CN107385368A - A kind of chopped basalt fibre reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of chopped basalt fibre reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107385368A CN107385368A CN201611087840.1A CN201611087840A CN107385368A CN 107385368 A CN107385368 A CN 107385368A CN 201611087840 A CN201611087840 A CN 201611087840A CN 107385368 A CN107385368 A CN 107385368A
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- Prior art keywords
- basalt fibre
- powder
- chopped
- mixed
- aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/04—Light metals
- C22C49/06—Aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/14—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by powder metallurgy, i.e. by processing mixtures of metal powder and fibres or filaments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of chopped basalt fibre reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof.Described chopped basalt fibre reinforced aluminum matrix composites, be by aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and a certain proportion of chopped basalt fibre in ethanol solution disperse after, then with homogenizer high-speed stirred mix, then through heat pressing process sintering be prepared.Its preparation process has：(1) processing of removing photoresist on chopped basalt fibre surface；(2) ultrasonic vibration of chopped basalt fibre disperses；(3) high-speed stirred of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is disperseed；(4) basalt fibre that is chopped mixes with the high-speed stirred of aluminium powder or the mixed powder of Al alloy powder；(5) drying of chopped basalt fibre and aluminium powder or Al alloy powder mixed powder；(6) dried mixed powder Thermocompressed sintering and forming.Chopped basalt fibre reinforced aluminum matrix composites prepared by the present invention, being chopped, interface cohesion is good between basalt fibre and aluminum substrate, and interfacial reaction does not occur.In addition, quasi-static tensile intensity, three-point bending strength and the quasistatic of the composite, dynamic compressive strength are greatly improved compared with aluminum substrate metal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chopped basalt fibre reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof.Belong to composite
Preparation field.
Background technology
Composite, it is using a kind of material as matrix, another material is the combined material formed of enhancing.Various materials
Made up for each other's deficiencies and learn from each other in performance, produce cooperative effect, certain aspect performance of composite is met better than former composition material
A variety of requirements.The matrix material of composite is divided into metal and nonmetallic two major class.Metallic matrix it is conventional have aluminium,
Magnesium, copper, titanium and its alloy.Nonmetal basal body mainly has resin, rubber, ceramics and graphite etc..Reinforcing material mainly has fiber, crystalline substance
Palpus, the second phase metal and hard ceramic particles etc..
In recent years, fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites are due to its excellent mechanical property and relatively low density, as one kind
Advanced composite material (ACM) receives extensive research, and the reinforcing fiber that the fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites studied at present use is most
It is carbon fiber and boron fibre, because aluminium is a kind of very strong metal of activity, during with these fiber composites, easily and fiber
Generation interfacial reaction.Wherein, carbon fiber easily forms carbide such as Al with aluminium base precursor reactant4C3, boron fibre be easy to aluminium base precursor reactant life
Into boride such as AlB2.The interface between fiber and aluminum substrate can be mitigated by fiber surface covering ceramic layer or metal level
Reaction, but the ceramic layer of fiber surface may introduce the mechanical property of brittlement phase infringement composite, the gold of fiber surface
Category layer will not introduce brittlement phase, but easily interfacial reaction occurs between parent metal or fiber for metal level.Fiber simultaneously
Process of surface treatment is complicated, it is difficult to produces in enormous quantities, limits carbon fiber and boron fibre as enhancing mutually answering in aluminum substrate
With.
Basalt fibre is using natural volcano effusive rock as raw material, is added after being crushed in melting furnaces, at 1450 DEG C
After~1500 DEG C of meltings, pass through fiber made of platinum-rhodium alloy bushing.Basalt fibre is in the fabrication process without nuisance
Matter is discharged, and its product waste material can degrade automatically, be a kind of new green environment protection material.Basalt fibre has high temperature resistant, resistance to
Many advantages, such as soda acid, good radioresistance and comprehensive mechanical property, and cheap, only 1/the tens of carbon fiber.
To mutually have some following obvious advantage using basalt fibre as the enhancing of aluminium alloy：(1) basalt fibre it is main into
It is SiO to divide2, Fe2O3And Al2O3, there is higher chemical stability, while the preparation technology of the present invention is in 660 DEG C of aluminium fusing point
Carry out below powder sintered, interfacial reaction will not occur between basalt fibre and aluminum substrate.(2) it is based on basalt fibre cost
The advantages of cheap, the enhancing by the use of chopped basalt fibre as aluminum substrate can mutually reduce the cost of material of composite.(3)
China possesses abundant high-quality basalt ore deposit, future large-scale production and application basalt fibre reinforced aluminum matrix composites tool
Have a clear superiority.
The present invention is prepared for basalt fibre reinforced aluminum matrix composites using pressure sintering.The quasistatic of manufactured material is drawn
Stretch intensity, bending strength and quasistatic, dynamic compressive strength is greatly improved relative to aluminum matrix material.Meanwhile basalt
Interface cohesion is good between fiber and aluminum substrate, and interfacial reaction does not occur.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of chopped basalt fibre reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof, institute
The chopped basalt fibre reinforced aluminum matrix composites stated, it is the chopped basalt fibre from certain content and aluminium powder or aluminium conjunction
Bronze is made by powder metallurgical technique.
The preparation process of above-mentioned chopped basalt fibre reinforced aluminum matrix composites is as follows：
(1) be chopped basalt fibre pretreatment：Chopped basalt fibre is put into calcination in the Muffle furnace of air atmosphere to remove
Glue, technique are 0.5~2h of insulation at 300-400 DEG C；
(2) be chopped the scattered of basalt fibre：By chopped basalt fibre and ethanol solution in mass ratio 1：(10-
20) mix, using ultrasonic vibration allow chopped basalt fibre ethanol solution in disperse, ultrasonic time 6-12h, surpass
Acoustical power is 100-300w.Obtain solution 1；
(3) aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is scattered：By aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and ethanol solution in mass ratio 1：(10-
20) mix, use homogenizer to stir 10- to mixed ethanol solution with 500-1000r/min mixing speed
30min, aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is set to be dispersed in ethanol solution, no caking.Obtain solution 2；
(4) powder mixes：By solution 1 and solution 2 in mass ratio 1：(0-5) is mixed, and using homogenizer with 500-
The chopped basalt fibre of 1000r/min speed high-speed stirred and aluminium powder or the ethanol solution of Al alloy powder mixing, stirring
Time 10-20min；
(5) mixed powder is dried：The mixed solution of step 4 is put into vacuum drying chamber, at 60-100 DEG C after vacuumizing
Lower dry 8-16h, obtain the mixed powder of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and chopped basalt fibre；
(6) Thermocompressed sintering and forming：The aluminium powder or Al alloy powder that step 5 is obtained and the mixed powder of chopped basalt fibre
Body is placed in mould, and mould is put into hot pressing furnace, and Thermocompressed sintering and forming.Sintering temperature is 500-650 DEG C, and sintering pressure is
30-50MPa, 0.5-3h is incubated, protective atmosphere is argon gas.
The present invention relative to existing fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is advantageous that：
(1) chopped basalt fibre reinforced aluminum matrix composites of the present invention are with being chopped by aluminium powder or Al alloy powder
The powder hot pressed sintering of basalt fibre mixing is prepared, and preparation technology is simple, quick, and large-scale industry metaplasia can be achieved
Production.
(2) the advantages of basalt fibre cost is cheap is based on, mutually can as the enhancing of aluminium base by the use of chopped basalt fibre
To reduce the cost of material of composite.
(3) the chopped basalt fibre reinforced aluminum matrix composites prepared by this patent method, as shown in figure 1, fiber
It is evenly distributed, interface cohesion is good, does not have interfacial reaction, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.The quasistatic of manufactured composite
Tensile strength, three-point bending strength and quasistatic, dynamic compressive strength are enhanced compared with aluminium based metal, such as Fig. 4 institutes
Show.
(4) main component of basalt fibre is SiO2, Fe2O3And Al2O3, there is higher chemical stability, while this
The preparation technology of invention is to be carried out below aluminium fusing point powder sintered, and it is anti-that interface does not occur between basalt fibre and aluminum substrate
Should.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the integral macroscopic photo of chopped basalt reinforced aluminum matrix composites；
Fig. 2 is the microstructure photo of chopped basalt reinforced aluminum matrix composites；
Fig. 3 is the stretching fracture photo of chopped basalt reinforced aluminum matrix composites；
Fig. 4 is basalt fibre content when being 0wt%, 10wt%, 30wt% and 50wt%, basalt fibre enhancing fine aluminium
Composite quasistatic compression (a) and dynamic compression (b) true stress-true strain curve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with four specific embodiments, exemplary illustration and help further understand the present invention.But embodiment is specific
Details does not represent whole technical schemes under present inventive concept merely to the explanation present invention, therefore it is not intended that to this
The restriction of inventive technique scheme.Some are changed without departing from the unsubstantiality of present inventive concept, such as with same or similar skill
The technical characteristic of art effect simply changes or replaced, and belongs to rights protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) 10g diameter 10um, length 5mm chopped basalt fibre are put into calcination in the Muffle furnace of air atmosphere and removed
Glue, technique are to be incubated 2h at 300 DEG C；
(2) the 10g basalt fibres that are chopped are mixed with 100g ethanol solutions, makes the basalt that is chopped using ultrasonic vibration
Fiber is disperseing in ethanol solution, ultrasonic time 6h, ultrasonic power 100w.Obtain solution 1；
(3) 40g particle diameters 5um pure aluminium powder is mixed with 400g ethanol solutions, uses homogenizer with 500r/
Min mixing speed stirs 10min to mixed ethanol solution, pure aluminium powder is dispersed in ethanol solution
In, no caking.Obtain solution 2；
(4) solution 1 and solution 2 are mixed, using homogenizer with the chopped Black Warrior of 1000r/min speed high-speed stirred
Rock fiber and the ethanol solution of pure aluminium powder mixing, mixing time 10min；
(5) the mixed solution of step 4 is put into vacuum drying chamber, dries 16h after vacuumizing at 60 DEG C, obtain fine aluminium
The mixed powder of powder and chopped basalt fibre；
(6) fine aluminium that step 5 obtains is placed in mould with the mixed powder of chopped basalt fibre, and mould is put into heat
Press in stove, and Thermocompressed sintering and forming.Sintering temperature is 650 DEG C, sintering pressure 50MPa, is incubated 0.5h, protective atmosphere is argon
Gas.
Embodiment 2
(1) 5g diameter 10um, length 5mm chopped basalt fibre are put into calcination in the Muffle furnace of air atmosphere and removed
Glue, technique are to be incubated 2h at 300 DEG C；
(2) the 5g basalt fibres that are chopped are mixed with 100g ethanol solutions, makes the basalt that is chopped using ultrasonic vibration
Fiber is disperseing in ethanol solution, ultrasonic time 6h, ultrasonic power 100w.Obtain solution 1；
(3) 45g particle diameters 5um pure aluminium powder is mixed with 450g ethanol solutions, uses homogenizer with 500r/
Min mixing speed stirs 10min to mixed ethanol solution, pure aluminium powder is dispersed in ethanol solution
In, no caking.Obtain solution 2；
(4) solution 1 and solution 2 are mixed, using homogenizer with the chopped Black Warrior of 1000r/min speed high-speed stirred
Rock fiber and the ethanol solution of pure aluminium powder mixing, mixing time 10min；
(5) the mixed solution of step 4 is put into vacuum drying chamber, dries 16h after vacuumizing at 60 DEG C, obtain fine aluminium
The mixed powder of powder and chopped basalt fibre；
(6) fine aluminium that step 5 obtains is placed in mould with the mixed powder of chopped basalt fibre, and mould is put into heat
Press in stove, and Thermocompressed sintering and forming.Sintering temperature is 600 DEG C, sintering pressure 50MPa, is incubated 0.5h, protective atmosphere is argon
Gas.
Embodiment 3
(1) 5g diameter 10um, length 5mm chopped basalt fibre are put into calcination in the Muffle furnace of air atmosphere and removed
Glue, technique are to be incubated 2h at 300 DEG C；
(2) the 5g basalt fibres that are chopped are mixed with 100g ethanol solutions, makes the basalt that is chopped using ultrasonic vibration
Fiber is disperseing in ethanol solution, ultrasonic time 6h, ultrasonic power 100w.Obtain solution 1；
(3) 45g particle diameters 5um pure aluminium powder is mixed with 450g ethanol solutions, uses homogenizer with 500r/
Min mixing speed stirs 10min to mixed ethanol solution, pure aluminium powder is dispersed in ethanol solution
In, no caking.Obtain solution 2；
(4) solution 1 and solution 2 are mixed, using homogenizer with the chopped Black Warrior of 1000r/min speed high-speed stirred
Rock fiber and the ethanol solution of pure aluminium powder mixing, mixing time 10min；
(5) the mixed solution of step 4 is put into vacuum drying chamber, dries 16h after vacuumizing at 60 DEG C, obtain fine aluminium
The mixed powder of powder and chopped basalt fibre；
(6) fine aluminium that step 5 obtains is placed in mould with the mixed powder of chopped basalt fibre, and mould is put into heat
Press in stove, and Thermocompressed sintering and forming.Sintering temperature is 600 DEG C, sintering pressure 30MPa, is incubated 1h, protective atmosphere is argon gas.
Embodiment 4
(1) 150g diameter 10um, length 5mm chopped basalt fibre are put into calcination in the Muffle furnace of air atmosphere and removed
Glue, technique are to be incubated 2h at 300 DEG C；
(2) the 150g basalt fibres that are chopped are mixed with 1000g ethanol solutions, makes the Black Warrior that is chopped using ultrasonic vibration
Rock fiber is disperseing in ethanol solution, ultrasonic time 6h, ultrasonic power 100w.Obtain solution 1；
(3) 350g particle diameters 5um pure aluminium powder is mixed with 4500g ethanol solutions, use homogenizer with
500r/min mixing speed stirs 10min to mixed ethanol solution, pure aluminium powder is dispersed in absolute ethyl alcohol
In solution, no caking.Obtain solution 2；
(4) solution 1 and solution 2 are mixed, using homogenizer with the chopped Black Warrior of 1000r/min speed high-speed stirred
Rock fiber and the ethanol solution of pure aluminium powder mixing, mixing time 10min；
(5) the mixed solution of step 4 is put into vacuum drying chamber, dries 16h after vacuumizing at 60 DEG C, obtain fine aluminium
The mixed powder of powder and chopped basalt fibre；
(6) fine aluminium that step 5 obtains is placed in mould with the mixed powder of chopped basalt fibre, and mould is put into heat
Press in stove, and Thermocompressed sintering and forming.Sintering temperature is 650 DEG C, sintering pressure 50MPa, is incubated 1h, protective atmosphere is argon gas.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. chopped basalt fibre reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that：The composite is by the Black Warrior that is chopped The mixed powder of rock fiber and aluminium powder or Al alloy powder carries out hot pressed sintering in mould and is prepared, and be chopped basalt fibre It is evenly distributed in aluminium base.
- 2. material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Aluminium powder or Al alloy powder are pure aluminium powder or Al alloy powder One kind, the particle size of powder is 2um-50um.
- 3. material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The length of chopped basalt fibre is 1-5mm, diameter 9- 15um, the content for the basalt fibre that is chopped is 2vt%-50vt%.
- 4. the preparation technology of basalt fibre enhancing aluminium powder as claimed in claim 1 or Al alloy powder composite, its feature exist In described step of preparation process is as follows(1) be chopped basalt fibre pretreatment：Chopped basalt fibre is put into calcination removing glue, work in the Muffle furnace of air atmosphere Skill is 0.5~2h of insulation at 300-400 DEG C；(2) be chopped the scattered of basalt fibre：By chopped basalt fibre and ethanol solution in mass ratio 1：(10-20) is mixed Close, using ultrasonic vibration allow chopped basalt fibre ethanol solution in disperse, ultrasonic time 6-12h, ultrasonic work( Rate is 100-300w.Obtain solution 1；(3) aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is scattered：By aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and ethanol solution in mass ratio 1：(10-20) is mixed Close, use homogenizer to stir 10-30min to mixed ethanol solution with 500-1000r/min mixing speed, Aluminium powder or Al alloy powder is set to be dispersed in ethanol solution, no caking.Obtain solution 2；(4) powder mixes：By solution 1 and solution 2 in mass ratio 1：(0-5) is mixed, and using homogenizer with 500- The chopped basalt fibre of 1000r/min speed high-speed stirred and aluminium powder or the ethanol solution of Al alloy powder mixing, stirring Time 10-20min；(5) mixed powder is dried：The mixed solution of step 4 is put into vacuum drying chamber, done after vacuumizing at 60-100 DEG C Dry 8-16h, obtain the mixed powder of aluminium powder or Al alloy powder and chopped basalt fibre；(6) Thermocompressed sintering and forming：The aluminium powder or Al alloy powder that step 5 is obtained are put with the mixed powder of chopped basalt fibre In in mould, mould is put into hot pressing furnace, and Thermocompressed sintering and forming.Sintering temperature is 500-650 DEG C, sintering pressure 30- 50MPa, 0.5-3h is incubated, protective atmosphere is argon gas, and used mould is steel mold.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN109402533A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-01 | 江苏普斯森精密机械有限公司 | A kind of aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN109486120A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-03-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of dispersing method and its application of vinylite basalt chopped fiber |
| CN111500022A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-07 | 陕西科技大学 | Preparation method of reticular basalt fiber reinforced ceramic-based material |
| CN111850433A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-10-30 | 南京工业大学 | Continuous silicon carbide fiber reinforced metal matrix fiber wire, preparation method and composite material |
| CN112981283A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-06-18 | 郑州轻工业大学 | Preparation method of chopped carbon fiber reinforced copper-based composite material |
| CN113430471A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-09-24 | 重庆京宏源实业有限公司 | Preparation method of basalt fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite material |
| CN113912416A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-01-11 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Method for recycling silicon carbide fibers and application |
| CN114107845A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-01 | 安徽省恒泰动力科技有限公司 | Aluminum-based alloy product and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109486120A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-03-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of dispersing method and its application of vinylite basalt chopped fiber |
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| CN111500022A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-07 | 陕西科技大学 | Preparation method of reticular basalt fiber reinforced ceramic-based material |
| CN111500022B (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2022-11-04 | 陕西科技大学 | Preparation method of reticular basalt fiber reinforced ceramic-based material |
| CN111850433A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-10-30 | 南京工业大学 | Continuous silicon carbide fiber reinforced metal matrix fiber wire, preparation method and composite material |
| CN112981283A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-06-18 | 郑州轻工业大学 | Preparation method of chopped carbon fiber reinforced copper-based composite material |
| CN113430471A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-09-24 | 重庆京宏源实业有限公司 | Preparation method of basalt fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite material |
| CN113430471B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-08-05 | 重庆京宏源铝业有限公司 | Preparation method of basalt fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite material |
| CN113912416A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-01-11 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Method for recycling silicon carbide fibers and application |
| CN114107845A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-01 | 安徽省恒泰动力科技有限公司 | Aluminum-based alloy product and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20171124 |