A kind of air-source water heater voltage regulating and controlling circuit
Technical field
The invention belongs to air-source water heater technical field, particularly a kind of air-source water heater voltage regulating and controlling circuit.
Background technology
Air-source water heater is because energy-saving and environmental protection, free of contamination advantage are widely used by many enterprises and family, air energy
Water heater is mainly made of the circulatory system and refrigerant, and operation principle is:Refrigerant is under compressor effect in system inner recirculation flow
Dynamic, liquid refrigerants flows through the low-temperature heat quantity in heat sink ambient air, and gaseous state, gaseous state are converted by liquid after heat absorption evaporation
The low-temperature heat quantity absorbed in air is converted into high temperature heat by the compressed boosting of refrigerant, and release heat is to cold water when flowing through heat exchanger
It being heated, the refrigerant after heat release is converted into liquid by gaseous state, the low-temperature heat quantity being again introduced into heat sink ambient air,
Gaseous state, boosting heating are converted into after heat absorption evaporation again, refrigerant constantly recycles, and the low-temperature heat quantity in air just constantly is carried
And high temperature heat is converted into, it discharges in water cool water heating.
At present, air-source water heater is generally controlled by relay and heated, when temperature is less than given threshold temperature, relay
Device is attracted, and powers on and water is heated, and when temperature reaches given threshold temperature, relay disconnects, and stops carrying out water
Heating, on the one hand will appear the sometimes hot and sometimes cold situation of water, many inconvenience can be brought to user;Another aspect water temperature difference hour,
The phenomenon that electric shock is frequently attracted, disconnects is susceptible to, can also cause Arcing so as to influence relay life, cause fire;
Or the power of compressor electric motor is adjusted by frequency converter, and then the water temperature in attemperater is made to be in temperature constant state, such method
It is energy saving, effective, but cost is high.
So the present invention provides a new technical solution to solve the problems, such as this.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned problems, to solve the problems, such as the existing stage, the present invention provides a kind of air-source water heater electricity
Circuit for regulating and controlling is pressed, efficiently solves existing relay control heating, constant temperature is difficult to control, and inconvenient for use and safety is low and becomes
The problem of frequency device thermostatic control cost is high.
Its technical solution solved is that including temperature signal collection circuit, voltage regulating and controlling circuit and coupled voltages are electric step by step
Road, which is characterized in that the water temperature signal in temperature signal collection circuit acquisition air-source water heater attemperater, water temperature signal warp
Cross subtracter acquisition temperature difference ratio enlargement, water temperature signal of the diode clamp after 0 ~+20V, clamper is the electricity of regulating and controlling voltage step by step
The trigger signal of level-one triode in road, the becoming larger of water temperature signal after clamper can make in voltage regulating and controlling circuit step by step one to
Level Four triode is connected step by step, and one to level Four triode is connected can change step-up transformer in coupled voltages circuit step by step step by step
Transformation ratio realizes the regulation and control of output voltage;
The voltage regulating and controlling circuit step by step is connected in parallel using triode Q1 ~ Q4, forms one to level Four triode step by step
Circuit, one end of emitter difference connecting resistance R1 ~ R4 of triode Q1 ~ Q4 and the anode of diode D1 ~ D4, triode Q1 ~ Q4
Collector and the cathode of diode D1 ~ D4 be total to endpoint and meet power supply+50V.
Preferably, the coupled voltages circuit includes step-up transformer T1, and step-up transformer T1 primary coils are with three
The transformer of a tap 2,3,4, according to transformation ratio formula N1/N2=U1/U2, using in voltage regulating and controlling circuit step by step not at the same level three
The conducting of pole pipe changes the number of turn of step-up transformer T1 primary coils, and then changes the voltage of step-up transformer T1 secondary coils,
The end of a thread 1 of step-up transformer T1 connects the output terminal of level Four triode regulating circuit, and the tap 2,3,4 of step-up transformer T1 is distinguished
Connect three-level, two level, level-one triode regulating circuit output terminal, the end of a thread 5 of step-up transformer T1 by capacitance C1 connections,
The end of a thread 6, the end of a thread 7 are connected with current protecting circuit in the secondary coil of step-up transformer T1.
Preferably, the temperature signal collection circuit includes temperature sensor P1, and the pin 1 of temperature sensor P1 connects electricity
The pin 2 of source+5V, temperature sensor P1 connect one end of resistance R9 respectively, and the other end of resistance R9 connects operation amplifier respectively
The pin 2 of device AR1, one end of ground resistance R8, the connection of pin 4 ground of operational amplifier A R1, the pin 7 of operational amplifier A R1
Connect power supply+5V, the pin 1 of operational amplifier A R1 connect respectively one end of resistance R7, resistance R6 one end, resistance R6's is another
The adjustable end of one end connection potentiometer RP1, the lower end connection resistance of upper end the connection power supply+5V, potentiometer RP1 of potentiometer RP1
One end of R5, the other end connection ground of resistance R5, the other end of resistance R7 connect pin 3, the resistance of operational amplifier A R1 respectively
One end of R10, the cathode of the other end connection voltage-stabiliser tube DZ1 of resistance R10, the anode of voltage-stabiliser tube DZ1 connect diode D6 respectively
Cathode, the cathode of diode D7, step by step in voltage regulating and controlling circuit level-one triode base stage, the anode connection electricity of diode D6
The anode connection power supply 0V of source+5V, diode D7.
Preferably, the current protecting circuit includes metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5, the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 connect respectively diode D5 cathode,
Resistance R5 left ends, the end of a thread 6 in the secondary coil of diode D5 anodes connection step-up transformer T1, the source electrode connection electricity of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5
Resistance R5 right ends, the one end for regulating and controlling voltage output, connection insures the right end of F1, regulates and controls voltage output respectively for the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5
The other end, the end of a thread 7 in the secondary coil for the left end connection step-up transformer T1 for insuring F1.
Due to the use of above technical scheme, the present invention has the following advantages that compared with prior art;
1, the temperature signal in water tank is acquired in real time according to temperature sensor, by operational amplifier subtraction, output temperature
Poor information, triggering corresponding one change the transformation ratio of step-up transformer, realize output voltage to level Four triode ON or shutdown
Regulation and control, and then the power of compressor is adjusted, the water temperature in attemperater is made to be in temperature constant state, it is simple and practical, it is at low cost;
2, output loop has an overcurrent protection, load short circuits or output loop impedance is small when causing electric current excessive, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 is led
Logical, electric current flows to circuit across load by source-drain electrode, and electric current increased dramatically, and insurance F1 is disconnected, and is realized overcurrent protection, safely may be used
It leans on.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the voltage regulating and controlling circuit catenation principle figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the signal flow graph of the voltage regulating and controlling circuit step by step of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
For the present invention aforementioned and other technology contents, feature and effect, in following cooperation with reference to figures 1 through Fig. 2 pairs
In the detailed description of embodiment, can clearly it present.The structure content being previously mentioned in following embodiment is attached with specification
Figure is reference.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described further below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Embodiment one, a kind of air-source water heater voltage regulating and controlling circuit, including temperature sensing in temperature signal collection circuit
Device detects the temperature signal in attemperater and is converted to electric signal in real time, by subtraction obtain the temperature difference again ratio enlargement,
Diode clamp is sent to the trigger signal for making level-one triode in voltage regulating and controlling circuit step by step after 0 ~+5V, arrow in attached drawing 2
Trigger signal triggering one is designated as to level Four triode ON or the signal flow graph of shutdown, corresponding one to level Four triode ON
Or shutdown, the transformation ratio of step-up transformer can be changed, realize the regulation and control of output voltage, and then adjust the power of compressor, make guarantor
Water temperature in reservoir is in temperature constant state;The voltage regulating and controlling circuit step by step uses the parallel connection of core element triode Q1 ~ Q4
Connection forms one to level Four triode circuit step by step, specifically when being just switched on power supply, the room temperature of the water in attemperater at this time
Temperature, it is assumed that be 10 DEG C, set water temperature is 80 DEG C, and the temperature difference is big, at this time temperature signal collection circuit output HIGH voltage, this voltage touches
Hair triode Q1 ~ Q4 is connected step by step, and CE junction voltage, resistance R1 ~ R4 of the+50V voltages by triode Q1 ~ Q4 are added to boosting
1,2,3,4 ends of the primary coil of transformer T1, at this point, the number of primary turns of step-up transformer T1 is 1 end to the circle between 5 ends
Number, with the raising of the water temperature in attemperater, when reaching set temperature, temperature signal collection circuit exports low-voltage,
This voltage triggered triode Q1 is connected, and triode Q2, Q3, Q4 are turned off, and the number of primary turns of step-up transformer T1 is arrived for 4 ends
The number of turn between 5 ends need to can radiate with the use of user into cold water or water tank internal-external temperature difference, the water temperature in attemperater
It can change, temperature signal collection circuit output voltage, triode Q1, Q2 conducting or triode Q1, Q2, Q3 are connected, and rise
The number of primary turns of pressure transformer T1 is 3 ends to the number of turn between 5 ends or 2 ends to the number of turn between 5 ends.
Embodiment two, on the basis of embodiment one, the coupled voltages circuit realizes the regulation and control of output voltage, and then adjusts
The power of compressor is saved, including step-up transformer T1, step-up transformer T1 primary coils are transformation of the band there are three tap 2,3,4
Device, the end of a thread 1 of step-up transformer T1 connect the output terminal of level Four triode regulating circuit, the tap 2,3,4 of step-up transformer T1
Connect respectively three-level, two level, level-one triode regulating circuit output terminal, the end of a thread 5 of step-up transformer T1 connected by capacitance C1
Ground connection according to transformation ratio formula N1/N2=U1/U2, using the conducting of triode not at the same level in voltage regulating and controlling circuit step by step, changes
The number of turn of step-up transformer T1 primary coils, and then change the voltage of step-up transformer T1 secondary coils, step-up transformer T1's
The end of a thread 6, the end of a thread 7 are connected with current protecting circuit in secondary coil.
Embodiment three, on the basis of embodiment one, temperature signal collection circuit is in detection attemperater in real time
Temperature signal is simultaneously converted to electric signal, by subtracter obtain the temperature difference again ratio enlargement, diode clamp after 0 ~+5V, including
The temperature sensor P1 of model TPS35, wide -50 DEG C to+150 DEG C of measurement range, directly connects as in attemperater with water
It touches, precision is high, and the pin 1 of temperature sensor P1 connects power supply+5V, and the pin 2 of temperature sensor P1 will sense water temperature information and turn
The information of voltage UI1 of -0.5V-1.5V is changed to, the same mutually defeated of operational amplifier A R1 is sent to after being divided by resistance R8, resistance R9
Enter end, the connection of pin 4 ground of operational amplifier A R1, the pin 7 of operational amplifier A R1 connects power supply+5V, operational amplifier A R1
Inverting input connection resistance R5, potentiometer RP1 bleeder circuits, adjust the corresponding electricity of potentiometer RP1 adjustable settings water temperatures
Press UI2, the feedback circuit of resistance R7, resistance R6 composition operational amplifier A R1, output voltage Uo=R7 of operational amplifier A R1
/R6(UI1-UI2), this output voltage Uo is after resistance R10 current limlitings, voltage-stabiliser tube DZ1 voltage stabilizings, then through diode D6, diode D7
The clamp circuit clamper of composition is sent to voltage regulating and controlling circuit step by step after 0 ~+5V.
Example IV, on the basis of embodiment two, the current protecting circuit hinders for load short circuits or output loop
Anti- small when causing electric current excessive, insurance F1 is disconnected, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 is P-channel enhancement type pipe, and resistance R5 is the high-power electricity of small resistance value
Resistance, and diode D5, resistance R5 composition current detecting part, when electric current is more than setting electric current, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 conductings, electric current across
Overload flows to circuit by source-drain electrode, and electric current increased dramatically, and insurance F1 is disconnected, and realizes overcurrent protection.
When the present invention is specifically used, the temperature sensor P1 of TPS35 turns the water temperature in air-source water heater attemperater
The information of voltage UI1 of -0.5V-1.5V is changed to, the same mutually defeated of operational amplifier A R1 is sent to after being divided by resistance R8, resistance R9
Enter end, the bleeder circuit of resistance R5, potentiometer RP1 composition is sent to operational amplifier A R1 as the corresponding voltage UI2 of set water temperature
Inverting input, under the action of feedback resistance R7, resistance R6, carry out subtraction, output temperature differential information through diode clamp
Position is sent to the trigger signal for making level-one triode in voltage regulating and controlling circuit step by step, when being just switched on power supply, at this time after 0 ~+5V
Water in attemperater is room temperature temperature, and the temperature difference is big at this time, and the voltage after clamper is high voltage, this voltage triggered triode Q1 ~
Q4 is connected step by step, CE junction voltage, resistance R1 ~ R4 of the+50V voltages by triode Q1 ~ Q4, is added to the first of step-up transformer T1
Grade coil 1,2,3,4 ends, at this point, the number of primary turns of step-up transformer T1 for 1 end to the number of turn between 5 ends, according to transformation
Than formula N1/N2=U1/U2, the voltage of step-up transformer T1 secondary coils is maximum rated voltage;With the water in attemperater
The raising of temperature, when reaching set temperature, temperature signal collection circuit output low-voltage, this voltage triggered triode Q1 is led
Logical, triode Q2, Q3, Q4 are turned off, and the number of primary turns of step-up transformer T1 is 4 ends to the number of turn between 5 ends, transformation of boosting
The voltage of device T1 secondary coils is minimum rated voltage;It need to can be carried out into cold water or water tank internal-external temperature difference with the use of user
Heat dissipation, the water temperature in attemperater can change, temperature signal collection circuit output voltage, triode Q1, Q2 conducting or
Triode Q1, Q2, Q3 are connected, and the number of primary turns of step-up transformer T1 is 3 ends to the number of turn between 5 ends or 2 ends between 5 ends
The number of turn, the voltage of step-up transformer T1 secondary coils regulates and controls between minimum rated voltage and maximum rated voltage, and then adjusts
The power of compressor is saved, the water temperature in attemperater is made to be in temperature constant state, load short circuits or output loop impedance is small leads to electricity
When flowing through big, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 conductings, electric current flows to circuit across load by source-drain electrode, and electric current increased dramatically, and insurance F1 is disconnected,
Realize overcurrent protection.
The above is to combine specific embodiment further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to assert the present invention
Specific implementation is limited only to this;For belonging to the present invention and for those skilled in the technology concerned, based on skill of the present invention
Under the premise of art scheme thinking, the expansion made and operating method, the replacement of data, should all fall the scope of the present invention it
It is interior.