CN107339352A - A kind of electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tunes bump leveller - Google Patents
A kind of electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tunes bump leveller Download PDFInfo
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- CN107339352A CN107339352A CN201710721345.XA CN201710721345A CN107339352A CN 107339352 A CN107339352 A CN 107339352A CN 201710721345 A CN201710721345 A CN 201710721345A CN 107339352 A CN107339352 A CN 107339352A
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- mrow
- mfrac
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F6/00—Magnetic springs; Fluid magnetic springs, i.e. magnetic spring combined with a fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
- F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tuning bump leveller uses faraday's principle of Electromagnetic generation, mover magnetic field is cut by coil the kinetic energy of vibration is converted into electric energy, then coil is connected to load circuit, changed by the impedance operator circuital current for adjusting load circuit.Because current-carrying coil can produce Ampere force in magnetic field, different electric currents can produce different size of Ampere force, and it can also produce different feedback effects to former mechanical system, so as to cause former mechanical system rigidity and the different of damping to change by electromechanical Coupling.The regulation of impedance operator can then be realized by digital circuit.More rapid and simple relative to traditional mechanical regulation, this regulation using electromagnetic coupled mode, required control system is also relative will simply and stably, advantageously in the integrated of adjustable bump leveller, miniaturization and the realization of low energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanical vibration control field, and in particular to a kind of electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tunes bump leveller.
Background technology
During machine operation, excessive vibration can cause badly damaged to structure and machine.In some cases, vibrate
Suppression it is especially important, such as the vibration problem in Aero-Space task.Due to being hindered in Aero-Space under weightless and vacuum environment
Buddhist nun's very little, can also last very long even if small vibration.On the other hand with the lifting of modern life quality, people are to week
The requirement more and more higher in collarette border, the control of mechanical oscillation also no longer simply content just to mechanical mechanism design standard, also needed
Fully to meet the needs of people are to engineering goods comfortableness.
Dynamic vibration absorber is to be invented by Frahm for 1909, it have principle it is simple, it is economical, conveniently, inhibition it is notable
The advantages of, had a wide range of applications in various vibration control fields.But it also has a very important shortcoming, dynamic vibration absorber
Operating frequency range is very narrow, when the intrinsic frequency and the larger frequency phase-difference of foundation structure vibration of bump leveller, now not only not
The vibration on basis can be suppressed, or even can also play a part of vibration amplification.Therefore, every field is all attempted to traditional power suction
The device that shakes is improved, and typically has two ways to realize:Bump leveller is adjusted inherently to damp with regulation bump leveller.By changing absorbing
The rigidity and quality of device can reach the purpose for changing its intrinsic frequency, using the control method of half active, in certain work
In the range of, the intrinsic frequency of bump leveller can be caused to be matched all the time with fundamental vibration frequency, reach optimal inhibition.Separately
A kind of method is to increase the damping of bump leveller, and dynamic vibration absorber its operating frequency range after addition damping will be far longer than without hindrance
Buddhist nun's situation.Certainly the mode of this addition damping can also sacrifice certain vibration control effect, thus the increase damped nor
It is the bigger the better, an optimal value is present.
Regulation generally use for quality rigidity change mechanical structure, regulation centroid position, increase non-individual body prestressing force,
Add the modes such as extra active force to realize, these modes are required to the regulation of mechanical system, and required energy is larger, regulation
Required control system is also relatively complicated, and design and operation cost is all very high.And damp often at the beginning of design just
Through what is designed, it is difficult to realize adjusts again in the course of the work.These factors cause adjustable dynamic vibration absorber application and
Development is restricted.Therefore only more easy economic tuning manner could cause this adjustable bump leveller really to obtain
It is widely popularized and applies.
The content of the invention
The present invention tunes bump leveller for a kind of electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit, it is characterised in that:Described electromagnetism mechanical-electric coupling
Circuit tuning bump leveller includes mechanical part and digital circuits section;Mechanical part is made up of mover and stator, passes through both ends
Linear bearing is fixed on centre pilot;Stationary part is made up of shell and coil, coil be located at mover and side casings it
Between;Digital processing circuit includes A/D module, digital process controller and D/A module, and coil is connected with digital circuit.
It is characterized in that:Described mover is made up of three blocks of armature and two blocks of magnet, and two blocks of magnet are respectively at two armature
Between, wherein being topmost installed with two linear bearings with bottom two blocks of armature;The upper and lower side armature part of mover with
The end housing up and down of stator passes through compression spring shrink assembly.
It is characterized in that:Described linear bearing selects linear linear bearing, and guide rod slipper is square, controls mover
Around the free degree of center rotating.
It is characterized in that:Described stator includes bump leveller shell and coil, and lower plate is provided with threaded mounting hole, passes through lower plate
On mounting hole threaded connection by the device be arranged on vibrational structure on;In the fixation such as location guide spring base and shell;Side
The good material of face shell selection magnetic property.
It is characterized in that:Described coil is fixed on close to the position of mover magnet, is surround with circular multilayer;Without prejudice to
The gap that mover is reduced between coil and mover in the case of vibrating.
It is characterized in that:Described digital circuit is to include AD, digital process controller, DA three parts, the circuit and line
Circle string
Connection forms closed loop, and when coil-induced electric current flows through the circuit, A/D module is translated into data signal, passes through number
After the PID control processing of word signal processing controller, DA return circuits are output to.
It is characterized in that:The final effect of described digital process controller is equivalent to series resistance and electric capacity, equivalent electric
Resistance R and equivalent capacity C size should meet:
The impedance operator of the digital circuit of regulation should meet below equation:
Wherein k is the total equivalent stiffness of spring, and c is mechanical damping suffered when mover vibrates, and ω is that structure to be controlled is shaken
Dynamic circular frequency, L are the electrodynamic capacity of coil, and B is the magnetic field intensity residing for coil, and l is the effective length of coil, and μ is to be controlled
Structure equivalent mass processed and mover mass ratio.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. a kind of electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tuning bump leveller of the present invention, passes through the circuit part control of mechanical-electric coupling
System frequency processed, so that device is issued to absorbing in the different Typical Vibration frequencies of environment, solve to have filled with this
The problem of putting single working frequency and regulative mode complexity;
2. a kind of electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tuning bump leveller of the present invention, is realized by the regulation of circuit characteristic
The change of intrinsic frequency, regulative mode is more intelligent, economical, simple and stably relative to mechanical adjustment, is also beneficial to can adjust
The integrated and miniaturization of bump leveller.
3. a kind of electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tuning bump leveller of the present invention, the regulation of circuit characteristic is using numeral electricity
Road is adjusted, and adjusts continuity and precision is higher, and it is also more convenient that control is got up, the control system power consumption entirely adjusted also pole
It is low.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is mechanical structure portion sectional view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is circuit part digital processing schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 simplifies electromechanical Coupling Model schematic diagram for the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
A kind of electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tunes bump leveller, is specifically divided into two parts, a part is machinery as shown in Figure 1
Structure division, another part are circuit parts as shown in Figure 2.The mover of mechanical structure portion is by 7 groups of magnet 6 and armature
Into, be fixed on by the linear bearing 2 at both ends on centre pilot 10, can be achieved above-below direction slidably, mover up and down
End is respectively by the shrink assembly of compression spring 1.Stationary part is made up of shell and coil, upper 3, lower 9 plates be for location guide
Deng position, side casings 4 can be engaged with mover field circuit, strengthen the magnetic field intensity by coil.When the mechanical part
After on vibrational structure, mover vibrates therewith, the cutting magnetic induction line of coil 5 and produce induced-current.Coil is connected to number
In word circuit 12, pass through the output that control algolithm changes digital circuit so that the equivalent resistance of equivalent circuit where coil and wait
It is adjustable to imitate electric capacity.Different Ampere forces is generated because the size of current in coil is influenceed by circuit impedance, this peace
Training power can feed back to mechanical system again, change intrinsic frequency and the damping of former mover vibration, when digital process controller allows all the time
When the intrinsic frequency of mover vibration and damping are in the relative relatively figure of merit, it is possible to reach the purpose of bump leveller tuning.
Preferably, linear bearing selects linear linear bearing, and guide rod slipper is square, and control mover is around center rotating
The free degree.
Preferably, the good material of side casings selection magnetic property, to strengthen the magnetic field intensity by coil magnetic loop.
Preferably, in the gap reduced in the case of being vibrated without prejudice to mover between coil and mover.
Preferably, the device is arranged on vibrational structure with threaded connection by the mounting hole 8 in lower plate.
The present invention tunes bump leveller for a kind of electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit, to make purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention is implemented
It is clearer with advantage, technical scheme is further described in more detail below.In the accompanying drawings, it is identical from beginning to end
Or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Based on the implementation in the present invention
Example, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, is belonged to
The scope of protection of the invention.
A kind of electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tuning bump leveller of the present invention, can be reduced to oscillator-spring-damper system
System, optimal vibration suppression effect can be reached when the intrinsic frequency of bump leveller is consistent with the vibration frequency of vibration of foundation structure
Fruit.It is difficult to reach completely the same when frequency is adjusted, can be reduced by adjusting the damping of the invention due to frequency little deviation
And caused influence.Bump leveller, the either regulation of frequency are tuned for inventing a kind of described electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit also
The regulation for being damping is realized by the regulation of circuit characteristic where coil.Illustrate its Principles of Regulation and tool with reference to Fig. 3
Body implementation method:
Mover gross mass is m, and the global stiffness of compression spring is k, and the mechanical damping of mover vibration is c, and mover is by permanent magnetic
Iron and armature composition, so can have constant magnetic field around mover, coil is in magnetic field, and when mover vibrates, magnetic field is sent out
Raw displacement, it is relative, coil cutting magnetic induction line and produce induced-current.Coil is in series with digital circuit simultaneously, passes through control
After the control process of device, it is equivalent to be connected with a variable resistance R and variable condenser C.It is fixed according to newtonian motion second
The Kirchhoff's current law (KCL) of rule and circuit can obtain the mechanical-electric coupling differential governing equation of whole mechanically and electrically road system:
Wherein x is the displacement of mover vibration deviation equipoise, the magnetic field intensity that unit m, B are provided by mover,
Unit is tesla, and I is the alternating current in circuit, and unit is ampere, and l is the effective length of coil, and unit is rice, and F is outer
The size of exciting force, unit are newton, and ω is the circular frequency of external excitation, and unit is 1/ second, and letter top a little represents the physics
Measure time differential.
The equivalent stiffness of the system is obtained by Laplace transform to formula (1) and equivalent damping is:
When adjusting R and C, equivalent stiffness and equivalent damping size will change so thatEqual to external excitation
Frequencies omega can causes the effectiveness in vibration suppression of dynamic vibration absorber to be optimal, but this perfect regulation shape in the realistic case
State is difficult to realize, or dynamic excitation frequency is not invariable, so changing to reduce bump leveller to frequency
Susceptibility, it is necessary to for bump leveller increase damping.Increasing the optimal size damped isSo according to (2), (3)
Formula, the impedance operator of adjusted digital circuit should meet below equation:
Digital processing circuit of the present invention includes A/D module, digital processing unit and D/A module, and AD is by the simulation of electric current
Signal is converted into data signal, and digital processing unit carries out including the operation such as amplitude gain regulation, phase adjusted, output to the signal
Signal after DA by exporting return circuit, so as to realize the regulation to the impedance operator of coil circuit.
Mover quality, spring rate, magnetic field intensity, the size of coil effective length and size of the present invention are all can
Become, specific size, it should the application scenario of bump leveller is tuned for a kind of electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit described in the invention
To consider and optimize, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can be with
Various deformations or amendments are made within the scope of the claims, and this has no effect on the substantive content of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tunes bump leveller, it is characterised in that:Described electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tuning is inhaled
The device that shakes includes mechanical part and digital circuits section;Mechanical part is made up of mover and stator, is consolidated by the linear bearing at both ends
It is scheduled on centre pilot;Stationary part is made up of shell and coil, and coil is between mover and side casings;Digital processing
Circuit includes A/D module, digital process controller and D/A module, and coil is connected with digital circuit.
A kind of 2. electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tuning bump leveller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described mover
It is made up of three blocks of armature and two blocks of magnet, two blocks of magnet are respectively between two armature, wherein topmost being held in the mouth with bottom two pieces
Ferropexy is provided with two linear bearings;The upper and lower side armature part of mover and the end housing up and down of stator are pre- by compression spring
It is closely assembled.
A kind of 3. electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tuning bump leveller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described straight line
Bearing selects linear linear bearing, and guide rod slipper is square, the free degree of the control mover around center rotating.
A kind of 4. electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tuning bump leveller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described stator
Including bump leveller shell and coil, lower plate is provided with threaded mounting hole, is threadedly coupled by the mounting hole in lower plate by the device
On vibrational structure;In the fixation such as location guide spring base and shell;The good material of side casings selection magnetic property.
A kind of 5. electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tuning bump leveller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described coil
It is fixed on close to the position of mover magnet, is surround with circular multilayer;Coil is reduced in the case where being vibrated without prejudice to mover with moving
Gap between son.
A kind of 6. electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tuning bump leveller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described numeral
Circuit is to include AD, digital process controller, DA three parts, and the circuit connects to form closed loop with coil, coil-induced electric current stream
When crossing the circuit, A/D module is translated into data signal, after the PID control processing of Digital Signal Processing controller,
It is output to DA return circuits.
A kind of 7. electromagnetism Electromechanical Coupling Circuit tuning bump leveller according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described numeral
The final effect of processing controller is equivalent to series resistance and electric capacity, and equivalent resistance R and equivalent capacity C size should meet:
<mrow>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msup>
<mi>L&omega;</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>-</mo>
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<mi>C</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>)</mo>
<msup>
<mi>B</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<msup>
<mi>l</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<msup>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<msup>
<mi>R</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
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<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mfrac>
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</mfrac>
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<mi>&omega;</mi>
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<mi>&omega;</mi>
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<mo>=</mo>
<msqrt>
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</mrow>
<mn>3</mn>
</msup>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</msqrt>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
The impedance operator of the digital circuit of regulation should meet below equation:
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>m&omega;</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
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<msup>
<msub>
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</msub>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
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<mi>C</mi>
</mfrac>
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<mn>2</mn>
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</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msqrt>
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<mn>3</mn>
<mn>8</mn>
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<mi>RB</mi>
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<mn>2</mn>
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<mn>2</mn>
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<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
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</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
Wherein k is the total equivalent stiffness of spring, and c is mechanical damping suffered when mover vibrates, and ω is structural vibration to be controlled
Circular frequency, L are the electrodynamic capacity of coil, and B is the magnetic field intensity residing for coil, and l is the effective length of coil, and μ is knot to be controlled
Structure equivalent mass and mover mass ratio.
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