CN107332431B - Cascade megavolt voltage generator - Google Patents
Cascade megavolt voltage generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN107332431B CN107332431B CN201710686029.3A CN201710686029A CN107332431B CN 107332431 B CN107332431 B CN 107332431B CN 201710686029 A CN201710686029 A CN 201710686029A CN 107332431 B CN107332431 B CN 107332431B
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
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Abstract
The invention provides a cascade megavoltage generation device. The device includes: the circuit comprises a supporting structure, a voltage-sharing structure and a plurality of serially connected multi-stage unit circuits; each level of unit circuit is spirally arranged along the height direction of the supporting structure and is connected with the supporting structure, and each level of unit circuit generates megavolt voltage with preset time-varying characteristics through series connection; the voltage-sharing structure is connected with the top of the supporting structure to distribute an electric field; the supporting structure is used for supporting each level of unit circuits and voltage-sharing structures. In the invention, the multi-stage unit circuits connected in series can generate megavolt voltage with preset time-varying characteristics, and the voltage with the preset time-varying characteristics can be voltage with time-varying characteristics which gradually and steeply rise approximately in a monotone exponential manner, so that the test result is more accurate; each level of unit circuit is spirally arranged along the height direction of the supporting structure, so that the research of the lightning ascending pilot equivalent simulation test in a laboratory becomes possible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high voltage tests, in particular to a cascade megavoltage generating device.
Background
At present, when the problem of lightning shielding is researched, the research of a lightning ascending pilot test is generally carried out by utilizing long-gap discharge. The key point is to generate a time-varying electric field which is equivalent to natural lightning near a ground target object, wherein the electric field has the time-varying characteristic that the electric field gradually and steeply rises approximately in a monotone exponential manner. In the current test, the common Marx impulse voltage generator can only output inherent double-exponential voltage waveform, cannot meet the requirement of electric field equivalence of the lightning ascending pilot test, and further becomes a key factor for restricting the lightning protection of a large-scale target object. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel principle megavolt high voltage generator for generating an electric field waveform equivalent to natural lightning.
In the background of this need, a new high voltage generation technology based on the capacitive controlled charging principle has been proposed by the relevant scholars. The technology integrates power electronics and a high-voltage test technology, takes a capacitance controllable charging unit circuit (unit circuit for short) with a low voltage level as a core, and realizes megavolt-level high-voltage output by connecting a plurality of levels of unit circuits in series (cascade for short) to boost voltage. According to the disclosed technical data, the typical output voltage of the unit circuit is 25kV, so that it is concluded that at least 40 stages of unit circuits are required to be connected in series if 1MV voltage output is to be realized; in order to realize higher voltage output, the number of unit circuits needing to be cascaded is more, and meanwhile, the electric insulation problem among the unit circuits needs to be considered because the voltage is raised in a cascading mode so that the unit circuits have step-by-step potential difference. Therefore, in order to develop an MV-class high-voltage generator based on this novel technology, a reasonable device structure scheme needs to be developed for the problem of numerous unit circuits and their cascade.
Chinese patent publication No.: the invention patent application of CN 104467512 a discloses that more than two charging trigger units are axially connected, each charging trigger unit comprises a gas switch and a capacitor located at two sides of the gas switch, and adjacent charging trigger units are connected through a first insulating main body to output a steep front impulse waveform under the condition of a large-capacity test sample, but a voltage waveform with time-varying characteristics of gradual and steep ascending and approximately monotone exponential ascending cannot be generated, namely, a voltage waveform equivalent to natural lightning is generated, and the requirement of electric field equivalence of a lightning ascending pilot test cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a cascaded megavoltage generator, which aims to provide a reasonable device structure scheme for a large number of unit circuits and the cascading problem thereof.
In one aspect, the invention provides a cascaded megavoltage generator. The device includes: the circuit comprises a supporting structure, a voltage-sharing structure and a plurality of serially connected multi-stage unit circuits; each level of unit circuit is spirally arranged along the height direction of the supporting structure and is connected with the supporting structure so as to generate megavolt voltage with preset time-varying characteristics; the voltage-sharing structure is connected with the top of the supporting structure to distribute an electric field; the supporting structure is used for supporting each level of unit circuits and voltage-sharing structures.
Further, in the cascaded megavoltage generator, a height difference h between two adjacent unit circuits is sett＝k×(ΔU/Eins) (ii) a In the above formula, k is a margin coefficient, and k is more than or equal to 1; delta U is the potential difference of the adjacent two-stage unit circuit, and the unit is kV; einsThe unit of the surface insulation strength of the material of the supporting structure is kV/m.
Further, in the above-mentioned cascaded megavolt-level voltage generator, among the unit circuits at each level in the spiral direction, the axial distance between the unit circuits at two adjacent levels in the height direction is a single pitch, and the single pitch h is a single pitchs＝Ns×ht(ii) a In the above formula, NsThe number of unit circuits arranged in a single pitch; h istIs the height difference of the adjacent two-stage unit circuits.
Further, in the cascaded megavoltage generator, an axial distance between the first unit circuit and the last unit circuit is a total height of the spiral lift, and the total height of the spiral lift is Hs＝(N-1)×ht(ii) a In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,n is the total series stage number of the unit circuit; h istIs the height difference of the adjacent two-stage unit circuits.
Further, in the cascaded megavoltage generator, the support structure includes: the device comprises a base, a supporting cylinder and a plurality of supporting plates; the bottom end of the supporting cylinder is connected with the base, and the top end of the supporting cylinder is connected with the pressure equalizing structure; the first end of each supporting plate is connected with the supporting cylinder, the supporting plates are spirally arranged along the height direction of the supporting cylinder, and the unit circuits at all levels are arranged on the supporting plates in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
Furthermore, in the cascaded megavoltage generator, a conducting strip is laid between each supporting plate and each corresponding unit circuit, and the conducting strip is used as a working potential reference plane of the corresponding unit circuit.
Further, in the cascaded megavoltage generator, each unit circuit includes: a voltage controller, a transformer and a capacitor; the voltage controller, the transformer and the capacitor are sequentially arranged on the supporting plate; in the adjacent two-stage unit circuit, the first terminal of the capacitor located at the lower stage is electrically connected to the second terminal of the capacitor located at the upper stage.
Further, in the cascaded megavoltage generator, the support structure further includes: the supporting columns are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the supporting cylinder, the bottom ends of the supporting columns are connected with the base, and the top ends of the supporting columns are connected with the pressure equalizing structure; each support column is connected with the second end of each corresponding support plate.
Further, in the cascaded megavoltage generating device, the supporting cylinder and each supporting column are detachably connected with the supporting plate.
Furthermore, in the cascaded megavoltage generator, the support structure is an insulating support structure.
In the invention, the multistage unit circuits connected in series can generate megavolt voltage with preset time-varying characteristics, the voltage with the preset time-varying characteristics can be the voltage with the time-varying characteristics which gradually and steeply rise and approximately show monotone exponential rise, the time-varying characteristics are closer to the equivalent electric field time-varying characteristics of natural thunder and lightning, the requirement of the electric field equivalence of a thunder and lightning ascending pilot test can be met, and the test result is more accurate; the unit circuits at all levels are spirally arranged along the height direction of the supporting structure, so that a foundation is laid for further developing the specific structural design of the device according to input parameters and constraint conditions and finally realizing the novel high-voltage generation technology of the capacitance controllable charging principle, and the development of the research of the lightning ascending pilot equivalent simulation test in a laboratory becomes possible.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a front view of a cascaded megavoltage generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a cascaded megavoltage generator according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a front view of a unit circuit in the cascaded megavoltage generator according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a top view of a unit circuit in the cascaded megavoltage generator according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a unit circuit connected to a supporting structure in a cascaded megavoltage generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a preferred structure of the cascaded megavoltage generator provided in this embodiment is shown. As shown, the apparatus comprises: a support structure 1, a voltage equalizing structure 2 and a multi-stage unit circuit 3 connected in series.
Each level of unit circuit 3 surrounds the support structure 1 and is spirally arranged along the height direction of the support structure 1, and each level of unit circuit 3 is connected with the support structure 1. Each stage of the unit circuit 3 may generate a megavoltage having a predetermined time-varying characteristic, for example, a megavoltage having a time-varying characteristic that gradually increases steeply and increases approximately monotonically and exponentially. The voltage-sharing structure 2 is connected with the top of the supporting structure 1, so that an electric field of the device is uniform, and in addition, the voltage-sharing structure 2 can also play a role in compensating stray capacitance. The support structure 1 provides support for each stage of unit circuits 3 and the voltage equalizing structure 2. In specific implementation, the voltage equalizing structure 2 may be a double-layer voltage equalizing ring.
In this embodiment, the multi-stage unit circuits 3 connected in series can generate megavolt-level voltage with a preset time-varying characteristic, and the voltage with the preset time-varying characteristic can be voltage with a time-varying characteristic which gradually and steeply rises and approximately presents a monotone index, and the time-varying characteristic is closer to the electric field time-varying characteristic equivalent to natural lightning, so that the requirement of electric field equivalence of a lightning up-leading test can be met, and the test result is more accurate; the unit circuits 3 at all levels are spirally arranged along the height direction of the supporting structure 1, so that a foundation is laid for further developing the specific structural design of the device according to input parameters and constraint conditions and finally realizing the novel high-voltage generation technology of the capacitance controllable charging principle, and the research of the lightning ascending pilot equivalent simulation test in a laboratory becomes possible.
In the above embodiment, the height difference h between the adjacent two-stage unit circuits 3t＝k×(ΔU/Eins) Wherein k is a margin coefficient, and k is more than or equal to 1; delta U is the potential difference of the adjacent two-stage unit circuit 3, and the unit is kV; einsIs the material along-the-plane dielectric strength of the support structure 1, in kV/m. In each stage of unit circuits 1 in the spiral direction, the axial distance between two adjacent stages of unit circuits 1 in the height direction is a single pitch hs＝Ns×htWherein N issFor the number, h, of elementary circuits 3 arranged in a single pitchtIs the height difference of the adjacent two-stage unit circuits. The axial distance between the first-stage unit circuit 3 and the last-stage unit circuit 3 is a total height of the spiral lifts＝(N-1)×htWhere N is the total series order of the unit circuits 3, htIs the height difference of the adjacent two-stage unit circuits. For example, if the potential difference Δ U of the adjacent two-stage unit circuits 3 is 25kV, the material of the support structure 1 has the in-plane dielectric strength Eins175kV/m, and k is 1.05, the height difference h of the adjacent two-stage unit circuits 3 can be calculated by the above formulatIs 15 cm; according to the number N of unit circuits 3 arranged in a single pitchs10 stages, height difference h of adjacent two-stage unit circuit 3tIs 15cm, the height h of the single pitch can be calculated by the formulasIs 1.5 m; the total series stage number N of the unit circuits 3 is 60 stages, and the height difference h of the adjacent two stages of the unit circuits 3t15cm, the total height H of the spiral rise can be calculated by the above formulasAnd 8.85 m.
In the above embodiment, the support structure 1 may include: a base 11, a support cylinder 12 and a plurality of support plates 13. Wherein, the bottom end (relative to fig. 1) of the supporting cylinder 12 can be connected with the base 11, and the top end (relative to fig. 1) of the base 11 can be connected with the pressure equalizing structure 2. In particular, the base 11 may be a steel base. A first end (a right end shown in fig. 1) of each supporting plate 13 may be connected to an outer wall of the supporting cylinder 12, and each supporting plate 13 may be spirally raised along a height direction of the supporting cylinder 12 around the supporting cylinder 12. In one embodiment, the first end of each support plate 13 may be detachably connected to the outer wall of the support cylinder 12, such as by bolting or flange connection. The number of the supporting plates 13 may be the same as the number of stages of the unit circuits 3, and the unit circuits 3 of each stage may be disposed on each supporting plate 13 in a one-to-one correspondence.
In this embodiment, each stage of unit circuit 3 can be supported and fixed by the support cylinder 12 and each support plate 13, so as to realize a spiral ascending arrangement mode, and the structure is simple and easy to realize.
In the above embodiment, a strip-shaped metal conductive sheet 31 may be disposed between the upper surface of each supporting plate 13 and the corresponding unit circuit 3 of each stage, and the conductive sheet 31 may serve as a working potential reference plane of the corresponding unit circuit 3.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, preferred structures of the unit circuit provided in the present embodiment are shown. As shown, each stage of the unit circuit 3 may include: a voltage controller 32, a transformer 33 and a capacitor 34. Wherein the voltage controller 32, the transformer 33 and the capacitor 34 are sequentially mounted on the support plate 13. In the adjacent two-stage unit circuits 3, a first end (upper end shown in fig. 3) of the capacitor 34 located at the lower stage is electrically connected to a second end (lower end shown in fig. 3) of the capacitor 34 located at the upper stage, so that the unit circuits 3 at the respective stages are electrically connected in series. It should be noted that the connection manner of the voltage controller 32, the transformer 33 and the capacitor 34 is well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described herein.
According to the structural characteristics of the assembly, the assembly is divided into the following parts according to the size: voltage controller 32> transformer 33> capacitor 34; the weight portions are as follows: the voltage controller 32 ≈ transformer 33> capacitor 34, and specific structural parameters can be seen in table 1.
TABLE 1
Therefore, the voltage controller 32, the transformer 33, and the capacitor 34 may be sequentially disposed on the support plate 13 having a wide left and a narrow right from left to right. The thickness of the supporting plate 13 may be 15mm, a first end of the supporting plate 13 is a narrow side, a second end of the supporting plate 13 is a wide side, and the first end of the supporting plate 13 is connected to the supporting cylinder 12.
In the above embodiment, the support structure 1 may further include: a plurality of support posts 14. Each support column 14 can be evenly arranged along the circumference of the support cylinder 12, the bottom end of each support column 14 can be connected with the base 11, and the top end of each support column 14 can be connected with the pressure equalizing structure 2. In practice, the support structure 1 may be an insulating support structure 1, i.e. the support tube 12, each support plate 13 and each support column 14 may be insulating, for example, each support plate 13 may be an epoxy support plate. Each support column 14 may be connected to the second end of each support plate 13, i.e., to the broad side of each support plate 13. In one embodiment, each support post 14 and the second end of each support plate 13 can be detachably connected, such as by bolting or flange connection.
In this embodiment, each supporting column 14 can further support each stage of unit circuit 3, so that the position of each stage of unit circuit 3 is further fixed.
In summary, in this embodiment, the multi-stage unit circuits connected in series can generate megavolt-level voltage with a preset time-varying characteristic, and the voltage with the preset time-varying characteristic can be a voltage with a time-varying characteristic that gradually increases steeply and approximately increases in a monotonic exponential manner, and the time-varying characteristic is closer to an electric field time-varying characteristic equivalent to natural lightning, so that the requirement of electric field equivalence of a lightning up-leading test can be met, and a test result is more accurate; the unit circuits at all levels are spirally arranged along the height direction of the supporting structure, so that a foundation is laid for further developing the specific structural design of the device according to input parameters and constraint conditions and finally realizing the novel high-voltage generation technology of the capacitance controllable charging principle, and the development of the research of the lightning ascending pilot equivalent simulation test in a laboratory becomes possible.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (7)
1. A cascaded megavoltage generator, comprising: the device comprises a supporting structure (1), a voltage equalizing structure (2) and a multi-stage unit circuit (3) which are connected in series; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
each level of unit circuit (3) is spirally arranged along the height direction of the supporting structure (1) and is connected with the supporting structure (1) so as to generate megavolt voltage with preset time-varying characteristics; the height difference ht of the unit circuits (3) of two adjacent stages is k x (delta U/Eins); in the above formula, k is a margin coefficient, and k is more than or equal to 1; delta U is the potential difference of the adjacent two stages of unit circuits (3), and the unit is kV; eins is the insulation strength of the material edge surface of the supporting structure (1) and has the unit of kV/m; in each stage of the unit circuits (1) in the spiral direction, the axial distance between two adjacent stages of the unit circuits (1) in the height direction is a single pitch, and the single pitch hs is Ns × ht; in the above formula, Ns is the number of the unit circuits (3) arranged in the single pitch; the axial distance between the first-stage unit circuit (3) and the last-stage unit circuit (3) is a spiral lifting total height, and the spiral lifting total height Hs is (N-1) x ht; in the above formula, N is the total series stage number of the unit circuit (3);
the voltage-sharing structure (2) is connected with the top of the supporting structure (1) to distribute an electric field uniformly;
the supporting structure (1) is used for supporting the unit circuits (3) and the voltage-sharing structure (2) at all levels.
2. The cascaded megavoltage generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support structure (1) comprises: a base (11), a support cylinder (12) and a plurality of support plates (13); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the bottom end of the supporting cylinder (12) is connected with the base (11), and the top end of the supporting cylinder (12) is connected with the pressure equalizing structure (2);
the first end of each supporting plate (13) is connected with the supporting cylinder (12), the supporting plates (13) are spirally arranged along the height direction of the supporting cylinder (12), and the unit circuits (3) of each stage are correspondingly arranged on the supporting plates (13) one by one.
3. The cascaded megavoltage generator of claim 2, wherein,
and a conducting plate (31) is laid between each supporting plate (13) and each corresponding unit circuit (3), and the conducting plate (31) is used as a working potential reference surface of the corresponding unit circuit (3).
4. A cascaded megavoltage generating device according to claim 3, wherein each stage of the cell circuit (3) comprises: a voltage controller (32), a transformer (33), and a capacitor (34); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the voltage controller (32), the transformer (33) and the capacitor (34) are sequentially mounted on the support plate (13);
in the unit circuits (3) of two adjacent stages, a first end of the capacitor (34) located at a lower stage is electrically connected to a second end of the capacitor (34) located at an upper stage.
5. The cascaded megavoltage generator according to claim 2, wherein the support structure (1) further comprises:
the supporting columns (14) are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the supporting cylinder (12), the bottom ends of the supporting columns (14) are connected with the base (11), and the top ends of the supporting columns (14) are connected with the pressure equalizing structure (2);
each of the support columns (14) is connected to a second end of a corresponding one of the support plates (13).
6. The cascaded megavoltage generating device of claim 5,
the supporting cylinder (12) and each supporting column (14) are detachably connected with the supporting plate (13).
7. The cascaded megavoltage generator of any one of claims 1 to 6,
the supporting structure (1) is an insulating supporting structure.
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