CN1073739C - Doped strontium titanate current liquid and preparation method - Google Patents
Doped strontium titanate current liquid and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1073739C CN1073739C CN95107425A CN95107425A CN1073739C CN 1073739 C CN1073739 C CN 1073739C CN 95107425 A CN95107425 A CN 95107425A CN 95107425 A CN95107425 A CN 95107425A CN 1073739 C CN1073739 C CN 1073739C
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- strontium titanate
- electrorheological fluid
- liquid
- oxalate
- preparing
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a technology for manufacturing a dielectric material, particularly to an electrorheological liquid technology of doped strontium titanate prepared by a colloid chemistry method. The present invention aims to provide the electrorheological liquid of the doped strontium titanate, which has the advantages of stable structure, difficult sedimentation and good mechanical property. In the technology of the present invention, SrCl2, TiCl4, MCl3 oxalic acid dihydrate (or oxalate), citric acid and dicarboxylalcohol lipid are used as raw materials. The raw materials are prepared into aging liquid from Sr<1-x>MxTiO3; after aging, centrifugation, washing and sintering, spheroidal particles of the doped strontium titanate are prepared. The spheroidal particles are mixed with 200<#>.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing technology field of dielectric substance, particularly relate to and utilize the colloid chemistry method to prepare the strontium titanate current liquid technology of doping.
Electrorheological fluid is very valued at present intelligent liquid, and when extra electric field, the viscosity of this liquid (shear strength) (millisecond) immediately increases 4-5 the order of magnitude and becomes similar solid.In case remove external electric field, material recovers original liquid condition again, its shear strength approximate with square being directly proportional of extra electric field intensity, thereby can continuously change shear strength by the adjusting applied voltage.This new kink characteristics has important application prospects technically.Its major advantage be the response time soon, continuously adjustable, energy consumption is low, be convenient to computer control.Can realize control, transmission, the damping of electromechanical integration.For example can make vibration absorber, clutch, inorganic speed governing, brake, valve etc.Use at industrial departments such as automation, robot automobile, aviations, will produce revolutionary impact.
This effect of electrorheological fluid just finds before five more than ten years, owing to be to adopt moisture material at that time, and corn flour etc. for example, when higher temperature, moisture is volatile, so practical application is restricted.As: patent documentation 2,417850 3/1947Winslow 175
#320 US.3,047,5677/1947 Winslow 252
#75US. etc.Developed water-free electrorheological fluid material in 1987 later on, as adopting SiO
2Float stones etc. can use in very wide temperature range, but these materials are under low-voltage, and its shearing force is very low, and than great, easily precipitation still is difficult to extensive use, as: patent documentation 4687,589 8/1987 Block 169
#04 US, 1,501,635 2/1978 UK, 2,153,372 8/1985 UK.
Because the development and the demand of technology have promoted the research of electrorheological fluid, states such as American and Britain, day, Russia have all dropped into very big strength and have carried out electrorheological fluid material and application technical research in recent years.And for example " Nature " (1992) " Science " (1992) " Scientific American " (1993) etc. have all done specialist paper and commentary, and the electrorheological fluid shearing force that Japan National Oil Corp releases in new material exhibition in 1994 is the material (concrete material does not have open) of 2Kpa.Our country has minority unit to begin to carry out the research of electrorheological fluid material such as alumino-silicate, polyacrylonitrile base, polyisobutene acid and application facet in the late nineteen eighties.In a word, comprehensive above-mentionedly also can not find a kind ofly under low-voltage at present in the world, shear strength is up to steady chemical structure, the proportion of 5Kpa inorganic salts electrorheological fluid material little, not free settling.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming and defect of above-mentioned prior art, for a kind of Stability Analysis of Structures is provided, free settling not, good mechanical property, it can be when applied voltage reaches 2500V/mm, and its shear strength reaches the strontium titanate doping electrorheological fluid of 5.5Kpa; Secondly simplify the preparation formality in order to provide a kind of employing colloid chemistry method to reach, improve the method for preparing spherical strontium titanate doping electrorheological fluid of rate of finished products.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: adopt the raw material of the above grade of chemical pure, use SrCl
2, TiCl
4As cation group and MCl
3(wherein M can be light rare earth element such as La, Y, Nd, Ce) is as dopant; Oxalate as: ethanedioic acid potassium, sodium salt or oxalic acid are as anionic group; Can also add an amount of citric acid as screening agent, the pH value of regulating ageing solution is between 2-5; Also can add an amount of alcohol ester oxalate again and play the colloidal sol effect, press Sr as solvent
1-xM
xTiO
3Form (wherein X=0-0.4) and come the proportioning weighing, get SrCl
2Press Sr
2+ 0.05-0.4mol/l, TiCl
4Press Ti
4+ 0.05-0.4mol/l; Ethanedioic acid is 0.1-0.8mol/l; The amount of M is by Sr
1-xM
xTiO
3The content of middle X is determined MCl
3Weight, mix, this is an ageing liquid, again this ageing liquid was placed in 50 ℃ of-70 ℃ of waters bath with thermostatic control ageing 10-50 minute, and used water-cooled then, centrifugal, the gained sediment is used the second distillation water washing three times again after centrifugal, general vacuumize, after put into Muffle furnace at 950 ℃ of sintering 5-10 hours, can obtain the strontium titanates particle that white is mixed; It is evenly mixed that it and silicone oil etc. are pressed the different volumes proportion by subtraction, SrTiO
3+ silicone oil is proportion by subtraction by volume, promptly presses:
V in the formula
p=particle cumulative volume
V
fThe volume of=oil promptly is made into the strontium titanate current liquid of doping.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is done and to explain:
Fig. 1: SiTiO
3The transmission electron microscope photo of monocrystalline spheric granules.
Fig. 2: SiTiO
3The electrorheological fluid shear strength is to the change curve of extra electric field.
Fig. 3: Sr
1-xM
xTiO
3The transmission electron microscope photo of spherical chain.
Fig. 4: Sr
1-xM
xTiO
3The shear strength of series is to the change curve of extra electric field.
Embodiment 1:
With 120ml concentration is that ethanedioic acid (or oxalic acid) solution of 1mol/l adds that to contain 50ml concentration be 1mol/l SrCl
2And 50ml concentration is 1mol/lTiCl
4, citric acid 10g in the acetate two alcohol ester 10ml aqueous solution, adds water 770ml, makes consisting of of mixed back system: 0.05mol/l Sr
2+, 0.05mol/l Ti
4+, 0.12mol/l ethanedioic acid (or oxalic acid), this ageing liquid is placed 65 ℃ of water bath with thermostatic control ageings 50 minutes, water-cooled, centrifugal.The gained sediment is with second distillation water washing three times, and vacuumize 950 ℃ of sintering 7 hours, promptly gets strontium titanates, with 200 then
#Silicone oil by volume proportion by subtraction 0.41 is mixed into electrorheological fluid, and the relation of its shear strength and extra electric field as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment 2:
With 240ml concentration is that ethanedioic acid (or oxalic acid) solution of 1mol/l adds that to contain 100ml concentration be 1mol/l SrCl
2And 100ml concentration is 1mol/lTiCl
4, 20ml concentration is 1mol/l YGl
3, citric acid 20g in the alcohol ester oxalate 10ml aqueous solution, adds water 510ml, makes consisting of of mixed back system: 0.1mol/l Sr
2+, 0.1mol/l Ti
4+, 0.24mol/l ethanedioic acid, 0.02mol/l Y
3+, this ageing liquid is placed 65 ℃ of water bath with thermostatic control ageings 30 minutes, water-cooled, centrifugal.The gained sediment is with second distillation water washing three times, vacuumize, and 950 ℃ of sintering 7 hours in Muffle furnace then promptly get original proportioning and are: Sr
0.8Y
0.2TiO
3White particle, again with Sr
0.8Y
0.2TiO
318.8g with 200
#6 milliliters of silicone oil by volume proportion by subtraction are 0.38 to be mixed with electrorheological fluid, and its performance is referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 4.
Embodiment 3: get the Sr that embodiment 2 prepares
0.8Y
0.2TiO
3White particle and 200
#Silicone oil is mixed, and by volume proportion by subtraction is 0.33, takes by weighing Sr
0.8Y
0.2TiO
3Material 15.1g is with 200
#Silicone oil 6ml is mixed to stir is 0.33 strontium titanate doping electrorheological fluid.
Embodiment 4: get the Sr that embodiment 2 prepares
0.8Y
0.2TiO
3White particle and 200
#Silicone oil is mixed, and by volume proportion by subtraction is 0.29 mixing, can be made into the strontium titanate doping electrorheological fluid of 0.29 series.
Embodiment 5: described with embodiment 2 technologies, and according to Sr
1-xM
xTiO
3It is Ce (No that composition is chosen M
3), the preparation original set becomes Sr
0.8Ce
0.2TiO
3Mix cerium metatitanic acid cerium, get Sr
0.8Ce
0.2TiO
3White particle powder 13.1g, 200
#6 milliliters of silicone oil, by volume proportion by subtraction is 0.23, mixing stirs to make mixes the cerium strontium titanate current liquid.This electrorheological fluid shear strength (when extra electric field is 2500V/mm) of being surveyed is 2000Pa.
Embodiment 6: with the identical neodymium-doped strontium titanate current liquid for preparing of embodiment 2 described technologies, use Nd
2O
3Raw material is mixed with Sr
0.9Nd
0.1TiO
3, use neodymium-doped strontium titanates and 200 then
#Silicone oil is mixed, and by volume proportion by subtraction is 0.38 mixed, stirs and makes the electrorheological fluid of neodymium-doped.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. at low-voltage 2500v/mm, shear strength is up to 5.5Kpa.
2. free settling not.
3. steady chemical structure.
4. material granule shape unanimity, the spherical dispersed system of the monocrystalline of size narrowly distributing, single crystal grain reaches 0.5 μ.
5. the preparation method is simple, the rate of finished products height.
Claims (4)
1. the strontium titanate current liquid of a doping is characterized in that: comprise Sr
1-xM
xTiO
3, wherein M=La, Y, Nd, Ce, X=0-0.4; With 200
#Silicone oil, both form from 0.23-0.41 by volume.
2. a method for preparing the described strontium titanate doping electrorheological fluid of claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt SrCl
2, TiCl
4, MCl
3, oxalate does raw material, raw material MCl wherein
3For the chloride of M=La, Y, Nd, Ce, press Sr
1-xM
xTiO
3The ratio weighing, wherein M=La, Y, Nd, Ce, mixing and stirring is made into ageing liquid, ageing liquid was placed in 50 ℃ of-70 ℃ of waters bath with thermostatic control ageing 10-50 minute, use water-cooled then, centrifugal, the gained sediment is used the second distillation water washing three times again after centrifugal, after vacuumize, put into Muffle furnace at 950 ℃ of sintering 5-10 hours, can obtain the strontium titanates particle and 200 that white spheric granules mixes
#Silicone oil by volume proportion by subtraction 0.23-0.41 evenly mixes, and makes the strontium titanate doping electrorheological fluid.
3. by the described method for preparing the strontium titanate doping electrorheological fluid of claim 2, it is characterized in that: described oxalate raw material is ethanedioic acid potassium, sodium oxalate or oxalic acid.
4. by the described method for preparing the strontium titanate doping electrorheological fluid of claim 2, it is characterized in that: also be included in SrCl
2, TiCl
4, MCl
3, add citric acid PH in the ageing liquid for preparing of oxalate and be adjusted between the 2-5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95107425A CN1073739C (en) | 1995-07-06 | 1995-07-06 | Doped strontium titanate current liquid and preparation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95107425A CN1073739C (en) | 1995-07-06 | 1995-07-06 | Doped strontium titanate current liquid and preparation method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1139813A CN1139813A (en) | 1997-01-08 |
| CN1073739C true CN1073739C (en) | 2001-10-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95107425A Expired - Fee Related CN1073739C (en) | 1995-07-06 | 1995-07-06 | Doped strontium titanate current liquid and preparation method |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2000064814A1 (en) * | 1999-04-27 | 2000-11-02 | Mcmaster University | Mixed electronic and ionic conducting ceramics |
| WO2003094268A2 (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2003-11-13 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Cerium-modified doped strontium titanate composition for solid oxide fuel cell anodes and electrodes for other electrochemical devices |
| CN100360650C (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2008-01-09 | 西北工业大学 | Current rheologic liquid of Nano titanate |
| CN111968794A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-20 | 王成艳 | Cable insulating layer coating method |
| CN113845964A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-12-28 | 杭州赛聚科技有限公司 | Preparation method of electrorheological fluid |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4687589A (en) * | 1985-02-06 | 1987-08-18 | Hermann Block | Electronheological fluids |
| US4772407A (en) * | 1987-12-02 | 1988-09-20 | Lord Corporation | Electrorheological fluids |
-
1995
- 1995-07-06 CN CN95107425A patent/CN1073739C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4687589A (en) * | 1985-02-06 | 1987-08-18 | Hermann Block | Electronheological fluids |
| US4772407A (en) * | 1987-12-02 | 1988-09-20 | Lord Corporation | Electrorheological fluids |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1139813A (en) | 1997-01-08 |
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