CN1073638C - Nanometre aluminium-lead composite material - Google Patents
Nanometre aluminium-lead composite material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1073638C CN1073638C CN97101244A CN97101244A CN1073638C CN 1073638 C CN1073638 C CN 1073638C CN 97101244 A CN97101244 A CN 97101244A CN 97101244 A CN97101244 A CN 97101244A CN 1073638 C CN1073638 C CN 1073638C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aluminium
- composite material
- nanometre
- powder
- lead composite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- DBRHOLYIDDOQSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;lead Chemical compound [AlH3].[Pb] DBRHOLYIDDOQSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003831 antifriction material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001239 high-resolution electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Landscapes
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a nanometer aluminium-lead composite material. The Pb content accounts for 2 to 40 wt%. The present invention is characterized in that the average grain size of Al and the average grain size of Pb are less than 100 NM, and Al and Pb are uniformly compounded in a dispersed way; Al and Pb are not dissolved with each other. Single Pb particles are uniformly inlaid on Al base substances and do not have strict crystallographic relationship with the base substances. The present invention has the advantages of favorable mechanical properties and easy realization of the technology.
Description
The present invention relates to aluminium-lead composite material, a kind of nanometre aluminium-lead composite material and technology of preparing thereof are provided especially.
It is little that aluminium base antifriction material has proportion, the erosion resistance height, advantages such as thermal conductivity and antifriction quality are good, the ideal substitute that is considered to some traditional antifriction material (as the sintering tinbronze) has been subjected to paying attention to widely and having obtained application (as agricultural machinery and office machinery bearing) since six the seventies.But, to compare with other class antifriction materials, a distinct disadvantage of aluminium base antifriction material is that its intensity and hardness value are not too high, therefore should not work under heavy loading, this is restricted its range of application.At present, the method for preparing Al base antifriction material can be divided into founding and powder metallurgy two big classes.Because aluminium base antifriction material is made up of low friction compounds such as aluminium (or aluminium alloy) matrix of certain intensity and lead, difference of specific gravity mixes very greatly and hardly between the two, therefore will obtain aluminium-lead that even dispersion distributes and organize, and the founding class methods have certain difficulty.And the advantage of utilizing powder metallurgy technology is to adjust the composition of matrix and low friction compound in a big way, and performance also is lower than the casting antifriction material, so mainly utilize powder metallurgy technology to prepare aluminium-lead material at present.Utilized in the past grain-size micron order (shortcoming that＞1000nm) powder directly mixes the aluminium-lead material of acquisition be organize not enough evenly and intensity and hardness not high enough.Though crystal grain thinning is a kind of effective way that improves the strength of materials, did not still have any technology of preparing in the past and obtained superfine (＜500nm) Al-Pb powder or the block matrix material of a large amount of crystal grain.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel nanometre aluminium-lead composite material, its mechanical property excellence, and technology is easy to realize.
The invention provides a kind of nanometre aluminium-lead composite material, the content of Pb accounts for 2～40wt%, surplus is aluminium and unavoidable impurities, it is characterized in that: the average grain size of Al and Pb is all less than 100nm, Al and Pb reach the compound of ten minutes even dispersion, do not dissolve each other therebetween, single Pb uniform particles is embedded on the Al matrix, and does not have strict crystallography relation between matrix.Can contain impurity such as Fe, C, Cr, O in the material, its content is less than 1wt%.Aluminium-lead composite material provided by the present invention has following advantage: 1. hardness height, reducing and increase with grain-size, hardness value is more than HB1000MPa, reach as high as HB1700MPa, be that (2～4 times of HB300～500MPa) are more than 5 times of founding class Al-Pb matrix material (hardness HB200MPa is following) for the aluminium-lead composite material of the micron order grain-size of powder metallurgy preparation.2. intensity height, ultimate compression strength is between 200～500MPa.3. the oil-containing frictional coefficient is less than 0.005.4. the density height can reach more than 95% of theoretical density value.(theoretical density of Al-2wt%Pb is 2.74g/cm
3, the theoretical density of Al-40wt%Pb is 3.88g/cm
3).
The present invention also provides the technology of preparing of above-mentioned nanometre aluminium-lead composite material; at first dispose alloy with Al and Pb powder by required composition; sinter bulk material into by common powder metallurgical technique at last; it is characterized in that: after batching; earlier mixture is carried out mechanical mill under the natural instincts atmosphere protection; with acquisition nanometre aluminium-lead composite material powder, and then through powder sintered moulding.Concrete technology is as follows:
1. select for use industrial pure Al and Pb powder (purity 〉=99.9%, granularity＜100) to be made into the powdered mixture of required composition as raw material.
2. mixture is carried out mechanical mill and obtain the nanometre aluminium-lead composite material powder.Feed the pure argon protection in the process of lapping, lapping mode, ratio of grinding media to material, grinding technics parameters such as grinding rate and time depend on the final grain-size that will obtain product.As adopt the vibro-grinding mode, and ratio of grinding media to material is between 1: 10～1: 50, and grinding rate is 100～400 times/minute, and milling time is 1～10 hour, and the average grain size that obtains powder is: Al is below 100nm, and Pb is below 70nm.
3. powder sintered moulding; utilize powder metallurgical technique (as hot moulding; hot extrusion etc.); under vacuum or pure argon protective condition with powder sintered one-tenth bulk; 300～340 ℃ of sintering temperatures; stress application 0.5～3 hour time, can reach the density more than 95% between 100MPa～2000MPa.
Use production technology of the present invention can make Al and Pb reach the compound of ten minutes even dispersion, wherein single Pb uniform particles is embedded on the Al matrix, and does not have strict crystallography relation between matrix.The aluminium-lead composite material of conventional fusion casting or conventional aluminium-lead powder end mixed sintering preparation can only reach mechanically mixing on micron dimension, Pb is distributed in the Al matrix with may becoming cluster.
By embodiment in detail the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing 1 Al
90Pb
10The average grain size of Al and Pb is with the ball milling time-varying relationship in the mixture;
Accompanying drawing 2 Al
90Pb
10The grain size distribution of ball milling Pb after 6 hours.
Accompanying drawing 3 nanometer Al
90Pb
10The high-resolution electron microscopy picture of material;
The Electronic Speculum pattern picture of accompanying drawing 4 common aluminium-lead composite materials;
(ball milling 5 hours) Pb grain fineness number contains heavy variation relation with Pb in the aluminium-lead material of accompanying drawing 5 heterogeneities;
The variation relation of the guiding principle partner aluminium of accompanying drawing 6 different Pb content-lead material hardness value Pb content;
The nanometer Al of accompanying drawing 7 various grain sizes
90Pb
10The matrix material compression curve.
Choose industrial pure Al and Pb powder (purity 〉=99.9%, granularity＜100), press Al
90Pb
10(weight percent) is made into the mechanical mill mixture, carries out ball milling on oscillating mill, and ball milling condition is: ratio of grinding media to material 1: 20, vibration number 300/min, the time is respectively 1,2,3,4,6,8,10 hours, all can obtain the aluminium of nanostructure-plumbous compound tree material powder, wherein in each sample the average grain size of Al and Pb as shown in Figure 1, Al
90Pb
10Ball milling after 6 hours grain size distribution as shown in Figure 2, Fig. 3 is its high resolving power pattern phase, visible Pb is embedded in the Al matrix for waiting axle shape, and non-coherence orientation between matrix.The aluminium-lead composite material that Fig. 4 makes for powder metallurgy (brilliant material is at micron order) constitutional features, visible nanometre aluminium-lead material has essential different structure with it.
The AlPb of heterogeneity (Pb content is from 2%～40% weight ratio) mixture ball milling is after 5 hours (ball milling speed, ratio of grinding media to material and example 1 are together), and the average grain size of Pb as shown in Figure 5.
The hardness value of the product that the hardness of the nanometre aluminium-lead composite material of different Pb content, Pb content obtain from the nanometer Al-Pb material (see figure 6) of 2%～30% (weight ratio) between HB1200MPa～1700MPa, Al wherein
90Pb
10(wt%) hardness value maximum, aluminium-lead material (grain fineness number is in micron dimension) hardness of the same sample ingredient that fusion casting and powder metallurgy are made only is between HB200～500MPa, thereby the hardness of nanometer Al-Pb material is 2～5 times of conventional aluminium-lead material.
Claims (5)
1. nanometre aluminium-lead composite material, the content of Pb accounts for 2～40wt%, surplus is aluminium and unavoidable impurities, it is characterized in that: the average grain size of Al and Pb is all less than 100nm, Al and Pb reach the compound of ten minutes even dispersion, do not dissolve each other therebetween, single Pb uniform particles is embedded on the Al matrix, and does not have strict crystallography relation between matrix.
2. by the described nanometre aluminium-lead composite material of claim 1, it is characterized in that: can contain impurity such as Fe, C, Cr, O in the material, its content is less than 1wt%.
3. the technology of preparing of the described nanometre aluminium-lead composite material of claim 1; at first dispose alloy with Al and Pb powder by required composition; sinter bulk material into by common powder metallurgical technique at last; it is characterized in that: after batching; earlier mixture is carried out mechanical mill under inert atmosphere protection; with acquisition nanometre aluminium-lead composite material powder, and then through powder sintered moulding.
4. press the technology of preparing of the described nanometre aluminium-lead composite material of claim 3, it is characterized in that: as adopting the vibro-grinding mode, ratio of grinding media to material is between 1: 10～1: 50, grinding rate 100～400 times/minute, milling time 1～10 hour, the average grain size Al of gained powder is below 100nm, and Pb is below 70nm.
5. by the technology of preparing of the described nanometre aluminium-lead composite material of claim 3, it is characterized in that: powder sinteredly carry out under vacuum or inert atmosphere protection, 300～340 ℃ of sintering temperatures are exerted pressure between 100MPa～2000MPa, 0.5～3 hour time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97101244A CN1073638C (en) | 1997-02-25 | 1997-02-25 | Nanometre aluminium-lead composite material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97101244A CN1073638C (en) | 1997-02-25 | 1997-02-25 | Nanometre aluminium-lead composite material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1163316A CN1163316A (en) | 1997-10-29 |
| CN1073638C true CN1073638C (en) | 2001-10-24 |
Family
ID=5165605
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97101244A Expired - Fee Related CN1073638C (en) | 1997-02-25 | 1997-02-25 | Nanometre aluminium-lead composite material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1073638C (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2007843A1 (en) * | 1968-05-04 | 1970-01-16 | Schmidt Gmbh Karl | |
| FR2469464A1 (en) * | 1979-11-14 | 1981-05-22 | Pechiney Aluminium | High lead content aluminium-lead alloy antifriction product - produced by back extruding billet of cold pressed aluminium and lead powders |
-
1997
- 1997-02-25 CN CN97101244A patent/CN1073638C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2007843A1 (en) * | 1968-05-04 | 1970-01-16 | Schmidt Gmbh Karl | |
| FR2469464A1 (en) * | 1979-11-14 | 1981-05-22 | Pechiney Aluminium | High lead content aluminium-lead alloy antifriction product - produced by back extruding billet of cold pressed aluminium and lead powders |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1163316A (en) | 1997-10-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106636837A (en) | Preparation method of ultra-coarse grain WC-Co hard alloy | |
| CN101628338B (en) | Superfine iron-copper alloy powder and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102367526B (en) | Method for preparing evenly dispersed metal matrix composite friction material through mechanical alloying | |
| CN1837392A (en) | Composite material of magnesium alloy and method for preparing the same | |
| CN104985188A (en) | Method for preparing atomized iron powder containing nano ceramic phase | |
| CN101935777A (en) | Titanium-based ultrafine grain or fine grain composite material with high compression ratio strength and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102134661B (en) | Method for manufacturing multi-scale structure aluminum/stannum-based bearing alloy | |
| CN1019062B (en) | Method and apparatus for making flakes of re-fe-b-type magnetically-aligned material | |
| CN100462463C (en) | Material for eliminating impurity inside metallurgical furnace | |
| CN102703769B (en) | Method for producing nano Al-Sn-Si bearing alloy | |
| CN1073638C (en) | Nanometre aluminium-lead composite material | |
| CN1057346C (en) | Fe-Cr-Al alloy and its making method | |
| CN106498211A (en) | The preparation method of the steady nanometer phase composite construction Al Sn alloys of nano alumina particles In-sltu reinforcement hyperpyrexia | |
| CN102586656B (en) | Preparation method for aluminum tin magnesium base alloy | |
| US5346529A (en) | Powdered metal mixture composition | |
| CN111940752B (en) | Preparation method of superfine Fe-Cu alloy powder | |
| US5026419A (en) | Magnetically anisotropic hotworked magnet and method of producing same | |
| CN1283400C (en) | Process for preparing composite metal powder containing aluminium nitride | |
| EP0011981A1 (en) | Method of manufacturing powder compacts | |
| CN1401802A (en) | Method for mfg. nanograin crystal reinforced copper based material | |
| DE3738738C1 (en) | Powder-metallurgical process for producing targets | |
| EP0825969B1 (en) | Method of producing shaped superconductor bodies | |
| JPH02272703A (en) | Warm-worked magnet and manufacture thereof | |
| JPH055138A (en) | Titanium alloy composite material | |
| JP2949827B2 (en) | Wurtzite-type boron carbonitride powder and method for producing the same |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |