 4kg, glutinous rice vinasse 2kg, probiotics preparation
1.5kg, yam flour 4kg, wolfberry fruit powder 2kg, feed C preparation method are：By corn wine
Grain and glutinous rice vinasse are polished into juice, will smash earthworm living, red line worm, then by all originals
Material mixing；
7) raised into salamander, when young salamander grows to 10~15cm, by the hole pond of circular breeding pool
The adjustment depth of water is 10-20cm, and water temperature controls at 15-17 DEG C, feeds feed D, feed 3 daily
It is secondary.Described feed D includes following weight kg raw material：Earthworm 40kg, red line worm 23kg living,
Hemiculter clupeoides 16kg, perch fish 7kg, maize alcohol stillage 4kg, egg 12kg, glutinous rice vinasse 2kg,
Probiotics preparation 1.5kg, yam flour 4kg, wolfberry fruit powder 2kg, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 2kg, ginseng 2kg；The feeding
Material D preparation method be：Maize alcohol stillage and glutinous rice vinasse are polished into juice, by Radix Angelicae Sinensis,
Ginseng is polished into powder, and 4cm thin cutlet is cut into after Hemiculter clupeoides are picked a bone, then by all raw materials
Mixing.
Claims (7)
1. the cultivation mating system of a kind of bionic giant salamander, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) pollution-free, water source is selected to facilitate abundant mountain area to build plant, plant is circle
Shape breeding pool, water inlet pipe and outlet pipe, feedwater and pumpway are provided with circular breeding pool
Water quantity holding is consistent, and the flow direction of water carries out high in and low out, the stream of water inlet pipe 45 ° of oblique angle water of holding
To Natural Circulation, dregs, mud and giant salamander excrement discharge naturally, needn't manual cleaning, water outlet
Pipe connects the bottom of circular breeding pool, and the outlet height of outlet pipe is apart from circular breeding pool
18cm is arranged at bottom, and outlet pipe is divided into outlet pipe A portions and outlet pipe B portions, outlet pipe A portions and water outlet
Pipe B portions are flexibly connected, and outlet pipe A portions are horizontally arranged at the bottom of circular breeding pool, work as needs
During blowdown, outlet pipe B portions are disassembled from outlet pipe A portions, you can carry out blowdown；Cultivation water
Multiple hole ponds are set in pond, from Shamian Island peak level to being fixed on 18cm, Ji Nengbao in the pond of hole
Card water level flooded giant salamander whole body completely, and it is ventilative that and can ensures that giant salamander can come back in the hole of pond；It is circular
There is Chi Gai on breeding pool, pond has covered multiple observation ports, and observation port can carry out observation giant salamander
Life dynamic, and can breathed freely；
2) sterilize, every cubic metre of pond is with 0.05L giant salamander Special sterilizing liquid (to giant salamander and water
Source is harmless pollution-free), then it is put into from water inlet, feedwater and draining are closed, and are maintained at 90 points
Within clock, then feedwater and draining is opened simultaneously, and current are banished naturally；Needn't manual cleaning；
3) parent's seed selection：The selection age is 6-10, and body weight is that the development of 6-12kg maturities is excellent
Good male and female giant salamander is as parent；
4) natural spawning and human assistance fertilization, it is cold training under the conditions of 11-12 DEG C to control temperature
Educate, cultivating process uses pH to keep abundant water, often for 6.8~7.1 long stream underground water
Oxygen oxygenation is changed, avoids frightening, it is relatively low to feed bait protein content to parent during breeding
Living body bait fish；Temperature is 14~15 DEG C；Artificial pairing or the antenatal 1-3 angels of female salamander are manually auxiliary
Complementary male salamander urges essence, female salamander to check the vigor of sperm in male salamander seminal fluid after hastening parturition in 72h；Female salamander opens
When there is chalaza discharge beginning, chalaza is pulled out and is put in ovum box by artificial assistance, selects vigor higher
Sperm is covered on chalaza, slightly dilution, is gently mixed uniformly, is sub-packed in incubation plate
Row hatching, 17-18 DEG C of incubation temperature, after being incubated 15min, is put into incubation adding oxygen in miniflow pond,
Illumination, pH value control is avoided to reject stopping in time in 7.0-7.1, hatching process in hatching process
Dead ovum, bad ovum and the chalaza of development；
5) Membrance cuiture is gone out：After giant salamander incubating oosperm 30 days, the giant salamander fry of firm membrane is put
Enter and temporarily supported in culture plate clean, that substrate is smooth, temperature control is at 15~16 DEG C, 3 Zhou Houkai
Begin to throw opening seedling feed B, feed daily 3 times, feeding front and rear 1 hour is adjusted to temperature
17-18 DEG C, clear water is changed after feeding 1 hour；
6) young salamander is raised and train：Young salamander is positioned in the hole pond of circular breeding pool, depth of water 10-20cm,
Water temperature is controlled at 15-16 DEG C, feeds feed C；Feed 3 times daily, feeding front and rear 1 hour will
Temperature is adjusted to 17-18 DEG C, and clear water is changed after feeding 1 hour；
7) raised into salamander, when young salamander grows to 10~15cm, by the hole pond of circular breeding pool
The adjustment depth of water is 10-20cm, and water temperature controls at 15-17 DEG C, feeds feed D, feed 3 daily
It is secondary.
2. the cultivation mating system of bionic giant salamander as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Described feed A includes the raw material of following parts by weight：30~50 parts of earthworm living, red line worm 20-25
Part, Hemiculter clupeoides 14-18 parts, perch fish 5-10 parts.
3. the cultivation mating system of bionic giant salamander as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Described production is HCG and LRH-a with medicine, and HCG dosages are female salamander 950-1100IU/kg, male salamander
500-550IU/kg, LRH-a dosage are female salamander 9-12ug/kg, male salamander 4-6ug/kg.
4. the cultivation mating system of bionic giant salamander as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Described feed B includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Live 30~50 parts of earthworm, red line worm 20-25
Part, Hemiculter clupeoides 14-18 parts, 3~5 parts of maize alcohol stillage, 1~3 part of glutinous rice vinasse, probiotics preparation
1-2 parts, 3~5 parts of yam flour, 1~3 part of wolfberry fruit powder.
5. the cultivation mating system of bionic giant salamander as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Described feed C includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Live 30~50 parts of earthworm, red line worm 20-25
Part, 3~5 parts of maize alcohol stillage, 1~3 part of glutinous rice vinasse, probiotics preparation 1-2 parts, yam flour 3~5
Part, 1~3 part of wolfberry fruit powder, 1~3 part of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 1~3 part of ginseng.
6. the cultivation mating system of bionic giant salamander as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Described feed D includes the raw material of following parts by weight：30~50 parts of earthworm living, red line worm 20-25
Part, Hemiculter clupeoides 14-18 parts, perch fish 5-10 parts, 3~5 parts of maize alcohol stillage, egg 10-15
Part, 1~3 part of glutinous rice vinasse, probiotics preparation 1-2 parts, 3~5 parts of yam flour, 1~3 part of wolfberry fruit powder.
7. the cultivation mating system of bionic giant salamander as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Described thimerosal contains 50~100ppm potassium permanganate and 20~40ppm hypochlorous acid.
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| CN111758668A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-13 | 古丈县友谊农业综合开发有限责任公司 | Artificial breeding method for giant salamanders |
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