CN107374997A - 一种防腐剂及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防腐剂及其应用,该防腐剂由如下质量百分比的组分组成:巴西苏木素0.2‑2.5%、菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物0.1‑2.0%、高良姜素0.2‑2.3%。本发明防腐剂所有原料都来源于天然植物,富含的多种功效成分互相调和、协同增效,使产品具有显著的防腐效果。本发明防腐剂可以作为化妆品防腐剂应用于眼膜,完全替代化学合成防腐剂的使用,提高产品安全性,无刺激、无过敏、无毒副作用,同时不会影响到化妆品的稳定性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化妆品领域,具体涉及一种防腐剂及其应用。
背景技术
防腐剂就是指可以阻止微生物生长的物质。在化妆品中,防腐剂的作用是保护产品,使之免受微生物污染。化妆品受到微生物污染易引起变质,一般情况下,在外观就能够反应出来。如霉菌和酵母菌经常在产品的包装边沿等地方出现霉点;受微生物污染的产品出现混浊、沉淀、颜色变化、pH值改变、发泡、变味,如果是乳化体则可能出现破乳,成块等。如果防腐剂添加的量不够,则可能出现微生物适应周围的生长环境,产生抗药性,从而导致防腐失效。目前大多数化妆品公司所使用的都是化学合成防腐剂,而化学合成防腐剂均存在刺激性大、毒性大的缺陷,安全性方面不是很好。现在消费者对化妆品安全性特别关注,倾向于使用天然、无刺激、无皮肤过敏等问题的产品。因此,开发一种安全可靠、高效、无污染的防腐剂已成迫切需要。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种防腐剂,其由几种天然植物成分组成,能抑制微生物生长,而且具有无毒、无刺激、无皮肤过敏等优点。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种防腐剂包括如下质量百分比的组分:巴西苏木素0.2-2.5%、菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物0.1-2.0%、高良姜素0.2-2.3%。
进一步的,所述的防腐剂包括如下质量百分比的组分:巴西苏木素0.4-2.0%、菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物0.3-1.8%、高良姜素0.5-2.0%。
优选的,所述的防腐剂包括如下质量百分比的组分:巴西苏木素0.6-1.5%、菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物0.5-1.0%、高良姜素0.7-1.2%。
进一步的,所述的巴西苏木素的制备方法如下:称取巴西苏木药材,洗净,干燥,粉碎,得巴西苏木药材粉末;按照料液1:15加入体积分数为95%的乙醇,加热回流提取,回收溶剂得到巴西苏木粗提取物,过滤,将滤渣重复提取2次;然后加入乙酸乙酯进行萃取,重结晶后,得巴西苏木素。
进一步的,所述的菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物的制备方法如下:称取菊苣,干燥后,按照料液比1:15加入体积分数为85%的乙醇,重复提取三次,合并滤液,减压浓缩,加入2倍量的水混悬;然后用乙酸乙酯进行萃取,减压浓缩各萃取液;经硅胶柱层析,洗脱后得菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物。
进一步的,所述的高良姜素的制备方法为:称取高良姜,干燥,粉碎成80目,按照料液比1:10加入95%乙醇回流2次,每次1.5h,合并2次滤液;置于旋转蒸发仪浓缩,用2倍量的石油醚进行脱脂,在加入2倍量的氯仿萃取2次,合并2次氯仿萃取液;氯仿液减压浓缩置浸膏,上处理过的聚酰胺柱,依次用水、20%乙醇、40%乙醇冲柱,然后用50%乙醇、60%乙醇冲柱,收集50%馏分;将50%馏分减压浓缩,冷却过夜,析出沉淀,过滤,重结晶,得高良姜素。
本发明还提供一种防腐剂在制备化妆品中的应用,且所述的化妆品为眼膜。
进一步的,所述的眼膜包括如下质量百分比的组分:上述的一种防腐剂1.8-3.7%、丁二醇2.5-3.6%、甘油3.2-4.5%、丙二醇1.5-4.7%、聚甘油-101.2-3.4%、海藻糖0.6-1.2%、水解胶原蛋白0.4-1.0%、积雪草提取物0.04-0.08%、黄芩提取物0.01-0.05%、珍珠提取物0.01-0.05%、透明质酸钠0.1-0.6%、甘油丙烯酸酯/丙烯酸共聚物0.2-0.7%、卡波姆0.1-0.25%、去离子水余量。
下面对本发明防腐剂中的几种组分进行介绍:
巴西苏木素,又称苏方木素,巴西红木素,苏枋隐色素,是苏木的主要活性成分,同时作为一种天然色素常用于病理组织染色。巴西苏木素属于高异黄酮类化合物的衍生物,具有抗菌、抗炎、降血糖、免疫调节等多种药理活性。作为抗菌的有效成分,巴西苏木素对一些耐抗生素的细菌,如耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌、耐万古霉素的肠球菌以及耐多药的洋葱伯克霍尔德菌及其它细菌具有显著的抑制作用,其最小抑菌浓度为4~32μg/mL。研究表明,苏木甲醇提取物及50%乙醇提取物对痤疮丙酸杆菌的生长具有明显的抑制作用,进一步对甲醇提取物进行分离,得到巴西苏木素,原苏木素A及苏木酮B,活性筛选结果表明,巴西苏木素较原苏木素A和苏木酮B具有更强的抗菌活性,最小抑制浓度为0.5mg/mL。
菊苣为菊科植物菊苣及毛菊苣的干燥地上部分或根,又名蓝菊。菊苣中主要含有多糖类、萜类(尤其是倍半萜类)、黄酮类和酚酸类等化学成分。菊苣地上部分和根提取物具有显著的抗菌活性。研究表明,菊苣根醋酸乙酯提取物比其他溶剂提取物表现出更强的抑菌活性,该提取物对枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、伤寒沙门氏菌的抑制作用强于藤黄微球菌和大肠杆菌。菊苣根提取物还有很强的抗真菌活性。
山姜属系姜科植物,全世界约250种,分布于亚洲热带地区,我国有46种,产西南部至台湾,该属植物具有重要的药用价值,具有抗菌消炎、消食镇痛、暖胃止呕等功效。研究表明,大高良姜的乙醇提取物中的D,L-1′-乙酰氧基胡椒酚乙酸酯对金黄色葡萄球菌有较强的抑菌活性,并且革兰阳性细菌和酵母菌对它也较敏感,特别是葡萄球菌属。40%乙醇提取物能够抑制金黄色葡萄球菌,甲型溶血性链球菌,β-溶血性链球菌和肺炎链球菌。这些活性与它对β-酮脂酰-ACP还原酶的抑制作用有关。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有的有益效果如下:本发明防腐剂由巴西苏木素、菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物、高良姜素按特定比例组成,通过抑制β-酮脂酰-ACP还原酶,抑制细菌、真菌的生长,3种成分协同效应,来发挥更有效的防腐作用。其中,巴西苏木素对一些耐抗生素的细菌,如耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌、耐万古霉素的肠球菌以及耐多药的洋葱伯克霍尔德菌及其它细菌具有显著的抑制作用;菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物、高良姜素都对金黄色葡萄球菌等真菌起抗菌作用,三者协同作用,有效发挥抗菌防腐功效。本发明防腐剂可以作为化妆品防腐剂应用于眼膜,完全替代化学合成防腐剂的使用,提高产品安全性,对眼部肌肤无刺激、无过敏、无毒副作用,同时不会影响到化妆品的稳定性。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步阐述:
文中所出现的所有成分均为INCI(International Nomenclature CosmeticIngredient),即国际化妆品原料明明说对其规定的名称。
本发明的眼膜实施例1~5配方,见表1。
表1
1.巴西苏木素的制备方法如下:
称取巴西苏木药材,洗净,干燥,粉碎,得巴西苏木药材粉末;按照料液1:15加入体积分数为95%的乙醇,加热回流提取,回收溶剂得到巴西苏木粗提取物,过滤,将滤渣重复提取2次;然后加入乙酸乙酯进行萃取,重结晶后,得巴西苏木素。
2.菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物的制备方法如下:
称取菊苣,干燥后,按照料液比1:15加入体积分数为85%的乙醇,重复提取三次,合并滤液,减压浓缩,加入2倍量的水混悬;然后用乙酸乙酯进行萃取,减压浓缩各萃取液;经硅胶柱层析,洗脱后得菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物。
3.高良姜素的制备方法为:
称取高良姜,干燥,粉碎成80目,按照料液比1:10加入95%乙醇回流2次,每次1.5h,合并2次滤液;置于旋转蒸发仪浓缩,用2倍量的石油醚进行脱脂,在加入2倍量的氯仿萃取2次,合并2次氯仿萃取液;氯仿液减压浓缩置浸膏,上处理过的聚酰胺柱,依次用水、20%乙醇、40%乙醇冲柱,然后用50%乙醇、60%乙醇冲柱,收集50%馏分;将50%馏分减压浓缩,冷却过夜,析出沉淀,过滤,重结晶,得高良姜素。
对比例1:
与实施例3的区别仅为不添加巴西苏木素,其余各物质添加,制备条件与工艺均不发生改变。
对比例2:
与实施例3的区别仅为不添加菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物,其余各物质添加,制备条件与工艺均不发生改变。
对比例3:
与实施例3的区别仅为不添加高良姜素,其余各物质添加,制备条件与工艺均不发生改变。
对比例4:
与实施例3相比,巴西苏木素、菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物、高良姜素均不添加,其余各物质添加量、制备条件与工艺仍不发生改变。
抑菌功效验证:
本实验采用金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和粉刺丙酸杆菌作代表均,参与本发明防腐剂的抑菌作用测试。将滤纸使用打孔器剪成φ5mm的纸片,通过高温灭菌后备用,随后用干净镊子将灭菌滤纸片分别置于各例子或无菌水配置而成的对应样品液,浸泡半小时后晾干,标记后备用。
用移液管固定吸取0.1mL菌种悬液于无菌培养皿中,倒入15mL冷却的灭菌培养基,而培养基类型因对应菌种不同而改变,待培养基充分混匀后水平静置,当自然冷凝后,将各个纸片平贴于培养皿中,置于培养箱很稳37℃培养1~2天。培养结束后统一取出样品,并使用统一标准的测量工具测定抑菌圈直径,汇总后列表,如表2。
表2
由常识可知,无菌水基本不具有抗菌能力,而从表2可以发现本实验使用的基础眼膜配方样品,即对比例4抗菌能力也可以忽略。
往基础配方中添加本发明防腐剂部分成分后,抗菌能力得到了提升,但实际上抗菌能力仍然不足以达到需求。
最后由实施例数据可以发现,按比例添加本发明防腐剂全部成分后,抗菌能力得到了大幅提升,其原因为组合物中各成分本身具有一定的抗菌能力,其抗菌原理均有差异,组合后能通过具有差异但互补的原理进一步增强其抗菌效果,进而达到所需抗菌目的。
以上实施例仅用于说明本发明的实施方案,并没有对本发明有任何形式上的限制;任何从事本专业的技术人员,都有能力利用已揭示的技术内容,对其作出一些更动或修饰,成为等同变化的等效实施例。根据本发明技术实质,对本发明进行简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种防腐剂,其特征在于,所述的防腐剂包括如下质量百分比的组分:巴西苏木素0.2-2.5%、菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物0.1-2.0%、高良姜素0.2-2.3%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防腐剂,其特征在于,所述的防腐剂包括如下质量百分比的组分:巴西苏木素0.4-2.0%、菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物0.3-1.8%、高良姜素0.5-2.0%。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种防腐剂,其特征在于,所述的防腐剂包括如下质量百分比的组分:巴西苏木素0.6-1.5%、菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物0.5-1.0%、高良姜素0.7-1.2%。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的一种防腐剂,其特征在于,所述的巴西苏木素的制备方法如下:称取巴西苏木药材,洗净,干燥,粉碎,得巴西苏木药材粉末;按照料液1:15加入体积分数为95%的乙醇,加热回流提取,回收溶剂得到巴西苏木粗提取物,过滤,将滤渣重复提取2次;然后加入乙酸乙酯进行萃取,重结晶后,得巴西苏木素。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的一种防腐剂,其特征在于,所述的菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物的制备方法如下:称取菊苣,干燥后,按照料液比1:15加入体积分数为85%的乙醇,重复提取三次,合并滤液,减压浓缩,加入2倍量的水混悬;然后用乙酸乙酯进行萃取,减压浓缩各萃取液;经硅胶柱层析,洗脱后得菊苣倍半萜内酯类化合物。
6.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的一种防腐剂,其特征在于,所述的高良姜素的制备方法为:称取高良姜,干燥,粉碎成80目,按照料液比1:10加入95%乙醇回流2次,每次1.5h,合并2次滤液;置于旋转蒸发仪浓缩,用2倍量的石油醚进行脱脂,在加入2倍量的氯仿萃取2次,合并2次氯仿萃取液;氯仿液减压浓缩置浸膏,上处理过的聚酰胺柱,依次用水、20%乙醇、40%乙醇冲柱,然后用50%乙醇、60%乙醇冲柱,收集50%馏分;将50%馏分减压浓缩,冷却过夜,析出沉淀,过滤,重结晶,得高良姜素。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的一种防腐剂在制备化妆品中的应用。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的化妆品为眼膜。
9.一种含天然防腐剂的眼膜,其特征在于,所述的眼膜包括如下质量百分比的组分:如权利要求1所述的一种防腐剂1.8-3.7%、丁二醇2.5-3.6%、甘油3.2-4.5%、丙二醇1.5-4.7%、聚甘油-101.2-3.4%、海藻糖0.6-1.2%、水解胶原蛋白0.4-1.0%、积雪草提取物0.04-0.08%、黄芩提取物0.01-0.05%、珍珠提取物0.01-0.05%、透明质酸钠0.1-0.6%、甘油丙烯酸酯/丙烯酸共聚物0.2-0.7%、卡波姆0.1-0.25%、去离子水余量。
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