The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art, and provides a purification and separation system and a process for hydro-gasification synthesis gas, which can realize effective purification of hydro-gasification synthesis gas, reasonable and graded utilization of energy, and graded recovery of products, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing energy consumption and equipment investment.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a purification and separation system for hydro-gasification synthesis gas is characterized in that: the system mainly comprises a synthesis gas system, a hydrogen system and a boiler water system, wherein the synthesis gas system comprises a gasification furnace, a gas outlet of the gasification furnace is connected to a cyclone separator through a pipeline, the gas outlet separated by the cyclone separator is connected to a synthesis gas waste boiler through a pipeline, then the synthesis gas passes through a synthesis gas filter, the synthesis gas is purified by the synthesis gas filter and then is conveyed to a secondary hydrogen heater and a boiler feed water preheater, and then passes through a primary separation tank, and the synthesis gas passing through the primary separation tank enters the secondary separation tank again through the primary hydrogen heater and a circulating water cooler;
the hydrogen system comprises a hydrogen pipeline which is introduced into the primary hydrogen heater, the hydrogen pipeline is communicated with a hydrogen pipeline of the secondary hydrogen heater, the hydrogen pipeline is sequentially heated and then introduced into the hydrogen heating furnace, and the heated hydrogen is introduced into the gasification furnace;
the boiler water system comprises a boiler water supply pipeline communicated to a boiler water supply preheater, and the heated boiler water enters a synthesis gas waste boiler again to be heated and is discharged in a steam mode.
The second-stage hydrogen heater, the boiler feed water preheater, the first-stage hydrogen heater and the circulating water cooler preferably adopt vertical heat exchangers, and the synthesis gas passes through a tube pass.
The second-stage separation tank is preferably a horizontal tank, and three-phase separation of synthesis gas, crude naphthalene oil and wastewater is realized.
A purification and separation process of hydro-gasification synthesis gas is characterized in that: the specific purification and separation steps are as follows:
(1) syngas system
The synthetic gas at the outlet of the gasification furnace is separated by a cyclone separator, the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator is more than or equal to 95 percent, large-particle semicoke entrained in the synthetic gas is removed, the synthetic gas passes through a waste synthetic gas pot, the temperature is reduced to 250 ~ 400 ℃ and the synthetic gas passes through a synthetic gas filter, a small amount of small-particle semicoke entrained in the synthetic gas is further removed, and the solid content at the outlet of the synthetic gas filter is 10 ~ 100mg/Nm3The purified synthesis gas passes through a secondary hydrogen heater and a boiler feed water preheater in sequence, the temperature is reduced to 150 ~ 250 ℃, the synthesis gas passes through a primary separation tank at the moment, crude pyrene oil is discharged from the bottom of the separation tank, the synthesis gas at the top passes through the primary hydrogen heater and a circulating water cooler, the synthesis gas passes through the secondary separation tank, the gas discharged from the top of the secondary separation tank is clean synthesis gas, and crude benzene oil and wastewater can be discharged from the bottom of the separation tank respectively;
(2) hydrogen system
Hydrogen from a battery compartment passes through a primary hydrogen heater and a secondary hydrogen heater respectively, the temperature of the hydrogen at the outlet of the secondary hydrogen heater is 250 ~ 350 ℃, the hydrogen passes through a hydrogen heating furnace, the temperature is raised to 600 ~ 700 ℃, and the hydrogen is sent into a gasification furnace for gasification reaction;
(3) boiler water system
After passing through a boiler feed water preheater, the temperature of boiler water from a battery limits is raised to 150 ~ 250 ℃, and the boiler water is sent into a waste synthesis gas boiler to generate steam, wherein the pressure of the generated steam of the waste synthesis gas boiler is less than or equal to 8.0 MpaG.
In the technical scheme, the process that the gasifier outlet firstly passes through the cyclone separator and then passes through the waste pot is adopted, so that the influence of the heat of the semicoke carried in the gas on the heat exchange area of the waste pot is reduced, the heat exchange area of the waste pot is reduced by 3-5%, meanwhile, the abrasion effect of the semicoke carried in the gas on the heat exchange tube in the waste pot is reduced, and the service life of the waste pot is prolonged by 3-5 years.
The waste synthesis gas boiler can produce superheated steam with a byproduct of not less than 7.0MpaG for the whole plantThe temperature of the synthetic gas at the waste boiler outlet of the synthetic gas is not lower than 250 ℃, the blockage of downstream devices caused by oil phase condensation in the synthetic gas is avoided, the fine particle semicoke in the synthetic gas is preferentially adopted by an online back-flushing precision filter, the filtering area is reduced, the dust content at the outlet of the filter is reduced, and the solid content in the gas at the outlet of the precision filter is 30 ~ 100mg/Nm3The synthetic gas filter element is preferably made of sintered metal, and compared with a traditional ceramic filter element, the service life of the synthetic gas filter element can be prolonged by 1 ~ 2 years.
After passing through the primary hydrogen heater and the secondary hydrogen heater, the hydrogen is sent to the hydrogen heating furnace for heating, so that the load of the hydrogen heating furnace is saved by 40 percent ~ 60 percent.
Boiler feed water enters a process gas waste boiler after passing through a boiler feed water preheater, and 5% ~ 10% of steam can be produced in each hour.
And crude pyrene oil and crude benzene oil are respectively extracted from the first-stage separation tank and the second-stage separation tank, wherein the purity of the crude pyrene oil is more than or equal to 80wt%, and the purity of the crude benzene oil is more than or equal to 70wt%, so that the oil is recycled in a grading manner, and the energy consumption of the subsequent oil separation can be reduced by 60% ~ 70%, and the process gas adopts an indirect cooling manner, so that the waste water discharge can be reduced by 60% compared with the traditional water washing manner, and the energy consumption can be reduced by about 20% compared with the traditional oil washing manner.
The cyclone separator preferably performs primary separation, the separation efficiency is more than or equal to 95%, most of the semicoke particles are separated, and the influence of the semicoke particles carried in the synthesis gas on the downstream is avoided. The waste synthesis gas boiler can produce saturated steam or superheated steam as a byproduct, and preferably superheated steam. The second-stage hydrogen heater, the boiler feed water preheater, the first-stage hydrogen heater and the circulating water cooler preferentially adopt vertical heat exchangers, the synthesis gas passes through the tube pass, and the working condition that the pipelines of the heat exchangers are blocked after crude oil in the synthesis gas is cooled and solidified is avoided. The second-stage separation tank is preferably a horizontal tank, and three-phase separation of synthesis gas, crude benzene oil and wastewater is realized.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention can realize effective purification of the hydro-gasification synthesis gas, reasonable and graded utilization of energy and graded recovery of products, and achieves the purposes of reducing energy consumption, reducing part of equipment investment and prolonging the service life of part of equipment.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
see the drawings.
A purification and separation system of hydrogasification synthesis gas mainly comprises a synthesis gas system, a hydrogen system and a boiler water system, wherein the synthesis gas system comprises a gasification furnace 1, a gas outlet of the gasification furnace 1 is connected to a cyclone separator 2 through a pipeline, a gas outlet separated by the cyclone separator 2 is connected to a synthesis gas waste boiler 3 through a pipeline, then the synthesis gas passes through a synthesis gas filter 4, the synthesis gas is purified by the synthesis gas filter 4 and then is conveyed to a secondary hydrogen heater 5 and a boiler feed water preheater 6, and then passes through a primary separation tank 7, and the synthesis gas passing through the primary separation tank 7 enters a secondary separation tank 10 again through a primary hydrogen heater 8 and a circulating water cooler 8;
the hydrogen system comprises a hydrogen pipeline which is introduced into the primary hydrogen heater, the hydrogen pipeline is communicated with a hydrogen pipeline of the secondary hydrogen heater 5, the hydrogen pipeline is sequentially heated and then introduced into the hydrogen heating furnace, and the heated hydrogen is introduced into the gasification furnace 1;
the boiler water system comprises a boiler water supply pipeline communicated to a boiler water supply preheater 6, and the heated boiler water enters the synthesis gas waste boiler 3 again for heating and is discharged in a steam mode.
The secondary hydrogen heater 5, the boiler feed water preheater 6, the primary hydrogen heater 8 and the circulating water cooler 9 preferably adopt vertical heat exchangers, and synthesis gas passes through the tube pass.
The second-stage separation tank 10 is preferably a horizontal tank, and three-phase separation of synthesis gas, crude naphthalene oil and wastewater is realized.
The process comprises the following steps:
(1) syngas system
The temperature of the synthesis gas at the outlet of the gasification furnace 1 is 700 ~ 900 ℃, the pressure is 6.0 ~ 8.0.0 MpaG, and the synthesis gas passes through cyclone
The separator 2 separatesRemoving large-particle semicoke entrained in the synthesis gas, wherein the separation efficiency is more than or equal to 95%, passing the synthesis gas through a waste synthesis gas pot 3, producing a byproduct of superheated steam of more than or equal to 7.0MpaG, reducing the temperature of the synthesis gas to 250 ~ 400 ℃ to 400 ℃, passing the synthesis gas through a synthesis gas filter 4, further removing a small amount of small-particle semicoke entrained in the synthesis gas, and leading the solid content in the synthesis gas at an outlet to be 10 ~ 100mg/Nm3The purified synthesis gas passes through the secondary hydrogen heater 5 and the boiler feed water preheater 6 in sequence, the temperature is reduced to 150 ~ 250 ℃, the synthesis gas passes through the primary separation tank 7, the crude pyrene oil is discharged from the bottom of the separation tank, the synthesis gas at the top passes through the primary hydrogen heater 8 and the circulating water cooler 9, the temperature is reduced to 40 ~ 60 ℃, the cooled synthesis gas passes through the secondary separation tank 10, the gas discharged from the top of the secondary separation tank is clean synthesis gas, and the crude benzene oil and the wastewater can be discharged from the bottom of the separation tank respectively.
(2) Hydrogen system
The hydrogen from the battery limits is at 40 ~ 80 deg.C and 7.5 ~ 8.5.5 8.5PaG, and is heated by primary hydrogen
After the reactor 8, the temperature is raised to 120 ~ 180 ℃, after passing through a secondary hydrogen heater 5, the temperature is raised to 250 ~ 350 ℃, after passing through a hydrogen heating furnace, the temperature is raised to 600 ~ 700 ℃, and the mixture is sent into a gasification furnace for gasification reaction.
(3) Boiler water system
The temperature of the boiler water from the battery limits is 104 ~ 130 ℃ and 130 ℃, after passing through the boiler feed water preheater 6, the temperature is raised to 150 ~ 250 ℃, and the boiler water is sent to a waste synthesis gas boiler to produce steam.