CN107389903B - Sliding surface pull type landslide model test device - Google Patents
Sliding surface pull type landslide model test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107389903B CN107389903B CN201710737810.9A CN201710737810A CN107389903B CN 107389903 B CN107389903 B CN 107389903B CN 201710737810 A CN201710737810 A CN 201710737810A CN 107389903 B CN107389903 B CN 107389903B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
The invention discloses a sliding surface pull type landslide model test device which comprises an outer frame, a lifting unit and a power module, wherein the lifting unit and the power module are arranged on the outer frame; the lifting unit comprises a sliding plate, a guide rail sliding block, a rotary support, an adjusting mechanism and a lifting mechanism, wherein the guide rail sliding block comprises a guide rail and a sliding block; the rotary support comprises a hinge rod and a connecting plate arranged on the hinge rod; the adjusting mechanism comprises pipelines arranged at two sides of the hinge rod, a movable pulley is connected below the pipelines, and an adjusting hand wheel is connected on the movable pulley; the lifting mechanism comprises a worm wheel and a worm which are connected in a matching way, and a lifting hand wheel is arranged on the worm wheel; the power module comprises a servo motor, a slide rail and a speed reduction gear set, the servo motor is arranged on the outer frame and is connected with a lead screw guide rail through the speed reduction gear set, and the lead screw guide rail is in threaded connection with a power distribution plate; pull ropes are arranged at the two ends of the sliding plate and penetrate through the pipe joint mounting plate; the pull rope is provided with a tension sensor. The invention can carry out model test in multiple directions and improve the safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landslide model test devices, in particular to a sliding surface pull type landslide model test device.
Background
The mountain area and hilly area of China occupy about 70% of the territorial area of China, and the country is a country with serious landslide hazard in the world. With the development of infrastructure, a large number of excavated hillsides formed by reservoir construction, power stations, roads, factories and the like in mountain areas can generate new landslides or cause old landslides to revive, so that China is one of countries with very serious geological disasters, and the loss and threat brought to people by landslide disasters are huge and sometimes immeasurable. Landslide is the phenomenon of slippage of a slope rock-soil body along a through shear failure surface. The mechanism of landslide is that the shear stress on a certain slip surface exceeds the shear strength of the surface.
In order to reduce the damage of landslide to human disaster, scientists have been dedicated to research on landslide disaster prediction. The landslide prediction method has a plurality of methods, but the core of the method is to establish the theoretical relationship between the surface deformation of the slope and the stability of the landslide. Because the instability of the landslide is caused by the occurrence of unstable sliding on the inner sliding surface. The slippage is not instantly finished, but the slippage is unstable from one point, then gradually expands to the whole sliding surface, then the integral unstable slippage is formed, the landslide loses stability completely, and disasters are formed. During the process of the progressive formation of the inner slip surface, the deformation and displacement of the surface of the slope body are also progressively changed, and are related to the process of the formation of the inner slip surface. If the theoretical connection between the surface deformation and the internal stability of the slope body is established, the internal stability can be judged by monitoring the surface deformation, and the purpose of landslide prediction is achieved.
In order to establish the relationship between the surface deformation and the internal stability, a landslide model test study is necessarily carried out, and the landslide is artificially promoted to slide along the internal sliding surface. This slip simulation must be identical to the slip process of a real landslide, i.e., piecewise progressive destruction and a large number of Cheng Huamian displacements.
In the existing landslide model test, the means for promoting landslide instability generally adopt: excavation, rainfall or seismic motion. These methods are difficult to ensure that the landslide slides according to the designed instability failure mode, and also cannot ensure that the landslide has large sliding surface displacement. For example: excavation may result in only partial instability, rather than global instability. Shallow surface instability rather than deep slippage often occurs in rainfall. The earthquake motion often causes overall instability damage, and gradual damage is difficult to simulate.
In order to truly restore the gradual instability process of the landslide, develop the landslide sliding mechanism research, establish the theoretical relation between the surface displacement and the internal stability and carry out landslide prediction analysis, a landslide model test device with controllable landslide surface range and sliding displacement needs to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the sliding surface pull type landslide model test device which is clear in layout, simple to operate and capable of simulating various conditions in a test mode.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a sliding surface pull type landslide model test device comprises an outer frame, a lifting unit and a power module, wherein the lifting unit and the power module are arranged on the outer frame; the lifting unit comprises a sliding plate, a guide rail sliding block, a rotary support, an adjusting mechanism and a lifting mechanism, the guide rail sliding block comprises a guide rail and a sliding block moving in the guide rail, and the upper end of the sliding block is fixedly connected with the sliding plate; the rotary support comprises a hinge rod and a connecting plate arranged on the hinge rod, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the guide rail; the adjusting mechanism comprises pipelines respectively arranged on connecting plates on two sides of the hinge rod, a movable pulley is connected below each pipeline, and an adjusting hand wheel is connected to each movable pulley; the lifting mechanism comprises a worm wheel and a worm which are connected in a matching manner, and a lifting hand wheel for adjustment is arranged on the worm wheel; the hinged rod is hinged at the upper end of the worm; transparent plates are arranged at two ends of the sliding plate;
the power module comprises a servo motor, a slide rail, a pipe joint mounting plate, a lead screw guide rail and a speed reduction gear set, wherein the servo motor is arranged on the outer frame, the speed reduction gear set is formed by combining a plurality of gears, the servo motor is connected with the lead screw guide rail through the speed reduction gear set, and one end of the lead screw guide rail is in threaded connection with a power distribution plate; pull ropes are arranged at two ends of the sliding plate and penetrate through the pipe joint mounting plate, and a fixing block is arranged at one end of each pull rope penetrating through the pipe joint mounting plate; the lower end of the power distributing plate is provided with a sliding chute corresponding to the sliding rail; and a tension sensor is arranged on the pull rope.
It is further preferred that a protective gearbox is provided outside the step-down gear set.
It is still further preferred that a dust guard is arranged below the sliding plate, a lifting mechanism mounting plate is arranged below the dust guard, the transparent plate is arranged on the dust guard, and the dust guard and the lifting mechanism mounting plate are both fixed on the outer frame.
Still more preferably, the dust guard is provided with an intermediate gear corresponding to each pull rope, and the middle part of each pull rope passes through the intermediate gear.
It is still further preferred that the deceleration gear set and the lead screw guide rail are connected through a coupler.
Still further preferably, the two slide rails and the two slide grooves are oppositely arranged, and the two slide rails are respectively arranged at the lower sides of the two ends of the power distribution plate.
More preferably, the pull rope is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer which are arranged on the pipe joint mounting plate in a penetrating manner, and the power distribution plate is correspondingly provided with the upper layer and the lower layer.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
the sliding plate can move freely in the direction of the guide rail under the action of the sliding block to be adjusted, the sliding block can move left and right along the direction of the guide rail, and the movement range is determined by the length of the guide rail; the arrangement of the hinged rod enables the rotary support to only support the adjustment in a certain angle range in the circumferential direction, and the adjustment of different angles and different positions of the sliding block can be realized through the horizontal movement of the guide rail and the rotary movement of the rotary support; the movable pulley is provided with an adjusting hand wheel, and the rotation angle and the horizontal position of the sliding plate can be conveniently and quickly adjusted through the rotation of the adjusting hand wheel; elevating system adopts worm gear structure, through selecting for use the worm of different length, can realize the altitude mixture control on a relatively large scale, and altitude mixture control is manual to be accomplished, has mechanical self-locking function simultaneously, can keep the required state of experiment for a long time.
Through the regulation of the different height of lift unit, can place the different position height between the transparent plate with the slide, can set up the slide into different angles through adjustment mechanism, through the regulation to N (as 10) lift units to form the required various slide wavefront of different experimental environment, with different slide length and the geometric form of simulation. And then filling a sliding body on the upper part of the sliding surface to realize the simulation of the landslide. The design of the transparent plate can be used for limiting the movement track of the sliding plate, so that the test is ensured within a certain range, and experimenters can observe the deformation condition of the sliding body visually from the outside. The output speed of the power module can be controlled at a very low level, for example one revolution per hour, by the reduction of the gear set. The power distribution plate is arranged on the two sliding blocks, the middle of the power distribution plate moves together through the lead screw guide rail, the rotary motion is converted into the horizontal motion through the conversion of the lead screw guide rail, and the horizontal motion with very low speed can be obtained through the reasonable selection of the screw pitch because the input rotating speed of the lead screw guide rail is very low, so that the long-time low-speed motion required by the sliding plate is obtained.
The stay cord of control slide motion is installed on the coupling mounting panel, and the stay cord is worn out coupling mounting panel and is connected with the power distributing plate after, and the power distributing plate is used for guaranteeing that the stay cord is in tensioning state constantly, avoids the idle stroke. The pull sensor is used for detecting the pulling force that every stay cord applied to the slide, and the stay cord passes behind the pull sensor and is fixed with the power distribution board through a fixed block, and when power module drove the backward motion of power distribution board, the stay cord of fixing on the power distribution board drove certain corresponding slide motion, when not needing certain slide motion, only need with the stay cord that corresponds from the power distribution board take off can, but through the multiple combination of this kind of mode convenient and fast realization slide motion state. Overall structure is simple relatively, can be comprehensive simulate out the change condition of landslide, be convenient for make precautionary measure in advance, improve the security.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sliding surface pull type landslide model test apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of a sliding surface pull-type landslide model test apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of a sliding surface pull type landslide model test apparatus of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-outer frame, 2-sliding plate, 3-guide rail, 4-sliding block, 5-hinged rod, 6-connecting plate, 7-pipeline, 8-adjusting hand wheel, 9-worm, 10-lifting hand wheel, 11-transparent plate, 12-servo motor, 13-sliding rail, 14-pipe joint mounting plate, 15-lead screw guide rail, 16-power distribution plate, 17-pull rope, 18-sliding groove, 19-tension sensor, 20-gearbox, 21-dust-blocking plate and 22-lifting mechanism mounting plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below, and it should be noted that the following are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these should all fall into the protective scope of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, a sliding surface pull type landslide model test device comprises an outer frame 1, and a lifting unit and a power module which are arranged on the outer frame 1; the lifting unit comprises a sliding plate 2, a guide rail sliding block, a rotary support, an adjusting mechanism and a lifting mechanism, the guide rail sliding block comprises a guide rail 3 and a sliding block 4 moving in the guide rail 3, and the upper end of the sliding block 4 is fixedly connected with the sliding plate 2; the rotary support comprises a hinge rod 5 and a connecting plate 6 arranged on the hinge rod 5, and the connecting plate 6 is fixedly connected with the guide rail 3; the adjusting mechanism comprises pipelines 7 which are respectively arranged on connecting plates 6 at two sides of the hinge rod 5, a movable pulley is connected below each pipeline 7, and an adjusting hand wheel 8 is connected on each movable pulley; the lifting mechanism comprises a worm wheel and a worm 9 which are connected in a matching way, and a lifting hand wheel 10 for adjustment is arranged on the worm wheel; the hinged rod 5 is hinged at the upper end of the worm 9; transparent plates 11 are arranged at two ends of the sliding plate 2;
the power module comprises a servo motor 12, a sliding rail 13, a pipe joint mounting plate 14, a lead screw guide rail 15 and a speed reduction gear set formed by a plurality of gears, wherein the servo motor 12 is arranged on the outer frame 1 and connected with the lead screw guide rail 15 through the speed reduction gear set, and one end of the lead screw guide rail 15 is connected with a power distribution plate 16 in a threaded manner; both ends of the sliding plate 2 are provided with pull ropes 17, the pull ropes 17 penetrate through the pipe joint mounting plate 14, and one end of each pull rope 17 penetrating through the pipe joint mounting plate 14 is provided with a fixing block; a fixing groove corresponding to the fixing block is arranged on the power distributing plate 16, and a sliding groove 18 corresponding to the sliding rail 13 is arranged at the lower end of the power distributing plate 16; the pull rope 17 is provided with a tension sensor 19.
The sliding plate can move freely in the direction of the guide rail under the action of the sliding block to be adjusted, the sliding block can move left and right along the direction of the guide rail, and the movement range is determined by the length of the guide rail; the arrangement of the hinged rod enables the rotary support to only support the adjustment of a certain angle range in the circumferential direction, and the adjustment of different angles and different positions of the sliding block can be realized through the horizontal movement of the guide rail and the rotary movement of the rotary support; the movable pulley is provided with an adjusting hand wheel, and the rotation angle and the horizontal position of the sliding plate can be conveniently and quickly adjusted through the rotation of the adjusting hand wheel; elevating system adopts worm gear structure, through selecting for use the worm of different length, can realize the altitude mixture control on a large scale, and altitude mixture control is manual to be accomplished, has mechanical self-locking function simultaneously, can keep the required state of experiment for a long time.
Through the regulation of the different height of lift unit, can place the different position height between the transparent plate with the slide, can set up the slide into different angles through adjustment mechanism, through the regulation to N (as 10) lift units to form the required various slide wavefront of different experimental environment, with different slide length and the geometric form of simulation. And then filling a sliding body on the upper part of the sliding surface to realize the simulation of the landslide. The design of the transparent plate can be used for limiting the movement track of the sliding plate, so that the experiment is ensured within a certain range, and experimenters can observe the deformation condition of the sliding body from the outside visually. The output speed of the power module can be controlled at a very low level, for example one revolution per hour, by the reduction of the gear set. The power distribution plate is arranged on the two sliding blocks, the middle of the power distribution plate moves together through the lead screw guide rail, the rotary motion is converted into the horizontal motion through the conversion of the lead screw guide rail, and the horizontal motion with very low speed can be obtained through reasonably selecting the screw pitch because the input rotating speed of the lead screw guide rail is very low, so that the long-time low-speed motion required by the sliding plate is obtained.
The stay cord of control slide motion is installed on the coupling mounting panel, and the stay cord is worn out behind the coupling mounting panel and is connected with the power distribution board, and the power distribution board is used for guaranteeing that the stay cord is in tensioning state constantly, avoids the idle stroke. The pull sensor is used for detecting the pulling force that every stay cord applied to the slide, and the stay cord passes behind the pull sensor and is fixed with the power distribution board through a fixed block, and when power module drove the backward motion of power distribution board, the stay cord of fixing on the power distribution board drove certain corresponding slide motion, when not needing certain slide motion, only need with the stay cord that corresponds from the power distribution board take off can, but through the multiple combination of this kind of mode convenient and fast realization slide motion state. Overall structure is simple relatively, can be comprehensive simulate out the change condition of landslide, is convenient for make precautionary measure in advance, improves the security.
Example two
The present embodiment is a further improvement on the basis of the first embodiment, and the difference with the first embodiment is:
preferably, a protective gearbox 20 is arranged outside the reduction gear set. Set up the gear train in the gearbox, can prevent that the gear train from being touched by the mistake, lead to the structure to be destroyed or influence precision scheduling problem, set up the gear train and also can avoid the people mistake to touch the injury in the gearbox, improve the security.
Preferably, a dust guard plate 21 is arranged below the sliding plate 2, a lifting mechanism mounting plate 22 is arranged below the dust guard plate 21, the transparent plate 11 is arranged on the dust guard plate 21, and both the dust guard plate 21 and the lifting mechanism mounting plate 22 are fixed on the outer frame 1. The dust that produces can effectively reduce the experimental process to elevating system's influence by the use of dust board, and elevating system mounting panel can conveniently fix elevating system, makes equipment stability, guarantees the best operational mode.
Preferably, the dust guard 21 is provided with an intermediate gear corresponding to each pull rope 17, and the middle part of the pull rope 17 passes through the intermediate gear. The intermediate gear plays a certain buffer role to the pull rope, can reduce the stress that the pull rope produced at the action in-process, makes the action of pull rope more convenient.
Preferably, the deceleration gear set is connected with the lead screw guide rail 15 through a coupler. The shaft coupling has the effects of buffering, damping and improving the dynamic performance of a shaft system, so that the work of the gear set is more stable.
Preferably, the slide rail 13 and the slide groove 18 are oppositely arranged, and the two slide rails are respectively arranged at the lower sides of the two ends of the power distribution plate. The stress is even, so that the stability of the power distribution plate is better, and the whole motion simulation process is more accurate.
Preferably, the pulling rope 17 is arranged on the pipe joint mounting plate 14 in an upper layer and a lower layer in a penetrating manner, and the power distribution plate is also correspondingly provided with an upper layer and a lower layer. The pull rope is staggered by being divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, so that the pull rope is not too dense, is uniformly distributed, is clear in arrangement, is convenient to operate and is also convenient for later maintenance.
It should be noted that all of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
The technical means of the present invention can be preferably realized according to the description of the present specification.
Claims (7)
1. A sliding surface pull type landslide model test device is characterized by comprising an outer frame, and a plurality of lifting units and power modules which are arranged on the outer frame; the lifting unit comprises a sliding plate, a guide rail sliding block, a rotary support, an adjusting mechanism and a lifting mechanism, the guide rail sliding block comprises a guide rail and a sliding block moving in the guide rail, and the upper end of the sliding block is fixedly connected with the sliding plate; the rotary support comprises a hinge rod and a connecting plate arranged on the hinge rod, the upper end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the guide rail, and the sliding plates of the plurality of lifting units can form various sliding plate array surfaces and simulate different sliding surface lengths and geometric forms; the adjusting mechanism comprises pipelines respectively arranged on connecting plates on two sides of the hinge rod, a movable pulley is connected below each pipeline, and an adjusting hand wheel is connected to each movable pulley; the lifting mechanism comprises a worm wheel and a worm which are connected in a matching manner, and a lifting hand wheel for adjustment is arranged on the worm wheel; the hinged rod is hinged at the upper end of the worm; transparent plates are arranged at two ends of the sliding plate;
the power module comprises a servo motor, a sliding rail, a pipe joint mounting plate, a lead screw guide rail and a deceleration gear set, wherein the servo motor, the sliding rail, the pipe joint mounting plate, the lead screw guide rail and the deceleration gear set are arranged on the outer frame, the servo motor is connected with the lead screw guide rail through the deceleration gear set, and one end of the lead screw guide rail is connected with a power distribution plate in a threaded manner; pull ropes are arranged at two ends of the sliding plate and penetrate through the pipe joint mounting plate, and a fixing block is arranged at one end of each pull rope penetrating through the pipe joint mounting plate; the lower end of the power distributing plate is provided with a sliding chute corresponding to the sliding rail; and a tension sensor is arranged on the pull rope.
2. The sliding surface pull-type landslide model test device of claim 1 wherein a protective gearbox is provided outside said step-down gear set.
3. The sliding surface pulling type landslide model testing device as claimed in claim 1 wherein a dust guard is disposed below the sliding plate, a lifting mechanism mounting plate is disposed below the dust guard, the transparent plate is disposed on the dust guard, and the dust guard and the lifting mechanism mounting plate are both fixed to an outer frame.
4. The sliding surface pull type landslide model testing device of claim 3 wherein said dust guard is provided with an intermediate gear corresponding to each pull rope, the intermediate gear being passed through the middle of the pull rope.
5. The sliding surface pulling type landslide model test device of claim 1, wherein the deceleration gear set and the lead screw guide rail are connected through a coupler.
6. The sliding surface pull type landslide model testing device of claim 1, wherein two sliding rails and two sliding chutes are oppositely arranged, and the two sliding rails are respectively arranged at the lower sides of two ends of the power distribution plate.
7. The sliding surface pull type landslide model test device of claim 1, wherein the pull rope is arranged on the pipe joint mounting plate in a penetrating manner, and the power distribution plate is correspondingly provided with an upper layer and a lower layer.
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| CN201710737810.9A CN107389903B (en) | 2017-08-24 | 2017-08-24 | Sliding surface pull type landslide model test device |
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| CN201710737810.9A CN107389903B (en) | 2017-08-24 | 2017-08-24 | Sliding surface pull type landslide model test device |
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| CN108007670A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-08 | 国家***第海洋研究所 | A kind of submarine landslide, the small-sized simulation sink of chip stream and test method |
| CN108281076A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-13 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of Landslide Model simulator of adjustable landslide angle |
| CN109991393B (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2024-02-06 | 西南交通大学 | Pneumatic acceleration inclined plate experimental device for high-speed remote landslide simulation |
| CN110085109B (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2021-05-14 | 贵州大学 | Landslide surge physical simulation experiment device combining moving, lifting and angle changing |
| CN111721915A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-09-29 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | Test device for simulating terrain of original bedrock of covering layer landslide |
| CN111768687B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2022-03-11 | 中国安全生产科学研究院 | A variable topography support device for landslide simulation |
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