CN107395037B - High-power factor bridge type synchronous rectification circuit with adjustable output voltage - Google Patents

High-power factor bridge type synchronous rectification circuit with adjustable output voltage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107395037B
CN107395037B CN201710649005.0A CN201710649005A CN107395037B CN 107395037 B CN107395037 B CN 107395037B CN 201710649005 A CN201710649005 A CN 201710649005A CN 107395037 B CN107395037 B CN 107395037B
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power
power tube
driving control
circuit
output
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CN107395037A (en
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胡方
汪邦照
王�琦
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Ecu Electronics Industrial Co ltd
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Ecu Electronics Industrial Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4233Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a bridge converter comprising active switches
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/2195Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration the switches being synchronously commutated at the same frequency of the AC input voltage
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-power factor bridge synchronous rectification circuit with adjustable output voltage, which comprises a transformer, an alternating current side capacitor, a PFC inductor, a rectification circuit, a driving control circuit and a filter circuit, wherein the transformer performs primary voltage reduction and isolation and then outputs the primary voltage reduction and isolation to the rectification circuit; the power factor correction is achieved by the ac side capacitance and PFC inductance. The invention has the advantages of simple circuit structure, high reliability, high power factor and high efficiency, and is particularly suitable for application occasions of alternating current input and low-voltage high-current output.

Description

High-power factor bridge type synchronous rectification circuit with adjustable output voltage
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power supply design, in particular to a high-power factor bridge type synchronous rectification circuit with adjustable output voltage.
Background
Common diode rectification technology is widely used, but has obvious disadvantages: firstly, the output voltage is unstable, when the commercial power is at a low-end voltage or a high-end voltage, the corresponding rectified output voltage often exceeds the use range, and the subsequent-stage equipment cannot be started due to input undervoltage or is damaged due to input overvoltage; secondly, the loss is large, the conduction voltage drop of the diode is large, and under the condition of large output current, the cost and difficulty of thermal design of the product are increased; and thirdly, the controllability is poor, and the diode rectification can not control the rectification circuit to close the output under the condition of faults (such as input overvoltage and undervoltage, output overcurrent or short circuit and the like), so that equipment is damaged. The uncontrollable rectification of the diode is replaced by high-efficiency N-channel MOSFET synchronous rectification, and the advantages of low MOSFET on-resistance are utilized, so that the loss can be effectively reduced and the efficiency can be improved. Under the condition of power frequency alternating current input, the switching frequency of the MOSFET is low, and the generated switching interference is small. The power frequency transformer of the front stage of the full-bridge synchronous rectification circuit reduces the input voltage to proper alternating current input, and the input alternating current voltage is rectified into direct current output through the full-bridge synchronous rectification circuit. Since MOSFETs generally have parasitic body diodes, even in the absence of a drive signal from the MOSFET, current can still be looped through the body diode of the MOSFET, so that the output voltage is not controllable, and in the case of large load currents, the body diode and even the MOSFET can be damaged due to the limited current carrying capacity of the body diode.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide the high-power factor bridge type synchronous rectification circuit with adjustable output voltage, which can flexibly adjust the output voltage, realize synchronous rectification and has high power factor.
In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a high-power factor bridge synchronous rectification circuit with an adjustable output voltage, which comprises a transformer T for step-down isolation, a capacitor C0, an inductor L1, a rectification circuit 1, a driving control circuit and a filter circuit 2, wherein the output end of the rectification circuit 1 is connected with a load through the filter circuit 2, the rectification circuit 1 comprises power tubes Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 and Q6, the source electrode of the power tube Q1 is connected with the drain electrode of the power tube Q3, the source electrode of the power tube Q3 is connected with the source electrode of the power tube Q5, the source electrode of the power tube Q2 is connected with the drain electrode of the power tube Q4, the source electrode of the power tube Q4 is connected with the source electrode of the power tube Q6, the drain electrode of the power tube Q5 is connected with the drain electrode of the power tube Q6, and the drain electrodes of the power tubes Q2 and Q6 are respectively the positive output end and the negative output end of the rectification circuit 1; one end of a primary winding of the transformer T is connected with an L line of an alternating current input, the other end of the primary winding is connected with an N line of the alternating current input, one end of a secondary winding is connected to a node between the power tubes Q1 and Q3, and the other end of the secondary winding is connected to a node between the power tubes Q2 and Q4; the driving control circuit is used for collecting voltage and current signals of the primary side of the transformer T and the output end of the filter circuit 2, and controlling the on and off of the power tubes Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 and Q6 through mutually isolated driving signals, so that the driving signals of the power tubes Q1 and Q4 are consistent, the driving signals of the power tubes Q2 and Q3 are consistent, the driving signals of the power tubes Q1 and Q3 are complementary, the driving signals of the power tubes Q2 and Q4 are complementary, the driving signals of the power tubes Q5 are delayed to the driving signals of the power tubes Q2 and Q3, and the driving signals of the power tubes Q6 are delayed to the driving signals of the power tubes Q1 and Q4; the capacitor C0 is connected between the L line and the N line of the alternating current input, one end of the inductor L1 is connected with the drains of the power tubes Q1 and Q2, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the input end of the filter circuit 2.
Specifically, the filter circuit 2 is composed of an inductor L2 and capacitors C1 and C2, one end of the inductor L2 is connected with the inductor L1, and the other end is connected with a load; one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a node between the inductors L2 and L1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the drains of the Q5 and Q6, one end of the capacitor C2 is connected with a node between the inductor L2 and the load, and the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the drains of the Q5 and Q6.
Specifically, the power transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, and Q6 are all N-channel MOSFETs.
According to the technical scheme, the bridge synchronous rectification circuit with adjustable output voltage and high power factor is provided, the power frequency transformer is designed on the alternating current input side, the isolation of the primary side and the secondary side and the primary voltage regulation are realized, and the type selection of the rear-stage MOSFET is convenient; the MOSFET is used for replacing a diode in a traditional bridge type synchronous rectification circuit, a reverse-connection MOSFET is added to each bridge arm, and the drive control circuit realizes flexible regulation of output voltage by controlling the time delay on time of the two reverse-connection MOSFETs; the rectification circuit can realize synchronous rectification, so that interference is reduced; the power factor correction is achieved by the input capacitance C0 on the ac side and the PFC inductance L1 on the dc side. All the power tubes are N-channel MOSFETs, and the manufacturing cost is low. The invention has the advantages of simple circuit structure, high reliability, high power factor and high efficiency, and is particularly suitable for application occasions of alternating current input and low-voltage high-current output.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of the drive waveforms of the MOSFET of the circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit block diagram of the invention as applied to three-phase input.
Detailed Description
The circuit diagram of the invention shown in fig. 1 is that the high power factor bridge synchronous rectification circuit with adjustable output voltage provided by the invention comprises a transformer T for step-down isolation, a capacitor C0, a PFC inductance L1, a rectification circuit 1, a drive control circuit and a filter circuit 2. The output end of the rectifying circuit 1 is connected with a load through the filter circuit 2, and the rectifying circuit 1 comprises power tubes Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 and Q6, and all the power tubes are N-channel MOSFETs with small conduction loss. The two reverse power tubes Q5 and Q6 can block the current flow path under the condition of no driving signal, and avoid generating a current loop through the parasitic body diode of the power tube.
The source electrode of the power tube Q1 is connected with the drain electrode of the power tube Q3, and the source electrode of the power tube Q3 is connected with the source electrode of the power tube Q5; the source electrode of the power tube Q2 is connected with the drain electrode of the power tube Q4, and the source electrode of the power tube Q4 is connected with the source electrode of the power tube Q6; the drain electrode of the power tube Q1 is connected with the drain electrode of the power tube Q2, the drain electrode of the power tube Q5 is connected with the drain electrode of the power tube Q6, and the drain electrodes of the power tubes Q2 and Q6 are respectively an output positive end and an output negative end of the rectifying circuit 1; the primary side and the secondary side of the power frequency transformer T are isolated, and the input power frequency alternating voltage is reduced into a proportional low-voltage alternating voltage through the turn ratio, so that the primary voltage regulation is realized, and the selection of a later-stage MOSFET is also facilitated; one end of a primary winding of the power frequency transformer T is connected with an L line of an alternating current input, and the other end of the primary winding of the power frequency transformer T is connected with an N line of the alternating current input; one end of the secondary winding is connected to a node between the power transistors Q1 and Q3, and the other end of the secondary winding is connected to a node between the power transistors Q2 and Q4; the capacitor C0 is connected between the L line and the N line of the alternating current input, one end of the PFC inductor L1 is connected with the drains of the power tubes Q1 and Q2, the other end of the PFC inductor L1 is connected with the input end of the filter circuit 2, and the PFC inductor L1 is arranged on the alternating current side and the input capacitor C0 and the direct current side, so that the power factor of the circuit can be improved.
The driving control circuit collects input voltage and current signals from the primary side of the power frequency transformer T, collects output voltage and current signals from the output end of the filter circuit 2, generates driving control signals of a bridge type synchronous rectifying MOSFET and a pair of reverse MOSFETs, drives corresponding MOSFETs through driving chips after the driving control signals are isolated through an optical coupler, and supplies of 6 groups of driving chips are isolated from each other, and the corresponding 6 groups of driving control signals are isolated from each other. The driving control signals of the power tube Q1 and the driving control signals of the power tube Q4 are consistent, the driving control signals of the power tubes Q2 and Q3 are complementary, the driving control signals of the power tubes Q2 and Q4 are complementary, the interval time between the driving control signals of the power tube Q5 and the driving control signals of the power tube Q3 are dead time, the driving control signal of the power tube Q6 is delayed to the driving control signals of the power tubes Q1 and Q4, and the output voltage is adjusted by adjusting the delay time of the driving control signals of the power tube Q5 and the power tube Q6, as shown in fig. 2. The drive control circuit is also added with input overvoltage and undervoltage, output overcurrent and short-circuit protection functions, and can quickly respond and close the power supply output when faults occur. Specifically, input voltage is collected to perform input overvoltage and undervoltage protection, zero crossing and peak value judgment can be performed on the collected input current, output voltage is collected from the output end of the filter circuit 2 to form feedback, the time delay on time of two MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) connected in opposite directions is controlled, the output voltage is regulated, output overvoltage protection function is achieved, and output overcurrent and short circuit protection function can be achieved through collection of the output current.
The filter circuit 2 is preferably a pi-type filter circuit consisting of an inductor L2 and capacitors C1 and C2, wherein one end of the inductor L2 is connected with the inductor L1, and the other end of the inductor L2 is connected with a load; one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a node between the inductors L2 and L1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the drains of the Q5 and Q6, one end of the capacitor C2 is connected with a node between the inductor L2 and the load, and the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the drains of the Q5 and Q6. The pi-type filter circuit can effectively reduce ripple waves of output voltage and ensure stable power supply of a load.
As shown in FIG. 3, the high-power factor bridge synchronous rectification circuit with adjustable output voltage can be expanded and popularized and applied to the occasion of three-phase input.
The above examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a high power factor bridge type synchronous rectification circuit with adjustable output voltage, includes transformer T, electric capacity C0, inductance L1, rectifier circuit (1), drive control circuit and filter circuit (2) that are used for the step-down isolation, rectifier circuit (1) output links to each other with the load through filter circuit (2), rectifier circuit (1) include power tube Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6, power tube Q1's source is connected with power tube Q3's drain electrode, power tube Q3's source is connected with power tube Q5's source electrode, power tube Q2's source is connected with power tube Q4's drain electrode, power tube Q4's source is connected with power tube Q6's source electrode, power tube Q1's drain electrode is connected with power tube Q2's drain electrode, power tube Q5's drain electrode is connected with power tube Q6's drain electrode, power tube Q2 and Q6's drain electrode are rectifier circuit (1) output positive terminal and output negative terminal respectively; one end of a primary winding of the transformer T is connected with an L line of an alternating current input, the other end of the primary winding is connected with an N line of the alternating current input, one end of a secondary winding is connected to a node between the power tubes Q1 and Q3, and the other end of the secondary winding is connected to a node between the power tubes Q2 and Q4; the drive control circuit is used for collecting voltage and current signals of the primary side of the transformer T and the output end of the filter circuit (2), and controlling the on and off of the power tubes Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 and Q6 through mutually isolated drive signals, so that the drive signals of the power tubes Q1 and Q4 are consistent, the drive signals of the power tubes Q2 and Q3 are consistent, the drive signals of the power tubes Q1 and Q3 are complementary, the drive signals of the power tubes Q2 and Q4 are complementary, the drive signals of the power tubes Q5 are delayed to the drive signals of the power tubes Q2 and Q3, and the drive signals of the power tubes Q6 are delayed to the drive signals of the power tubes Q1 and Q4; the capacitor C0 is connected between an L line and an N line of alternating current input, one end of the inductor L1 is connected with drains of the power tubes Q1 and Q2, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with an input end of the filter circuit (2), the filter circuit (2) consists of an inductor L2 and capacitors C1 and C2, one end of the inductor L2 is connected with the inductor L1, and the other end of the inductor L2 is connected with a load; one end of a capacitor C1 is connected with a node between the inductors L2 and L1, the other end of the capacitor C is connected with the drains of the inductors Q5 and Q6, one end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the node between the inductor L2 and the load, the other end of the capacitor C is connected with the drains of the inductors Q5 and Q6, and the power tubes Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 and Q6 are N-channel MOSFET;
the method is characterized in that: the driving control circuit collects input voltage and current signals from the primary side of the power frequency transformer T, collects output voltage and current signals from the output end of the filter circuit, generates driving control signals of a bridge type synchronous rectifying MOSFET and a pair of reverse MOSFETs, drives corresponding MOSFETs through driving chips after the driving control signals are isolated through an optical coupler, supplies of 6 groups of driving chips are isolated from each other, and the corresponding 6 groups of driving control signals are isolated from each other; the driving control signals of the power tube Q1 are consistent with the driving control signals of the power tube Q4, the driving control signals of the power tubes Q2 and Q3 are consistent, the driving control signals of the power tubes Q1 and Q3 are complementary, the driving control signals of the power tubes Q2 and Q4 are complementary, the interval time between the driving control signals of the power tube Q5 is dead time, the driving control signals of the power tube Q5 are delayed to the driving control signals of the power tubes Q2 and Q3, the driving control signals of the power tube Q6 are delayed to the driving control signals of the power tubes Q1 and Q4, and the output voltage is regulated by regulating the delay time of the driving control signals of the power tube Q5 and the power tube Q6; the drive control circuit is also added with input overvoltage and undervoltage, output overcurrent and short-circuit protection functions, and can quickly respond and close the power supply output when faults occur; input voltage is collected to carry out input overvoltage and undervoltage protection, zero crossing and peak value judgment can be carried out on the collected input current, output voltage is collected from the output end of the filter circuit to form feedback, the time delay on time of two MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) which are reversely connected is controlled, the output voltage is regulated, the output overvoltage protection function is realized, and the output overcurrent and short circuit protection function can be realized through collecting the output current.
CN201710649005.0A 2017-08-01 2017-08-01 High-power factor bridge type synchronous rectification circuit with adjustable output voltage Active CN107395037B (en)

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CN108074719B (en) * 2017-11-28 2023-11-21 合肥华耀电子工业有限公司 18 pulse transformer
CN111245260A (en) * 2020-03-10 2020-06-05 广州金升阳科技有限公司 Bridgeless PFC switching power supply circuit
GB2601750A (en) * 2020-12-08 2022-06-15 Dyson Technology Ltd Buck-boost converter

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