CN107350618B - Friction welding method of high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy drill rod material - Google Patents

Friction welding method of high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy drill rod material Download PDF

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CN107350618B
CN107350618B CN201710495014.9A CN201710495014A CN107350618B CN 107350618 B CN107350618 B CN 107350618B CN 201710495014 A CN201710495014 A CN 201710495014A CN 107350618 B CN107350618 B CN 107350618B
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friction welding
titanium alloy
strength
drill rod
welding method
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CN107350618A (en
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张冰
周国帅
魏刚
刘江成
侯强
郑飞
王正
田琨
姚家华
孙宇
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Tianjin Steel Tube Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
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Tianjin Steel Tube Manufacturing Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/129Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/50Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for welded joints
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C14/00Alloys based on titanium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/16Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/18High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/183High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/14Titanium or alloys thereof

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a friction welding method of a high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy drill rod, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: al: 5-7, Nb: 2.0-3.0, Zr: 0.5 to 2.0, Mo: 0.7-1.2, Fe: 0.02-0.05, Si: 0.01-0.03, Ti: the balance, the friction welding method of the titanium alloy drill rod by using the composition comprises the following steps: step one, rotating a joint; step two, applying pressure; step three, friction welding; and fourthly, carrying out induction heat treatment on the welding seam. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the titanium alloy drill rod material has comprehensive properties after friction welding which can meet the following requirements: the tensile strength is more than 900MPa, and the yield strength is more than 800 MPa; the longitudinal impact energy of the welding seam at 21 ℃ of 10mm multiplied by 10mm can reach more than 36J; the weld hardness is less than 32 HRC; can be at H2S partial pressure: 5MPa, CO2Partial pressure: 11Mpa, NaCl concentration: 100000ppm cl, elemental sulfur: the high-strength high-corrosion-resistance drill pipe is used in a severe corrosion environment of 3g/L, shows the capability of resisting hydrogen sulfide stress corrosion far higher than that of a common API drill pipe, is an optimal material for replacing carbon steel in oil and gas exploitation application, and meets the oil field requirements of the corrosion environment.

Description

Friction welding method of high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy drill rod material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drill rod materials for drilling, in particular to a friction welding method of a high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy drill rod material.
Background
In oil well pipe products, the safety of oil field service is very important because a drill rod is required to directly bear complex bending, twisting, pressing and pulling combined loads in the drilling operation process. According to the use experience of the oil field, the failure of the drill rod is mainly reflected in two parts of a welding seam and an inner thickening transition zone. Friction welding is considered to be the most reliable method of connecting the body of an oil drill pipe to a drill pipe joint. The research and development of the welding process suitable for the titanium alloy drill rod product are very important. The problem of low toughness of a welded joint exists, and the most common solution at present is to perform postweld heat treatment to eliminate welding residual stress and improve the toughness index of the joint. At present, no welding and postweld heat treatment process for a mature titanium alloy drill rod product exists in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a friction welding method for a high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy drill rod material for connecting a petroleum drill rod pipe body and a drill rod joint to realize the connection of the drill rod pipe body.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a friction welding method of a high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy drill rod comprises the following components in percentage by weight: al: 5-7, Nb: 2.0-3.0, Zr: 0.5 to 2.0, Mo: 0.7-1.2, Fe: 0.02-0.05, Si: 0.01-0.03, Ti: the balance, the friction welding method of the titanium alloy drill rod by using the composition comprises the following steps: step one, rotating a joint; step two, applying pressure; step three, friction welding; and fourthly, carrying out induction heat treatment on the welding seam.
The joint rotates: the automatic welding machine rotates after clamping the joint, and the rotating speed is 280-320 r/min; the pressure application is as follows: the welding upsetting force is 400-600N; and friction welding: controlling the shortening amount to be 0.7-0.9 in; the weld induction heat treatment: normalizing at 950-970 ℃ for 20 min.
The friction welding is the welding of drilling rod body and drilling rod joint, and the drilling rod body is fixed during friction welding, and the joint removes.
The friction welding of the drill pipe body and the drill pipe joint is the friction welding of the drill pipe joint and the upset drill pipe body.
And performing surface machining after friction welding.
And the surface processing is to turn off flash generated by welding by using a turning tool.
And (4) processing the outer diameter of the welding line to the size of the outer diameter of the pipe body, and cleaning the inner surface flash.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the titanium alloy drill rod material after friction welding has comprehensive properties which can meet the following requirements: the tensile strength is more than 900MPa, and the yield strength is more than 800 MPa; the longitudinal impact energy of the welding seam at 21 ℃ of 10mm multiplied by 10mm can reach more than 36J; the weld hardness is less than 32 HRC; can be at H2S partial pressure: 5MPa, CO2Partial pressure: 11Mpa, NaCl concentration: 100000ppm cl, elemental sulfur: the high-strength high-corrosion-resistance drill pipe is used in a severe corrosion environment of 3g/L, shows much higher hydrogen sulfide stress corrosion resistance than a common API drill pipe, can be used as an optimal material for replacing carbon steel in oil and gas exploitation, and meets the oil field requirements of the corrosion environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a metallographic structure of a titanium alloy drill rod according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a metallographic structure of the titanium alloy drill rod in a friction welding heat treatment state.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and detailed description, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the present invention.
A friction welding method of a high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy drill rod comprises the following components in percentage by weight: al: 5-7, Nb: 2.0-3.0, Zr: 0.5 to 2.0, Mo: 0.7-1.2, Fe: 0.02-0.05, Si: 0.01-0.03, Ti: and (4) the balance. The method comprises the following steps:
(1) the joint rotates: the automatic welding machine rotates after clamping the joint, and the rotating speed is 280-320 r/min;
(2) applying pressure: the welding upsetting force is 400-600N;
(3) friction welding: controlling the shortening amount to be 0.7-0.9 in;
(4) and (3) heat treatment: normalizing at 950-970 ℃ for 20 min.
The following are the functions and specific descriptions of the chemical components of the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy drill rod of the invention:
Al:5~7%
al is the most important alloying element in α phase stable elements, Al is an element which plays an important role in improving the strength of the titanium alloy besides expanding a α phase region to a higher temperature, Al content is improved, nearly α titanium alloy with a structure mainly comprising an equiaxial α phase with good toughness and a basket-shaped α -rich β phase can be obtained, the toughness of the material is improved, and the aluminum content is preferably 5-7%.
Nb:2.0~3.0%
β phase stabilizing element.
Zr:0.5-2%
The solid solution strengthening effect of Zr is beneficial to strengthening of the titanium alloy, and by adding Zr, firm Zr oxide can be formed on the surface of the titanium alloy, oxidation in the alloy is inhibited, and cracks can be prevented from being generated in high-temperature deformation. The effect is large when Zr content is 0.5% or more, and the oxidation inhibiting effect is saturated when Zr content exceeds 2.0%, so that Zr content is preferably 0.5-2%.
Mo:0.7-1.2%
Mo stabilizes the β phase, which is a factor for lowering the β transformation temperature, and greatly improves the oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the alloy.
Fe:0.02-0.05%
The element which improves the strength and stabilizes the β phase can lower the β transformation temperature, stabilize the α + β region and improve the ductility.
Si:0.01-0.03%
Si may play a role in solid solution strengthening.
The friction welding method of the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy drill rod is carried out according to the following steps:
the pipe body is added and held: the tube body is fixed in a three-roller holding mode, so that the tube body is guaranteed not to move in the welding process, the tube body is automatically centered by the support, and the position is adjusted to the working distance.
The joint rotates: and the automatic welding machine clamps the joint firmly, moves the welding machine to enable the joint to be beside the pipe body, and adjusts and centers the pipe body. After adjustment, the joint moves back to a designated position, a machine is started to enable the joint to rotate, and the rotating speed is set to be 280-320 r/min;
applying pressure: the welding machine automatically moves the joint to be close to and rotationally contact the pipe body, and the welding upsetting force is set to be 400-600N;
friction welding: the joint is in high-speed contact with the pipe body, friction is generated, heat is generated, the displacement shortening amount of the welding machine control joint is controlled to be 0.7-0.9 in, the joint stops rotating after the welding machine control joint is in place, and welding is completed.
Surface processing: and (4) turning off the flash generated by welding by using a turning tool after welding, processing the outer diameter of the welding line to the size of the outer diameter of the pipe body, and cleaning the flash on the inner surface.
And (3) heat treatment: and heating the processed welding seam part by using an induction coil, wherein the heating system is normalizing at 950-970 ℃ for 20 min.
The following is illustrated by way of example:
example 1
The joint rotates: the rotating speed is set to be 280 r/min;
applying pressure: the upsetting force is set to 400N;
friction welding: displacement shortening amount is 0.7 in;
and (3) heat treatment: the heating system is 950 ℃ normalizing for 20 min.
The titanium alloy tube obtained in the embodiment can reach the following indexes:
the yield strength is 830 MPa; tensile strength 908 MPa; the elongation is 17%; impact work 49J; hardness 30.1 HRC.
Example 2
The joint rotates: the rotating speed is set to be 320 r/min;
applying pressure: the upsetting force is set to 600N;
friction welding: displacement shortening amount is 0.9 in;
and (3) heat treatment: the heating system is 900 deg.C normalizing for 20 min.
The titanium alloy tube obtained in the embodiment can reach the following indexes:
yield strength 851 MPa; the tensile strength is 915 MPa; the elongation is 19 percent; impact work 42J; hardness 30.7 HRC.
Comparative example 1
The joint rotates: the rotating speed is set to be 580 r/min;
applying pressure: upset force set to 1150N;
friction welding: displacement shortening amount is 3.1 in;
and (3) heat treatment: the heating system is water quenching at 950 ℃ for 20min and tempering at 650 ℃ for 30 min.
The titanium alloy tube obtained in the embodiment can reach the following indexes:
yield strength 991 MPa; tensile strength 1057 MPa; the elongation is 4%; impact work 16J; hardness 36.0 HRC.
Table 1 shows the mechanical properties of the inventive examples compared with those of the comparative examples. Compared with other processes, the friction welding process of the titanium alloy drill rod of the embodiment of the invention has the advantage that the obdurability can be greatly improved. After friction welding and heat treatment, the titanium alloy drill rod material meets the requirement of a 110Ksi drill rod through mechanical property tests.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001332418390000061
Hydrogen sulfide stress corrosion performance
Test experiment temperature of corrosion coupon is 160 ℃, H2S partial pressure 5MPa, CO2The partial pressure is 11MPa, the NaCl concentration is 100000ppm Cl, the elemental sulfur is added in 3g/L, the pH value is 3, and the rotating speed is 3 m/s. After 168 hours of corrosion test, the corrosion rate is calculated to be 0.0039-0.0042 mm/a.
The corrosion tests show that the titanium alloy pipe of the embodiment of the invention has good CO resistance2、H2S stress corrosion performance.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the metallographic structure of the titanium alloy drill rod of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the metallographic structure of the titanium alloy drill rod of the present invention in a friction welding heat treatment state. The titanium alloy drill rod can endure the corrosive environment condition of H2S partial pressure: 5MPa, CO2Partial pressure: 11Mpa, NaCl concentration: 100000ppm cl, elemental sulfur: 3 g/L.

Claims (6)

1. A friction welding method of a high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy drill rod comprises the following components in percentage by weight: al: 5-7, Nb: 2.0-3.0, Zr: 0.5 to 2.0, Mo: 0.7-1.2, Fe: 0.02-0.05, Si: 0.01-0.03, Ti: the allowance is characterized in that: the friction welding method of the titanium alloy drill rod by using the composition comprises the following steps: step one, rotating a joint; step two, applying pressure; step three, friction welding; step four, performing induction heat treatment on the welding seam; the joint rotates: the automatic welding machine rotates after clamping the joint, and the rotating speed is 280-320 r/min; the pressure application is as follows: the welding upsetting force is 400-600N; and friction welding: controlling the shortening amount to be 0.7-0.9 in; the weld induction heat treatment: normalizing at 950-970 ℃ for 20 min.
2. The friction welding method for the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy drill rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein the friction welding method comprises the following steps: the friction welding is the welding of drilling rod body and drilling rod joint, and the drilling rod body is fixed during friction welding, and the joint removes.
3. The friction welding method for the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy drill rod as claimed in claim 2, wherein the friction welding method comprises the following steps: the friction welding of the drill pipe body and the drill pipe joint is the friction welding of the drill pipe joint and the upset drill pipe body.
4. The friction welding method for the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy drill rod as claimed in claim 3, wherein the friction welding method comprises the following steps: and performing surface machining after friction welding.
5. The friction welding method for the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy drill rod as claimed in claim 4, wherein the friction welding method comprises the following steps: and the surface processing is to turn off flash generated by welding by using a turning tool.
6. The friction welding method for the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy drill rod as claimed in claim 5, wherein the friction welding method comprises the following steps: and (4) processing the outer diameter of the welding line to the size of the outer diameter of the pipe body, and cleaning the inner surface flash.
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CN107420049A (en) * 2017-09-12 2017-12-01 中国石油集团渤海石油装备制造有限公司 A kind of full titanium alloy drilling rod of friction welding type
CN112609064A (en) * 2020-12-08 2021-04-06 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 Friction welding type all-titanium alloy drill rod weld joint heat treatment process

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101801590A (en) * 2007-09-18 2010-08-11 埃克森美孚研究工程公司 Be used for connecting the weld metal compositions of the steel construction of oil and gas industry
CN102267005A (en) * 2011-06-27 2011-12-07 江苏融泰石油科技股份有限公司 Friction welding method for welding type extra-heavy drill rod
CN102876922A (en) * 2012-10-08 2013-01-16 天津钢管集团股份有限公司 High-strength, high-toughness and corrosive environment resistant titanium alloy oil well pipe and manufacturing method thereof
CN106269981A (en) * 2016-09-22 2017-01-04 天津钢管集团股份有限公司 It is applicable to the production method of the titanium alloy seamless pipe of drilling rod material

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US8201648B2 (en) * 2009-01-29 2012-06-19 Baker Hughes Incorporated Earth-boring particle-matrix rotary drill bit and method of making the same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101801590A (en) * 2007-09-18 2010-08-11 埃克森美孚研究工程公司 Be used for connecting the weld metal compositions of the steel construction of oil and gas industry
CN102267005A (en) * 2011-06-27 2011-12-07 江苏融泰石油科技股份有限公司 Friction welding method for welding type extra-heavy drill rod
CN102876922A (en) * 2012-10-08 2013-01-16 天津钢管集团股份有限公司 High-strength, high-toughness and corrosive environment resistant titanium alloy oil well pipe and manufacturing method thereof
CN106269981A (en) * 2016-09-22 2017-01-04 天津钢管集团股份有限公司 It is applicable to the production method of the titanium alloy seamless pipe of drilling rod material

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