CN107346086B - The generation device of continuous variable quantum entanglement between quantum channel and quantum nodes - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/39—Non-linear optics for parametric generation or amplification of light, infrared or ultraviolet waves
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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- G02F1/39—Non-linear optics for parametric generation or amplification of light, infrared or ultraviolet waves
- G02F1/392—Parametric amplification
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of generation devices of continuous variable quantum entanglement between quantum channel and quantum nodes.The present invention be mainly solve existing quantum channel and quantum nodes tangle there is technical issues that it is several forthright.The technical scheme is that the generation device being somebody's turn to do, including light source unit, acousto-optic modulation system, optical parametric amplifier, optical beam-splitter, atomic system and tangle measuring system；The light source unit is equipped with seed photo-signal aS1、aS2Output end, control optical signal aCOutput end and local oscillations optical signal aL1、aL2Output end；The seed photo-signal aS1、aS2It is connect by acousto-optic modulation system, optical parametric amplifier and optical beam-splitter with atomic system first input end；Control optical signal aCIt is connect by acousto-optic modulation system with the second input terminal of atomic system；Atomic system is connect with measuring system first input end is tangled；Optical beam-splitter second output terminal is connect with the second input terminal of measuring system is tangled；Local oscillations optical signal aL1、aL2With tangle measuring system third, the 4th input terminal is connect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of generation devices of continuous variable quantum entanglement between quantum channel and quantum nodes, specifically
A kind of generation device of continuous variable quantum entanglement between light and atomic system, and by optical resonator enhance light and
Degree of entanglement between atomic system.
Background technique
Quantum entanglement not still one of quantum-mechanical important content, and be the core money of quantum information transmission and processing
Source.Quantum entanglement between light field is experimentally produced, and is applied to a variety of quantum information agreements.Quantum internet
It can be by light and atomic building.Wherein, light is the desired transmission carrier of quantum information.Atom can interact with light,
As node quantum information processing and stored.Quantum entanglement between quantum channel and quantum nodes is to realize quantum internet
Important foundation.In addition, optical resonator can effectively enhance light and atomic interaction, it is implemented for efficient
What quantum stored and prepared light and atomic system tangles source.
In 2005, the Kuzmich professor study group of georgia ,U.S.A Polytechnics utilized spontaneous Raman scattering process system
For the photon of variables separation and tangling for atomic system, delivered in PRL 95,040405 (2005) entitled
The paper of " Entanglement of a Photon and a Collective Atomic Excitation ".In 2006,
University, California Institute of Technology Kimble professor study group using spontaneous Raman scattering process be prepared for variables separation photon and
Atomic system tangles, and it is 21 delicate to extend to the coherence time of atomic system, delivers in PRL 97,113603 (2006)
Entitled " Direct Measurement of Decoherence for Entanglement between a Photon
The paper of and Stored Atomic Excitation ".
The above research work using several light and atomic entanglement for being prepared for variables separation forthrightly of spontaneous Raman scattering process,
Solves light and the technical issues of atomic system tangles preparation, but above method the problem of there is also several forthright preparations.
Summary of the invention
Tangle that there is several present invention aim to address the quantum channel of existing preparative separation variable and quantum nodes
The technical issues of forthright preparation, provide a kind of favorable expandability, compact-sized, quantum entanglement degree it is high can be applied to quantum information
The generation of continuous variable quantum entanglement between the quantum channel and quantum nodes that the continuous variable light and atomic system of network tangle
Device.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: utilize two optical parametric amplifiers and light
It learns beam splitter generation continuous variable and tangles light pulse pair, pass through the write-in for the transparent mechanism of electromagnetically induced that optical resonator enhances
The quantum state of one of light pulse is expeditiously mapped in atomic system, deterministically establishes light and atomic system by journey
Between quantum entanglement；And under the action of reading light, the associate feature of light pulse and another light pulse is discharged by measurement,
Verify the Entanglement of light and atomic system.
The generation device of continuous variable quantum entanglement between quantum channel and quantum nodes, including light source unit, five sets of sound
Light modulation system, two optical parametric amplifiers, 50:50 optical beam-splitter, atomic system and tangle measuring system；The light source
Unit is equipped with two beam seed photo-signal aS1、aS2Output end, control optical signal aCOutput end and two beam local oscillations optical signal aL1、
aL2Output end；The two beams seed photo-signal aS1、aS2Output end is connect with second, third acousto-optic modulation system input respectively,
Second, third acousto-optic modulation system output is connect with two optical parametric amplifier input terminals respectively, and two optical parameters are put
Big device output end connect with the 4th, fifth sound light modulation system input terminal respectively, the 4th, fifth sound light modulation system output end and
Two input terminals of 50:50 optical beam-splitter connect, the first output end of 50:50 optical beam-splitter and atomic system first input end
Connection；Control optical signal aCOutput end is connect with the first acousto-optic modulation system input, the first acousto-optic modulation system output with
The connection of the second input terminal of atomic system；Atomic system output end is connect with measuring system first input end is tangled；50:50 optics point
Beam device second output terminal is connect with the second input terminal of measuring system is tangled；Two beam local oscillations optical signal aL1、aL2Output end difference
With tangle measuring system third, the 4th input terminal is connect.
The light source unit is by tunable laser, single mode 1x4 fiber coupler, single mode 1x2 fiber coupler and a set of
Acousto-optic modulation system composition.Tunable laser output end is connect with single mode 1x4 fiber coupler input terminal, single mode 1x4 optical fiber
The first output end of coupler is connect with single mode 1x2 fiber coupler input terminal, and single mode 1x2 fiber coupler exports two beams and locally shakes
Swing optical signal aL1、aL2, single mode 1x4 fiber coupler second output terminal connect with acousto-optic modulation system input, acousto-optic modulation system
System output control optical signal aC, single mode 1x4 fiber coupler third, the 4th output end export two beam seed photo-signal aS1、aS2.Institute
Tunable laser is stated using low noise, narrow linewidth, tunable ti sapphire laser.
The atomic system is made of atomic components and optical resonator.The optical resonator is by the flat hysteroscope of three pieces, two
Set focal length is respectively the lens group composition of 550mm, -500mm；Optical resonator uses three mirror ring cavity structures, and chamber is a length of
705mm；For the first flat hysteroscope as input and output coupling mirror, the transmitance to probe light is 15%；Second, third flat hysteroscope
It is high to probe light anti-；Second flat hysteroscope is fixed on piezoelectric ceramics.
Described two optical parametric amplifier work generate orthogonal amplitude squeezed light in the anti-magnifying state of parameter；Described 50:
The two-arm intervention phase difference of 50 optical beam-splitters is controlled at 90 degree.
Present invention employs above-mentioned technical proposals, and the continuous variable EPR quantum for tangling preparation and the chamber enhancing of light is stored
It combines, deterministically prepares the quantum entanglement of continuous variable light and atomic system.Optical parametric amplifier is non-classical optical state
One of effective preparation means.The quantum that the transparent mechanism of electromagnetically induced is suitable for non-classical optical state stores.Above-mentioned technology is mutually tied
It closes, the quantum entanglement of continuous variable light and atomic system can be prepared.Meanwhile light and atom system can be enhanced by optical resonator
The interaction of system improves the degree of entanglement of light and atomic system.Therefore, compared with the background art, the present invention has certainty system
The advantages of standby and measurement, while the quantum entanglement degree of light and atomic system is enhanced by optical resonator.What the present invention designed
The generation device that light and atomic system tangle have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, the write-in effect of the electromagnetically induced clearing process for the optical resonator enhancing that the present invention is utilized, it is continuous by one
The quantum state that variable EPR tangles light pulse is expeditiously mapped in an atomic system, deterministically establishes light and atom system
The quantum entanglement of system.
2, the optical resonator that the present invention is utilized can enhance the phase of light and atomic system in electromagnetically induced clearing process
Interaction improves continuous variable quantum storage efficiency, gets higher the degree of entanglement of light and atomic system.
3, the reading effect of the electromagnetically induced clearing process for the optical resonator enhancing that the present invention is utilized, by atomic system
Quantum state be mapped to release light pulse in, by measurement release light and another tangle the correlated noise of light pulse, can be true
The quantum entanglement of qualitative verifying light and atomic system.
4, the scalability that has had of the present invention, can use it is multiple tangle light pulse and stored with multiple highly effective quantums mutually tie
It closes, establishes the Quantum Correlation between multiple quantum channels and multiple quantum nodes, for following quantum information network.Pass through frequency
Rate transformation, the quantum state frequency of one of quantum channel can be matched with optical fiber transmission window, be used for quantum communications；By with
Matter interaction, one of quantum channel can carry out quantum information processing；By quantum entanglement transfer, one of amount
Subchannel can be connected with other quantum networks, realize quantum internet.
The quantum entanglement of continuous variable quantum channel and quantum nodes, is suitably applied comprising atom caused by the present invention
Quantum information network, especially establish the transmission tangled with quantum state between quantum information network node.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 the structural representation of present invention；
The structural schematic diagram of Fig. 2 light source unit of the present invention；
The energy level schematic diagram of Fig. 3 atomic system of the present invention；
The control sequential figure of Fig. 4 optical signal of the present invention；
The structural schematic diagram of Fig. 5 atomic system of the present invention；
The structural schematic diagram of Fig. 6 measuring system of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, between one of the present embodiment quantum channel and quantum nodes continuous variable quantum entanglement production
Generating apparatus, including 1, five set of acousto-optic modulation system 21-25 of light source unit, two optical parametric amplifier 31-32,50:50 optics
Beam splitter 4, atomic system 5 and tangle measuring system 6；The light source unit 1 is equipped with two beam seed photo-signal aS1、aS2Output end,
Control optical signal aCOutput end and two beam local oscillations optical signal aL1、aL2Output end；The two beams seed photo-signal aS1、aS2It is defeated
Outlet is connect with second, third acousto-optic modulation system 22,23 input terminals respectively, the output of second, third acousto-optic modulation system 22,23
End connect respectively with two optical parametric amplifiers 31,32 input terminals, two optical parametric amplifiers 31,32 output ends respectively with
4th, fifth sound light modulation system 24, the connection of 25 input terminals, the 4th, fifth sound light modulation system 24,25 output ends and 50:50
Two input terminals of optical beam-splitter 4 connect, and 4 first output end of 50:50 optical beam-splitter and 5 first input end of atomic system connect
It connects；Control optical signal aCOutput end is connect with 21 input terminal of the first acousto-optic modulation system, 21 output end of the first acousto-optic modulation system
It is connect with 5 second input terminal of atomic system, 5 output end of atomic system is connect with 6 first input end of measuring system is tangled；50:50
4 second output terminal of optical beam-splitter is connect with 6 second input terminal of measuring system is tangled；Two beam local oscillations optical signal aL1、aL2It is defeated
Outlet respectively with tangle 6 third of measuring system, the 4th input terminal is connect.
As shown in Fig. 2, the light source unit is by tunable laser 11, single mode 1x4 fiber coupler 12, single mode 1x2 light
Fine coupler 13 and a set of acousto-optic modulation system 14 composition.11 output end of tunable laser and single mode 1x4 fiber coupler 12
Input terminal connection, 12 first output end of single mode 1x4 fiber coupler are connect with 13 input terminal of single mode 1x2 fiber coupler, single mode
1x2 fiber coupler 13 exports two beam local oscillations optical signal aL1、aL2, 12 second output terminal of single mode 1x4 fiber coupler and sound
The connection of 14 input terminal of light modulation system, the output control of acousto-optic modulation system 14 optical signal aC, single mode 1x4 fiber coupler 12
Three, the 4th output end exports two beam seed photo-signal aS1、aS2.The tunable laser 11 using low noise, narrow linewidth, can
Ti sapphire laser is tuned, ti sapphire laser exports the laser of 795nm, the D1 Absorption Line corresponding to 87 atom of rubidium.Acousto-optic tune
System 14 processed is made of the acousto-optic modulator of two sets of double 1.7GHz passed through, for realizing frequency displacement, acquisition and seed photo-signal
The control optical signal a of frequency phase-difference 6.8GHzC。
As shown in figure 3, the atomic system 5 is using the 5 of 87 atom of rubidium2S1/2F=1 and F=2 and 52P1/2F '=1
Hyperfine energy level.Using the shift frequency characteristic of the tuning characteristic harmony light modulation system 14 of ti sapphire laser 11, obtain corresponding
The optical signal of wavelength.Control optical signal aCFrequency and 52S1/2F=1 to 52P1/2F '=1 transition absorption line have Δ=
The single photon of 700MHz is detuning；Seed light aSWith local oscillations light aLFrequency it is identical, the frequency and 52S1/2F=2 to 52P1/2
The transition absorption line of F '=1 have that Δ=700MHz single photon is detuning and the two-photon mismatching angle of δ=0.5MHz.
As shown in figure 4, realizing each optical signal in light source unit 1 using the switching characteristic of five sets of acousto-optic modulation system 21-25
Timing control.The entire control period takes 1 millisecond.The local oscillations optical signal of balanced homodyne detection system is normally opened, exports strong
Local oscillations optical signal aL1And aL2.In 10 microseconds of light and atomic interaction, second, third acousto-optic modulation system is utilized
22,23 by seed photo-signal aS1、aS2It closes, strong simulated light is opened and exported to remaining time, for amplifying to optical parameter
The locking of optical resonator in device and quantum storage.In probe optical pulse signal and atomic interaction time, using the 4th,
Fifth sound light modulation system 24,25 is by probe optical signal aP1、aP2It opened for 500 nanoseconds, is stored for quantum.In probe optical signal
While opening, optical signal a will be controlled using first sound-optic modulator 21C1 microsecond is opened, realizes probe optical signal aP1Quantum
Storage；After the storage time of 100 nanoseconds, control optical signal a is again turned on using first sound-optic modulator 21C, by atom system
The quantum state of system is read.
As shown in Figure 1, described two work of optical parametric amplifier 31,32 generate orthogonal vibration in the anti-magnifying state of parameter
Width squeezed light aS1And aS2.The two-arm intervention phase difference of the 50:50 optical beam-splitter 4 is controlled at 90 degree.
As shown in figure 5, the atomic system 5 is made of atomic components and optical resonator.The atomic components are by atom
Gas chamber 51, magnetic shielding system and temperature control system 54 form, and the magnetic shielding system is made of magnetic cup wallpaper 52 and magnetic shielding cylinder 53；
The atomic air chamber 51 is coated with laser phase filled with atomic gas and a certain amount of inert buffer gas, in the light pass surface of atomic air chamber
Answer the antireflective film of wavelength；The outer layer of atomic air chamber 51 is wrapped up with magnetic screen paper 52, and is placed in the magnetic shielding cylinder 53 of metal；
Rubidium atom is heated simultaneously using the temperature control system 54 of heating tape, thermal insulation material and temperature control instrument composition in the outer layer of magnetic shielding cylinder 53
And accurate temperature controlling.The optical resonator by the flat hysteroscope 55,56,57 of three pieces and two sets of focal lengths be respectively 550mm, -500mm it is saturating
Microscope group 58,59 forms；Optical resonator uses three mirror ring cavity structures, a length of 705mm of chamber；The first flat hysteroscope 55 and
Two flat hysteroscopes 56 are located at the both sides of atomic components and are located at probe optical signal aP1Input path on, the flat hysteroscope 57 of third is located at spy
Needle optical signal aP1Reflected light path on；First flat hysteroscope 55 is 15% as transmitance of the input and output coupling mirror to probe light；
56,57 pairs of probe lights of second, third flat hysteroscope are high anti-；Second flat hysteroscope 56 is fixed on piezoelectric ceramics, for realizing optics
The locking of resonant cavity and probe photoresonance；Two sets of focal lengths be respectively 550mm, -500mm lens group 58,59 be respectively provided at first
It is high to probe light saturating between flat hysteroscope 55 and the flat hysteroscope 57 of third and the second flat hysteroscope 55 and the flat hysteroscope 57 of third, by intracavitary light
Spot amplification, to increase the region of light and atomic interaction.
As shown in fig. 6, the measuring system 6 of tangling is by two sets of balanced homodyne detection systems 64,65, power adder-subtractor 66
It is formed with digital oscilloscope 67 can be stored；First set balanced homodyne detection system 64 is put down by 50:50 optical beam splitting piece 60a, two
Homodyne detector 61a, the 62a and power subtracter 63a that weigh is constituted, and second set of balanced homodyne detection system 65 is by 50:50 optics point
Beam piece 60b, balanced homodyne detection device two 61b, 62b and power subtracter 63b are constituted；Two sets of balanced homodyne detection system difference
To the release light pulse signal a ' of atomic system 5P1With probe optical pulse signal aP2Quadrature component measure；Finally by
Power adder-subtractor 66 and digital oscilloscope 67 can be stored their correlated noise is measured, is analyzed, verify continuous variable
Light and atomic system tangle, that is, tangling between quantum channel and quantum nodes.
Light and atomic system Entangled State can be judged according to the inseparable criterion that Duan Luming et al. is proposed.If released
Give out light pulse signal a 'P1With probe optical pulse signal aP2Correlated noise meet such as lower inequality:
<δ2(Xa'P1+XaP2)>+<δ2(Ya'P1-YaP2)>≤4,
So, light pulse signal a ' is dischargedP1With probe optical pulse signal aP2Between exist tangle, also just establish light and
Exist between atomic system and tangles.Wherein, X and Y respectively indicates orthogonal amplitude and orthogonal position phase component.
Claims (4)
1. the generation device of continuous variable quantum entanglement between a kind of quantum channel and quantum nodes, it is characterised in that: including light
Source unit, five sets of acousto-optic modulation systems, two optical parametric amplifiers, 50:50 optical beam-splitter, atomic system and tangle measurement
System；The light source unit is equipped with two beam seed photo-signal aS1、aS2Output end, control optical signal aCOutput end and two beams locally shake
Swing optical signal aL1、aL2Output end；The two beams seed photo-signal aS1、aS2Output end respectively with second, third acousto-optic modulation system
Input terminal connection, second, third acousto-optic modulation system output are connect with two optical parametric amplifier input terminals respectively, and two
Optical parametric amplifier output end is connect with the 4th, fifth sound light modulation system input terminal respectively, the 4th, fifth sound light modulation system
System output end is connect with two input terminals of 50:50 optical beam-splitter, the first output end of 50:50 optical beam-splitter and atomic system
First input end connection；Control optical signal aCOutput end is connect with the first acousto-optic modulation system input, the first acousto-optic modulation system
System output end is connect with the second input terminal of atomic system；Atomic system output end is connect with measuring system first input end is tangled；
50:50 optical beam-splitter second output terminal is connect with the second input terminal of measuring system is tangled；Two beam local oscillations optical signal aL1、
aL2Output end respectively with tangle measuring system third, the 4th input terminal is connect.
2. the generation dress of continuous variable quantum entanglement between a kind of quantum channel according to claim 1 and quantum nodes
It sets, it is characterised in that: the light source unit is by tunable laser, single mode 1x4 fiber coupler, single mode 1x2 fiber coupler
It is formed with a set of acousto-optic modulation system；Tunable laser output end is connect with single mode 1x4 fiber coupler input terminal, single mode
The first output end of 1x4 fiber coupler is connect with single mode 1x2 fiber coupler input terminal, single mode 1x2 fiber coupler output two
Beam local oscillations optical signal aL1、aL2, single mode 1x4 fiber coupler second output terminal connect with acousto-optic modulation system input, sound
Light modulation system output control optical signal aC, single mode 1x4 fiber coupler third, the 4th output end export two beam seed photo-signals
aS1、aS2。
3. the generation dress of continuous variable quantum entanglement between a kind of quantum channel according to claim 1 and quantum nodes
It sets, it is characterised in that: the atomic system is made of atomic components and optical resonator；The optical resonator is by the flat chamber of three pieces
Mirror and two sets of focal lengths are respectively the lens group composition of 550mm, -500mm；Optical resonator uses three mirror ring cavity structures, chamber
A length of 705mm；For the first flat hysteroscope as input and output coupling mirror, the transmitance to probe light is 15%；Second, third is flat
Hysteroscope is high to probe light anti-；Second flat hysteroscope is fixed on piezoelectric ceramics.
4. the generation dress of continuous variable quantum entanglement between a kind of quantum channel according to claim 1 and quantum nodes
It sets, it is characterised in that: described two optical parametric amplifier work generate orthogonal amplitude squeezed light in the anti-magnifying state of parameter；
The two-arm intervention phase difference of the 50:50 optical beam-splitter is controlled at 90 degree.
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| US6822739B2 (en) * | 2000-11-22 | 2004-11-23 | Trustees Of Boston University | Entangled-photon ellipsometry |
| JP2014170169A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2014-09-18 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Quantum entanglement photon pair generating device |
| CN105652555A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2016-06-08 | 山西大学 | Continuous variable light and atom ensemble entanglement production device |
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